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Tegopoulos SN, Papagiannopoulos A, Kyritsis A. Hydration effects on thermal transitions and molecular mobility in Xanthan gum polysaccharides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:3462-3473. [PMID: 38205826 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04643e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the xanthan gum (XG) polysaccharide is studied over a wide range of temperatures and water fractions 0 ≤ hw ≤ 0.70 (on a wet basis) by employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). The investigation reveals that the critical water fraction for ice formation is about 0.35. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was determined through calorimetry experiments for all the samples studied. Water acts as a strong plasticizer, i.e., decreasing Tg, for water fractions up to about 0.35. A secondary (local) relaxation process is recorded in both dry and hydrated samples, which is sensitive to the presence of water molecules. This fact indicates that this process originates due to the orientation of small polar groups of the side chain, or/and due to the local main chain dynamics. Two types of long-range charge transport processes were resolved. The first is related to the conductive paths being formed via bulk-like ice structures (at high hydration levels), whereas the second can be attributed to proton mobility via the hydrogen bond (HB) network of non-freezing water existing in XG. Interestingly, this process is exactly the same in all the hydrated samples with hw > 0.25. With respect to the sample with hw = 0.27, a Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF)-like polarization process has also been recorded which seems to be related to long-range charge mobility via interconnected water clusters. As far as we are aware, this is the first time that XG is studied in terms of glass transition and molecular mobility over a wide range of hydration levels combining DSC and BDS techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis N Tegopoulos
- Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece.
| | - Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece.
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A Safe-by-Design Approach for the Synthesis of a Novel Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid with Improved Biological and Physical Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030431. [PMID: 36986530 PMCID: PMC10058433 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polymer with unique biological properties that has gained in interest over the years, with applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biomedical fields; however, its widespread use has been limited by its short half-life. Therefore, a new cross-linked hyaluronic acid was designed and characterized using a natural and safe cross-linking agent, such as arginine methyl ester, which provided improved resistance to enzymatic action, as compared to the corresponding linear polymer. The antibacterial profile of the new derivative was shown to be effective against S. aureus and P. acnes, making it a promising candidate for use in cosmetic formulations and skin applications. Its effect on S. pneumoniae, combined with its excellent tolerability profile on lung cells, also makes this new product suitable for applications involving the respiratory tract.
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Galeano-Duque Y, Poveda-Jaramillo JC, Mesa M. Considerations about 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane reactivity in function of the complexity of aqueous and plasma gel media. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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Screening of the Chemical Composition and Identification of Hyaluronic Acid in Food Supplements by Fractionation and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13224002. [PMID: 34833306 PMCID: PMC8620353 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid, together with collagen, vitamins or plant extracts, is a part of many cosmetic and food preparations. For example, this polysaccharide is used in formulation of many food supplements due to its protective effects on human health. In this work, the screening of the chemical composition of three chosen dietary supplements (powder, tablets and capsules) containing hyaluronic acid was carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Because of the low amount of analyte in all these samples, it was isolated or concentrated prior to the analysis using a suitable sequential fractionation protocol. Individual isolation procedures were established for each sample based on their declared composition. Firstly, the major components such as collagen or vitamins were removed to obtain polysaccharide fractions by the enzymatic treatment and/or washing out with the appropriate solvents. In some cases, the water insoluble part was removed from the rest dissolved in water. Then, hyaluronic acid was precipitated with copper(II) cations and thus separated from the other polysaccharides. Finally, the analyte was identified in the enriched fractions by the characteristic vibrational bands. The amount of hyaluronic acid in the purified fractions was determined in three ways: gravimetrically, spectrophotometrically, and using isotachophoresis. The combination of the appropriate preparative and analytical steps led to the successful evaluation of chemical composition, finding and quantification of hyaluronic acid in all the studied samples.
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Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of a New Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101672. [PMID: 34683965 PMCID: PMC8540713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), an excellent biomaterial with unique bio properties, is currently one of the most interesting polymers for many biomedical and cosmetic applications. However, several of its potential benefits are limited as it is rapidly degraded by hyaluronidase enzymes. To improve the half-life and consequently increase performance, native HA has been modified through cross-linking reactions with a natural and biocompatible amino acid, Ornithine, to overcome the potential toxicity commonly associated with traditional linkers. 2-chloro-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine/4-methylmorpholine (CDMT/NMM) was used as an activating agent. The new product (HA–Orn) was extensively characterized to confirm the chemical modification, and rheological analysis showed a gel-like profile. In vitro degradation experiments showed an improved resistance profile against enzymatic digestions. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed on lung cell lines (Calu-3 and H441), which showed no cytotoxicity.
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Kuo YC, Tsao CW, Rajesh R. Dual-sized inverted colloidal crystal scaffolds grafted with GDF-8 and Wnt3a for enhancing differentiation of iPS cells toward islet β-cells. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tavsanli B, Okay O. Macroporous methacrylated hyaluronic acid cryogels of high mechanical strength and flow-dependent viscoelasticity. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Kripotou S, Stefanopoulou E, Culebras-Martínez M, Morales-Román RM, Gallego Ferrer G, Kyritsis A. Water dynamics and thermal properties of tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid - Gelatin hydrogels. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Fallacara A, Busato L, Pozzoli M, Ghadiri M, Ong HX, Young PM, Manfredini S, Traini D. Co-Spray-Dried Urea Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid and Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate as Novel Inhalable Dry Powder Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2964-2971. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Kripotou S, Zafeiris K, Culebras-Martínez M, Gallego Ferrer G, Kyritsis A. Dynamics of hydration water in gelatin and hyaluronic acid hydrogels. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:109. [PMID: 31444585 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We employed broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), for the investigation of the water dynamics in partially hydrated hyaluronic acid (HA), and gelatin (Gel), enzymatically crosslinked hydrogels, in the water fraction ranges [Formula: see text]. Our results indicate that at low hydrations ([Formula: see text]), where the dielectric response of the hydrogels is identical during cooling and heating, water plasticizes strongly the polymeric matrix and is organized in clusters giving rise to [Formula: see text]-process, secondary water relaxation and to an additional slower relaxation process. This later process has been found to be related with the dc charge conductivity and can be described in terms of the conduction current relaxation mechanism. At slightly higher hydrations, however, always below the hydration level where ice is formed during cooling, we have recorded in HA hydrogel a strong water dielectric relaxation process, [Formula: see text], which has Arrhenius-like temperature dependence and large time scale resembling relaxation processes recorded in bulk low density amorphous solid water structures. This relaxation process shows a strong-to-fragile transition at [Formula: see text]C and our data suggest that the VTF-like process recorded at [Formula: see text]C is controlled by the same molecular process like long range charge transport. In addition, our data imply that the crossover temperature is related with the onset of structural rearrangements (increase in configurational entropy) of the macromolecules. In partially crystallized hydrogels ([Formula: see text]) HA exhibits at low temperatures the ice dielectric process consistent with the bulk hexagonal ice, whereas Gel hydrogel exhibits as main low temperature process a slow relaxation process that refers to open tetrahedral structures of water similar to low density amorphous ice structures and to bulk cubic ice. Regarding the water secondary relaxation processes, we have shown that the [Formula: see text]-process and the [Formula: see text] process are activated in water hydrogen bond networks with different structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Kripotou
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zafeiris
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Culebras-Martínez
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece.
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Zhao H, Chen Z, Du X, Chen L. Contribution of different state of adsorbed water to the sub-Tg dynamics of cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:322-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Majewski GP, Rodan K, Fields K, Falla TJ. Characterization of bound water in skin hydrators prepared with and without a 3D3P interpenetrating polymer network. Skin Res Technol 2018; 25:150-157. [PMID: 30112768 PMCID: PMC7379968 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been considered the gold standard ingredient for improving skin hydration and combating age‐related effects, however it is an inefficient polymer with inconsistent results partially due to its poor skin penetration, surface deposition, and rapid degradation. Herein we report the synthesis and in vitro characterization of a newly developed, topical super‐humectant with the goal of attracting and binding water molecules more efficiently than traditional, cosmetic‐grade forms of HA. Methods A modified interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) was developed using three polymers into a three‐dimensional formation (3D3P) for entrapping HA and water. This 3D3P‐IPN functions as a super‐humectant, attracting and binding water molecules more efficiently than the traditional cosmetic‐grade forms of HA. We compare 3D3P‐IPN serum samples to a traditional commercial benchmark product of similar ingredients using microscopic analysis, rheology, Karl Fischer (KF) titration, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) techniques. Results The 3D3P‐IPN samples appeared to bind water tighter than the benchmark sample as evidenced by maximum endpoints of endotherms occurring at significantly higher temperatures. The DVS results further confirm this speculation as the 3D3P‐IPN samples lost approximately 10% less water up to 35% RH than the benchmark. The 3D3P‐IPN samples also absorbed more water as the humidity level increased,demonstrating superior humectant properties. KF titration indicated that all three samples had similar water concentrations; however, TGA results demonstrated that the benchmark (a viscous, humectant‐rich hydrating masque) did not have much bound water. Conclusion Through the synthesis of a 3D3P‐IPN using simplified methods, we were able to increase the water‐binding and HA‐delivery capabilities of a thin serum. This 3D3P‐IPN serum has potential to deliver more hydration to the skin's surface compared to traditional HA formulations.
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Chen P, Terenzi C, Furó I, Berglund LA, Wohlert J. Hydration-Dependent Dynamical Modes in Xyloglucan from Molecular Dynamics Simulation of 13C NMR Relaxation Times and Their Distributions. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2567-2579. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Terenzi
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - István Furó
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bleached extruder chemi-mechanical pulp fiber-PLA composites: Comparison of mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties with those of wood flour-PLA bio-composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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IgG-loaded hyaluronan-based dissolving microneedles for intradermal protein delivery. J Control Release 2015; 218:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Albèr C, Engblom J, Falkman P, Kocherbitov V. Hydration of Hyaluronan: Effects on Structural and Thermodynamic Properties. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4211-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Albèr
- Biomedical Science, Faculty
of Health and Society and Biofilms −
Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Engblom
- Biomedical Science, Faculty
of Health and Society and Biofilms −
Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Falkman
- Biomedical Science, Faculty
of Health and Society and Biofilms −
Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Vitaly Kocherbitov
- Biomedical Science, Faculty
of Health and Society and Biofilms −
Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
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