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Atoki AV, Aja PM, Shinkafi TS, Ondari EN, Awuchi CG. Naringenin: its chemistry and roles in neuroprotection. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:637-666. [PMID: 37585716 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2243089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
According to epidemiological research, as the population ages, neurological illnesses are becoming a bigger issue. Despite improvements in the treatment of these diseases, there are still widespread worries about how to find a long-lasting remedy. Several neurological diseases can be successfully treated with natural substances. As a result, current research has been concentrated on finding effective neuroprotective drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Naringenin is one potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Many citrus fruits, tomatoes, bergamots, and other fruits are rich in naringenin, a flavonoid. This phytochemical is linked to a variety of biological functions. Naringenin has attracted a lot of interest for its ability to exhibit neuroprotection through several mechanisms. In the current article, we present evidence from the literature that naringenin reduces neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in brain tissues. Also, the literatures that are currently accessible shows that naringenin reduces neuroinflammation and other neurological anomalies. Additionally, we found several studies that touted naringenin as a promising anti-amyloidogenic, antidepressant, and neurotrophic treatment option. This review's major goal is to reflect on advancements in knowledge of the molecular processes that underlie naringenin's possible neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, this article also provides highlights of Naringenin with respect to its chemistry and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Erick Nyakundi Ondari
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
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2
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Selahvarzi A, Ramezan Y, Sanjabi MR, Namdar B, Akbarmivehie M, Mirsaeedghazi H, Azarikia F. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from pomegranate and orange peels and their antioxidant activity in a functional drink. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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3
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Recovery of Citric Acid from Citrus Peels: Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimized by Response Surface Methodology. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10070257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The production of citrus juice generates a large quantity of by-products, which are often discarded or used for animal feed. However, several studies have shown its richness in valuable compounds, namely organic acids. Thus, this work intended to valorize orange and lime peels as renewable sources of citric acid. An experimental design combining five levels of the independent variables time (2–45 min), ultrasonic power (50–500 W), and ethanol proportion (0–100%) was implemented and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the extraction process. The UPLC-PDA analysis showed that orange peel presented a higher citric acid content than lime. For lime and orange peels, the extraction yield was maximized by sonicating at low power for 5.8 or 35.5 min, using a low ethanol proportion or only water as a solvent, respectively. Overall, optimal UAE conditions were defined for the sustainable extraction of citric acid from citrus by-products, thus contributing to its valorization and upcycling into natural food ingredients.
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Haida Z, Ab Ghani S, Juju Nakasha J, Hakiman M. Determination of experimental domain factors of polyphenols, phenolic acids and flavonoids of lemon (Citrus limon) peel using two-level factorial design. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:574-582. [PMID: 35002453 PMCID: PMC8716932 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the significant extraction factors in achieving higher recovery yield of total polyphenols, phenolic acids and flavonoids content from Citrus limon peel using two-level factorial design. The effect of five independent factors including drying temperature (40–60 °C), methanol concentration (20–60%), extraction temperature (28–60 °C), extraction time (30–60 min) and storage duration (0–14 days) were evaluated. Among all the examined factors, results showed that drying temperature, storage duration and extraction temperature were the most significant and contributing factors affecting the total polyphenols, phenolic acids and flavonoids content of lemon peel at P < 0.05. On the contrary, methanol concentration and extraction time exhibited the least significant and contribution at P greater than 0.05. In conclusion, the experimental domain factors were successfully obtained from this experiment, Therefore, further study on optimization of the obtained factors will be conducted in the future study using response surface methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainol Haida
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharin Ab Ghani
- High Voltage Engineering Research Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia, Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Jaafar Juju Nakasha
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mansor Hakiman
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Yamaguchi KKL, Dias DS, Lamarão CV, Castelo KFA, Lima MS, Antonio AS, Converti A, Lima ES, Veiga-Junior VF. Amazonian Bacuri ( Platonia insignis Mart.) Fruit Waste Valorisation Using Response Surface Methodology. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1767. [PMID: 34944411 PMCID: PMC8698816 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart) is a species from the Clusiaceae genus. Its fruit pulp is commonly used in South America in several food products, such as beverages, ice cream and candies. Only the pulp of the fruit is used, and the peels and seeds are considered waste from these industries. As a trioxygenated xanthone source, this species is of high interest for bioproduct development. This work evaluated the mesocarp and epicarp of bacuri fruits through different extraction methods and experimental conditions (pH, temperature and solvent) in order to determine the most effective method for converting this agro-industrial waste in a value-added bioproduct. Open-column procedures and HPLC and NMR experiments were performed to evaluate the chemical composition of the extracts, along with total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activities (sequestration of the DPPH and ABTS radicals). A factorial design and response surface methodology were used. The best extraction conditions of substances with antioxidant properties were maceration at 50 °C with 100% ethanol as solvent for mesocarp extracts, and acidic sonication in 100% ethanol for epicarp extracts, with an excellent phenolic profile and antioxidant capacities. The main compounds isolated were the prenylated benzophenones garcinielliptone FC (epicarp) and 30-epi-cambogin (mesocarp). This is the first study analysing the performance of extraction methods within bacuri agro-industrial waste. Results demonstrated that shells and seeds of bacuri can be used as phenolic-rich bioproducts obtained by a simple extraction method, increasing the value chain of this fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klenicy K. L. Yamaguchi
- Institute of Health and Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas, Coari 69460-000, Brazil
| | - David S. Dias
- Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Victor Lamarão
- Agricultural Products Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil;
| | - Karen F. A. Castelo
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69077-000, Brazil; (K.F.A.C.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Max S. Lima
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69077-000, Brazil; (K.F.A.C.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Ananda S. Antonio
- Center for Forensic Analysis, Laboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (NAF–LADETEC/IQ–UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, I-16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Emerson S. Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Valdir F. Veiga-Junior
- Chemical Engineering Section, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
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Lim WXJ, Gammon CS, von Hurst P, Chepulis L, Page RA. A Narrative Review of Human Clinical Trials on the Impact of Phenolic-Rich Plant Extracts on Prediabetes and Its Subgroups. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113733. [PMID: 34835989 PMCID: PMC8624625 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic-rich plant extracts have been demonstrated to improve glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes. However, there is increasing evidence that people with prediabetes are not a homogeneous group but exhibit different glycemic profiles leading to the existence of prediabetes subgroups. Prediabetes subgroups have been identified as: isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined impaired fasting glucose and glucose intolerance (IFG/IGT). The present review investigates human clinical trials examining the hypoglycemic potential of phenolic-rich plant extracts in prediabetes and prediabetes subgroups. Artemisia princeps Pampanini, soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) leaf and Citrus junos Tanaka peel have been demonstrated to improve fasting glycemia and thus may be more useful for individuals with IFG with increasing hepatic insulin resistance. In contrast, white mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) leaf, persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaf and Acacia. Mearnsii bark were shown to improve postprandial glycemia and hence may be preferably beneficial for individuals with IGT with increasing muscle insulin resistance. Elaeis guineensis leaf was observed to improve both fasting and postprandial glycemic measures depending on the dose. Current evidence remains scarce regarding the impact of the plant extracts on glycemic control in prediabetes subgroups and therefore warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xin Janice Lim
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand; (W.X.J.L.); (C.S.G.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Cheryl S. Gammon
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand; (W.X.J.L.); (C.S.G.)
| | - Pamela von Hurst
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand;
| | - Lynne Chepulis
- Waikato Medical Research Centre, Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand;
| | - Rachel A. Page
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-4-801-5799 (ext. 63462)
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Comprehensive Utilization of Immature Honey Pomelo Fruit for the Production of Value-Added Compounds Using Novel Continuous Phase Transition Extraction Technology. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080815. [PMID: 34440047 PMCID: PMC8389540 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary For the first time, this study investigated the extraction of bioactive substances with different polarities from immature honey pomelo fruit (IPF), a by-product of pomelo planting processing that causes resource waste and environmental pollution, using novel continuous phase transition extraction technology (CPTE). The results showed that CPTE was suitable for extracting essential oil, naringin, and pectin in sequence according to their polarities. The naringin extraction process was optimized by the response surface methodology, resulting in an extract ratio up to 99.47%. Moreover, the pectin extracted from IPF by CPTE showed better quality compared to commercial counterparts, as evidenced by lower protein and ash contents and higher white value. Together, these results suggested that CPTE could be a promising technology to improve the application value of IPF. For instance, the extracted bioactive components can be utilized as nutraceutical food ingredients. The scientific insights from this study will contribute to the development of functional food ingredients and comprehensive utilization of farming by-products. Abstract The immature honey pomelo fruit (IPF) is a huge agro-industrial by-product generated during pomelo planting. Although IPF is rich in nutrients, more than 95% of IPF is discarded annually, which causes resource waste and a serious environmental problem. Here, we report a novel continuous phase transition extraction technology (CPTE) to improve the comprehensive utilization of IPF by sequentially generating high value products and solve pollution problems related to their disposal. First, essential oil was successively extracted by CPTE at a yield of 1.12 ± 0.36%, in which 43 species were identified. Second, naringin extraction parameters were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM), resulting in a maximum extraction rate of 99.47 ± 0.15%. Finally, pectin was extracted at a yield of 20.23 ± 0.66%, which is similar to the contents of commercial pectin. In conclusion, this study suggested that IPF was an excellent potential substrate for the production of value-added components by CPTE.
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Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of immature citrus ( Citrus unshiu Marcov.) for flavonoid content and antioxidant activity using a response surface methodology. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:663-673. [PMID: 34123463 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immature citrus with peel was enzymatically treated for production of a hydrolysate with enriched bioactive components and higher antioxidant activity. The effects of reaction factors, including enzyme concentration, reaction time, and temperature on hesperetin and naringenin contents, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity were investigated using response surface methodology. The models were adequate, and the enzyme concentration, temperature, and time positively affected hesperetin and naringenin contents and TPC, but negatively affected DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The reaction conditions for maximizing hesperetin, naringenin, and total phenol production and ferric reducing antioxidant power were optimized with the combination of enzyme concentration at 4%, 51 °C and 18 h. The hydrolysate at the optimized conditions contained higher hesperetin and naringenin contents and TPC compared with those before hydrolysis, by 251.7-, 45.5-, and 2.6-fold, respectively. This hydrolysate can be utilized in the production of functional beverages with high added values.
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Xie J, Chen J, Mei XR, Zhu MJ, Li XL, Du J, Zhang XY. Biotransformation of Phlorizin by Eurotium cristatum to Increase the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Docynia indica Leaves. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1590-1601. [PMID: 33686505 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Docynia indica is used as a plant resource for both medicine and food in minority areas of southwestern China and Southeast of Asia, especially Docynia indica leaves, which are often used as a kind of functional tea in daily life. In our previous research, it has found that D. indica is rich in polyphenols (mainly phlorizin (PHZ)). Although PHZ is the first polyphenolic competitive inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose transporters (SGLTs) to be discovered, the promotion and application of PHZ are limited due to its extremely low bioavailability. As a kind of aglycons, phloretin (PHT) possesses a better bioavailability and bioactivity than PHZ. Therefore, the conversion of PHZ to PHT in D. indica leaves by the method of biotransformation can be applied to solve the above issue. In this study, Aspergillus niger and Eurotium cristatum were used to transform PHZ to PHT in D. indica. Compared with Aspergillus niger, Eurotium cristatum can cause the equimolar conversion of PHZ to PHT. However, Aspergillus niger resulted in the complete degradation of PHZ. In the process of deep fermentation, PHZ in D. indica leaves was gradually biotransformed into PHT, and its content was as high as ~ 12% after fermentation. With the increase of PHT content, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Docynia indica leaves increased. By the acute toxicity evaluation, it was confirmed that Docynia indica leaves and Eurotium cristatum fermented leaves were much safer. These results indicate that Eurotium cristatum fermentation has the ability to transform the functional compounds in Docynia indica leaves and increase the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Docynia indica, thus making it a substitute for PHT and functional tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Longquan, No. 1819 Chen Long Avenue, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Longquan, No. 1819 Chen Long Avenue, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ran Mei
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jun Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Longquan, No. 1819 Chen Long Avenue, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Li Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Longquan, No. 1819 Chen Long Avenue, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- College of Geography and Resource Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Longquan, No. 1819 Chen Long Avenue, Chengdu, 610101, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Nam SH, Cho HS, Jeong H, Lee BB, Cho YS, Rameeza F, Eun JB. Physiochemical properties, dietary fibers, and functional characterization of three yuzu cultivars at five harvesting times. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:117-127. [PMID: 33552623 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This research focused on physiochemical and nutritional properties and functional characterization of three cultivars of yuzu-Native, Tadanishiki yuzu, and Namhae1-during different seasons. According to the cultivar and harvest time, yuzu cultivars were analyzed for free sugar, dietary fiber, hesperidin, naringin, and flavonoid content as well as antioxidant and antihypertensive activity. During November, Namhae1 exhibited the highest fruit weight, °Brix/acidity ratio, and total dietary fiber content. Tadanishiki contained the highest fructose and sucrose levels, pectin and cellulose contents, and soluble dietary fiber. Tadanishiki also had the highest hesperidin content in October, while the naringin content and antioxidant activity were the greatest in November. Antihypertensive activity was also the strongest for Tadanishiki, which was picked in October and November. These results indicated that Tadanishiki in October or November was the best for consumption or favorable processing because of its excellent product quality and high levels of nutritional and functional compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Nam
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Cho
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Bo-Bae Lee
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Youn-Sup Cho
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Fatima Rameeza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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Kim JW, Jo EH, Moon JE, Cha H, Chang MH, Cho HT, Lee MK, Jung WS, Lee JH, Heo W, Kim YJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effect of Citrus Junos Tanaka Peel Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptotic Death of Lung Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1231. [PMID: 33291640 PMCID: PMC7761914 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stresses derived from both internal and external oxidative environments lead to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing progressive intracellular oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Citrus junos Tanaka peel extract (CE) against oxidative-stress induced the apoptosis of lung cells and the associated mechanisms of action using in vitro and in vivo models. The protective effect of CE was evaluated in vitro in NCI-H460 human lung cells exposed to pro-oxidant H2O2. The preventive effect of CE (200 mg/kg/day, 10 days) against pulmonary injuries following acrolein inhalation (10 ppm for 12 h) was investigated using an in vivo mouse model. Herein, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of CE against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells under a highly oxidative environment. The function of CE is linked with its ability to suppress ROS-dependent, p53-mediated apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective role of CE against apoptotic pulmonary injuries associated with the inhalation of acrolein, a ubiquitous and highly oxidizing environmental respiratory pollutant, through the attenuation of oxidative stress. The results indicated that CE exhibits a protective effect against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells in both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Eun Hee Jo
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Ji Eun Moon
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Hanvit Cha
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Moon Han Chang
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Hyung Taek Cho
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Min Kook Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Wan Sik Jung
- Immunotech, Inc., Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31094, Korea;
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
- Institutes of Natural Sciences, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea
| | - Wan Heo
- Institutes of Natural Sciences, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
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12
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Kim DS, Lim SB. Extraction of flavanones from immature Citrus unshiu pomace: process optimization and antioxidant evaluation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19950. [PMID: 33203922 PMCID: PMC7673033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary guidelines recommend the consumption of flavonoid-rich extracts for several health benefits. Although immature Citrus unshiu pomace (ICUP) contains high levels of flavanone glycosides, many studies have concentrated on the optimization of flavonoid extraction from mature citrus peels. Therefore, we developed an optimized extraction method for hesperidin and narirutin from ICUP, and evaluated their antioxidant activities using ten different assay methods. The extraction conditions for the highest flavonoid yields based on a response surface methodology were 80.3 °C, 58.4% (ethanol concentration), 40 mL/g (solvent/feed), and 30 min, where the hesperidin and narirutin yields were 66.6% and 82.3%, respectively. The number of extractions was also optimized as two extraction steps, where the hesperidin and narirutin yields were 92.1% and 97.2%, respectively. Ethanol was more effective than methanol and acetone. The ethanol extract showed high scavenging activities against reactive oxygen species but relatively low scavenging activities for nitrogen radicals and reactive nitrogen species. The antioxidant activities showed a higher correlation with hesperidin content than narirutin content in the extracts. This study confirms the potential of an optimized method for producing antioxidant-rich extracts for the functional food and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Shin Kim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bin Lim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Lončarić A, Matanović K, Ferrer P, Kovač T, Šarkanj B, Skendrović Babojelić M, Lores M. Peel of Traditional Apple Varieties as a Great Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction by Micro-Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion. Foods 2020; 9:E80. [PMID: 31940769 PMCID: PMC7022635 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro matrix solid phase dispersion (micro-MSPD) was optimized by response surface methodology for the extraction of polyphenols from the peel of twelve traditional and eight commercial apple varieties grown in Croatia. The optimized micro-MSPD procedure includes the use of 0.2 g of sample, 0.8 g of dispersant, a 57% solution of methanol in water as the solvent and 5 mL of extract volume. The total polyphenolic index (TPI) and antioxidant activity (AA) were measured by spectrophotometric assays. Eighteen polyphenolic compounds were identified in all investigated apples by HPLC-DAD and LC-(ESI)-MS. The peel of traditional apple varieties had higher contents of all investigated polyphenols. Calculated relative contribution of polyphenol groups indicated non-flavonoids (28.6%) and flavanols (46.2%) as the major contributors to the total polyphenolic content in traditional and commercial apple varieties, respectively. The most abundant polyphenol in traditional apple peel was chlorogenic acid, procyanidin B2 and epicatechin (1143 ± 755 µg/g dw, 954 ± 343 µg/g dw and 560 ± 362 µg/g dw, respectively). The peel of varieties 'Apistar', 'Bobovac' and 'Božićnica' could be highlighted as an important source of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante Lončarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Katarina Matanović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Perla Ferrer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Tihomir Kovač
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Bojan Šarkanj
- Department of Food Technology, University Centre Koprivnica, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia;
| | | | - Marta Lores
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.F.); (M.L.)
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Hernández-Carlos B, Francenia Santos-Sánchez N, Salas-Coronado R, Villanueva-Cañongo C, Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza P. Antioxidant Compounds from Agro-Industrial Residue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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15
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Nakilcioğlu-Taş E, Ötleş S. The optimization of solid–liquid extraction of polyphenols from olive stone by response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Iglesias-Carres L, Mas-Capdevila A, Bravo FI, Aragonès G, Muguerza B, Arola-Arnal A. Optimization of a polyphenol extraction method for sweet orange pulp (Citrus sinensis L.) to identify phenolic compounds consumed from sweet oranges. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211267. [PMID: 30699169 PMCID: PMC6353169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of sweet oranges has been linked to several health benefits, many of which are attributed to hesperidin, a flavanone that is present in high amounts in these fruits. However, other phenolic compounds can contribute to the bioactivity of sweet orange. To link those effects to their phenolic profile, the complete characterization of the phenolic profile is mandatory. Although many studies have profiled the phenolic composition of orange juices, their pulps, which retain phenolic compounds, are overlooked. This fact is particularly relevant because dietary guidelines recommend the consumption of whole fruits. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a specific method for the optimal extraction of phenolics from orange pulp and to use this method to characterize these fruits grown at different locations by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The extraction conditions that reported the highest total polyphenol content (TPC) and hesperidin contents were 20 mL/g, 55 °C, and 90% methanol. The extraction time and number of sequential steps were further evaluated and optimized as 20 min and two extraction steps, respectively. Although lower extraction rates were achieved when using ethanol as the extraction solvent, high TPC and hesperidin yields were obtained, suggesting the potential use of this methodology to produce phenolic-rich extracts for the food industry. By applying the optimized methodology and analyzing the extracts by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, geographic cultivation regions were demonstrated to affect the phenolic profiles of oranges. In short, we developed a quick, easy-to-perform methodology that can be used to extract orange phenolics from pulp for their identification and quantification and to evaluate the factors that affect the phenolic profile in sweet orange pulps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Mas-Capdevila
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisca I Bravo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain.,Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Arola-Arnal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, Spain
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17
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Karasawa MMG, Mohan C. Fruits as Prospective Reserves of bioactive Compounds: A Review. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2018; 8:335-346. [PMID: 30069678 PMCID: PMC6109443 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-018-0186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive natural products have always played a significant role as novel therapeutical agents irrespective of their source of origin. They have a profound effect on human health by both direct and indirect means and also possess immense medicinal properties. Fruit species are largely appreciated and highly consumed throughout the world. Epidemiologic information supports the association between high intake of fruits and low risk of chronic diseases. There are several biological reasons why the consumption of fruits might reduce or prevent chronic diseases. Fruits are rich sources of nutrients and energy, have vitamins, minerals, fiber and numerous other classes of biologically active compounds. Moreover, parts of the fruit crops like fruit peels, leaves and barks also possess medicinal properties and have been included in this review. The most important activities discussed in this review include antidiabetic, anticancer, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, stimulation of the immune system, cell detoxification, cholesterol synthesis, anticonvulsant and their ability to lower blood pressure. Several phytochemicals involved in this context are described with special emphasis on their structural properties and their relativity with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chakravarthi Mohan
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Metabolite profiling and antioxidant activities of white, red, and black rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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19
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Uysal S, Cvetanović A, Zengin G, Đurović S, Zeković Z, Aktumsek A. Effects of Orange Leaves Extraction Conditions on Antioxidant and Phenolic Content: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1382501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sengul Uysal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Republic of Turkey
| | - Aleksandra Cvetanović
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Republic of Turkey
| | - Saša Đurović
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Zoran Zeković
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Republic of Turkey
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A comprehensive study of polyphenols contents and antioxidant potential of 39 widely used spices and food condiments. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Kim DE, Shang X, Assefa AD, Keum YS, Saini RK. Metabolite profiling of green, green/red, and red lettuce cultivars: Variation in health beneficial compounds and antioxidant potential. Food Res Int 2018; 105:361-370. [PMID: 29433225 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Salad vegetables, commonly consumed at baby-leaf stages, are the most appropriate and emerging dietary source of antioxidant compounds. Screening and identification of nutrient-rich cultivars can be potentially useful to obtain a nutrient-dense diet. Thus, in this study, we explored the genetic potential of baby leaves of 23 diverse lettuce cultivars for the health-beneficial metabolites. The results showed that the composition and contents of the studied metabolites in lettuces varied significantly between cultivars and were principally dependent on leaf color. All red-leaf cultivars were rich in carotenoids, cyanidin, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, primarily in the form of α-linolenic and linoleic acid,) total phenolic contents (TPC), and antioxidant potential. Among carotenoids, all-E-lutein was found in highest amount, followed by all-E-violaxanthin and all-E-lactucaxanthin, accounting for an average of 30%, 28% and 15% of total carotenoids, respectively. The content of total folate was recorded in the range of 6.51 (cv. Caesar Green) to 9.73μg/g (DW) (cv. Asia Heuk Romaine). The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the cyanidin and other phenolic compounds are the most potent scavengers of ABTS and DPPH radicals. The overall results suggested that all red-leaf lettuce cultivars have a distinct profile of phytoconstituents, which can be used as a nutrient-dense food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Eun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Phenolic compounds from date pits: ultrasonic-assisted extraction, antioxidant activity and component identification. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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23
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Meng Q, Fan H, Li Y, Zhang L. Effect of drying methods on physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of Dendrobium officinale. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Shams R, Abu-Khudir R, Ali EM. Sulforaphane, polyphenols and related anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities changes of Egyptian broccoli during growth. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Assefa AD, Saini RK, Keum YS. Fatty acids, tocopherols, phenolic and antioxidant properties of six citrus fruit species: a comparative study. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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