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Lei W, Chen MH, Huang ZF, Chen XY, Wang JX, Zheng J, Zhu YZ, Lan XZ, He Y. Salidroside protects pulmonary artery endothelial cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis via the AhR/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155376. [PMID: 38503152 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apoptosis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) is an important factor contributing to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH), a serious cardio-pulmonary vascular disorder. Salidroside (SAL) is a bioactive compound derived from an herb Rhodiola, but the potential protective effects of SAL on PAECs and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine the role of SAL in the hypoxia-induced apoptosis of PAECs and to dissect the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to hypoxia (10% O2) for 4 weeks to establish a model of PH. Rats were intraperitoneally injected daily with SAL (2, 8, and 32 mg/kg/d) or vehicle. To define the molecular mechanisms of SAL in PAECs, an in vitro model of hypoxic cell injury was also generated by exposed PAECs to 1% O2 for 48 h. METHODS Various techniques including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, CCK-8, Western blot, qPCR, molecular docking, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were used to determine the role of SAL in rats and in PAECs in vitro. RESULTS Hypoxia stimulation increases AhR nuclear translocation and activates the NF-κB signaling pathway, as evidenced by upregulated expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, IL-1β, and IL-6, resulting in oxidative stress and inflammatory response and ultimately apoptosis of PAECs. SAL inhibited the activation of AhR and NF-κB, while promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased the expression of its downstream antioxidant proteins HO-1 and NQO1 in PAECs, ameliorating the hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in PAECs. Furthermore, SAL lowered right ventricular systolic pressure, and decreased pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in hypoxia-exposed rats. CONCLUSIONS SAL may attenuate the apoptosis of PAECs by suppressing NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, thereby delaying the progressive pathology of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- TAAHC-GDMU Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Resources, The Center for Xizang Chinese (Tibetan) Medicine Resource, Joint Laboratory for Tibetan Materia Medica Resource Scientific Protection and Utilization, Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, GDMU-TAAHC Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mei-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, GDMU-TAAHC Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zu-Feng Huang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jin-Xia Wang
- TAAHC-GDMU Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Resources, The Center for Xizang Chinese (Tibetan) Medicine Resource, Joint Laboratory for Tibetan Materia Medica Resource Scientific Protection and Utilization, Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, PR China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Lan
- TAAHC-GDMU Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Resources, The Center for Xizang Chinese (Tibetan) Medicine Resource, Joint Laboratory for Tibetan Materia Medica Resource Scientific Protection and Utilization, Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet, PR China.
| | - Yuan He
- TAAHC-GDMU Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Resources, The Center for Xizang Chinese (Tibetan) Medicine Resource, Joint Laboratory for Tibetan Materia Medica Resource Scientific Protection and Utilization, Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, GDMU-TAAHC Biomedical and Health Joint R&D Center, Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China.
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Chen XJ, Liu SY, Li SM, Feng JK, Hu Y, Cheng XZ, Hou CZ, Xu Y, Hu M, Feng L, Xiao L. The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27110. [PMID: 38444481 PMCID: PMC10912389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a continuously developing syndrome of cardiac insufficiency caused by diseases, which becomes a major disease endangering human health as well as one of the main causes of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of heart failure is related to hemodynamic abnormalities, neuroendocrine hormones, myocardial damage, myocardial remodeling etc, lead to the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, fatigue and fluid retention with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently available drugs such as cardiac glycoside, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, vasodilator and β receptor blocker etc are widely used for the treatment of heart failure. In particular, natural products and related active ingredients have the characteristics of mild efficacy, low toxicity, multi-target comprehensive efficacy, and have obvious advantages in restoring cardiac function, reducing energy disorder and improving quality of life. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance including mechanisms and active ingredients of natural products for the treatment of heart failure, which will provide the inspiration for the development of more potent clinical drugs against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Si-Ming Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | | | - Ying Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Cheng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ling Feng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
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Tang S, Geng Y, Lin Q. The role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases and its exercise intervention. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1339128. [PMID: 38348222 PMCID: PMC10859464 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1339128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy factories that sustain life activities in the body, and their dysfunction can cause various metabolic diseases that threaten human health. Mitophagy, an essential intracellular mitochondrial quality control mechanism, can maintain cellular and metabolic homeostasis by removing damaged mitochondria and participating in developing metabolic diseases. Research has confirmed that exercise can regulate mitophagy levels, thereby exerting protective metabolic effects in metabolic diseases. This article reviews the role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases, the effects of exercise on mitophagy, and the potential mechanisms of exercise-regulated mitophagy intervention in metabolic diseases, providing new insights for future basic and clinical research on exercise interventions to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qinqin Lin
- School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
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Shan X, Yang X, Li D, Zhou L, Qin S, Li J, Tao W, Peng C, Wei J, Chu X, Wang H, Zhang C. Research on the quality markers of antioxidant activity of Kai-Xin-San based on the spectrum-effect relationship. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1270836. [PMID: 38205371 PMCID: PMC10777484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1270836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is one of the classic famous traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for amnesia, which has been applied for thousands of years. Modern pharmacological research has found that KXS has significant therapeutic efficacy on nervous system diseases, which is related to its antioxidant activity. However, the antioxidant material basis and quality markers (Q-makers) of KXS have not been studied. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the Q-makers of antioxidant activity of KXS based on spectrum-effect relationship. Methods: Specifically, the metabolites in KXS extracts were identified by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS. The fingerprint profile of KXS extracts were established by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and seven common peaks were identified. Meanwhile, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test was used to evaluate the free radical scavenging ability of KXS. The spectrum-effect relationship between its HPLC fingerprint and DPPH free radical scavenging activity was preliminarily examined by the Pearson correlation analysis, grey relation analysis (GRA), and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Further, the antioxidant effect of KXS and its Q-makers were validated through human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells experiment. Results: The results showed that 103 metabolites were identified from KXS, and the similarity values between HPLC fingerprint of twelve batches of KXS were greater than 0.900. At the same time, the results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the peaks 8, 1, 14, 17, 18, 24, 16, 21, 15, 13, 6, 5, and 3 from KXS were positively correlated with the scavenging activity values of DPPH. Combined with the results of GRA and OPLS-DA, peaks 1, 3, 5 (Sibiricose A6), 6, 13 (Ginsenoside Rg1), 15, and 24 in the fingerprints were screen out as the potential Q-makers of KXS for antioxidant effect. Besides, the results of CCK-8 assay showed that KXS and its Q-makers remarkably reduced the oxidative damage of SH-SY5Y cells caused by H2O2. However, the antioxidant activity of KXS was decreased significantly after Q-makers were knocked out. Conclusion: In conclusion, the metabolites in KXS were successfully identified by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS, and the Q-makers of KXS for antioxidant effect was analyzed based on the spectrum-effect relationship. These results are beneficial to clarify the antioxidant material basis of KXS and provide the quality control standards for new KXS products development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Dawei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shaogang Qin
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Hefei Food and Drug Inspection Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenkang Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Can Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jinming Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqin Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Haixuan Wang
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Hefei Food and Drug Inspection Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Xue C, Xu Z, Liu Z, Zeng C, Ye Q. Pachymic acid protects hepatic cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury by activating sirtuin 1 to inhibit HMGB1 acetylation and inflammatory signaling. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:239-247. [PMID: 37635483 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-22-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important cause of liver injury occurring during liver transplantation. It is usually caused by inflammatory response and oxidative stress-induced oxidative damage. Pachymic acid (PA) has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-cancer. However, the action mechanism of PA in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is currently unknown. In this study, liver cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to simulate a hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury model. The binding relationship between PA and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was analyzed by molecular docking. Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8. Expression levels of SIRT1 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were detected by western blot. Subsequent levels of inflammatory factors were detected by related kits and western blot. Meanwhile, related kits were used to examine levels of oxidative stress markers including reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and cytotoxicity-associated lactate dehydrogenase. Finally, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and western blot. The results showed that PA significantly ameliorated OGD/R-induced decrease in SIRT1 expression, increase in HMGB1 acetylation and HMGB1 translocation. Moreover, the elevated levels of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress indexes and cell apoptosis upon exposure to OGD/R were reversed by PA treatment. Moreover, the addition of SIRT1 agonist and inhibitor further demonstrated that PA exerted the aforementioned effects in OGD/R-exposed cells by targeting SIRT1. Thus, the present study revealed the mechanism by which PA ameliorated OGD/R-induced hepatic injury via SIRT1. These results might provide a clearer theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of OGD/R-induced hepatic injury with PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbiao Xue
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhigao Xu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongzhong Liu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, Hubei; Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ma H, Yu Y, Mo L, Chen Q, Dong H, Xu Y, Zhuan B. Exosomal miR-663b from "M1" macrophages promotes pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction through inhibiting the AMPK/Sirt1 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3549-3571. [PMID: 37142272 PMCID: PMC10449306 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory mediators from macrophages are proven to be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Here, this study intends to explore the mechanism of "M1" macrophage-derived exosomal miR-663b in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) dysfunctions and pulmonary hypertension. METHODS Hypoxia-treated PASMCs were utilized for constructing an in-vitro pulmonary hypertension model. THP-1 cells were treated with PMA (320 nM) and LPS (10 μg/mL) + IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) for eliciting macrophage "M1" polarization. Exosomes derived from "M1" macrophages were isolated and added into PASMCs. The proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and migration of PASMCs were evaluated. RT-PCR or Western blot examined the levels of miR-663b and the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. Dual luciferase activity assay and RNA pull-down assay were carried out for confirming the targeted association between miR-663b and AMPK. An in-vivo PH model was built. Macrophage-derived exosomes with miR-663b inhibition were used for treating the rats, and alterations of pulmonary histopathology were monitored. RESULTS miR-663b was obviously up-regulated in hypoxia-elicited PASMCs and M1 macrophages. miR-663b overexpression boosted hypoxia-induced proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and migration in PASMCs, whereas miR-663b low expression resulted in the opposite situation. AMPK was identified as a target of miR-663b, and miR-663b overexpression curbed the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. AMPK activation ameliorated the damaging impact of miR-663b overexpression and "M1" macrophage exosomes on PASMCs. In vivo, "M1" macrophage exosomes with miR-663b low expression alleviated pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension rats. CONCLUSION Exosomal miR-663b from "M1" macrophage facilitates PASMC dysfunctions and PH development by dampening the AMPK/Sirt1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Lirong Mo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Hui Dong
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Bing Zhuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
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Sulforaphane alleviated vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109182. [PMID: 36220525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a cardiopulmonary disease featured by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which is due to abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs). Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural isothiocyanate extracted from cruciferous vegetables with promising anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of SFN on HPH. Male mice were exposed to persistent chronic hypoxia for 4 weeks to induce HPH. The results demonstrated that SFN repressed the increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and attenuated the right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary arteries remodeling in HPH mice. In particular, after SFN treatment, the CD68 positive cells in lung sections were reduced; TNF-α and IL-6 levels in lungs and serum declined; activation of NF-κB in PASMCs was inhibited in response to hypoxia. Besides, SFN enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum, SOD2 expression, total glutathione levels, and GSH/GSSG ratio in PASMCs, along with a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in serum and ROS production in PASMCs after hypoxia exposure. Notably, SFN, as an Nrf2 activator, reversed the reduction in Nrf2 expression in hypoxic PASMCs. In vitro, SFN treatment inhibited hyperproliferation and promoted apoptosis of PASMCs under hypoxia conditions. SFN also prevented the apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular ECs caused by hypoxia. Therefore, these data suggested that SFN could significantly restrain the inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting PASMCs proliferation, promoting PASMCs apoptosis, and reversing hypoxia injury in ECs to improve pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Wei C, Wang H, Sun X, Bai Z, Wang J, Bai G, Yao Q, Xu Y, Zhang L. Pharmacological profiles and therapeutic applications of pachymic acid (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:547. [PMID: 35978941 PMCID: PMC9366251 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Poria cocos is a saprophytic fungus that grows in diverse species of Pinus. Its sclerotium, called fu-ling or hoelen, has been used in various traditional Chinese medicines and health foods for thousands of years, and in several modern proprietary traditional Chinese medicinal products. It has extensive clinical indications, including sedative, diuretic, and tonic effects. Pachymic acid (PA) is the main lanostane-type triterpenoid in Poria cocos. Evidence suggests that PA has various biological properties such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antiviral, antibacterial, sedative-hypnotic, and anti-ischemia/reperfusion activities. Although considerable advancements have been made, some fundamental and intricate issues remain unclear, such as the underlying mechanisms of PA. The present study aimed to summarize the biological properties and therapeutic potential of PA. The biosynthetic, pharmacokinetic, and metabolic pathways of PA, and its underlying mechanisms were also comprehensively summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Hezhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Zhixun Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Qizheng Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yingshu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Target Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Pulmonary Hypertension: Molecular Insight into Application. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7845503. [PMID: 35707273 PMCID: PMC9192195 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7845503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor involved in maintaining redox balance and activates the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes. Nrf2 has received wide attention considering its crucial role in oxidative and electrophilic stress. Large amounts of studies have demonstrated the protective role of Nrf2 activation in various pulmonary hypertension (pH) models. Additionally, various kinds of natural phytochemicals acting as Nrf2 activators prevent the development of pH and provide a novel and promising therapeutic insight for the treatment of pH. In the current review, we give a brief introduction of Nrf2 and focus on the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in the pathophysiology of pH and then review the relevant research of Nrf2 agonists in pH in both experimental research and clinical trials.
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