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Sumaiya K, Ponnusamy T, Natarajaseenivasan K, Shanmughapriya S. Cardiac Metabolism and MiRNA Interference. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:50. [PMID: 36613495 PMCID: PMC9820363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant increase in cardio-metabolic diseases over the past couple of decades has drawn researchers' attention to explore and unveil the novel mechanisms implicated in cardiometabolic diseases. Recent evidence disclosed that the derangement of cardiac energy substrate metabolism plays a predominant role in the development and progression of chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Hence, in-depth comprehension of the novel molecular mechanisms behind impaired cardiac metabolism-mediated diseases is crucial to expand treatment strategies. The complex and dynamic pathways of cardiac metabolism are systematically controlled by the novel executor, microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs regulate target gene expression by either mRNA degradation or translational repression through base pairing between miRNA and the target transcript, precisely at the 3' seed sequence and conserved heptametrical sequence in the 5' end, respectively. Multiple miRNAs are involved throughout every cardiac energy substrate metabolism and play a differential role based on the variety of target transcripts. Novel theoretical strategies have even entered the clinical phase for treating cardiometabolic diseases, but experimental evidence remains inadequate. In this review, we identify the potent miRNAs, their direct target transcripts, and discuss the remodeling of cardiac metabolism to cast light on further clinical studies and further the expansion of novel therapeutic strategies. This review is categorized into four sections which encompass (i) a review of the fundamental mechanism of cardiac metabolism, (ii) a divulgence of the regulatory role of specific miRNAs on cardiac metabolic pathways, (iii) an understanding of the association between miRNA and impaired cardiac metabolism, and (iv) summary of available miRNA targeting therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthi Sumaiya
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiruvelselvan Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Integrated Bioinformatics and Validation of lncRNA-Mediated ceRNA Network in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7260801. [PMID: 36189147 PMCID: PMC9519285 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7260801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a common pathology in ischemia heart disease. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant regulators related to many ischemia/reperfusion conditions. This study is aimed at exploring the molecule mechanism of lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in MI/R. Methods The dataset profiles of MI/R and normal tissues (GSE130217 and GSE124176) were obtained from the GEO database. Integrated bioinformatics were performed to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Thereafter, an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network was constructed by the starBase database. The GO annotations and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted to study action mechanism and related pathways of DEGs in MI/R. A model of hypoxia/reoxygenation- (H/R-) treated HL-1 cell was performed to verify the expression of lncRNAs through qRT-PCR. Results 2406 differentially expressed- (DE-) mRNAs, 70 DE-lncRNAs, and 156 DE-miRNAs were acquired. These DEGs were conducted to construct an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network, and a subnetwork including lncRNA Xist/miRNA-133c/mRNA (Slc30a9) was screen out. The functional enrichment analyses revealed that the lncRNAs involved in the ceRNA network might functions in oxidative stress and calcium signaling pathway. The lncRNA Xist expression is reduced under H/R conditions, followed by the increased level of miRNA-133c, thus downregulating the expression of Slc30a9. Conclusion In sum, the identified ceRNA network which included the lncRNA Xist/miR-133c/Slc30a9 axis might contribute a better understanding to the pathogenesis and development of MI/R injury and offer a novel targeted therapy way.
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FAT10 Combined with Miltefosine Inhibits Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Energy Metabolism in Hypoxia-Induced H9C2 Cells by Regulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4388919. [PMID: 36034957 PMCID: PMC9410791 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4388919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is the main contributor to heart diseases. Human leukocyte antigen F-associated transcript 10 (FAT10), the small ubiquitin-like protein family subtype involved in apoptosis, is expressed in the heart and exhibits cardioprotective functions. This study explored the impact of FAT10 on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the involved mechanisms. The cardiomyocyte cell line H9C2 was cultivated in hypoxia-inducing conditions (94% N2, 5% CO2, and 1% O2) and the expression of FAT10 in hypoxia-stimulated H9C2 cells was identified. For this, FAT10 overexpression/interference vectors were exposed to transfection into H9C2 cells with/without the PI3K/AKT inhibitor, miltefosine. The results indicated that hypoxia exposure decreased the FAT10 expression, suppressed H9C2 cell growth, disrupted mitochondrial metabolism, and promoted H9C2 cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, these impacts were reversed by the FAT10 overexpression. In addition, the inhibition of PI3K/AKT in FAT10-overexpressing cells suppressed cell proliferation, impaired mitochondrial metabolism, and promoted apoptosis and oxidative stress response. The findings demonstrated that FAT10 inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis and energy metabolism in hypoxia-stimulated H9C2 cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway. This finding can be utilized for developing therapeutic targets for treating heart disorders associated with hypoxia-induced apoptosis.
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Liu C, Liu J, Wu D, Luo S, Li W, Chen L, Liu Z, Yu B. Construction of Immune-Related ceRNA Network in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Based on Sex Differences. Front Genet 2022; 13:882324. [PMID: 35754849 PMCID: PMC9214033 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.882324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune targeted therapy has become an attractive therapeutic approach for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) recently. Genetic predisposition and gender play a critical role in immune-related responses of DCM. This study aimed to perform a bioinformatics analysis of molecular differences between male and female samples and identify immune-related ceRNA network in DCM. Methods: The gene expression microarray and clinical features dataset of GSE19303 was downloaded from the GEO. The raw data were preprocessed, followed by identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male and female DCM samples. Crucial functions and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were investigated through GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, respectively. A lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was constructed and a central module was extracted from the ceRNA network. Results: Compared with the female group, the male group benefits more from IA/IgG immunotherapy. Male patients of DCM had a significant positive correlation with the abundance of inflammatory cells (B cells, memory B cells, CD8+ Tem cells, and NK cells). Sex difference DEGs had a widespread impact on the signaling transduction, transcriptional regulation, and metabolism in DCM. Subsequently, we constructed an immune-related ceRNA network based on sex differences in DCM, including five lncRNAs, six miRNAs, and 29 mRNAs. Furthermore, we extracted a central module from the ceRNA network, including two lncRNAs (XIST and LINC00632), three miRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-22-3p), and six mRNAs (CBL, CXCL12, ESR1, IGF1R, IL6ST, and STC1). Among these DEGs, CBL, CXCL12, and IL6ST expression was considered to be associated with inflammatory cell infiltration in DCM. Conclusions: The identified ceRNA network and their enriched pathways may provide genetic insights into the phenotypic diversity of female and male patients with DCM and may provide a basis for development of sex-related individualization of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daihong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lushan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingbo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Choy M, Xue R, Wu Y, Fan W, Dong Y, Liu C. Role of N6-methyladenosine Modification in Cardiac Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:774627. [PMID: 35224032 PMCID: PMC8866307 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.774627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is the critical process in heart failure due to many cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cardiomyopathy. However, treatments for heart failure focusing on cardiac remodeling show relatively limited effectiveness. In recent decades, epitranscriptomic modifications were found abundantly present throughout the progression of cardiac remodeling, and numerous types of biochemical modifications were identified. m6A modification is the methylation of the adenosine base at the nitrogen-6 position, and dysregulation of m6A modification has been implicated in a wide range of diseases. However, function of m6A modifications still remain largely unknown in cardiac diseases, especially cardiac remodeling. LncRNAs are also shown to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling and heart failure. The crosstalk between lncRNAs and m6A modification provides a novel prospective for exploring possible regulatory mechanism and therapeutic targets of cardiac remodeling. This review summarizes the role of m6A modification in cardiac remodeling in the current researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- ManTing Choy
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruicong Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Liu
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Yang Y, Li Y, Yuan H, Liu X, Ren Y, Gao C, Jiao T, Cai Y, Zhao S. Integrative Analysis of the lncRNA-Associated ceRNA Regulatory Network Response to Hypoxia in Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells of Tibetan Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:834566. [PMID: 35211545 PMCID: PMC8861501 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.834566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cells is severely hampered by oxygen deficiency, and understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling responses to hypoxia may assist in relieving injury induced by hypoxia. In this study, we cultured ATII cells from Tibetan pigs and Landrace pigs under hypoxic and normoxic environments to screen for differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and construct their associated ceRNA regulatory networks in response to hypoxia. Enrichment analysis revealed that target genes of DElncRNAs of Tibetan pigs and Landrace pig between the normoxic (TN, LN) and hypoxic (TL, LL) groups significantly enriched in the proteoglycans in cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and erbB signaling pathways, while the target genes of DEmiRNAs were significantly enriched in the axon guidance, focal adhesion, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Hypoxia induction was shown to potentially promote apoptosis by activating the focal adhesion/PI3K-Akt/glycolysis pathway. The ssc-miR-20b/MSTRG.57127.1/ssc-miR-7-5p axis potentially played a vital role in alleviating hypoxic injury by regulating ATII cell autophagy under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. MSTRG.14861.4-miR-11971-z-CCDC12, the most affected axis, regulated numerous RNAs and may thus regulate ATII cell growth in Tibetan pigs under hypoxic conditions. The ACTA1/ssc-miR-30c-3p/MSTRG.23871.1 axis is key for limiting ATII cell injury and improving dysfunction and fibrosis mediated by oxidative stress in Landrace pigs. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory mechanisms of Tibetan pigs under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haonan Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuanbo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shengguo Zhao
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Bai Q, Li Y, Song K, Huang J, Qin L. Knockdown of XIST up-regulates 263294miR-340-5p to relieve myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury via inhibiting cyclin D1. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 9:1050-1060. [PMID: 34970865 PMCID: PMC8934972 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to participate in various human diseases, while the role of X inactive‐specific transcript (XIST) binding microRNA‐340‐5p (miR‐340‐5p) remains seldom studied. We aim to identify the role of the XIST/miR‐340‐5p/cyclin D1 (CCND1) axis in the myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods and results The mouse MIRI models were established. The expression of XIST, miR‐340‐5p, and CCND1 in mouse myocardial tissues in MIRI mice was assessed. The MIRI mice were respectively treated with altered XIST, miR‐340‐5p, or CCND1. The changes of myocardial enzyme activity were assessed, and the cardiac function was evaluated. Myocardial pathological changes, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and related apoptotic factors, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were observed in myocardial tissues in mice with MIRI. The binding relationships between XIST and miR‐340‐5p, and between miR‐340‐5p and CCND1 were confirmed. XIST and CCND1 were up‐regulated while miR‐340‐5p was down‐regulated in MIRI mice. Silenced XIST could elevated miR‐340‐5p expression and reduced CCND1 expression, so as to promoted cardiac function and suppressed myocardial enzyme activity, ameliorated pathological changes, decelerated cardiomyocyte apoptosis by elevating Bcl‐2 but reducing the levels of Bax and Caspase‐3, attenuated inflammatory response by repressing IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels, and mitigated oxidative stress by reducing MDA contents and increasing CAT, GSH‐Px, and SOD levels in MIRI mice. XIST sponged miR‐340‐5p and miR‐340‐5p targeted CCND1. Conclusions Knockdown of XIST up‐regulates miR‐340‐5p to relieve MIRI via inhibiting CCND1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ward II, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, 16 North Tongbai Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ward II, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, 16 North Tongbai Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Kunpeng Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ward II, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, 16 North Tongbai Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ward II, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, 16 North Tongbai Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
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Wang Y, Tan J, Wang L, Pei G, Cheng H, Zhang Q, Wang S, He C, Fu C, Wei Q. MiR-125 Family in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:799049. [PMID: 34926475 PMCID: PMC8674784 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.799049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are a serious threaten to the health of modern people. Understanding the mechanism of occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, as well as reasonable prevention and treatment of them, is a huge challenge that we are currently facing. The miR-125 family consists of hsa-miR-125a, hsa-miR-125b-1 and hsa-miR-125b-2. It is a kind of miRNA family that is highly conserved among different species. A large amount of literature shows that the lack of miR-125 can cause abnormal development of the cardiovascular system in the embryonic period. At the same time, the miR-125 family participates in the occurrence and development of a variety of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, ischemic stroke, and heart failure directly or indirectly. In this article, we summarized the role of the miR-125 family in the development and maturation of cardiovascular system, the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its important value in the current fiery stem cell therapy. In addition, we presented this in the form of table and diagrams. We also discussed the difficulties and challenges faced by the miR-125 family in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaiqin Pei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxin Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenying Fu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Aging and Geriatric Mechanism Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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Yang P, Cao Y, Jian H, Chen H. Identification of Hub mRNAs and lncRNAs in Atrial Fibrillation Using Weighted Co-expression Network Analysis With RNA-Seq Data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722671. [PMID: 34671599 PMCID: PMC8520999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF)/paroxysmal AF (PAF) is the main cause of cardiogenic embolism. In recent years, the progression from paroxysmal AF to persistent AF has attracted more and more attention. However, the molecular mechanism of the progression of AF is unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing for normal samples, paroxysmal AF and persistent AF samples to identify differentially expressed gene (DEG) and explore the roles of these DEGs in AF. Totally, 272 differently expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 286 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were identified in paroxysmal AF compared to normal samples; 324 DEmRNAs and 258 DElncRNAs were found in persistent atrial fibrillation compared with normal samples; and 520 DEmRNAs and 414 DElncRNAs were identified in persistent AF compared to paroxysmal AF samples. Interestingly, among the DEGs, approximately 50% were coding genes and around 50% were non-coding RNAs, suggesting that lncRNAs may also have a crucial role in the progression of AF. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that these DEGs were significantly related to regulating multiple AF associated pathways, such as the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production and binding to the CXCR chemokine receptor. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify key modules and hub RNAs and lncRNAs to determine their potential associations with AF. Five hub modules were identified in the progression of AF, including blue, brown, gray, turquoise and yellow modules. Interestingly, blue module and turquoise module were significantly negatively and positively correlated to the progression of AF respectively, indicating that they may have a more important role in the AF. Moreover, the hub protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network were constructed. Bioinformatics analysis on the hub PPI network in turquoise was involved in regulating immune response related signaling, such as leukocyte chemotaxis, macrophage activation, and positive regulation of α-β T cell activation. Our findings could clarify the underlying molecular changes associated fibrillation, and provide a useful resource for identifying AF marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujing Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Huagang Jian
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
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10
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Du H, Zhao Y, Li H, Wang DW, Chen C. Roles of MicroRNAs in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in the Heart. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:716213. [PMID: 34368265 PMCID: PMC8339264 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.716213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate in heart development and pathological processes mainly by silencing gene expression. Overwhelming evidence has suggested that miRNAs were involved in various cardiovascular pathological processes, including arrhythmias, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, dysregulation of angiogenesis, mitochondrial abnormalities, fibrosis, and maladaptive remodeling. Various miRNAs could regulate myocardial contractility, vascular proliferation, and mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, it was reported that miRNAs could manipulate nutrition metabolism, especially glucose and lipid metabolism, by regulating insulin signaling pathways, energy substrate transport/metabolism. Recently, increasing studies suggested that the abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism were closely associated with a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, maintaining glucose and lipid metabolism homeostasis in the heart might be beneficial to CVD patients. In this review, we summarized the present knowledge of the functions of miRNAs in regulating cardiac glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as highlighted the miRNA-based therapies targeting cardiac glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhi Du
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang W, Min L, Qiu X, Wu X, Liu C, Ma J, Zhang D, Zhu L. Biological Function of Long Non-coding RNA (LncRNA) Xist. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645647. [PMID: 34178980 PMCID: PMC8222981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression in a variety of ways at epigenetic, chromatin remodeling, transcriptional, and translational levels. Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) serves as an important regulator of cell growth and development. Despites its original roles in X-chromosome dosage compensation, lncRNA Xist also participates in the development of tumor and other human diseases by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). In this review, we comprehensively summarized recent progress in understanding the cellular functions of lncRNA Xist in mammalian cells and discussed current knowledge regarding the ceRNA network of lncRNA Xist in various diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that are more than 200 nt in length and without an apparent protein-coding capacity (Furlan and Rougeulle, 2016; Maduro et al., 2016). These RNAs are believed to be transcribed by the approximately 98-99% non-coding regions of the human genome (Derrien et al., 2012; Fu, 2014; Montalbano et al., 2017; Slack and Chinnaiyan, 2019), as well as a large variety of genomic regions, such as exonic, tronic, and intergenic regions. Hence, lncRNAs are also divided into eight categories: Intergenic lncRNAs, Intronic lncRNAs, Enhancer lncRNAs, Promoter lncRNAs, Natural antisense/sense lncRNAs, Small nucleolar RNA-ended lncRNAs (sno-lncRNAs), Bidirectional lncRNAs, and non-poly(A) lncRNAs (Ma et al., 2013; Devaux et al., 2015; St Laurent et al., 2015; Chen, 2016; Quinn and Chang, 2016; Richard and Eichhorn, 2018; Connerty et al., 2020). A range of evidence has suggested that lncRNAs function as key regulators in crucial cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, by regulating the expression level of target genes via epigenomic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional approaches (Cao et al., 2018). Moreover, lncRNAs detected in body fluids were also believed to serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of disease progression, and act as novel and potential drug targets for therapeutic exploitation in human disease (Jiang W. et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2019a). Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) are a set of 15,000-20,000 nt sequences localized in the X chromosome inactivation center (XIC) of chromosome Xq13.2 (Brown et al., 1992; Debrand et al., 1998; Kay, 1998; Lee et al., 2013; da Rocha and Heard, 2017; Yang Z. et al., 2018; Brockdorff, 2019). Previous studies have indicated that lncRNA Xist regulate X chromosome inactivation (XCI), resulting in the inheritable silencing of one of the X-chromosomes during female cell development. Also, it serves a vital regulatory function in the whole spectrum of human disease (notably cancer) and can be used as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target for human disease in the clinic (Liu et al., 2018b; Deng et al., 2019; Dinescu et al., 2019; Mutzel and Schulz, 2020; Patrat et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a). In particular, lncRNA Xist have been demonstrated to be involved in the development of multiple types of tumors including brain tumor, Leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, and liver cancer, with the prominent examples outlined in Table 1. It was also believed that lncRNA Xist (Chaligne and Heard, 2014; Yang Z. et al., 2018) contributed to other diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, neuropathic pain, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and osteoarthritis chondrocytes, and more specific details can be found in Table 2. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA Xist on both chromosome dosage compensation and pathogenesis (especially cancer) processes, with a focus on the regulatory network of lncRNA Xist in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongyi Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
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