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Wu H, Feng E, Yin H, Zhang Y, Chen G, Zhu B, Yue X, Zhang H, Liu Q, Xiong L. Biomaterials for neuroengineering: applications and challenges. Regen Biomater 2025; 12:rbae137. [PMID: 40007617 PMCID: PMC11855295 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Neurological injuries and diseases are a leading cause of disability worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for effective therapies. Neural regaining and enhancement therapies are seen as the most promising strategies for restoring neural function, offering hope for individuals affected by these conditions. Despite their promise, the path from animal research to clinical application is fraught with challenges. Neuroengineering, particularly through the use of biomaterials, has emerged as a key field that is paving the way for innovative solutions to these challenges. It seeks to understand and treat neurological disorders, unravel the nature of consciousness, and explore the mechanisms of memory and the brain's relationship with behavior, offering solutions for neural tissue engineering, neural interfaces and targeted drug delivery systems. These biomaterials, including both natural and synthetic types, are designed to replicate the cellular environment of the brain, thereby facilitating neural repair. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview for biomaterials in neuroengineering, highlighting their application in neural functional regaining and enhancement across both basic research and clinical practice. It covers recent developments in biomaterial-based products, including 2D to 3D bioprinted scaffolds for cell and organoid culture, brain-on-a-chip systems, biomimetic electrodes and brain-computer interfaces. It also explores artificial synapses and neural networks, discussing their applications in modeling neural microenvironments for repair and regeneration, neural modulation and manipulation and the integration of traditional Chinese medicine. This review serves as a comprehensive guide to the role of biomaterials in advancing neuroengineering solutions, providing insights into the ongoing efforts to bridge the gap between innovation and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanghui Wu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Enduo Feng
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Huanxin Yin
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Beier Zhu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xuezheng Yue
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Haiguang Zhang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
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Sabbatini P, Cipriani S, Biagini A, Sallicandro L, Arcuri C, Romani R, Prontera P, Mirarchi A, Gentile R, Bianco DD, Gliozheni E, Gerli S, Giardina I, Arduini M, Favilli A, Malvasi A, Tinelli A, Fioretti B. Potassium Current Signature of Neuronal/Glial Progenitors in Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. Cells 2025; 14:50. [PMID: 39791751 PMCID: PMC11720479 DOI: 10.3390/cells14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid is a complex and dynamic biological matrix that surrounds the fetus during the pregnancy. From this fluid, is possible to isolate various cell types with particular interest directed towards stem cells (AF-SCs). These cells are highly appealing due to their numerous potential applications in the field of regenerative medicine for tissues and organs as well as for treating conditions such as traumatic or ischemic injuries to the nervous system, myocardial infarction, or cancer. AF-SCs, when subcultured in the presence of basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), have been shown to survive and migrate when transplanted into the striatum of the rat brain, exhibiting behavior characteristics of neuronal/glial progenitor cells. In this work, we performed an electrophysiological characterization to ascertain the propensity of AF-SCs to differentiate into glial and neuronal cells by bFGF. By using patch clamp technique we characterized a fibroblast-like morphology that display a barium-sensitive inward-rectifying potassium current (Kir) and calcium-activated potassium currents (KCa). The electrophysiological and calcium dynamics of histamine, a marker of undifferentiated neural progenitors, was further studied. Histamine promoted intracellular calcium increase by Fura-2 recording and calcium-activated potassium current activation with a similar temporal profile in AF-SC. The data presented in this paper ultimately confirm the expression in AF-SCs of the Kir and KCa currents, also showing regulation by endogenous stimuli such as histamine for the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sabbatini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Sabrina Cipriani
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Biagini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Luana Sallicandro
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Rita Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandra Mirarchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Rosaria Gentile
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Diletta Del Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Elko Gliozheni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tirana, AL1005 Tirana, Albania
| | - Sandro Gerli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Giardina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Arduini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Favilli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (R.R.); (P.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Malvasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Tinelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and CERICSAL (CEntro di RIcerca Clinico SALentino), Veris delli Ponti Hospital, Via Giuseppina delli Ponti, 73020 Scorrano, Italy
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via dell’Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (P.S.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (R.G.); (D.D.B.); (E.G.)
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Edificio C, Piano 3 Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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Chen T, He X, Wang J, Du D, Xu Y. NT-3 Combined with TGF-β Signaling Pathway Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Glial Scar Formation and Promoting Axonal Regeneration. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1484-1495. [PMID: 37318740 PMCID: PMC11101526 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in promoting spinal cord injury repair through the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. A mouse model of spinal cord injury was established. Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomized into model, NT-3, NT-3 + TGF-β1 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores of the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups were significantly higher than the model group. The BBB score of the NT-3 + TGF-β1 group was significantly lower than NT-3 group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy showed reduction in myelin sheath injury, more myelinated nerve fibers in the middle section of the catheter, and relatively higher density and more neatly arranged regenerated axons in the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups compared with the model and NT-3 + TGF-β1 groups. Immunofluorescence, TUNEL and Western blot analysis showed that compared with model group, the NEUN expression increased, and the apoptosis and Col IV, LN, CSPG, tenascin-C, Sema 3 A, EphB2 and Smad2/3 protein expression decreased significantly in the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups; the condition was reversed in the NT-3 + TGF-β1 group compared with the NT-3 group. NT-3 combined with TGF-β signaling pathway promotes astrocyte differentiation, reduces axon regeneration inhibitory molecules, apoptosis and glial scar formation, promotes axon regeneration, and improves spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taibang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Di Du
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Lotfi MS, Kalalinia F. Flavonoids in Combination with Stem Cells for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3270-3282. [PMID: 37462837 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and the world's second leading cause of death. Despite the availability of significant knowledge to reduce the burden of some neurological disorders, various studies are exploring more effective treatment options. While the human body can repair and regenerate damaged tissue through stem cell recruitment, nerve regeneration in case of injury is minimal due to the restriction on the location of nerve stem cells. Recently, different types of stem cells extracted from various tissues have been used in combination with natural stimuli to treat neurologic disorders in neuronal tissue engineering. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that can induce the differentiation of stem cells into neurons and stimulate stem cell proliferation, migration, and survival. They can also increase the secretion of nutritional factors from stem cells. In addition to the effects that flavonoids can have on stem cells, they can also have beneficial therapeutic effects on the nervous system alone. Therefore, the simultaneous use of these compounds and stem cells can multiply the therapeutic effect. In this review, we first introduce flavonoid compounds and provide background information on stem cells. We then compile available reports on the effects of flavonoids on stem cells for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Lotfi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kalalinia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Pardis University Campus, Mashhad, 91886 17871, Iran.
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Icariside II Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Behavioral Impairments via Activating the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8400876. [PMID: 35387263 PMCID: PMC8979738 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8400876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic and long-term methamphetamine (METH) abuse is bound to cause damages to multiple organs and systems, especially the central nervous system (CNS). Icariside II (ICS), a type of flavonoid and one of the main active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium, exhibits a variety of biological and pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, whether ICS could protect against METH-induced neurotoxicity remains unknown. Based on a chronic METH abuse mouse model, we detected the neurotoxicity after METH exposure and determined the intervention effect of ICS and the potential mechanism of action. Here, we found that METH could trigger neurotoxicity, which was characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons, depletion of dopamine (DA), activation of glial cells, upregulation of α-synuclein (α-syn), abnormal dendritic spine plasticity, and dysfunction of motor coordination and balance. ICS treatment, however, alleviated the above-mentioned neurotoxicity elicited by METH. Our data also indicated that when ICS combated METH-induced neurotoxicity, it was accompanied by partial correction of the abnormal Kelch 2 like ECH2 associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and oxidative stress response. In the presence of ML385, an inhibitor of Nrf2, ICS failed to activate the Nrf2-related protein expression and reduce the oxidative stress response. More importantly, ICS could not attenuate METH-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity and behavioral damage when the Nrf2 was inhibited, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect of ICS on METH-induced neurotoxicity was dependent on activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Although further research is needed to dig deeper into the actual molecular targets of ICS, it is undeniable that the current results imply the potential value of ICS to reduce the neurotoxicity of METH abusers.
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