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Shuyuan L, Haoyu C. Mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside in the treatment of premature ventricular beats based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20741. [PMID: 38007574 PMCID: PMC10676380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyse the mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside in the treatment of Premature Ventricular Brats by using network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide the basis for developing the use of experimental and clinical traditional Chinese medicine. The chemical compositions of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma and Salidroside were determined, and their related targets were predicted. The disease-related targets were obtained by searching the common disease databases Genecards, OMIM, Drugbank and DisGeNET, and the intersection between the predicted targets and the disease targets was determined. Then using the STRING database to set up the protein‒protein interactions (PPIs) network between Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside and the common targets of PVB. An "herb-ingredient-target" network was constructed and analyzed by Cytoscape3.7.2 software. Using the metascape database to analysis the predicted therapeutic targets based on the GO and KEGG. Finally, molecular docking technology was used toconfirm the capacity of the primary active ingredients of the 2 herbs to bind to central targets using the online CB-Dock2 database. 41 active components of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside were detected, with 420 potential targets of action, with a total of 1688 PVB targets, and the top 10 core targets of herb-disease degree values were AKT1, TNF, GAPDH, SRC, PPARG, EGFR, PTGS2, ESR1, MMP9, and STAT3. KEGG analysis indicated that its mechanism may be related to the calcium signalling pathway, cancer signalling pathway, AGE-RAGE signalling pathway and other pathways. Molecular docking suggested that main of the active ingredients of the Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside pairs were well bound to the core targets. Based on novel network pharmacology and molecular docking validation research methods, we revealed for the first time the potential mechanism of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Salidroside in PVB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Shuyuan
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ShanDong, People's Republic of China, 250013
| | - Chen Haoyu
- Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ShanDong, People's Republic of China, 250011.
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Zhang J, Lv Y, Zhang J, Bai YS, Li MY, Wang SQ, Wang LL, Liu GX, Xu F, Shang MY, Cai SQ. Analysis of In Vivo Existence Forms of Nardosinone in Mice by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS Technique. Molecules 2022; 27:7267. [PMID: 36364095 PMCID: PMC9653913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nardosinone, a sesquiterpene peroxide, is one of the main active constituents of the ethnomedicine Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma, and it has many bioactivities, such as antiarrhythmia and cardioprotection. To elucidate its in vivo existence forms, its metabolism is first studied using mice. All urine and feces are collected during the six days of oral dosing of nardosinone, and blood is collected at one hour after the last dose. Besides, to validate some metabolites, a fast experiment is performed, in which nardosinone was orally administered and the subsequent one-hour urine is collected and immediately analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In total, 76 new metabolites are identified in this study, including 39, 51, and 12 metabolites in urine, plasma, and feces, respectively. Nardosinone can be converted into nardosinone acid or its isomers. The metabolic reactions of nardosinone included hydroxylation, hydrogenation, dehydration, glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation, and carboxylation. There are 56 and 20 metabolites with the structural skeleton of nardosinone and nardosinone acid, respectively. In total, 77 in vivo existence forms of nardosinone are found in mice. Nardosinone is mainly excreted in urine and is not detected in the feces. These findings will lay the foundation for further research of the in vivo effective forms of nardosinone and Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Sha Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shun-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Wen J, Liu L, Li J, He Y. A review of nardosinone for pharmacological activities. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174343. [PMID: 34265296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi is a natural medicinal plant that is widely used in Asia for the treatment of various neurological and cardiac diseases, and nardosinone is the main active ingredient of N. jatamansi, which has the potential to treat a variety of diseases. Herein, we summarize the reported chemical structure, pharmacokinetics and pharmacological potential of nardosinone, and point out areas for further research. We obtained studies that were related to the chemical structure and pharmacological activities of nardosinone from several databases. Previous studies have shown that nardosinone has anti-inflammatory effects, anti-hypertrophic effect in cardiomyocytes, enhances activity of the nerve growth factor and promotes neural stem cells to proliferate and differentiate. However, the molecular mechanism of how nardosinone promotes proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, and its role in resisting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remains unclear and needs to be further studied. Overall, nardosinone has the potential to treat bacterial infections, periodontitis, cardiac diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. However, the gaps found in the literature is the lack of more comprehensive information regarding the pharmacokinetics and toxicology of nardosinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Linqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Junjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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Zhao Z, Liu H, Guo D. Aliskiren attenuates cardiac dysfunction by modulation of the mTOR and apoptosis pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e8793. [PMID: 31994601 PMCID: PMC6984373 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aliskiren (ALS) is well known for its antihypertensive properties. However, the potential underlying the molecular mechanism and the anti-hypertrophic effect of ALS have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ALS in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and apoptosis signaling using in vivo and in vitro models of cardiac hypertrophy. A rat model of cardiac hypertrophy was induced by isoproterenol treatment (5 mg·kg-1·day-1) for 4 weeks, with or without ALS treatment at 20 mg·kg-1·day-1. The expression of hypertrophic, fibrotic, and apoptotic markers was determined by RT-qPCR. The protein expression of apoptotic markers mTOR and p-mTOR was assessed by western blot analysis. The proliferation of H9C2 cells was monitored using the MTS assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. In vivo, isoproterenol-treated rats exhibited worse cardiac function, whereas ALS treatment reversed these dysfunctions, which were associated with changes in p-mTOR, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 expression, as well as the number of apoptotic cells. In vitro, H9C2 cardiomyocyte viability was significantly inhibited and cardiac hypertrophy was induced by Ang II administration, but ALS reversed Ang II-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death. Furthermore, Ang II triggered the activation of the mTOR and apoptosis pathways in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes that were inhibited by ALS treatment. These results indicated that ALS alleviated cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of the mTOR and apoptosis pathways in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiulongpo District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jiulongpo District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanchuan District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Liu J, Meng Q, Liang X, Zhuang R, Yuan D, Ge X, Cao H, Lin F, Gong X, Fan H, Wang B, Zhou X, Liu Z. A novel small molecule compound VCP979 improves ventricular remodeling in murine models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:353-364. [PMID: 31789413 PMCID: PMC6984775 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent ventricular remodeling following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury results in functional decompensation and eventual progression to heart failure. VCP979, a novel small‑molecule compound developed in‑house, possesses anti‑inflammatory and anti‑fibrotic activities. In the present study, no significant pathological effect was observed following the administration of VCP979 on multiple organs in mice and no difference of aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase/lactate dehydrogenase levels was found in murine serum. Treatment with VCP979 ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, pathological myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy in murine MI/R injury models. The administration of VCP979 also inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the pro‑inflammatory cytokine expression in hearts post MI/R injury. Further results revealed that the addition of VCP979 prevented the primary neonatal cardiac fibroblasts (NCFs) from Angiotensin II (Ang II)‑induced collagen synthesis and neonatal cardiac myocytes (NCMs) hypertrophy. In addition, VCP979 attenuated the activation of p38‑mitogen‑activated protein kinase in both Ang II‑induced NCFs and hearts subjected to MI/R injury. These findings indicated that the novel small‑molecule compound VCP979 can improve ventricular remodeling in murine hearts against MI/R injury, suggesting its potential therapeutic function in patients subjected to MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Rulin Zhuang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Yuan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Hao Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Fang Lin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xin Gong
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Binghui Wang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Rehman T, Ahmad S. Nardostachys chinensis
Batalin: A review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2622-2648. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tayyeba Rehman
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative MedicineThe Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative MedicineThe Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative MedicineThe Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan
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Jahanifar F, Astani A, Shekarforoosh S, Jamhiri M, Safari F, Zarei F, Safari F. 1.25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Attenuates Hypertrophy Markers in Cardiomyoblast H9c2 Cells: Evaluation of Sirtuin3 mRNA and Protein Level. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 89:144-151. [PMID: 30856082 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: The cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardioprotective effects of Vitamin D are poorly understood. Given the essential role of sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) as an endogenous negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy, this study was designed to investigate the effect of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) on hypertrophy markers and SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels following angiotensin II induced - hypertrophy in cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells. Methods: Rat cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells were treated for 48 hr with angiotensin II alone (Ang group) or in combination with 1, 10 and 100 nM of calcitriol (C + Ang groups). Intact cells served as control (Ctl). The cell area was measured using methylene blue staining. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and SIRT3 transcription levels were measured by real time RT-PCR. SIRT3 protein expression was evaluated using western blot technique. Results: The results showed that in Ang group cell size was increase by 128.4 ± 15% (P < 0.001 vs. Ctl) whereas in C100 + Ang group it was increased by 21.3 ± 6% (P < 0.001 vs. Ang group). Calcitriol pretreatment decreased ANP mRNA level significantly (P < 0.05) in comparison with Ang group (Ang: 75.5 ± 15%, C100 + Ang: 19.2 ± 9%). There were no significant differences between Ang group and cells pretreated with 1 and 10 nM of calcitriol. SIRT3 at mRNA and protein levels did not change significantly among the experimental groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, pretreatment with calcitriol (100 nM) prevents Ang II-induced hypertrophy in cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells. This probably occurs through other pathways except SIRT3 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jahanifar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Akram Astani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Mohabbat Jamhiri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Farideh Zarei
- Premature Neonates Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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The Effects of Aqueous Extract from Nardostachys chinensis Batalin on Blood Pressure and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Two-Kidney One-Clip Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4031950. [PMID: 29234388 PMCID: PMC5660807 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4031950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the aqueous extract of Nardostachys chinensis Batalin (NCBAE) on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy using two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. Methods 2K1C rat models were set up by clipping the left renal artery. Sham-operated rats underwent the same surgical procedure except for renal arterial clipping. 2K1C hypertensive rats were orally given NCBAE at doses of 210, 420, and 630 mg·kg−1·d−1 for 6 weeks. Twelve weeks after surgery, rat SBP and echocardiographic parameters were measured, cardiac histopathology was assessed, serum NO and LDH were detected, and the expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 of left ventricular tissue was assessed by western blot. Results Treatment with NCBAE resulted in a decrease of SBP, LVPWd, LVPWs, IVSd, IVSs, LVW/BW ratio, and cardiomyocyte CSA, an increase of LVEF, and inhibition of 2K1C-induced reduction in serum NO and elevation of LDH compared with 2K1C group. NCBAE intervention also showed a significant increase of Bcl-2 expression and reduction of cleaved caspase-3 level dose-dependently in left ventricular tissue. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that NCBAE has an antihypertensive property and protective effect on 2K1C-induced cardiac hypertrophy especially at the dose of 630 mg·kg−1·d−1.
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Li M, Xu X, Yang X, Kwong JSW, Shang H. The cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects of Nardostachys chinensis in animal and cell experiments. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:398. [PMID: 28797251 PMCID: PMC5553922 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death throughout the world. An estimated 17.5 million people died from CVD in 2012, representing 31% of all global deaths. Nardostachys chinensis (NC), a typical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), plays a crucial role in the management of patients with CVD, especially for those with cardiac arrhythmia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects of NC in animal and cell experiments. Methods To review the cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects of NC, studies of NC on cardiovascular diseases in animal and cell experiments were identified from five databases through April 2016. Two investigators independently conducted the literature search, study selection, and data extraction. Results A total of 16 studies were identified, including five animal experiments and eleven cell experiments. Four studies showed significant effects of NC on myocardial protection by inhibiting myocardial apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Twelve studies indicated significant beneficial effects of NC in cardiac arrhythmia primarily through the modulation of ion channels (Ik, Ik1, INa, ICa-L, Ito). Conclusion The above findings showed the possible efficacy of NC via its cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects, but the results should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations and the deficiencies in the studies.
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Le VNH, Khong TQ, Na MK, Kim KT, Kang JS. An optimized HPLC-UV method for quantitatively determining sesquiterpenes in Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:406-413. [PMID: 28728067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma (NR), the root and rhizome from either Nardostachys jatamansi Batal or Nardostachys jatamansi DC, is known to have biological functions including neuro-protective and anti-pancreatitis activity. The main bioactive compounds within NR are all classified as sesquiterpenes, and include desoxo-narchinol A, nardosinonediol, and nardosinone. Although NR is a valuable herb that is widely used in many Asian countries, robust quality control protocols for NR are still in question, especially those that can analyze the three main active compounds. Current quantitative methods within the Chinese Pharmacopoeic use nardosinone as a marker compounds. One compound cannot represent a complicated matrix, and is thus insufficient to control the quality of this herbal medicine. Moreover, there are no high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods that can simultaneously analyze desoxo-narchinol A (DA), nardosinonediol (NE), and nardosinone (ND) within NR. This study aimed to establish an efficient quality control protocol by developing an analytical method that simultaneously detects the three sesquiterpenes with HPLC using response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize sample preparation. Optimized HPLC conditions included a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in water (A), and a 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (B) under an elution program of 20% B-80% B for 30min at 254nm. The method was well validated, demonstrating satisfactory linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, repeatability, and stability. Optimized conditions for creating the analytical sample were predicted by RSM using a Box-Behnken design. These conditions included reflux at 70°C for 3h using 24.98% ethanol as the extraction solvent (solvent: solid ratio=78.81mL/g). The relationship between the results between predicted and experimental conditions was well correlated, and varied between 96.48%-102.11%. Thus, our developed HPLC method, paired with optimized sample preparation conditions, accurately quantified all three sesquiterpenes, and may thus be a prospective means of controlling the quality of NR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Ngoc Han Le
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Trong Quan Khong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Six new sesquiterpenoids from Nardostachys chinensis Batal. Fitoterapia 2017; 119:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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12
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Asadi F, Razmi A, Dehpour AR, Shafiei M. Tropisetron inhibits high glucose-induced calcineurin/NFAT hypertrophic pathway in H9c2 myocardial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:485-93. [PMID: 26945895 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is an important structural feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) pathway plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tropisetron, a novel calcineurin inhibitor, on high glucose (HG)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and its underlying mechanism. METHODS H9c2 myocardial cells were treated with tropisetron or cyclosporine A 1 h before exposure to HG for 48 h. KEY FINDINGS Exposure to HG resulted in enhanced cell size, protein content and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) protein expression. HG significantly increased Ca(2+) level, calcineurin expression and nuclear translocation of NFATc4. Both tropisetron and cyclosporine A markedly prevented the hypertrophic characteristic features, calcineurin overexpression and nuclear localization of NFATc4 while intracellular Ca(2+) was not affected. CONCLUSION Our results showed that tropisetron may have protective effects against HG-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The mechanism responsible for this beneficial effect seems to be, at least in part, blockade of calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firouzeh Asadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Razmi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoumeh Shafiei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lu Z, Zhou P, Zhan Y, Su J, Yi D. Quantification of Nardosinone in Rat Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Its Pharmacokinetics Application. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1725-9. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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LI FANGFANG, YUAN YUAN, LIU YUAN, WU QINGQING, JIAO RONG, YANG ZHENG, ZHOU MENGQIAO, TANG QIZHU. Pachymic acid protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 pathways. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2807-13. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Xie F, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, Yang L, Lv D, Qin X, Li L, Chen L. A static pressure sensitive receptor APJ promote H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-autophagy pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:699-708. [PMID: 24966188 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is designed to investigate whether APJ receptor acts as a sensor in static pressure-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and to investigate the mechanism of PI3K-autophagy pathway. The left ventricular hypertrophy rat model was established by coarctation of abdominal aorta. H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in the presence of static pressure which was given by a custom-made pressure incubator. The results revealed that the expression of apelin/APJ system, PI3K, Akt and their phosphorylation were significantly increased in the operation group. Static pressure up-regulated the APJ expression, PI3K phosphorylation, Akt phosphorylation, LC3-II/I and beclin-1 expression in cardiomyocytes. APJ shRNA pGPU6/Neo-rat-399, PI3K inhibitor LY294002, Akt inhibitor 1701-1 blocked the up-regulation of APJ, PI3K phosphorylation, Akt phosphorylation, LC3-II/I and beclin-1 expression, respectively. Moreover, static pressure increased the diameter, volume, protein content of cells, and these could be reversed when the cells were treated with pGPU6/Neo-rat-399, LY294002, and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine, respectively. These results suggested that static pressure up-regulates APJ expression to promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by a PI3K-autophagy pathway.
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