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Huang ML, Yen PL, Chang CH, Liao VHC. Chronic di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure leads to dopaminergic neuron degeneration through mitochondrial dysfunction in C. elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119574. [PMID: 35671892 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is frequently detected in the environment due to the abundance of its use. These levels might be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Phthalates have been associated with neurological disorders, yet whether chronic DEHP exposure plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) or its underlying mechanisms is unknown. We investigated the effects of chronic DEHP exposure less than an environmentally-relevant dose on PD hallmarks, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. We show that developmental stage and exposure timing influence DEHP-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration. In addition, in response to chronic DEHP exposure at 5 mg/L, mitochondrial fragmentation became significantly elevated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, and ATP levels decreased, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs. Furthermore, the data show that mitochondrial complex I (nuo-1 and gas-1) and complex II (mev-1) are involved in DEHP-induced dopaminergic neuron toxicity. These results suggest that chronic exposure to DEHP at levels less than an environmentally-relevant dose causes dopaminergic neuron degeneration through mitochondrial dysfunction involving mitochondrial complex I and II. Considering the high level of genetic conservation between C. elegans and mammals, chronic DEHP exposure might elevate the risk of developing PD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lun Huang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Yen
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Dutta A, Phukan BC, Roy R, Mazumder MK, Paul R, Choudhury A, Kumar D, Bhattacharya P, Nath J, Kumar S, Borah A. Garcinia morella extract confers dopaminergic neuroprotection by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunctions and inflammation in mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1887-1900. [PMID: 35622265 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neuroprotection is the main interest in designing novel therapeutics against Parkinson's disease (PD). In the process of dopaminergic degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunctions and inflammation are significant. While the existing drugs provide symptomatic relief against PD, a therapy conferring total neuroprotection by targeting multiple degenerative pathways is still lacking. Garcinia morella is a common constituent of Ayurvedic medication and has been used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. The present study investigates whether administration of G. morella fruit extract (GME) in MPTP mouse model of PD protects against dopaminergic neurodegeneration, including the underlying pathophysiologies, and reverses the motor behavioural abnormalities. Administration of GME prevented the loss of dopaminergic cell bodies in the substantia nigra and its terminals in the corpus striatum of PD mice. Subsequently, reversal of parkinsonian behavioural abnormalities, viz. akinesia, catalepsy, and rearing, was observed along with the recovery of striatal dopamine and its metabolites in the experimental model. Furthermore, reduced activity of the mitochondrial complex II in the nigrostriatal pathway of brain of the mice was restored after the administration of GME. Also, MPTP-induced enhanced activation of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the nigrostriatal pathway, which are the markers of inflammatory stress, were found to be ameliorated on GME treatment. Thus, our study presented a novel mode of dopaminergic neuroprotection by G. morella in PD by targeting the mitochondrial dysfunctions and neuroinflammation, which are considered to be intricately associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankumoni Dutta
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
- Department of Zoology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), Behali, Biswanath, Assam, India
| | - Banashree Chetia Phukan
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rubina Roy
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | | | - Rajib Paul
- Department of Zoology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), Eraligool, Karimganj, Assam, India
| | | | - Diwakar Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Joyobrato Nath
- Department of Zoology, Cachar College, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India.
| | - Anupom Borah
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India.
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Jakoube P, Cutano V, González-Morena JM, Keckesova Z. Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressors-The Energetic Enemies of Tumor Progression. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4652-4667. [PMID: 34183354 PMCID: PMC9397617 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressors represent a critical line of defense against tumorigenesis. Their mechanisms of action and the pathways they are involved in provide important insights into cancer progression, vulnerabilities, and treatment options. Although nuclear and cytosolic tumor suppressors have been extensively investigated, relatively little is known about tumor suppressors localized within the mitochondria. However, recent research has begun to uncover the roles of these important proteins in suppressing tumorigenesis. Here, we review this newly developing field and summarize available information on mitochondrial tumor suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Jakoube
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Valentina Cutano
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Juan M. González-Morena
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Keckesova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Corresponding Author: Zuzana Keckesova, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 16000, Czech Republic. Phone: 420-2201-83584; E-mail:
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Naser AFA, Aziz WM, Ahmed YR, Khalil WKB, Hamed MAA. Parkinsonism-like disease induced by rotenone in rats: Treatment role of curcumin, dopamine agonist and adenosine A2A receptor antagonist. Curr Aging Sci 2021; 15:65-76. [PMID: 34042043 DOI: 10.2174/1874609814666210526115740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects elderly people worldwide. METHODS Curcumin, adenosine A2AR antagonist (ZM241385) and Sinemet® (L-dopa) were evaluated against Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by rotenone in rats and comparativelyrelatively compared with our previous study on mice model. RESULTS Rats injected with rotenone showed severe alterations in adenosine A2A receptor gene expression, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediator, energetic indices, apoptotic marker and DNA fragmentation levels as compare with the control group. Treatments with curcumin, ZM241385, and Sinemet® restored all the selected parameters. The brain histopathological features of cerebellum regions confirmed our results. By comparing our results with the previous results on mice, we noticed that mice respond to rotenone toxicity and treatments more than rats regarding to behavioral observation, A2AR gene expression, neurotransmitter levels, inflammatory mediator and apoptotic markers, while rats showed higher response to treatments regarding to oxidative stress and energetic indices. CONCLUSION Curcumin succeeded to attenuate the severe effects of Parkinson's disease in rat model and can be consider as a potential dietary supplement. Adenosine A2AR antagonist has almost the same pattern of improvement as Sinemet® and may be considered as a promising therapy against PD. By comparing the role of animal species in response to PD symptoms and treatments, our previous report on mice explore the response of mice to rotenone toxicity than rats, while rats showed higher response to treatments. Therefore, no animal model can perfectly recapitulate all the pathologies of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wessam Magdi Aziz
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yomna Rashad Ahmed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Fazzari M, Audano M, Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Loberto N, Mauri L, Mitro N, Sonnino S, Chiricozzi E. The oligosaccharide portion of ganglioside GM1 regulates mitochondrial function in neuroblastoma cells. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:293-306. [PMID: 32266604 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The crucial role of ganglioside GM1 in the regulation of neural homeostasis has been assessed by several studies. Recently we shed new light on the molecular basis underlying GM1 effects demonstrating that GM1 oligosaccharide directly binds TrkA receptor and triggers MAPK pathway activation leading to neuronal differentiation and protection. Following its exogenous administration, proteomic analysis revealed an increased expression of proteins involved in several biochemical mechanisms, including mitochondrial bioenergetics. Based on these data, we investigated the possible effect of GM1 oligosaccharide administration on mitochondrial function. We show that wild-type Neuro2a cells exposed to GM1 oligosaccharide displayed an increased mitochondrial density and an enhanced mitochondrial activity together with reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Interestingly, using a Neuro2a model of mitochondrial dysfunction, we found an increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate as well as increased complex I and II activities upon GM1 oligosaccharide administration. Taken together, our data identify GM1 oligosaccharide as a mitochondrial regulator that by acting at the plasma membrane level triggers biochemical signaling pathway inducing mitochondriogenesis and increasing mitochondrial activity. Although further studies are necessary, the capability to enhance the function of impaired mitochondria points to the therapeutic potential of the GM1 oligosaccharide for the treatment of pathologies where these organelles are compromised, including Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy.
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy.
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Hamed MA, Aboul Naser AF, Aziz WM, Ibrahim FM, Ali SA, El-Rigal NS, Khalil WK. Natural sources, dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic agents for therapeutic assessment of Parkinsonism in rats model. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2019.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Motawi TK, Sadik NAH, Hamed MA, Ali SA, Khalil WKB, Ahmed YR. Potential therapeutic effects of antagonizing adenosine A2A receptor, curcumin and niacin in rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease mice model. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 465:89-102. [PMID: 31820278 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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