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Wang X, Liu F, Cui Z, Li Z, Lv Y. Carboxypeptidase A6 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and is negatively regulated by miR-96–3p. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 740:109595. [PMID: 37011707 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor, and this study aims to explore the role and the regulatory mechanism of carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) in CRC cells. METHODS Specific shRNA targeting CPA6 mRNA was transfected into NCM460 and HT29 cells to down-regulate CPA expression, and expression plasmid was transfected into HCT116 cells to exogenously overexpress CPA6. The dual luciferase assay was used to detect the direct binding of miR-96-3p to CPA6 3'UTR. Phosphorylation and activation of Akt were detected using Western blot. Cells were treated with miR-96-3p mimics, Akt inhibitor (MK-2206) or agonist (SC79) for rescue experiments. The cell functions were evaluated using CCK-8, clone formation, transwell, and Western blot assays. Xenograft tumor assay was also used to analyze the effect of altered CPA6 expression on tumor growth. RESULTS Knockdown of CPA6 promoted the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion of NCM460 and HT29 cells in vitro, and the tumor growth of nude mouse xenograft tumor in vivo. Moreover, over-expression of CPA6 significantly inhibited the malignant proliferation and invasion of HCT116 cells in vitro, and the tumor growth of xenograft tumor in vivo. Furthermore, miR-96-3p could directly regulate CPA6 expression by targeting its 3'UTR, and miR-96-3p mimics rescued the inhibitory effects of CPA6 overexpression on the malignant proliferation and invasion of CRC cells. Finally, CPA6 knockdown enhanced Akt/mTOR phosphorylation and activation, while CPA6 overexpression inhibited Akt/mTOR activation. The regulatory effect of CPA6 on Akt/mTOR signaling was naturally regulated by miR-96-3p. Akt inhibitor or agonist rescued the effects of CPA6 knockdown or overexpression on proliferation and EMT of colon cancer cells. CONCLUSION CPA6 has a significant tumor suppressive effect on CRC by inhibiting the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling, and miR-96-3p negatively regulates the expression of CPA6.
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Zhang X, Zhao P, Li S, Ma S, Du J, Liang S, Yang X, Yao L, Duan J. Genome-Wide Identification of M14 Family Metal Carboxypeptidases in Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1285-1293. [PMID: 35640220 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The M14 family metal carboxypeptidase genes play an important role in digestion and pathogenic infections in the gut of insects. However, the roles of these genes in Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville, 1855) remain to be analyzed. In the present study, we cloned a highly expressed M14 metal carboxypeptidase gene (ApMCP1) found in the gut and discovered that it contained a 1,194 bp open reading frame encoding a 397-amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 45 kDa. Furthermore, 14 members of the M14 family metal carboxypeptidases (ApMCP1-ApMCP14) were identified in the A. pernyi genome, with typical Zn_pept domains and two Zn-anchoring motifs, and were further classified into M14A, M14B, and M14D subfamilies. Expression analysis indicated that ApMCP1 and ApMCP9 were mainly expressed in the gut. Additionally, we observed that ApMCP1 and ApMCP9 displayed opposite expression patterns after starvation, highlighting their functional divergence during digestion. Following natural infection with baculovirus NPV, their expression was significantly upregulated in the gut of A. pernyi. Our results suggest that the M14 family metal carboxypeptidase genes are conservatively digestive enzymes and evolutionarily involved in exogenous pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Sanyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jie Du
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Shimei Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Xinfeng Yang
- Laboratory of Tussah Genetics and Breeding, Henan Institute of Sericulture Science, Zhengzhou 450008, PR China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
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Xu T, Zhang Z, Chen H, Cai R, Yang Q, Liu Q, Fan Y, Liu W, Yao C. Carboxypeptidase N2 as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:843325. [PMID: 35686102 PMCID: PMC9170673 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.843325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carboxypeptidase N2 (CPN2) is a plasma metallo-protease that cleaves basic amino acids from the C-terminal of peptides and proteins. Emerging evidence showed that carboxypeptidases perform many diverse functions in the body and play key roles in tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of CPN2 in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. Our study aimed to explore the potential role and functions of CPN2 in lung adenocarcinoma. The results showed that the transcription level of CPN2 was significantly increased in the tumor tissues of lung adenocarcinoma patients compared to the adjacent normal tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (P < 0.05). The survival plots showed that the overall survival of patients with a high expression of CPN2 was significantly lower than that of patients with a low expression of CPN2, both in the Kaplan-Meier database and the clinical sample cohort (P < 0.05). The tissue microarray analysis found that CPN2 protein expression was significantly positively correlated with node status and tumor stage as well as tumor malignancy (P < 0.05). Further univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that CPN2 may act as an independent prognostic factor in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). In addition, the analysis of co-expression genes from LinkedOmics showed that CPN2 was positively associated with many genes of fibrillar collagen family members and the PI3K-Akt pathway. The gene set enrichment analysis showed that a higher expression of CPN2 may participate in mTOR, TGF-BETA, NOTCH, TOLL-like-receptor, WNT, and MAPK signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Notably, the knockdown of CPN2 significantly inhibited the ability of cell proliferation, clone formation, invasion, and migration. Our findings suggested that the upregulation of CPN2 is associated with a worse clinical outcome in lung adenocarcinoma and cancer-related pathways, which laid the foundation for further research on CPN2 during carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongqiang Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ruili Cai
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yahan Fan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Wang H, Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang F, Liu J, Zhao Q. Carboxypeptidase A6 was identified and validated as a novel potential biomarker for predicting the occurrence of active ulcerative colitis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8803-8813. [PMID: 32570281 PMCID: PMC7412415 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, highly heterogeneous intestinal inflammation with changes in epithelial function and tissue damage. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear between active UC and inactive UC. Herein, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was applied to explore the gene modules related to active UC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to further investigate the underlying mechanism of selected genes. We found that in the blue module (r = −.72), carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) was chosen to validate because of its high intra‐modular connectivity and module membership. In the test sets, the expression level of CPA6 was down‐regulated in active UC compared with inactive UC and normal colon. Furthermore, CPA6 expression was decreased primarily in the descending colon and only in mucosa affected by active UC. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that CPA6 expression had a performed well in diagnosing active UC from inactive UC (area under the curve = 0.99). Importantly, anti‐tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment (infliximab and golimumab) significantly increased the CPA6 expression. Finally, GSEA and GSVA found that extracellular matrix receptor, inflammatory response and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition were highly enriched in active UC with low CPA6 expression. In conclusion, CPA6 was identified and validated as a novel potential biomarker for predicting the occurrence of active UC, probably through regulating extracellular matrix or immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
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Tuoya AD, Wang DX, Xing YS, Liu RJ, Hu YX, Zhang MD, Bai TY, Lv XL, Li J, Chang FH. Relationship between Methylation of FHIT and CDH13 Gene Promoter Region and Liver Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:502-509. [PMID: 32474857 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to demonstrate the relationship between methylation of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and T-cadherin/H-cadherin (CDH13) genes and liver cancer, the methylation status of FHIT and CDH13 was detected in healthy individuals and in Mongolian and Han patients with liver cancer. The phenol-chloroform method was used to extract genomic DNA. The methylation specific polymerase chain reaction method was applied to detect the methylation status of FHIT and CDH13. The relationship between smoking and alcohol consumption and gene (FHIT and CDH13) methylation was analyzed. There was significant difference in methylation rate of FHIT (72.67%, 34.67%) and CDH13 (72.0%, 28.0%) between liver cancer patients and healthy individuals of Mongolian descent (P<0.05), as well as that of FHIT (68%, 30.67%) and CDH13 (64%, 26%) between liver cancer patients and healthy individuals of Han individuals (P<0.05). There was also a relationship between smoking and drinking and the methylation of FHIT and CDH13 (P<0.05). Thus, the methylation of FHIT and CDH13 had a relationship with liver cancer incidence. Smoking and alcohol ingestion may promote the methylation of FHIT and CDH13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Dun Tuoya
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Dong-Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Yu-Shu Xing
- The Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Rui-Jun Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Yu-Xia Hu
- The Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Meng-di Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Tu-Ya Bai
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xiao-Li Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China.,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Fu-Hou Chang
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China. .,The Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China. .,Inner Mongolia Research Center for Drug Screening, Hohhot, 010110, China.
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