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Alsabbagh MM. Cytokines in psoriasis: From pathogenesis to targeted therapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110814. [PMID: 38768527 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that affects 0.84% of the global population and it can be associated with disabling comorbidities. As patients present with thick scaly lesions, psoriasis was long believed to be a disorder of keratinocytes. Psoriasis is now understood to be the outcome of the interaction between immunological and environmental factors in individuals with genetic predisposition. While it was initially thought to be solely mediated by cytokines of type-1 immunity, namely interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 because it responds very well to cyclosporine, a reversible IL-2 inhibitor; the discovery of Th-17 cells advanced the understanding of the disease and helped the development of biological therapy. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the role of cytokines in psoriasis, highlighting areas of controversy and identifying the connection between cytokine imbalance and disease manifestations. It also presents the approved targeted treatments for psoriasis and those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders and Department of Molecular Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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2
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Liu HM, Cheng MY, Xun MH, Zhao ZW, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng J, Ni J, Wang W. Possible Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043755. [PMID: 36835162 PMCID: PMC9962998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the greatest defense organ of the body, the skin is exposed to endogenous and external stressors that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the antioxidant system of the body fails to eliminate ROS, oxidative stress is initiated, which results in skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. Two main possible mechanisms underlie oxidative stress-induced skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. One mechanism is that ROS directly degrade biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipids, that are essential for cell metabolism, survival, and genetics. Another one is that ROS mediate signaling pathways, such as MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Nrf2, and SIRT1/FOXO, affecting cytokine release and enzyme expression. As natural antioxidants, plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit a therapeutic potential. We here discuss in detail the therapeutic potential of selected polyphenolic compounds and outline relevant molecular targets. Polyphenols selected here for study according to their structural classification include curcumin, catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, ellagic acid, and procyanidins. Finally, the latest delivery of plant polyphenols to the skin (taking curcumin as an example) and the current status of clinical research are summarized, providing a theoretical foundation for future clinical research and the generation of new pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Meng-Han Xun
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jia Ni
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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3
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Wang X, Liang Y, Wang H, Zhang B, Soong L, Cai J, Yi P, Fan X, Sun J. The Protective Role of IL-36/IL-36R Signal in Con A-Induced Acute Hepatitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:861-869. [PMID: 35046104 PMCID: PMC8830780 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The IL-36 family, including IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and IL-36R antagonist, belong to the IL-1 superfamily. It was reported that IL-36 plays a role in immune diseases. However, it remains unclear how IL-36 regulates inflammation. To determine the role of IL-36/IL-36R signaling pathways, we established an acute hepatitis mouse model (C57BL/6) by i.v. injection of the plant lectin Con A. We found that the levels of IL-36 were increased in the liver after Con A injection. Our results demonstrated the infiltrated neutrophils, but not the hepatocytes, were the main source of IL-36 in the liver. Using the IL-36R-/- mouse model (H-2b), we surprisingly found that the absence of IL-36 signals led to aggravated liver injury, as evidenced by increased mortality, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and severe liver pathological changes. Further investigations demonstrated that a lack of IL-36 signaling induced intrahepatic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, IL-36R-/- mice had reduced T regulatory cell numbers and chemokines in the liver. Together, our results from the mouse model suggested a vital role of IL-36 in regulating T cell function and homeostasis during liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; and
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Jiyang Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Panpan Yi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;
| | - Xuegong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX;
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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4
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Griffiths JS, Camilli G, Kotowicz NK, Ho J, Richardson JP, Naglik JR. Role for IL-1 Family Cytokines in Fungal Infections. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633047. [PMID: 33643264 PMCID: PMC7902786 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens kill approximately 1.5 million individuals per year and represent a severe disease burden worldwide. It is estimated over 150 million people have serious fungal disease such as recurrent mucosal infections or life-threatening systemic infections. Disease can ensue from commensal fungi or new infection and involves different fungal morphologies and the expression of virulence factors. Therefore, anti-fungal immunity is complex and requires coordination between multiple facets of the immune system. IL-1 family cytokines are associated with acute and chronic inflammation and are essential for the innate response to infection. Recent research indicates IL-1 cytokines play a key role mediating immunity against different fungal infections. During mucosal disease, IL-1R and IL-36R are required for neutrophil recruitment and protective Th17 responses, but function through different mechanisms. During systemic disease, IL-18 drives protective Th1 responses, while IL-33 promotes Th2 and suppresses Th1 immunity. The IL-1 family represents an attractive anti-fungal immunotherapy target. There is a need for novel anti-fungal therapeutics, as current therapies are ineffective, toxic and encounter resistance, and no anti-fungal vaccine exists. Furthering our understanding of the IL-1 family cytokines and their complex role during fungal infection may aid the development of novel therapies. As such, this review will discuss the role for IL-1 family cytokines in fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Griffiths
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Camilli
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia K Kotowicz
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jemima Ho
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P Richardson
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R Naglik
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Macleod T, Ainscough JS, Hesse C, Konzok S, Braun A, Buhl AL, Wenzel J, Bowyer P, Terao Y, Herrick S, Wittmann M, Stacey M. The Proinflammatory Cytokine IL-36γ Is a Global Discriminator of Harmless Microbes and Invasive Pathogens within Epithelial Tissues. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108515. [PMID: 33326792 PMCID: PMC7758160 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues represent vital interfaces between organisms and their environment. As they are constantly exposed to harmful pathogens, innocuous commensals, and environmental microbes, it is essential they sense and elicit appropriate responses toward these different types of microbes. Here, we demonstrate that the epithelial cytokine interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) acts as a global discriminator of pathogenic and harmless microbes via cell damage and proteolytic activation. We show that intracellular pro-IL-36γ is upregulated by both fungal and bacterial epithelial microbes; yet, it is only liberated from cells, and subsequently processed to its mature, potent, proinflammatory form, by pathogen-mediated cell damage and pathogen-derived proteases. This work demonstrates that IL-36γ senses pathogen-induced cell damage and proteolytic activity and is a key initiator of immune responses and pathological inflammation within epithelial tissues. As an apically located epithelial proinflammatory cytokine, we therefore propose that IL-36γ is critical as the initial discriminator of harmless microbes and invasive pathogens within epithelial tissues. Epithelial pathogens induce expression and release of IL-36γ Proteases secreted by several epithelial pathogens activate IL-36γ The A. fumigatus and S. pyogenes virulence factors Asp F13 and SpeB activate IL-36γ IL-36γ is a global sensor of pathogen-derived proteases during epithelial infection
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Macleod
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Joseph S Ainscough
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christina Hesse
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Konzok
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Buhl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn 53012, Germany
| | - Joerg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn 53012, Germany
| | - Paul Bowyer
- Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sarah Herrick
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Miriam Wittmann
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK.
| | - Martin Stacey
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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6
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Ge Y, Huang M, Dong N, Yao YM. Effect of Interleukin-36β on Activating Autophagy of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T cells and Its Immune Regulation in Sepsis. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:1517-1530. [PMID: 32421784 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an essential role in sepsis-induced immunosuppression. How, the effects of interleukin 36 (IL-36) cytokines on CD4+CD25+ Tregs and their underlying mechanism(s) in sepsis remain unknown. METHODS Our study was designed to investigate the impacts of IL-36 cytokines on murine CD4+CD25+ Tregs in presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in a mouse model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). IL-36-activated autophagy was evaluated by autophagy markers, autophagosome formation, and autophagic flux. RESULTS IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ were expressed in murine CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Stimulation of CD4+CD25+ Tregs with LPS markedly up-regulated the expression of these cytokines, particularly IL-36β. IL-36β strongly suppressed CD4+CD25+ Tregs under LPS stimulation and in septic mice challenged with CLP, resulting in the amplification of T-helper 1 response and the proliferation of effector T cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that IL-36β triggered autophagy of CD4+CD25+ Tregs. These effects were significantly attenuated in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or Beclin1 knockdown. In addition, early IL-36β administration reduced the mortality rate in mice subjected to CLP. Depletion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs before the onset of sepsis obviously abrogated IL-36β-mediated protection against sepsis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that IL-36β diminishes the immunosuppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ Tregs by activating the autophagic process, thereby contributing to improvement of the host immune response and prognosis in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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7
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Neurath MF. IL-36 in chronic inflammation and cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:70-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Han Y, Huard A, Mora J, da Silva P, Brüne B, Weigert A. IL-36 family cytokines in protective versus destructive inflammation. Cell Signal 2020; 75:109773. [PMID: 32898612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The IL-1 family of cytokines and receptors are critical regulators of inflammation. Within the IL-1 family and in contrast to its IL-1 and IL-18 subfamilies, the IL-36 subfamily is still poorly characterized. Three pro-inflammatory agonists IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, one IL-36 receptor (IL-1R6) antagonist, IL-36RA, and one putative IL-1R6 antagonist, IL-38, have been grouped into the IL-36 cytokine subfamily. IL-36 agonists signal through a common receptor complex to serve as early triggers of inflammatory responses by activating and cross-regulating a number of inflammatory pathways including NF-κB, MAPK and IFN signaling. IL-36RA binds to IL-1R6 to limit inflammatory signaling, while IL-38 may be an antagonist of more than one IL-1 family receptor. Expression patterns of IL-36 family cytokines, being most prominently expressed in epithelial barrier tissues such as the skin and intestines as well as in immune cells, suggest a role in protecting these barriers from infection. Dysregulation of IL-36 family cytokine signaling at physiological barriers, most prominently the skin, induces autoimmune inflammation. However, transferring the potential of IL-36 to induce tissue damage to tumors might benefit cancer patients. Here we summarize signaling pathways regulated by IL-36 family cytokines, including IL-38, and the consequences for physiological protective and pathophysiological destructive inflammation. Moreover, we discuss the limits of current knowledge on IL-36 family function to open potential avenues for research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Han
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institutions of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou, China; School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou, China
| | - Arnaud Huard
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Javier Mora
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 2060, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila da Silva
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60596, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60596, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.
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9
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Vázquez-Sánchez EA, Mendoza-Figueroa JS, Gutiérrez-Gonzalez G, Zapi-Colín LA, Torales-Cardeña A, Briseño-Lugo PE, Díaz-Toalá I, Cancino-Diaz JC, Pérez-Tapia SM, Cancino-Diaz ME, Gómez-Chávez F, Rodríguez-Martínez S. Heptapeptide HP3 acts as a potent inhibitor of experimental imiquimod‑induced murine psoriasis and impedes the trans‑endothelial migration of mononuclear cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:507-515. [PMID: 32377714 PMCID: PMC7248483 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the progression of psoriatic lesions, abundant cellular infiltration of myeloid cells, such as macrophages and activated dendritic cells, occurs in the skin and the infiltrating cells interact with naive lymphoid cells to generate a T helper (Th)1 and Th17 environment. Therapies to treat psoriasis include phototherapy, non-steroidal and steroidal drugs, as well as antibodies to block tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-17-A and IL-12/IL-23, which all focus on decreasing the proinflammatory hallmark of psoriasis. The present study obtained the heptapeptide HP3 derived from phage display technology that blocks mononuclear cell adhesion to endothelial cells and inhibits trans-endothelial migration in vitro. The activity of the heptapeptide in a murine model of psoriasis was also assessed, which indicated that early administration inhibited the development of psoriatic lesions. Therefore, the results suggested that HP3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto A Vázquez-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Department of Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)‑Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Department of Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)‑Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Luis A Zapi-Colín
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Department of Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)‑Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Azael Torales-Cardeña
- Department of Disciplinary Basic Formation, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía (ENMyH)‑IPN, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Paola E Briseño-Lugo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Health Science Section, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 54740, Mexico
| | - Iván Díaz-Toalá
- Department of Computational Systems Engineering, Escuela Superior de Cómputo‑IPN, México City 07738, Mexico
| | - Juan C Cancino-Diaz
- Laboratory of Immunomicrobiology, Department of Microbiology, ENCB‑IPN, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Sonia M Pérez-Tapia
- National Laboratory for Specialized Services for Research, Development and Innovation for Pharmacochemistry and Biotechnology products, ENCB‑IPN, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Mario E Cancino-Diaz
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Department of Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)‑Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Fernando Gómez-Chávez
- Department of Disciplinary Basic Formation, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía (ENMyH)‑IPN, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Department of Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)‑Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
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10
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Qu Q, Zhai Z, Xu J, Li S, Chen C, Lu B. IL36 Cooperates With Anti-CTLA-4 mAbs to Facilitate Antitumor Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:634. [PMID: 32351508 PMCID: PMC7174717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great impact on long-term survival of some cancer patients, the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is limited by its low response rates for most cancers. There is a pressing need for novel combination immunotherapies that overcome the resistance to current ICB therapies. Cytokines play a pivotal role in tumor immunotherapy by helping initiating and driving antitumor immune responses. Here, we demonstrated that, besides conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, IL36 surprisingly increased the number of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells in vivo and enhanced proliferation of Tregs in vitro. Administration of CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) strongly enhanced IL36-stimulated antitumor activities through depletion of Tregs. In addition, a cancer gene therapy using the IL36-loaded nanoparticles in combination with CTLA-4 mAbs additively reduced lung metastasis of breast tumor cells. We further showed that the combined therapy of CTLA-4 mAbs and IL36 led to an increase in proliferation and IFN-γ production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when compared to single therapy with CTLA-4 mAbs or IL36. Collectively, our findings demonstrated a new combination therapy that could improve the clinical response to ICB immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Qu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Zhiwei Zhai
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jieni Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Binfeng Lu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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11
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Yuan ZC, Xu WD, Liu XY, Liu XY, Huang AF, Su LC. Biology of IL-36 Signaling and Its Role in Systemic Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2532. [PMID: 31736959 PMCID: PMC6839525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-36 is a member of the IL-1 superfamily and includes three agonists (IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ) and an antagonist (IL-36Ra). IL-36 agonists bind to heterodimeric receptor complexes. Then, the heterotrimer complexes signal via intracellular functional domains, binding to downstream signaling proteins and inducing inflammatory responses. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge about the biological role of IL-36 and its correlation with systemic inflammatory diseases. The information collected will help to increase the understanding of the potential of IL-36 and may give clues for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Yuan
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xing-You Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
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IL-36 Cytokines: Regulators of Inflammatory Responses and Their Emerging Role in Immunology of Reproduction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071649. [PMID: 30987081 PMCID: PMC6479377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The IL-36 subfamily of cytokines has been recently described as part of the IL-1 superfamily. It comprises three pro-inflammatory agonists (IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ), their receptor (IL-36R), and one antagonist (IL-36Ra). Although expressed in a variety of cells, the biological relevance of IL-36 cytokines is most evident in the communication between epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, which constitute the common triad responsible for the initiation, maintenance, and expansion of inflammation. The immunological role of IL-36 cytokines was initially described in studies of psoriasis, but novel evidence demonstrates their involvement in further immune and inflammatory processes in physiological and pathological situations. Preliminary studies have reported a dynamic expression of IL-36 cytokines in the female reproductive tract throughout the menstrual cycle, as well as their association with the production of immune mediators and cellular recruitment in the vaginal microenvironment contributing to host defense. In pregnancy, alteration of the placental IL-36 axis has been reported upon infection and pre-eclampsia suggesting its pivotal role in the regulation of maternal immune responses. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the regulatory mechanisms and biological actions of IL-36 cytokines, their participation in different inflammatory conditions, and the emerging data on their potential role in normal and complicated pregnancies.
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Culprit Drugs Induce Specific IL-36 Overexpression in Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:848-858. [PMID: 30395846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe adverse cutaneous drug reaction. Although an involvement of drug-specific T cells has been reported, the physiopathology of AGEP and mechanism of neutrophilic skin inflammation remain incompletely understood. Recently, mutations in IL-36RN, the gene encoding the IL-36 receptor antagonist, have been reported to be more frequent in AGEP patients and pustular psoriasis. Here, we show that IL-36 cytokines, in particular IL-36γ, are highly expressed in lesional skin of AGEP patients, keratinocytes and macrophages being a major source of IL-36γ. Such an IL-36γ overexpression was not observed in patients with drug-induced maculopapular rash. In vitro, the causative drug specifically induced IL-36γ release either directly by the patient's peripheral blood monocytes or indirectly by keratinocytes in the presence of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Such culprit drug induction of IL-36γ secretion in vitro was specific for AGEP and involved toll-like receptor 4 sensing the drug/albumin complex as a danger signal. Our results suggest that IL-36γ secretion by monocytes/macrophages and keratinocytes in response to culprit drug exposure likely plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AGEP.
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Bridgewood C, Fearnley GW, Berekmeri A, Laws P, Macleod T, Ponnambalam S, Stacey M, Graham A, Wittmann M. IL-36γ Is a Strong Inducer of IL-23 in Psoriatic Cells and Activates Angiogenesis. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535706 PMCID: PMC5834930 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-1 family member cytokine IL-36γ is recognised as key mediator in the immunopathology of psoriasis, hallmarks of which involve the activation of both resident and infiltrating inflammatory myeloid cells and aberrant angiogenesis. This research demonstrates a role for IL-36γ in both myeloid activation and angiogenesis. We show that IL-36γ induces the production of psoriasis-associated cytokines from macrophages (IL-23 and TNFα) and that this response is enhanced in macrophages from psoriasis patients. This effect is specific for IL-36γ and could not be mimicked by other IL-1 family cytokines such as IL-1α. IL-36γ was also demonstrated to induce endothelial tube formation and branching, in a VEGF-A-dependent manner. Furthermore, IL-36γ-stimulated macrophages potently activated endothelial cells and led to increased adherence of monocytes, effects that were markedly more pronounced for psoriatic macrophages. Interestingly, regardless of stimulus, psoriasis monocytes showed increased adherence to both the stimulated and unstimulated endothelium when compared with monocytes from healthy individuals. Collectively, these findings show that IL-36γ has the potential to enhance endothelium directed leucocyte infiltration into the skin and strengthen the IL-23/IL-17 pathway adding to the growing evidence of pathogenetic roles for IL-36γ in psoriatic responses. Our findings also point to a cellular response, which could potentially explain cardiovascular comorbidities in psoriasis in the form of endothelial activation and increased monocyte adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Bridgewood
- Centre of Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth W Fearnley
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Berekmeri
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Laws
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Macleod
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Stacey
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Graham
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Wittmann
- Centre of Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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15
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Swindell WR, Beamer MA, Sarkar MK, Loftus S, Fullmer J, Xing X, Ward NL, Tsoi LC, Kahlenberg MJ, Liang Y, Gudjonsson JE. RNA-Seq Analysis of IL-1B and IL-36 Responses in Epidermal Keratinocytes Identifies a Shared MyD88-Dependent Gene Signature. Front Immunol 2018; 9:80. [PMID: 29434599 PMCID: PMC5796909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-36 cytokines have recently emerged as mediators of inflammation in autoimmune conditions including psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) and generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP). This study used RNA-seq to profile the transcriptome of primary epidermal keratinocytes (KCs) treated with IL-1B, IL-36A, IL-36B, or IL-36G. We identified some early IL-1B-specific responses (8 h posttreatment), but nearly all late IL-1B responses were replicated by IL-36 cytokines (24 h posttreatment). Type I and II interferon genes exhibited time-dependent response patterns, with early induction (8 h) followed by no response or repression (24 h). Altogether, we identified 225 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with shared responses to all 4 cytokines at both time points (8 and 24 h). These involved upregulation of ligands (IL1A, IL1B, and IL36G) and activating proteases (CTSS) but also upregulation of inhibitors such as IL1RN and IL36RN. Shared IL-1B/IL-36 DEGs overlapped significantly with genes altered in PsV and GPP skin lesions, as well as genes near GWAS loci linked to autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases (e.g., PsV, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and primary biliary cholangitis). Inactivation of MyD88 adapter protein using CRISPR/Cas9 completely abolished expression responses of such DEGs to IL-1B and IL-36G stimulation. These results provide a global view of IL-1B and IL-36 expression responses in epidermal KCs with fine-scale characterization of time-dependent and cytokine-specific response patterns. Our findings support an important role for IL-1B and IL-36 in autoimmune or autoinflammatory conditions and show that MyD88 adaptor protein mediates shared IL-1B/IL-36 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Maria A Beamer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shannon Loftus
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joseph Fullmer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicole L Ward
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michelle J Kahlenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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16
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Increased Expression of Interleukin-36, a Member of the Interleukin-1 Cytokine Family, in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:303-14. [PMID: 26752465 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-36 (IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ) is a recently reported member of the IL-1 cytokine family. In this study, we investigated IL-36 expression in the inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and characterized the proinflammatory actions of IL-36 cytokines in human colonic epithelial cells. METHODS IL-36 mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time PCR. IL-36 protein expression was analyzed using immunoblotting and immunohistochemical technique. Intracellular signaling pathways were evaluated by immunoblotting and by specific siRNA-transfected cells. RESULTS The mRNA expression of IL-36α and IL-36γ, but not of IL-36β, was enhanced in the inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, in particular, in ulcerative colitis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that T cells, monocytes, and plasma cells are the source of IL-36α and IL-36γ in colonic mucosa. DNA microarray analysis indicated that IL-36α induces the mRNA expression of CXC chemokines and acute phase proteins in intestinal epithelial cell line, HT-29 cells. IL-36α and IL-36γ dose-dependently and time-dependently induced the mRNA and protein expression of CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3 etc.) in HT-29 and Widr cells. Stimulation with IL-36α and IL-36γ assembled MyD88 adaptor proteins (MyD88, TRAF6, IRAK1, and TAK1) into a complex and induced the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 and also the phosphorylation of MAPKs. MAPK inhibitors and siRNAs specific for NF-κB and c-Jun AP-1 significantly reduced IL-36-induced CXC chemokine expression. CONCLUSIONS IL-36α and IL-36γ may play a proinflammatory role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease through induction of CXC chemokines and acute phase proteins.
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Kanda T, Nishida A, Takahashi K, Hidaka K, Imaeda H, Inatomi O, Bamba S, Sugimoto M, Andoh A. Interleukin(IL)-36α and IL-36γ Induce Proinflammatory Mediators from Human Colonic Subepithelial Myofibroblasts. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:69. [PMID: 26442271 PMCID: PMC4585048 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines are recently reported member of the IL-1 cytokine family. However, there is little information regarding the association between IL-36 cytokines and gut inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the biological activity of IL-36α and IL-36γ using human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs). METHODS The mRNA expression and the protein expression of target molecules in SEMFs were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The intracellular signaling of IL-36 cytokines was analyzed using Western blot analysis and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for MyD88 adaptor proteins (MyD88 and IRAK1) and NF-κB p65. RESULTS IL-36α and IL-36γ significantly enhanced the secretion of IL-6 and CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL8) by SEMFs. The combination of IL-36α/γ and IL-17A or of IL-36α/γ and tumor necrosis factor-α showed a synergistic effect on the induction of IL-6 and CXC chemokines. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators induced by IL-36α and/or IL-36γ was significantly suppressed by transfection of siRNA for MyD88 or IRAK1. Both inhibitors of mitogen activated protein kinases and siRNAs specific for NF-κBp65 significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 and CXC chemokines induced by IL-36α and/or IL-36γ. CONCLUSION These results suggest that IL-36α and IL-36γ contribute to gut inflammation through the induction of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kanda
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Hidaka
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Imaeda
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Osamu Inatomi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Shigeki Bamba
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | | | - Akira Andoh
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
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18
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Wang X, Zhao X, Feng C, Weinstein A, Xia R, Wen W, Lv Q, Zuo S, Tang P, Yang X, Chen X, Wang H, Zang S, Stollings L, Denning TL, Jiang J, Fan J, Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Storkus W, Lu B. IL-36γ Transforms the Tumor Microenvironment and Promotes Type 1 Lymphocyte-Mediated Antitumor Immune Responses. Cancer Cell 2015; 28:296-306. [PMID: 26321222 PMCID: PMC4573903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines play a pivotal role in regulating tumor immunogenicity and antitumor immunity. IL-36γ is important for the IL-23/IL-17-dominated inflammation and anti-BCG Th1 immune responses. However, the impact of IL-36γ on tumor immunity is unknown. Here we found that IL-36γ stimulated CD8(+) T cells, NK cells, and γδ T cells synergistically with TCR signaling and/or IL-12. Importantly, IL-36γ exerted profound antitumor effects in vivo and transformed the tumor microenvironment in favor of tumor eradication. Furthermore, IL-36γ strongly increased the efficacy of tumor vaccination. Moreover, IL-36γ expression inversely correlated with the progression of human melanoma and lung cancer. Our study establishes a role of IL-36γ in promoting antitumor immune responses and suggests its potential clinical translation into cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Aliyah Weinstein
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Quansheng Lv
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuting Zuo
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Peijun Tang
- Department of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital for Infectious Diseases of Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Peking 100084, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shayang Zang
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lindsay Stollings
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Timothy L Denning
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity, and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh PA 15240, USA
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yibei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Walter Storkus
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Binfeng Lu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Lipoxin A4 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced production of inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes by up-regulating SOCS2 and down-regulating TRAF6. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:426-431. [PMID: 26072084 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liopxin A4 (LXA4) is considered to be a crucial modulator in the inflammatory responses. In the present study, we aimed to study the effect of LXA4 on the inflammatory cytokines production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the possible mechanism in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). NHEKs were isolated and cultured. The expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), LXA4 receptor (ALXR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in NHEKs was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mRNA and protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were determined in NHEKs stimulated by LPS (10 μg/mL) with or without preincubation with LXA4 (100 nmol/L) for 30 min by real-time quantitative PCR (real-time qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and suppressors of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) mRNAs and proteins, and nuclear translocation of NF-kB-p65 were measured by real-time qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. The results showed that NHEKs expressed TLR4, ALXR and AhR. LXA4 significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and TRAF6 induced by LPS in NHEKs, and LXA4 obviously increased the expression of SOCS2 at mRNA and protein levels. The nuclear NF-kB-p65 protein expression induced by LPS was inhibited after preincubation with LXA4 in NHEKs. It was concluded that LXA4 inhibits the LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-1β in NHEKs by up-regulating SOCS2 and down-regulating TRAF6.
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Abstract
The inflammatory status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been heavily investigated in recent years. Chemokine- and cytokine-signaling pathways such as CCR7, CXCR5, lymphotoxin, and IL-36, which are involved in the generation of secondary lymphoid organs and effector immune responses, are now recognized as having value both as prognostic factors and as immunomodulatory therapeutics in the context of cancer. Furthermore, when produced in the TME, these mediators have been shown to promote the recruitment of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and other specialized immune cell subsets such as follicular DCs and T follicular helper cells, in association with the formation of "tertiary" lymphoid structures (TLSs) within or adjacent to sites of disease. Although TLSs are composed of a heterogeneous collection of immune cell types, whose composition differs based on cancer subtype, the qualitative presence of TLSs has been shown to represent a biomarker of good prognosis for cancer patients. A comprehensive understanding of the role each of these pathways plays within the TME may support the rational design of future immunotherapies to selectively promote/bolster TLS formation and function, leading to improved clinical outcomes across the vast range of solid cancer types.
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IL-36γ (IL-1F9) Is a Biomarker for Psoriasis Skin Lesions. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1025-1032. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu MW, Su MX, Zhang W, Wang YQ, Chen M, Wang L, Qian CY. Protective effect of Xuebijing injection on paraquat-induced pulmonary injury via down-regulating the expression of p38 MAPK in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:498. [PMID: 25511395 PMCID: PMC4301062 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Exposure to paraquat results in acute lung injury. A systemic inflammatory response has been widely established as a contributor to paraquat-induced acute lung injury. Recent studies have reported that consumption of Xuebijing prevents inflammatory response-induced diseases. This study investigated whether consumption of Xuebijing protected rats against paraquat-induced acute lung injury. Methods Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group; paraquat group; paraquat + Xuebijing group; and paraquat + dexamethasone group. Rats in the paraquat, paraquat + Xuebijing and paraquat + dexamethasone groups were intraperitoneally injected with paraquat (30 mg/kg) or administered paraquat and Xuebijing at 8 mL/kg or dexamethasone at 5 mg/kg, respectively, via an injection into the tail vein. Lung p38 MAPK, NF-κB65, IkB, p-IκB-α, HIF-1α, Nrf2 and TGF-β1 expression were essayed using western blotting. IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β1 and PIIIP were measured using ELISA. ROS, oxidised glutathione and glutathione activity were measured. Results After inducing acute lung injury with paraquat for 24 h, Xuebijing was observed to block lung p-p38 MAPK, NF-κB65, HIF-1α, p-IκB-α and TGF-β1 expression, and increased Nrf2 and IkB expression. The numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes and total number of cells were significantly lower in the Xuebijing group compared with the control group. IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β1 and PIIIP levels were significantly decreased in the Xuebijing group. ROS and oxidised glutathione activity were markedly inhibited by Xuebijing. Histological evaluation showed attenuation of the effects of Xuebijing on paraquat-induced lung injury. Compared with the paraquat + dexamethasone group, the Xuebijing + paraquat group showed no significant differences. Conclusions Inhibiting the expression of p38 MAPK and NF-κB65 was crucial for the protective effects of Xuebijing on paraquat-induced acute lung injury. The findings suggest that Xuebijing could effectively ameliorate paraquat-induced acute lung injury in rats. Xuebijing was as effective as dexamethasone at improving paraquat-induced lung injury by regulating lung inflammation, lung function and oxidative stress responses.
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