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Brown VM, Ogutu EA, Kauffman AE, Kennedy SS, Tenner RA, Wurcel AG, Zawitz CJ, Spaulding AC, Akiyama MJ. Guiding the Implementation of Wastewater-based Surveillance for Carceral Infection Control with Perspectives from People with Lived Experience of Incarceration during the COVID-19 Pandemic. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4214768. [PMID: 38766265 PMCID: PMC11100867 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4214768/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Little guidance exists on best practices for implementing and sustaining wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) for SARS-CoV-2 in carceral settings. To ensure alignment with priorities of stakeholders, we aimed to understand the perspectives of persons with lived experience (PLE) of jail who were incarcerated during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic on infection control. Methods We recruited two PLE at each of four jails: Cook County (IL), Fulton County (GA), Middlesex County (MA), and Washington DC. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guides followed the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Two FGDs focusing on lived experience with jail infection control protocol and WBS were conducted, and six Key Informant (KI) interviews followed to gain insights on communicating WBS results. We used a combination of deductive thematic analysis based on CFIR constructs and inductive analysis to capture emergent themes. Results Themes from FGDs included: (1) variable experiences with COVID-19 infection control protocols including intake processes, individual testing, isolation and quarantine, (2) the perceived attitudes of fellow residents and staff surrounding COVID-19 mitigation in a carceral setting; and (3) perceived benefits and challenges involving WBS implementation and messaging. KIs emphasized 1) The importance of straightforward health messaging and trustworthiness in the communication of WBS results, 2) Support for enhanced health education around outbreaks, and 3) Receptiveness to WBS being used as a tool to measure common infectious agents (i.e., influenza) but hesitancy regarding its application to conditions such as HIV and illicit drug use. PLE articulated support of robust infection control programs and receptiveness to expanding WBS if conducted in a non-stigmatizing manner. Conclusion Perspectives from PLE can help shape the infection control programs for future outbreaks and inform the expansion of WBS implementation in carceral facilities. It will be important to consider the voices of current and former residents, as receivers of care, to promote an environment conducive to comprehensive infection control. In addition to having infection control programs consistently execute set protocols and educate all stakeholders, PLE identified collaboration between jail staff and residents, and clear communication around program expectations as priorities. Findings from this qualitative study can be shared with jail decision makers and the perceived engagement of stakeholders can be measured.
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Gordon B, Van De Griend KM, Scharp VL, Ellis H, Nies MA. Community Engagement in Research: An Updated Systematic Review of Quantitative Engagement Measurement Scales for Health Studies. Eval Health Prof 2023; 46:291-308. [PMID: 37750605 DOI: 10.1177/01632787231203346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Though the interest in community engagement in research (CEnR) protocols has increased, studies reporting on the findings of tested CEnR engagement measurement scales for health studies are sparse. A systematic review was conducted from January 1 to March 1, 2023, to identify validated, quantitative CEnR engagement measurement tools for health studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was employed. The rigor of scale development, testing, and implementation was explored, and a `best practices evaluation conducted. Themes on the readiness of scales for implementation in health research studies were narratively compiled. Nineteen studies met the search inclusion criteria-reporting on the development, testing, and implementation of seven CEnR engagement measurement scales for health studies. Scale implementation studies precipitated only two of the studies. None of the scales followed the rigorous process dictated in best practices; however, at this time, three scales have gone through the most robust testing processes. Advancement of the science of engagement measurement requires consensus on terminology, application of best practices for scale development and testing protocols, and consistency of reporting findings.
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Lemke AA, Esplin ED, Goldenberg AJ, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Hanchard NA, Harris-Wai J, Ideozu JE, Isasi R, Landstrom AP, Prince AER, Turbitt E, Sabatello M, Schrier Vergano SA, Taylor MRG, Yu JH, Brothers KB, Garrison NA. Addressing underrepresentation in genomics research through community engagement. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1563-1571. [PMID: 36055208 PMCID: PMC9502069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vision of the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) is that people everywhere will realize the benefits of human genetics and genomics. Implicit in that vision is the importance of ensuring that the benefits of human genetics and genomics research are realized in ways that minimize harms and maximize benefits, a goal that can only be achieved through focused efforts to address health inequities and increase the representation of underrepresented communities in genetics and genomics research. This guidance is intended to advance community engagement as an approach that can be used across the research lifecycle. Community engagement uniquely offers researchers in human genetics and genomics an opportunity to pursue that vision successfully, including by addressing underrepresentation in genomics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Lemke
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Norton Children's Research Institute, affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Edward D Esplin
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Invitae, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron J Goldenberg
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; International Laboratory for Human Genome Research, Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Neil A Hanchard
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Childhood Complex Disease Genomics Section, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genomics Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie Harris-Wai
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; University of California at San Francisco, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Program on Bioethics, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Justin E Ideozu
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Genomic Medicine, Genetic Research Center, AbbVie, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rosario Isasi
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Dr. J. T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL, USA; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL, USA
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anya E R Prince
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; University of Iowa College of Law, Iowa City IA, USA
| | - Erin Turbitt
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Discipline of Genetic Counselling, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Maya Sabatello
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Center for Precision Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Division of Ethics, Department of Medical Humanities and Ethics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samantha A Schrier Vergano
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Matthew R G Taylor
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Adult Medical Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joon-Ho Yu
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Bioethics and Palliative Care, Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Public Health Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle B Brothers
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Norton Children's Research Institute, affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Goodman MS, Ackermann N, Haskell-Craig Z, Jackson S, Bowen DJ, Sanders Thompson VL. Construct validation of the Research Engagement Survey Tool (REST). RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2022; 8:26. [PMID: 35710531 PMCID: PMC9204858 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-022-00360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Research Engagement Survey Tool (REST) was developed to examine the level of partner (e.g., patients, caregivers, advocates, clinicians, community members) engagement in research studies. The REST is aligned with eight engagement principles based on the literature and consensus reached through a five round Delphi process. Each of the engagement principles has three-five corresponding items that are assessed on two Likert type scales quantity (how often: never, rarely, sometimes, often, always, not applicable) and quality (how well: poor, fair, good, very good, excellent, not applicable). We conducted a comprehensive validation of the REST. Despite the importance of partner engagement in research, currently no gold standard measure exists. METHODS Multiple strategies were employed to validate the REST. Here, we examine the internal consistency of items for each of the eight engagement principles. In addition, we examine the convergent validity of the comprehensive (32-item) REST with other measures (e.g., medical mistrust, Community Engagement in Research Index, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool, Wilder collaboration inventory, Partnership Assessment In community-based Research). We propose two scoring approaches for the REST; one aligned with the engagement principles and the other aligned with levels of community engagement: (1) outreach and education, (2) consultation, (3) cooperation, (4) collaboration, and (5) partnership. RESULTS The REST has strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.75) for each of the eight engagement principals measured on both scales (quality and quantity). The REST had negligible (e.g., medical mistrust, community engagement in research index), low (e.g., Partnership Assessment In community-based Research, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool- benefits scale), and moderate (e.g., Wilder collaboration inventory, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool- synergy scale) statistically significant correlations with other measures based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. These results suggest the REST is measuring something similar and correlated to the existing measures, but it captures a different construct (perceived research engagement). CONCLUSIONS The REST is a valid and reliable tool to assess research engagement of community health stakeholders in the research process. Valid tools to assess research engagement are necessary to examine the impact of engagement on the scientific process and scientific discovery and move the field of stakeholder engagement from best practices and lessons learned to evidence-based approaches based on empirical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody S Goodman
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, USA.
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