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Srinivasan SS, Alshareef A, Hwang A, Byrne C, Kuosmanen J, Ishida K, Jenkins J, Liu S, Madani WAM, Hayward AM, Fabian N, Traverso G. A vibrating ingestible bioelectronic stimulator modulates gastric stretch receptors for illusory satiety. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj3003. [PMID: 38134286 PMCID: PMC10745699 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapies for obesity require invasive surgical and endoscopic interventions or high patient adherence, making it challenging for patients with obesity to effectively manage their disease. Gastric mechanoreceptors sense distension of the stomach and perform volume-dependent vagal signaling to initiate the gastric phase and influence satiety. In this study, we developed a new luminal stimulation modality to specifically activate these gastric stretch receptors to elicit a vagal afferent response commensurate with mechanical distension. We designed the Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator (VIBES) pill, an ingestible device that performs luminal vibratory stimulation to activate mechanoreceptors and stroke mucosal receptors, which induces serotonin release and yields a hormonal metabolic response commensurate with a fed state. We evaluated VIBES across 108 meals in swine which consistently led to diminished food intake (~40%, P < 0.0001) and minimized the weight gain rate (P < 0.05) as compared to untreated controls. Application of mechanoreceptor biology could transform our capacity to help patients suffering from nutritional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya S. Srinivasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Amro Alshareef
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexandria Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ceara Byrne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johannes Kuosmanen
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Keiko Ishida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joshua Jenkins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sabrina Liu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wiam Abdalla Mohammed Madani
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alison M. Hayward
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Niora Fabian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Srinivasan SS, Alshareef A, Hwang A, Bryne C, Kuosmann J, Ishida K, Jenkins J, Liu S, Madani WAM, Hayward AM, Fabian N, Traverso G. A Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator Modulates Gastric Stretch Receptors for Illusory Satiety. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.17.549257. [PMID: 37503258 PMCID: PMC10370054 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.17.549257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapies for obesity either require invasive surgical or endoscopic interventions or high patient adherence, making it challenging for the nearly 42% of American adults who suffer from obesity to effectively manage their disease. Gastric mechanoreceptors sense distension of the stomach and perform volume-dependent vagal signaling to initiate the gastric phase and influence satiety. In this study, we developed a new luminal stimulation modality to specifically activate these gastric stretch receptors to elicit a vagal afferent response commensurate with mechanical distension. Here we developed the Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator (VIBES) pill - an ingestible device that performs luminal vibratory stimulation to activate mechanoreceptors and stroke mucosal receptors, which induces serotonin release as well as yields a hormonal metabolic response commensurate with a fed state. We evaluated VIBES across 108 meals in swine which consistently led to diminished food intake (~40%, p< 0.0001) and minimized the weight gain rate (p< 0.03) as compared to untreated controls. Application of mechanoreceptor biology could transform our capacity to help patients suffering from nutritional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya S. Srinivasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Society of Fellows, Harvard University
| | - Amro Alshareef
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Alexandria Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ceara Bryne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johannes Kuosmann
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Keiko Ishida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Joshua Jenkins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sabrina Liu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Wiam Abdalla Mohammed Madani
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Alison M Hayward
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Niora Fabian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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Kapralou AN, Chrousos GP. Metabolic effects of truncal vagotomy when combined with bariatric-metabolic surgery. Metabolism 2022; 135:155263. [PMID: 35835160 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bariatric-metabolic surgery (BMS) in patients with obesity frequently leads to remission of concurrent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), even before body weight loss takes place. This is probably based on the correction of a dysmetabolic cycle in the gastrointestinal physiology of T2DM that includes increased vagus-dependent exocrine pancreatic secretion (EPS) and, hence, amplified digestion and nutrient absorption. The resultant chronic exposure of tissues to high plasma levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids causes tissue resistance to the actions of insulin and, at a later stage, β-cell dysfunction and reduction of insulin release. We hypothesize that the addition of a surgical truncal vagotomy (TV) may improve and solidify the beneficial results of BMS on T2DM by stably decreasing EPS, - hence reducing the digestion and absorption of nutrients -, and increasing incretin secretion as a result of increased delivery of unabsorbed nutrients to the distal intestine. This hypothesis is supported by surgical data from gastrointestinal malignancies and peptic ulcer operations that include TV, as well as by vagal blockade studies. We suggest that TV may result in a stable reduction of EPS, and that its combination with the appropriate type of BΜS, may enhance and sustain the salutary effects of the latter on T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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