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Pant T, Uche N, Juric M, Zielonka J, Bai X. Regulation of immunomodulatory networks by Nrf2-activation in immune cells: Redox control and therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103077. [PMID: 38359749 PMCID: PMC10877431 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases present a serious health challenge due to their widespread prevalence and the severe impact on patients' lives. In the quest to alleviate the burden of these diseases, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a pivotal player. As a transcription factor intimately involved in cellular defense against metabolic and oxidative stress, Nrf2's role in modulating the inflammatory responses of immune cells has garnered significant attention. Recent findings suggest that Nrf2's ability to alter the redox status of cells underlies its regulatory effects on immune responses. Our review delves into preclinical and clinical evidence that underscores the complex influence of Nrf2 activators on immune cell phenotypes, particularly in the inflammatory milieu. By offering a detailed analysis of Nrf2's role in different immune cell populations, we cast light on the potential of Nrf2 activators in shaping the immune response towards a more regulated state, mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation through modeling redox status of immune cells. Furthermore, we explore the innovative use of nanoencapsulation techniques that enhance the delivery and efficacy of Nrf2 activators, potentially advancing the treatment strategies for inflammatory ailments. We hope this review will stimulate the development and expansion of Nrf2-targeted treatments that could substantially improve outcomes for patients suffering from a broad range of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Nnamdi Uche
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Xiaowen Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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Bai B, Liu Q, Kong R, Jia Z, Chen H, Zhi W, Wang B, Ma C, Ma D. Role of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway on inhibiting activation of ChTLR15/ChNLRP3 inflammatory pathway stimulated by E. tenella sporozoites. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103445. [PMID: 38262340 PMCID: PMC10835464 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore whether Nrf2 antioxidant pathway negatively regulates the ChTLR15/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway stimulated by Eimeria tenella infection. Firstly, levels of molecules in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in DF-1 cells pre-treated with an optimized dose of Corilagine or probiotics Levilactobacillus brevis 23017 were quantified using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Then, DF-1 cells pre-treated with Corilagine or L. brevis 23017 were stimulated with E. tenella sporozoites, and mRNA levels of molecules in Nrf2/HO-1 and ChTLR15/NLRP3 pathways, protein levels of p-Nrf2, Nrf2, HO-1, ChTLR15 and ChNLRP3, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified. Further, expression level of Nrf2 and ChTLR15 in DF-1 cells was knocked down by RNA interfering (RNAi) method, and target cells were pre-treated with Corilagine or L. brevis 23017, followed by stimulation with E. tenella sporozoites, and the expression levels of key molecules in Nrf2/HO-1 and ChTLR15/NLRP3 pathways were quantified. The results showed that mRNA and protein levels of key molecules in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in DF-1 cells was significantly upregulated after pretreating with 15 μM Corilagine and supernatant of L. brevis 23017. After stimulating with E. tenella sporozoites, levels of molecules in the ChTLR15/NLRP3 pathway, levels of MDA and ROS in DF-1 cells pre-treated with 15 μM Corilagine or bacterial supernatant were all significantly down-regulated. The results from the knock-down experiment also displayed that Corrigine and L. brevis 23017 inhibited the activation of the ChTLR15/ChNLRP3 inflammatory pathway stimulated by E. tenella sporozoites through activating Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway. This study provides new ideas for the development of novel anticoccidial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrong Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuju Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhipeng Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunli Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexing Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Zhou H, Song S, Lan X, Li Y, Yuan X, Yang J, Li M, Cao T, Zhang J. Comprehensive Profiling of Mangiferin Metabolites In Vivo and In Vitro Based on the "Drug Metabolite Clusters" Analytical Strategy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9934-9946. [PMID: 36969398 PMCID: PMC10035007 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mangiferin, a natural flavonoid compound with multiple biological activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor), has gained increased research interest in recent years. Nevertheless, the metabolic processing of mangiferin has not been fully investigated. In this study, a rapid and efficient analytical strategy named "Drug Metabolite Clusters" was applied for comprehensive profiling of mangiferin metabolites in rat plasma, urine, and feces samples in vivo following oral administration and liver microsomes in vitro. First, the biological samples were pretreated with methanol, acetonitrile, and solid phase extraction (SPE) for further liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Second, the raw data were acquired using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole exactive orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS) under the positive and negative full-scan/dd MS2 modes. Third, mangiferin and its basic metabolites (norathyriol, trihydroxyxanthone, and dihydroxyxanthone) were selected as mangiferin metabolite cluster centers by referring to the relevant literature. Subsequently, according to the pyrolysis law of mass spectrometry, literature reports, and reference material comparison, especially the diagnostic product ions (DPIs), the candidate metabolites were accurately preliminarily identified, and mangiferin metabolite clusters based on metabolite cluster center changes were formed. As a result, a total of 67 mangiferin metabolites (mangiferin included) were detected, including 29 in plasma, 48 in urine, 12 in feces, and 6 in liver microsomes. Among them, trihydroxyxanthones were first detected in rat urine samples after oral mangiferin. We found that mangiferin mainly underwent deglucosylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and other composite reactions in rats. Herein, we have elucidated the metabolites and metabolic pathways of mangiferin in vivo and in vitro, which provided an essential theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies of mangiferin and a comprehensive research method for the identification of drug metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhou
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
| | - Shuyi Song
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Xianming Lan
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Min Li
- Yantai
Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264001, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
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Hao T, Chen C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Liang F. Mangiferin exerts neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia in mice by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:383-391. [PMID: 36322276 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mangiferin is a natural free radical scavenging antioxidant that induces excitation of the central nervous system. However, the mechanism of neuroprotective effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to investigate the effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia. Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham, MCAO, MCAO + 5 mg/kg mangiferin, MCAO + 20 mg/kg mangiferin and MCAO + 5 mg/kg nimodipine. Neurobehavioral scores, brain edema, brain injury scores, relative infarct size and expression of some inflammatory factors in the brain were evaluated. NF-κB pathway was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS The results showed that mangiferin effectively attenuated MCAO-induced brain injury, including improvement of neurological impairment, reduction of brain edema, and reduction of infarct size. Compared with the MCAO group, mangiferin significantly inhibited MCAO-induced neuroinflammation, which can be proved by reduced expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2. In addition, we found that phosphorylation of IκBα was inhibited and the expression of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus was reduced after the addition of mangiferin. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that mangiferin exerts neuroprotective effects on focal cerebral ischemia in mice by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Mangiferin may be an effective treatment for cerebral ischemia and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpao Hao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Southern white elephant town, Ouhai district, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Departments of Neurology, Wuhu NO.1 People's Hospital, 241000, Wuhu, NO, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Liang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Southern white elephant town, Ouhai district, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
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Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Pyroptosis Activities of Mangiferin via Suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD Signaling Cascades. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710124. [PMID: 36077522 PMCID: PMC9456045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MF), a xanthone that extensively exists in many herbal medicines, processes significant activities of anti-inflammation and immunomodulation. The potential regulatory effect and mechanism of mangiferin on cell pyroptosis remain unclear. In this study, mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS to induce cell pyroptosis and were treated with 10, 50, or 100 μg/mL MF for regulating pyroptosis. The cell supernatants TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, Caspase-1, Caspase-11, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) was tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and protein expression levels of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, caspase-11, GSDMD, and NF-κB were detected by Western blot. The results showed that MF significantly inhibited the secretion and gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 that were elevated by LPS. Moreover, MF significantly suppressed the gene expression of Caspase-1, Caspase-11, and GSDMD, and decreased the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, caspase-11, full-length GSDMD (GSDMD-FL), GSDMD N-terminal (GSDMD-N), and NF-κB. In conclusion, mangiferin has a multi-target regulating effect on inflammation and pyroptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, suppressing inflammatory caspase-mediated pyroptosis cascades, and reducing GSDMD cleavage in LPS-induced BMDMs.
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Yang X, Pan X, Jia Z, Bai B, Zhi W, Chen H, Ma C, Ma D. Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 combined with ellagic acid attenuates intestinal inflammatory injury caused by Eimeria infection by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway. Vet Res 2022; 53:21. [PMID: 35303923 PMCID: PMC8931975 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 (LB) alone and in combination with ellagic acid inhibits ChTLR15/ChNLRP3/ChIL-1β by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to attenuate intestinal inflammatory injury. Two animal experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, chickens were allocated into 7 groups: PBS, and low, medium and high dosages of live and heat-killed LB, named L/LB(+), M/LB(+) and H/LB(+), and L/LB(-), M/LB(-) and H/LB(-), respectively. In Experiment 2, chickens were divided into 5 groups: PBS, challenge control, and low, medium and high dosages of ellagic acid combined with LB(+), named L/EA + L/LB(+), M/EA + M/LB(+) and H/EA + H/LB(+), respectively. Chickens were gavaged with LB with or without ellagic acid once a day. Then, the mRNA and protein levels of the components of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway found in the caecal tissues were quantified. On Day 7 post-infection with E. tenella, the levels of the components of the ChTLR15/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in the caeca were again quantified, and the anticoccidial effects were assessed. The results showed that the levels of the genes in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the chickens in the LB(+) groups were higher than those in the LB(-) groups (p < 0.001); those in the H/LB(+) group were higher than those in the M/LB(+) and L/LB(+) groups (p < 0.001); and those in the H/EA + H/LB(+) group showed the highest expression levels compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). After challenge, the chickens in the H/LB(+) group displayed less inflammatory injury than those in the M/LB(+) and L/LB(+) groups (p < 0.05), and the chickens in the H/EA + H/LB(+) group showed stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the other groups (p < 0.05). Thus, these protective effects against infection were consistent with the above results. Overall, significant anti-inflammatory effects were observed in chickens orally gavaged with high dosages of live L. brevis 23017 and ellagic acid, which occurred by regulation of the ChTLR15/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinghui Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhipeng Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bingrong Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunli Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Dexing Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China. .,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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