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Garaud L, Nusbaumer D, Marques da Cunha L, de Guttry C, Ançay L, Atherton A, Lasne E, Wedekind C. Parental kinship coefficient but not paternal coloration predicts early offspring growth in lake char. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:247-256. [PMID: 38480957 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The 'good genes' hypotheses of sexual selection predict that females prefer males with strong ornaments because they are in good health and vigor and can afford the costs of the ornaments. A key assumption of this concept is that male health and vigor are useful predictors of genetic quality and hence offspring performance. We tested this prediction in wild-caught lake char (Salvelinus umbla) whose breeding coloration is known to reveal aspects of male health. We first reanalyzed results from sperm competition trials in which embryos of known parenthood had been raised singly in either a stress- or non-stress environment. Paternal coloration did not correlate with any measures of offspring performance. However, offspring growth was reduced with higher kinship coefficients between the parents. To test the robustness of these first observations, we collected a new sample of wild males and females, used their gametes in a full-factorial in vitro breeding experiment, and singly raised about 3000 embryos in either a stress- or non-stress environment (stress induced by microbes). Again, paternal coloration did not predict offspring performance, while offspring growth was reduced with higher kinship between the parents. We conclude that, in lake char, the genetic benefits of mate choice would be strongest if females could recognize and avoid genetically related males, while male breeding colors may be more relevant in intra-sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garaud
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Nusbaumer
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian de Guttry
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Environmental Bioinformatic Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Ançay
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Atherton
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilien Lasne
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Station d'Hydrobiologie Lacustre, Thonon Cedex, France
- UMR DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), INRAE, Institut Agro, IFREMER, Rennes, France
| | - Claus Wedekind
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Egeland TB, Egeland ES, Nordeide JT. Does egg carotenoid improve larval quality in Arctic charr (
Salvelinus alpinus
)? Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8812. [PMID: 35432935 PMCID: PMC9001117 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Females in mutually ornamented species are often less conspicuously ornamented than their male conspecifics. It has been hypothesized that offspring quality may decrease if females invest more resources into ornaments at the expense of resources in eggs. An experiment was carried out to test whether natural variation in carotenoid in the eggs from a wild population of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) was associated with survival and growth of their offspring until hatching. Wild Arctic charr were caught at a spawning ground during the spawning period. Eggs from two different females, one female with yellowish carotenoid‐rich eggs and one with paler eggs, were fertilized by sperm from the same male. This was repeated until gametes were collected from 42 females and 21 males, giving a total of 21 groups. After fertilization, the zygotes from each of the two females were reared in four replicated groups. These 168 groups were reared separately until hatching when the surviving larvae were counted and their body length measured. For the two response variables survival and body length at hatching, no effect was demonstrated of any of the predictors (i) amount of carotenoid in the unfertilized eggs, (ii) the mothers' body condition, or (iii) ornament intensity of their red carotenoid‐based abdominal ornament. Thus, this study gives no support for the hypothesis that females investing less carotenoid into their eggs suffer from decreased offspring quality until hatching. This lack of association between female ornament intensity and their fitness is not as expected if female ornaments evolved due to direct sexual selection from males on the more ornamented females (“direct selection hypothesis”).
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Affiliation(s)
- Torvald Blikra Egeland
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø Norway
- Faculty of Education and Arts Nord University Bodø Norway
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3
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Karvonen A, Beck SV, Skúlason S, Kristjánsson BK, Leblanc CA. Variation in parasite resistance of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, between and within sympatric morphs. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14024-14032. [PMID: 34707836 PMCID: PMC8525083 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in resistance against parasite infections is a predominant feature in host-parasite systems. However, mechanisms maintaining genetic polymorphism in resistance in natural host populations are generally poorly known. We explored whether differences in natural infection pressure between resource-based morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) have resulted in differentiation in resistance profiles. We experimentally exposed offspring of two morphs from Lake Þingvallavatn (Iceland), the pelagic planktivorous charr ("murta") and the large benthivorous charr ("kuðungableikja"), to their common parasite, eye fluke Diplostomum baeri, infecting the eye humor. We found that there were no differences in resistance between the morphs, but clear differences among families within each morph. Moreover, we found suggestive evidence of resistance of offspring within families being positively correlated with the parasite load of the father, but not with that of the mother. Our results suggest that the inherited basis of parasite resistance in this system is likely to be related to variation among host individuals within each morph rather than ecological factors driving divergent resistance profiles at morph level. Overall, this may have implications for evolution of resistance through processes such as sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anssi Karvonen
- Department of Biological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of JyvaskylaJyvaskylaFinland
| | - Samantha V. Beck
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
- Galloway Fisheries TrustNewton StewartScotland
| | - Skúli Skúlason
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
| | | | - Camille A. Leblanc
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
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Peris Tamayo A, Devineau O, Præbel K, Kahilainen KK, Østbye K. A brain and a head for a different habitat: Size variation in four morphs of Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in a deep oligotrophic lake. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11335-11351. [PMID: 33144968 PMCID: PMC7593136 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive radiation is the diversification of species to different ecological niches and has repeatedly occurred in different salmonid fish of postglacial lakes. In Lake Tinnsjøen, one of the largest and deepest lakes in Norway, the salmonid fish, Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)), has likely radiated within 9,700 years after deglaciation into ecologically and genetically segregated Piscivore, Planktivore, Dwarf, and Abyssal morphs in the pelagial, littoral, shallow-moderate profundal, and deep-profundal habitats. We compared trait variation in the size of the head, the eye and olfactory organs, as well as the volumes of five brain regions of these four Arctic charr morphs. We hypothesised that specific habitat characteristics have promoted divergent body, head, and brain sizes related to utilized depth differing in environmental constraints (e.g., light, oxygen, pressure, temperature, and food quality). The most important ecomorphological variables differentiating morphs were eye area, habitat, and number of lamellae. The Abyssal morph living in the deepest areas of the lake had the smallest brain region volumes, head, and eye size. Comparing the olfactory bulb with the optic tectum in size, it was larger in the Abyssal morph than in the Piscivore morph. The Piscivore and Planktivore morphs that use more illuminated habitats have the largest optic tectum volume, followed by the Dwarf. The observed differences in body size and sensory capacities in terms of vision and olfaction in shallow and deepwater morphs likely relates to foraging and mating habitats in Lake Tinnsjøen. Further seasonal and experimental studies of brain volume in polymorphic species are needed to test the role of plasticity and adaptive evolution behind the observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana‐Maria Peris Tamayo
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and BiotechnologyInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and EconomicsUiT—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Olivier Devineau
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and BiotechnologyInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
| | - Kim Præbel
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and EconomicsUiT—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | | | - Kjartan Østbye
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and BiotechnologyInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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5
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Wilkins LGE, Marques da Cunha L, Menin L, Ortiz D, Vocat-Mottier V, Hobil M, Nusbaumer D, Wedekind C. Maternal allocation of carotenoids increases tolerance to bacterial infection in brown trout. Oecologia 2017; 185:351-363. [PMID: 28894954 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-3952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Life-history theory predicts that iteroparous females allocate their resources differently among different breeding seasons depending on their residual reproductive value. In iteroparous salmonids there is typically much variation in egg size, egg number, and in the compounds that females allocate to their clutch. These compounds include various carotenoids whose functions are not sufficiently understood yet. We sampled 37 female and 35 male brown trout from natural streams, collected their gametes for in vitro fertilizations, experimentally produced 185 families in 7 full-factorial breeding blocks, raised the developing embryos singly (n = 2960), and either sham-treated or infected them with Pseudomonas fluorescens. We used female redness (as a measure of carotenoids stored in the skin) and their allocation of carotenoids to clutches to infer maternal strategies. Astaxanthin contents largely determined egg colour. Neither egg weight nor female size was correlated with the content of this carotenoid. However, astaxanthin content was positively correlated with larval growth and with tolerance against P. fluorescens. There was a negative correlation between female skin redness and the carotenoid content of their eggs. Although higher astaxanthin contents in the eggs were associated with an improvement of early fitness-related traits, some females appeared not to maximally support their current offspring as revealed by the negative correlation between female red skin colouration and egg carotenoid content. This correlation was not explained by female size and supports the prediction of a maternal trade-off between current and future reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia G E Wilkins
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, 130 Mulford Hall #3114, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lucas Marques da Cunha
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Menin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering ISIC, Batochime, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ortiz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering ISIC, Batochime, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Vocat-Mottier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matay Hobil
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Nusbaumer
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claus Wedekind
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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6
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Herdegen M, Dudka K, Radwan J. Heterozygosity and orange coloration are associated in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata
). J Evol Biol 2013; 27:220-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Herdegen
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - K. Dudka
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - J. Radwan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
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7
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Küttner E, Parsons KJ, Robinson BW, Skúlason S, Danzmann RG, Ferguson MM. Effects of population, family, and diet on craniofacial morphology of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.02038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Küttner
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road West Guelph ON Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Kevin J. Parsons
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road West Guelph ON Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Beren W. Robinson
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road West Guelph ON Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Skúli Skúlason
- Hólar University College; Hólar, Hjaltadalur 551 Sauðarkrókur Iceland
| | - Roy G. Danzmann
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road West Guelph ON Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Moira M. Ferguson
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road West Guelph ON Canada N1G 2W1
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8
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Falica BK, Higgs DM. Paternal Genetic Effects on Offspring Swimming Performance Vary with Age of Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Evol Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-012-9217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Nordeide JT, Kekäläinen J, Janhunen M, Kortet R. Female ornaments revisited - are they correlated with offspring quality? J Anim Ecol 2012. [PMID: 23194443 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The evolution and signalling content of female ornamentation has remained an enduring challenge to evolutionary biologists, despite the fact that secondary sexual characters are widespread in females. While females usually invest significant amounts of their resources, including carotenoids, in offspring, all the resources allocated to elaborate ornamentation reduce resources available for other purposes. This may in turn constrain female fitness leading to dishonest female signalling. We review the literature for empirical studies on mutually ornamented species with conventional sex roles, by focusing on the association between female ornaments and quality of their offspring. We found 43 papers where 33 (77%) are bird-studies, nine (21%) are on fishes, and one (2%) is a lizard-study. Nine of these report negative, 14 non-existing, and 20 positive associations between female ornament and offspring quality. Eighteen of the bird studies (55%) show a positive association between the two traits investigated, whereas five (15%) of the studies report a negative association. The number of fish studies, although few, is skewed in the opposite direction with two (22%) and four (44%) studies supporting positive and negative association, respectively. A minority of studies on carotenoids-based ornaments reports a positive association (4 of 18 studies, or 22%) between the traits, which is low compared to studies on non-carotenoids-based ornaments (16 of 25 studies, or 64%). The above-mentioned relative large number of studies with negative association, especially common in studies on fishes and in carotenoids-based-ornaments, challenges the generality of the direct selection hypothesis to account for female fineries. This is important because this hypothesis seems to have strong support in recent literature on the topic. In the present paper, we also propose possible explanations for the observed differences between taxa and suggest directions and ideas for future research on the evolution of female ornamentation.
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Prokop ZM, Michalczyk Ł, Drobniak SM, Herdegen M, Radwan J. META-ANALYSIS SUGGESTS CHOOSY FEMALES GET SEXY SONS MORE THAN “GOOD GENES”. Evolution 2012; 66:2665-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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HUUSKONEN HANNU, KEKÄLÄINEN JUKKA, PANDA BINEET, SHIKANO TAKAHITO, KORTET RAINE. Embryonic survival and larval predator-avoidance ability in mutually ornamented whitefish. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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JANHUNEN MATTI, KEKÄLÄINEN JUKKA, KORTET RAINE, HYVÄRINEN PEKKA, PIIRONEN JORMA. No evidence for an indirect benefit from female mate preference in Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus, but female ornamentation decreases offspring viability. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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