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Su Y, Shen L, Zhu P, Liang X. UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS based metabolomics investigation on chemical constituent consistency of Zhenwu Decoction before and after compatibility. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116222. [PMID: 38763106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Zhenwu Decoction (ZWD), a classic formula from Zhang Zhongjing's "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" in the Han Dynasty, consists of five traditional Chinese medicines: Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (ALRP), Paeoniae Radix Alba, Poria Cocos, Ginger, and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae. To evaluate the chemical constituent consistency of ZWD before and after compatibility, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was established to comprehensively study the constituents of ZWD. By normalizing the peak area, the pairwise compatibility of ALRP and the other four medicinal herbs, as well as the compatibility of the entire formula were studied, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify the differences. The processed data were analyzed by principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis, and an S-plot was generated to compare the differences in the chemical composition of the two types of decoction samples. The results showed that during the decoction process of ZWD, a total of seven components were recognized as differential compounds before and after compatibility of ZWD, namely 6-gingerol, zingerone, benzoylhypaconine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, paeoniflorin and fuziline. The results of this study provide basic data reference for understanding the law of ZWD compatibility and are valuable for the compatibility study of other herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiu Su
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Luoyi Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Peixi Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xianrui Liang
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Fermented Chinese Herbal Medicine Promoted Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Regulated Bacterial Microbiota of Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030476. [PMID: 36766365 PMCID: PMC9913397 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance, diarrhea rate, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of weaned piglets, and to provide the theoretical basis for applying fermented Chinese herbal medicines to weaned piglet production, a total of 162 weaned and castrated piglets at 25 days of age (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, half male and half female) with an initial body weight of 7.77 ± 0.03 kg were randomly divided into the following three groups according to the principle of similar body weight: basal diet (CON) group, basal diet + 3 kg/t fermented Chinese herbal medicine (LFHM) group, and basal diet + 5 g/kg fermented Chinese herbal medicine (HFHM) group. Each group underwent six replicates and there were nine piglets in each replicate. The experiment lasted 24 days, i.e., 3 days for preliminary feeding, and 21 days for the experiment. From Day 1 of the experiment, the piglets were observed and recorded for diarrhea each day. As compared with the CON group, the results indicated: Following the addition of fermented Chinese herbal medicine, the piglets in the LFHM and HFHM groups increased final weight (FW); average daily feed intake (ADFI); average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.01); apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) (p < 0.05); as well as chymotrypsin, α-amylase, and lipase activities (p < 0.01). In addition, α-amylase activity in the LFHM group was higher than that in the HFHM group (p < 0.05); chymotrypsin activity in the LFHM group was lower than that in the HFHM group (p < 0.05); as compared with the CON group, the LFHM and the HFHM increased villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) in piglet jejunum; isovaleric acid concentration with the HFHM was higher than those with the CON and the LFHM (p < 0.05), but butyrate concentration with the HFFM was lower than those with the CON and the LFHM (p < 0.05). The high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal microbiota results showed that the LFHM and the HFHM affected the microbial α diversity index in weaned piglet colon (p < 0.01). In conclusion, fermented Chinese herbs can improve the growth performance of weaned piglets by promoting the secretion of intestinal digestive enzymes, changing intestinal microbial diversity, regulating the contents of intestinal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), promoting intestinal health, and improving nutrients digestibility.
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Lian D, Chen T, Yan L, Hou H, Gao S, Hu Q, Zhang G, Li H, Song L, Gao Y, Pu Y, Chen Y, Peng B. Protective effect of compatible herbs in Jin-Gu-Lian formula against Alangium chinense-induced neurotoxicity via oxidative stress, neurotransmitter metabolisms, and pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1133982. [PMID: 36874008 PMCID: PMC9977795 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1133982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A. chinense frequently used in Miao medicine to treat rheumatic diseases. However, as a famous toxic herb, Alangium chinense and its representative components exhibit ineluctable neurotoxicity, thus creating significant challenges for clinical application. The combined application with compatible herbs in Jin-Gu-Lian formula attenuates such neurotoxicity according to the compatible principle of traditional Chinese medicines. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the detoxification of the compatible herbs in Jin-Gu-Lian formula on A. chinense-induced neurotoxicity and investigate its mechanism. Methods: Neurobehavioral and pathohistological analysis were used to determine the neurotoxicity in rats administered with A. chinense extract (AC), extract of compatible herbs in Jin-Gu-Lian formula (CH) and combination of AC with CH for 14 days. The mechanism underlying the reduction of toxicity by combination with CH was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, spectrophotometric assays, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry and real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Compatible herbs attenuated the AC-induced neurotoxicity as evidenced by increased locomotor activity, enhanced grip strength, the decreased frequency of AC-induced morphological damage in neurons, as well as a reduction of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament light chain (NEFL) levels. The combination of AC and CH ameliorated AC-induced oxidative damage by modulating the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). AC treatment significantly reduced the levels of monoamine and acetylcholine neurotransmitters in the brains of rats, including acetylcholine (Ach), dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), norepinephrine (NE), and serotonin (5-HT). Combined AC and CH treatment regulated the abnormal concentrations and metabolisms of neurotransmitters. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the co-administration of AC and CH significantly decreased plasma exposure levels of two main components of AC, as evidenced by the reduction of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) compared to AC. In addition, the AC-induced downregulation in mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes was significantly reduced in response to combined AC and CH treatment. Conclusion: Compatible herbs in Jin-Gu-Lian formula alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by A. chinense by ameliorating oxidative damage, preventing abnormality of neurotransmitters and modulating pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyin Lian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Yan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxi Pu
- College of Letters and Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Study on the mechanism of anti-acute lung injury of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid based on identification of transitional components in blood and network pharmacology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1212:123498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Application of Prescription Reviews for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Improve Medical Disputes and Patient Satisfaction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5889284. [PMID: 35845600 PMCID: PMC9283035 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5889284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Medical disputes and patient satisfaction are related to inappropriate prescribing practices. We aim to investigate the clinical application of prescription reviews for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Method TCM prescriptions performed prescription reviews in 372 patients from the year 2019 to 2020 were set as the observation group and those from the year 2017 to 2018 without prescription reviews as the control group (n = 341). According to the Criteria for Assessing Prescription Quality in Chinese Hospitals (CAPQCH) items, “Irrational” and “Rational” TCM prescriptions were determined mainly based on the following category: nonstandard prescriptions, inappropriate prescriptions, and hypernormal prescriptions. The incidence of medical disputes and the degree of patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Result No difference was found in age and gender between the control group and the observation group. The number of irrational TCM prescriptions from the year 2017 to 2020 was 6, 8, 2, and 3, respectively, with the percentage of 3.725%, 4.480%, 1.201%, and 1.446%. The irrational rate in the observation group (1.344%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (4.106%). Specifically, a higher rate of nonstandard prescriptions was revealed in the control group as compared with the observation group. Moreover, a reduced incidence of medical disputes was revealed in the observation group relative to the control group accompanying with the increased degree of patient satisfaction. Conclusion Prescription reviews have high application value in the management of Chinese pharmacies, which can improve the rationality of prescriptions, increase patient satisfaction, and reduce medical disputes.
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