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Al-Jamal H, Idriss S, Roufayel R, Abi Khattar Z, Fajloun Z, Sabatier JM. Treating COVID-19 with Medicinal Plants: Is It Even Conceivable? A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2024; 16:320. [PMID: 38543686 PMCID: PMC10974729 DOI: 10.3390/v16030320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) challenged the world with a global outbreak that led to millions of deaths worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the symptomatic manifestation of this virus, which can range from flu-like symptoms to utter clinical complications and even death. Since there was no clear medicine that could tackle this infection or lower its complications with minimal adverse effects on the patients' health, the world health organization (WHO) developed awareness programs to lower the infection rate and limit the fast spread of this virus. Although vaccines have been developed as preventative tools, people still prefer going back to traditional herbal medicine, which provides remarkable health benefits that can either prevent the viral infection or limit the progression of severe symptoms through different mechanistic pathways with relatively insignificant side effects. This comprehensive review provides scientific evidence elucidating the effect of 10 different plants against SARS-CoV-2, paving the way for further studies to reconsider plant-based extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, into more advanced clinical assessments in order to identify their impact on patients suffering from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Al-Jamal
- Faculty of Public Health 3, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1100, Lebanon;
| | - Sara Idriss
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | - Ziad Abi Khattar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Kalhat, Tripoli P.O. Box 100, Lebanon;
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences 3, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Sabatier
- INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385 Marseille, France
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Emire Z, Yabalak E. Can Origanum be a hope for cancer treatment? A review on the potential of Origanum species in preventing and treating cancers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:894-910. [PMID: 35414316 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2064437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of aromatic Origanum species belonging to Lamiaceae family to prevent and treat cancer was investigated. Since aromatic plants contain phytochemicals such as essential oils, phenolic acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamins, enzymes and minerals with beneficial biological activities, they have become more interesting and important in medicine, pharmacy and industry. Publications/research between 1950 and 2022 were screened to investigate the effects of Origanum species on cancer, and the effects of their extracts and essential oils in cancer prevention and treatment. Essential phytochemicals found in plants provide efficacy in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Besides, the essential oils found in these plant extracts are another reason that makes them important. Therefore, it is preferred in traditional medicine in the fight against many diseases as well as cancer. Essential oils of Origanum species mainly contain monoterpenes such as p-cymene, carvacrol, thymol and γ-terpinene. Since these compounds exhibit anticancer properties, Origanum species are becoming the plants of choice in the fight against cancer. In this context, Origanum majorana L. Origanum vulgare and Origanum munzurense are promising species, considering the composition of their extracts and essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Emire
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Erdal Yabalak
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Chemical and antioxidant diversity of essential oils of some Salvia species from Turkey. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Luca SV, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Trifan A. Post-Distillation By-Products of Aromatic Plants from Lamiaceae Family as Rich Sources of Antioxidants and Enzyme Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010210. [PMID: 36671072 PMCID: PMC9855019 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently no use for the vast quantities of post-distillation by-products, such as spent plant materials and residual waters, produced by the essential oil (EO) industry of aromatic herbs. In this study, the EOs of three Lamiaceae species (thyme, oregano, and basil) and their total, spent, and residual water extracts were phytochemically characterized and biologically assessed. The collected information was put through a series of analyses, including principal component analysis, heatmap analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. Concerning the EOs, 58 volatile compounds were present in thyme (e.g., p-cymene, thymol), 44 compounds in oregano (e.g., thymol, carvacrol), and 67 compounds in basil (e.g., eucalyptol, linalool, estragole, (E)-methyl cinnamate). The LC-HRMS/MS analysis of the total, spent, and residual water extracts showed the presence of 31 compounds in thyme (e.g., quercetin-O-hexoside, pebrellin, eriodictyol), 31 compounds in oregano (e.g., rosmarinic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, salvianolic acids I, B, and E), and 25 compounds in basil (e.g., fertaric acid, cichoric acid, caftaric acid, salvianolic acid A). The EOs of the three Lamiaceae species showed the highest metal-reducing properties (up to 1792.32 mg TE/g in the CUPRAC assay), whereas the spent extracts of oregano and basil displayed very high radical-scavenging properties (up to 266.59 mg TE/g in DPPH assay). All extracts exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase (up to 3.29 mg GALAE/g), anti-tyrosinase (up to 70.00 mg KAE/g), anti-amylase (up to 0.66 mmol ACAE/g), and anti-glucosidase (up to 1.22 mmol ACAE/g) effects. Thus, the present research demonstrated that both the raw extracts (EOs and total extracts) and the post-distillation by-products (spent material and residual water extracts) are rich in bioactive metabolites with antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | | | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Effects of Different Processing Methods Based on Different Drying Conditions on the Active Ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154860. [PMID: 35956808 PMCID: PMC9369592 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to the traditional processing method, fresh processing can significantly enhance the preservation of biologically active ingredients and reduce processing time. This study evaluated the influences of fresh and traditional processing based on different drying conditions (sun drying, oven drying and shade drying) on the active ingredients in the roots and rhizomes of S. miltiorrhiza. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized to determine the contents of six active ingredients in the roots and rhizomes of S. miltiorrhiza. The data were analyzed by fingerprint similarity evaluation, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results suggest that compared to the traditional processing method, the fresh processing method may significantly increase the preservation of biologically active ingredients. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that among the three drying methods under fresh processing conditions, the shade-drying (21.02–26.38%) method is most beneficial for retaining the active ingredients in the roots and rhizomes of S. miltiorrhiza. Moreover, the fingerprint analysis identified 17 common peaks, and the similarity of fingerprints among samples processed by different methods ranged from 0.989 to 1.000. Collectively, these results suggest novel processing methods that may improve the yield of active ingredients for S. miltiorrhiza and may be implemented for industrial production.
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Yiğit R, Çoklar H, Akbulut M. Some physicochemical and phytochemical properties of Syringa vulgaris L. flower tea: influence of flower drying technique, brewing method and brewing time. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Corrêa ANR, Ferreira CD. Essential oil for the control of fungi, bacteria, yeasts and viruses in food: an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8960-8974. [PMID: 35416734 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2062588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review begins with a general introduction to essential oils (EO) and their relation to food and microorganisms. Classification and characteristics of EO, addressing the major compounds with antimicrobial action. Subsequently, the main microorganisms followed by a collection of the main works published in recent years that approached the influence of the EO on the protection against microorganisms and food decontamination. At last, the major gaps and future perspectives on the subject. Using EO for fighting food contamination is a way of sustainably supplying the need for new antimicrobials to ensure microbial safety and is a viable source to solve the problem of current microbial resistance. Form of application, EO composition and microbiological load are reported as the responsible factors for the treatment's success. The EO's effects on fungi and bacteria are already well known, but its effect on viruses and yeasts is something to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldrey Nathália Ribeiro Corrêa
- Technological Institute in Food for Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Dietrich Ferreira
- Technological Institute in Food for Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Qin HW, Yang TM, Yang SB, Yang MQ, Wang YZ, Zhang JY. Effects of Different Pre-drying and Drying Methods on Volatile Compounds in the Pericarp and Kernel of Amomum tsao-ko. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:803776. [PMID: 35283869 PMCID: PMC8914167 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.803776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of twelve different pre-drying and drying methods on the chemical composition in the pericarp and kernel of Amomum tsao-ko were studied. The volatile components were isolated from the samples by simultaneous distillation and extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sixty and thirty-eight compounds were identified from pericarp and kernel, respectively, and the main constituents were oxygenated monoterpenes. These compounds were not only significantly affected by pre-drying and drying methods but also varied in content due to different tissue locations. The total volatile content of pericarp varied from 0.70 to 1.55%, with the highest obtained by microwave-dried samples (150 W) and the lowest in freeze-dried samples. The total volatile content of the kernel varied from 6.11 to 10.69%, with the highest content obtained during sun drying (SD) and the lowest content in samples treated with boiling water for 2 min. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the highest compounds in pericarp and kernel, which were also the most affected by drying methods. The highest content of oxygenated monoterpenes in the pericarp (0.77%) could be obtained by boiling water treatment for 5 min, and the highest content of oxygenated monoterpenes in the kernel (7.48%) could be obtained by SD. Additionally, the main components such as 1,8-cineole, 2-carene, (Z)-citral, nerolidol, (Z)-2-decenal, (E)-2-dodecenal, citral, (E)-2-octenal, 4-propylbenzaldehyde, and phthalan showed remarkable variations in pre-drying and drying methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-wei Qin
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Tian-mei Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Shao-bing Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Mei-quan Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-zhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-yu Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Punetha A, Chauhan A, Kumar D, KT V, Upadhyay R, Padalia R. Productivity and essential oil quality of Himalayan Thyme (Thymus linearis Benth.) in relation to plant densities and drying methods. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2036645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjita Punetha
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
| | - Amit Chauhan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
| | - Dipender Kumar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
| | - Venkatesha KT
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
| | - R.K. Upadhyay
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
| | - R.C. Padalia
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Pantnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Human Resource Development 13 Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, India
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Hazrati S, Lotfi K, Govahi M, Ebadi M. A comparative study: Influence of various drying methods on essential oil components and biological properties of Stachys lavandulifolia. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2612-2619. [PMID: 34026076 PMCID: PMC8116876 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Stachys is a member of the Lamiaceae family. These are important medicinal plants which grow all over the world and are known for their flavoring and therapeutic effects and Stachys lavandulifolia is an endemic species of Iran. To acquire high-quality essential oil (EO), drying technique was implemented which is an essential part of this process. The present study designed to evaluate the influences of different drying techniques (fresh sample, shade, sunlight, freeze-drying, microwave, and oven-drying (40, 60, and 80°C) on EO yield and composition of S. lavandulifolia. The results indicated that the maximum EO yield was obtained by the shade-drying method. The main compounds found in the fresh samples were spathulenol, myrcene, β-pinene, δ-cadinene, and α-muurolol, while spathulenol, cyrene, δ-cadinene, p-cymene, decane, α-terpinene, β-pinene, and intermedeol were found to be the dominant compounds in the dry samples. Drying techniques were found to have a significant impact on the values of the main compositions, for example, monoterpene hydrocarbons such as α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, and β-phellandrene were significantly reduced by microwave drying, oven-drying (40, 60, and 80°C), and sunlight-drying methods. Drying techniques increased the antioxidant activity of S. lavandulifolia EOs especially those acquired by freeze-drying with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 101.8 ± 0.8 mg/ml in DPPH assay and 315.2 ± 2.1 mg/ml in decreasing power assay. As a result, shade-, sun-, and oven-drying (40°C) were found to be the most important techniques for attaining maximum yields of EO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Hazrati
- Department of AgronomyFaculty of AgricultureAzarbaijan Shahid Madani UniversityTabrizIran
| | - Kazem Lotfi
- Department of AgronomyFaculty of AgricultureAzarbaijan Shahid Madani UniversityTabrizIran
| | - Mostafa Govahi
- Department of Nano BiotechnologyFaculty of BiotechnologyAmol University of Special Modern TechnologiesAmolIran
| | - Mohammad‐Taghi Ebadi
- Department of Horticultural ScienceFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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11
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Differences in the Aroma Profile of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) after Different Drying Conditions. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13095083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to examine the influence of drying methods on the essential oil of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and its chemical composition. Chamomile flower heads were dried using five different methods: sunlight for 72 h; shade for 1 week; oven at 40 °C for 72 h; solar dryer for 72 h; and microwave for 5 min. Drying methods had slight and nonsignificant impacts on dry biomass of flower heads. The highest percentages of oil in flowers (0.35–0.50%) were observed after solar-drying methods, and the lowest percentage of oil was found after microwave drying (0.24–0.33%). Drying methods significantly influenced the number of identified compounds. The maximum was identified after solar drying (21 compounds), while the lowest was identified after microwave drying (13 compounds), which revealed the solar ability to preserve compounds in contrast to microwave, which crushed the compounds. Major compounds were α-bisabolol oxide A (33.0–50.5%), (Z)-tonghaosu (10.0–18.7%), α-bisabolol oxide B (8.2–15.4%), α-bisabolone oxide A (5.4–14.6%), and chamazulene (1.9–5.2%) of essential oil. Drying methods clearly affected major compounds’ content as the lowest α-bisabolol oxide A was after sun drying, and the lowest α-bisabolol oxide B was after solar drying. (Z)-tonghaosu increased during drying compared to fresh flowers. Solar drying maintained higher chamazulene content (3.0%) compared to other drying methods. The results of this study suggest that drying under the shady conditions preserved chemical composition of essential oil with higher α-bisabolol content compared to other drying methods.
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Ocak B. Gum arabic and collagen hydrolysate extracted from hide fleshing wastes as novel wall materials for microencapsulation of Origanum onites L. essential oil through complex coacervation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42727-42737. [PMID: 32720020 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Renewable resource-based biodegradable materials attract more attention than petroleum-based biodegradable materials to support the sustainable development of ecology. Obtaining collagen hydrolysate (CH) from hide fleshing wastes of leather industry is an environmentally friendly way to develop multifunctional materials that can contribute to technological advances in different industries. In this study, 2:1, 1:1, and 1 2 ratios of gum arabic (GA) and CH extracted from hide fleshing waste were used as wall materials to encapsulate Origanum onites L. essential oil (OOEO) using the complex coacervation method. The encapsulation yield and efficiency, functional group composition, particle size, morphology, and thermal stability of the obtained OOEO microcapsules were characterized. The results showed that the obtained microcapsules had high encapsulation yield and efficiency, as well as good functional properties such as uniform morphology and low water activity. The best mass ratio for the biopolymers (GA:CH) was 1:1. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that OOEO microcapsule samples had a spherical shape. FTIR analysis was performed on obtained microcapsules, confirming the molecular interactions between GA and CH. These findings can be useful in designing an ideal wall material using GA and CH for microencapsulation of essential oils by the complex coacervation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugra Ocak
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Leather Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
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ÖZER Z. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf and Flower Essential Oils of Origanum onites L. Growing in Mount Ida-Turkey. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.780334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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14
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Kinetic Mechanism of Hazelnut Oil Extraction with Ultrasound-Assisted Osmotic Dehydration Pretreatment. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Sharifi-Rad M, Berkay Yılmaz Y, Antika G, Salehi B, Tumer TB, Kulandaisamy Venil C, Das G, Patra JK, Karazhan N, Akram M, Iqbal M, Imran M, Sen S, Acharya K, Dey A, Sharifi-Rad J. Phytochemical constituents, biological activities, and health-promoting effects of the genus Origanum. Phytother Res 2020; 35:95-121. [PMID: 32789910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Origanum species are mostly distributed around the Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Iran-Siberian regions. Since time immemorial, the genus has popularly been used in Southern Europe, as well as on the American continent as a spice now known all over the world under the name "oregano" or "pizza-spice." Origanum plants are also employed to prepare bitter tinctures, wines, vermouths, beer, and kvass. The major components of Origanum essential oil are various terpenes, phenols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids with predominant occurrence of carvacrol and thymol (with reasonable amounts of p-cymen and -terpinene) or of terpinene-4-ol, linalool, and sabinene hydrate. Many species of Origanum genus are used to treat kidney, digestive, nervous, and respiratory disorders, spasms, sore throat, diabetes, lean menstruation, hypertension, cold, insomnia, toothache, headache, epilepsy, urinary tract infections, etc. Origanum essential oil showed potent bioactivities owing to its major constituents' carvacrol, thymol, and monoterpenes. Several preclinical studies evidenced its pharmacological potential as antiproliferative or anticancer, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, renoprotective, antiinflammatory, vasoprotective, cardioprotective, antinociceptive, insecticidal, and hepatoprotective properties. Its nanotechnological applications as a promising pharmaceutical in order to enhance the solubility, physicochemical stability, and the accumulation rate of its essential oils have been investigated. However, Origanum has been reported causing angioedema, perioral dermatitis, allergic reaction, inhibition of platelet aggregation, hypoglycemia, and abortion. Conclusive evidences are still required for its clinical applications against human medical conditions. Toxicity analyses and risk assessment will aid to its safe and efficacious application. In addition, elaborate structure-activity studies are needed to explore the potential use of Origanum-derived phytochemicals as promising drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yakup Berkay Yılmaz
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Gizem Antika
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | | | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & medical Converged Science, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & medical Converged Science, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Natallia Karazhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the EE VSMU, Vitebsk, Belarus
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Directorate of Medical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Iqbal
- Institute of Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Surjit Sen
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.,Department of Botany, Fakir Chand College, Diamond Harbour, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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Diniz do Nascimento L, Barbosa de Moraes AA, Santana da Costa K, Pereira Galúcio JM, Taube PS, Leal Costa CM, Neves Cruz J, de Aguiar Andrade EH, Guerreiro de Faria LJ. Bioactive Natural Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Spice Plants: New Findings and Potential Applications. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070988. [PMID: 32630297 PMCID: PMC7407208 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spice plants have a great influence on world history. For centuries, different civilizations have used them to condiment the foods of kings and nobles and applied them as embalming preservatives, perfumes, cosmetics, and medicines in different regions of the world. In general, these plants have formed the basis of traditional medicine and some of their derived substances have been utilized to treat different human diseases. Essential oils (EOs) obtained from these plants have been also used as therapeutic agents and have shown supportive uses in remedial practices. The discovery and development of bioactive compounds from these natural products, based on their traditional uses, play an important role in developing the scientific evidence of their potential pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications. In the present review, using recent studies, we exhibit a general overview of the main aspects related to the importance of spice plants widely used in traditional medicine: Cinnamomum zeylanicum (true cinnamon), Mentha piperita (peppermint), Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (oregano), Piper nigrum (black pepper), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), and Thymus vulgaris (thyme); and we discuss new findings of the bioactive compounds obtained from their EOs, their potential applications, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action, focusing on their antioxidant activity. We also exhibit the main in vitro methods applied to determine the antioxidant activities of these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Diniz do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
- Correspondence: or (L.D.d.N.); (K.S.d.C.); Tel.: +55-91-3217-6086 (L.D.d.N.); +55-93-2101-6771 (K.S.d.C.)
| | - Angelo Antônio Barbosa de Moraes
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Kauê Santana da Costa
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
- Correspondence: or (L.D.d.N.); (K.S.d.C.); Tel.: +55-91-3217-6086 (L.D.d.N.); +55-93-2101-6771 (K.S.d.C.)
| | - João Marcos Pereira Galúcio
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
| | - Paulo Sérgio Taube
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
| | - Cristiane Maria Leal Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
| | - Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
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Bhatt S, Tewari G, Pande C, Punetha D, Prakash O. Antioxidative potential and compositional variation among Origanum vulgare L. collected from different districts of Kumaun Himalayas, Uttarakhand. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2020.1720834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Geeta Tewari
- Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Chitra Pande
- Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepshekha Punetha
- Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, CBSH, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Comparison of different drying methods on bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) peel waste: changes in physical (density and color) and essential oil (yield, composition, antioxidant and antibacterial) properties of powders. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Bettaieb Rebey I, Bourgou S, Ben Kaab S, Aidi Wannes W, Ksouri R, Saidani Tounsi M, Fauconnier ML. On the effect of initial drying techniques on essential oil composition, phenolic compound and antioxidant properties of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hazrati S, Farnia P, Habibzadeh F, Mollaei S. Effect of different drying techniques on qualitative and quantitative properties of Stachys Schtschegleevii
essential oil. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Hazrati
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy; Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University; Tabriz Iran
| | - Poopak Farnia
- Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Farhad Habibzadeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Departmet of Genetics and Plant Breeding; Imam Khomeini International University; Qazvin Iran
| | - Saeed Mollaei
- Faculty of Sciences, Phytochemical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University; Tabriz Iran
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Ghasemzadeh A, Jaafar HZE, Baghdadi A, Tayebi-Meigooni A. Formation of 6-, 8- and 10-Shogaol in Ginger through Application of Different Drying Methods: Altered Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:E1646. [PMID: 29976903 PMCID: PMC6099745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingerols and shogaols are compounds found in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe); shogaols are found in lower concentration than gingerols but exhibit higher biological activities. This work studied the effects of different drying methods including open sun drying (OSD) solar tunnel drying (STD) and hot air drying (HAD) with various temperature on the formation of six main active compounds in ginger rhizomes, namely 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols and 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaols, as well as essential oil content. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of dried ginger was also evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that after HAD with variable temperature (120, 150 and 180 °C), contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols decreased, while contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol increased. High formation of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol contents were observed in HAD (at 150 °C for 6 h) followed by STD and OSD, respectively. OSD exhibited high content of essential oil followed by STD and HAD method. Ginger-treated with HAD exhibited the highest DPPH (IC50 of 57.8 mg/g DW) and FRAP (493.8 µM of Fe(II)/g DM) activity, compared to STD and OSD method. HAD ginger exhibited potent antimicrobial activity with lower minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value against bacteria strains followed by STD and OSD, respectively. Ginger extracts showed more potent antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria than Gram negative bacteria strains. Result of this study confirmed that conversion of gingerols to shogaols was significantly affected by different drying temperature and time. HAD at 150 °C for 6 h, provides a method for enhancing shogaols content in ginger rhizomes with improving antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hawa Z E Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ali Baghdadi
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Amin Tayebi-Meigooni
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1987973133, Iran.
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