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Wang X, Zhao X, Song X, He J. Diazo-functionalised immunoelectrochemical sensor for the detection of ochratoxin a in foods. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024; 41:699-713. [PMID: 38598095 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2339322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a toxic fungal metabolite that is commonly found in cereals and animal feed. It is economically damaging and potentially hazardous to human health. Herein, we propose an electrochemical immunosensor for the rapid detection of OTA using anti-OTA antibodies and diazonium-functionalized, screen-printed electrodes. We attached 4-aminobenzoic acid to an electrode surface, activated the carboxyl groups on the surface with carbodiimide, and attached an antibody to the diazo layer. Subsequently, we used bovine serum protein as a blocker to prevent non-specific antigens from binding to the antibody. We evaluated the performance of the sensor by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. The sensor is highly specific and sensitive, has good linear responses in the range 20-200 ng/mL, a limit of detection of 0.5 ng/mL, and good recoveries of 90.5%-100.9% in spiked samples. It can be stored at 4 °C for approximately 2 weeks, and is highly stable, with a current response variation of no more than 4.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyi Song
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxing He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
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2
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Hu C, Qin Z, Fu J, Gao Q, Chen C, Tan CS, Li S. Aptamer-based carbohydrate antigen 125 sensor with molybdenum disulfide functional hybrid materials. Anal Biochem 2023:115213. [PMID: 37355027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor of the female reproductive system with insidious symptoms, aggressiveness, risk of metastasis, and high mortality. Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), a standard biomarker for screening epithelial ovarian cancer, can be applied to track cancer progression and treatment response. Here, we constructed an aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor to achieve sensitive detection of CA125. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was used as the stable layered substrate, combined with the irregular branched structure of gold nanoflowers (AuNFs) to provide the sensing interface with a large specific surface area by one-step electrodeposition AuNFs@MoS2. The simplified electrode modification step increased the stability of the electrode while ensuring excellent electrochemical performance and providing many sulfhydryl binding sites. Then, AuNFs@MoS2/CA125 aptamer/MCH sensor was designed for CA125 detection. Based on AuNFs@MoS2 electrode, CA125 aptamer with sulfhydryl as the sensitive layer was fixed on the electrode by gold sulfur bonds. 6-Mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) was used to block the electrode and reduce the non-specific adsorption. Finally, DPV analysis was applied for CA125 detection with the range of 0.0001 U/mL to 500 U/mL. Our designed aptamer sensor showed reasonable specificity, reproducibility, and stability. Clinical sample testing also proved the consistency of our sensor with the gold standard in negative/positive judgment. This work demonstrated a novel strategy for integrating nanostructures and biocompatibility to build advanced cancer biomarker sensors with promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ziyue Qin
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qiya Gao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Cherie S Tan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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3
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Khan S, Cho WC, Sepahvand A, Haji Hosseinali S, Hussain A, Nejadi Babadaei MM, Sharifi M, Falahati M, Jaragh-Alhadad LA, Ten Hagen TLM, Li X. Electrochemical aptasensor based on the engineered core-shell MOF nanostructures for the detection of tumor antigens. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:136. [PMID: 37101280 PMCID: PMC10131368 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is essential to develop ultrasensitive biosensors for cancer detection and treatment monitoring. In the development of sensing platforms, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received considerable attention as potential porous crystalline nanostructures. Core-shell MOF nanoparticles (NPs) have shown different diversities, complexities, and biological functionalities, as well as significant electrochemical (EC) properties and potential bio-affinity to aptamers. As a result, the developed core-shell MOF-based aptasensors serve as highly sensitive platforms for sensing cancer biomarkers with an extremely low limit of detection (LOD). This paper aimed to provide an overview of different strategies for improving selectivity, sensitivity, and signal strength of MOF nanostructures. Then, aptamers and aptamers-modified core-shell MOFs were reviewed to address their functionalization and application in biosensing platforms. Additionally, the application of core-shell MOF-assisted EC aptasensors for detection of several tumor antigens such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), and other tumor markers were discussed. In conclusion, the present article reviews the advancement of potential biosensing platforms toward the detection of specific cancer biomarkers through the development of core-shell MOFs-based EC aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Afrooz Sepahvand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Haji Hosseinali
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Depatment of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Label-free optical and electrical immunoassays based on lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals: Implications of real-time detection and kinetic analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:115011. [PMID: 36549110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.115011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Conventional liquid crystal (LC)-based biosensors utilize predominantly thermotropic LCs as the signal-transducing media, which are less environmentally sustainable compared with lyotropic counterparts. In this study, the nematic phase of the anionic azo dye sunset yellow (SSY), a type of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs), was employed in the optical and electrical biosensing of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the cancer biomarker CA125. The optical response observed under a polarizing optical microscope was quantified by image analysis, taking advantage of the specific absorption of SSY. The electrical response derived from the dielectric spectra of SSY provided a new alternative for quantitative bioassay based on nematic LCLCs. The limit of detection (LOD) of the optical and electrical protein assay was ∼10-11- and ∼10-10-g/ml BSA, respectively, whereas that of the optical and electrical immunoassay was 5.97 × 10-11 and 6.02 × 10-12 g/ml for CA125, respectively. Moreover, real-time monitoring and kinetic analysis, which are hardly achievable for the hydrophobic thermotropic LCs, were demonstrated by dispersing CA125 in nematic SSY and subsequently recording the optical response over time during the specific binding between CA125 and the immobilized anti-CA125 antibody. Results from this study further the potential of nematic LCLCs in biosensing, especially in dielectric and real-time detection.
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Sanko V, Kuralay F. Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Cancer Diagnosis: Recent Achievements and Challenges. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030333. [PMID: 36979545 PMCID: PMC10046346 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With its fatal effects, cancer is still one of the most important diseases of today's world. The underlying fact behind this scenario is most probably due to its late diagnosis. That is why the necessity for the detection of different cancer types is obvious. Cancer studies including cancer diagnosis and therapy have been one of the most laborious tasks. Since its early detection significantly affects the following therapy steps, cancer diagnosis is very important. Despite researchers' best efforts, the accurate and rapid diagnosis of cancer is still challenging and difficult to investigate. It is known that electrochemical techniques have been successfully adapted into the cancer diagnosis field. Electrochemical sensor platforms that are brought together with the excellent selectivity of biosensing elements, such as nucleic acids, aptamers or antibodies, have put forth very successful outputs. One of the remarkable achievements of these biomolecule-attached sensors is their lack of need for additional labeling steps, which bring extra burdens such as interference effects or demanding modification protocols. In this review, we aim to outline label-free cancer diagnosis platforms that use electrochemical methods to acquire signals. The classification of the sensing platforms is generally presented according to their recognition element, and the most recent achievements by using these attractive sensing substrates are described in detail. In addition, the current challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Sanko
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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Krathumkhet N, Imae T, Wang FM, Yuan CC, Manidae Lumban Gaol J, Paradee N. Electrochemical immunosensing by carbon ink/carbon dot/ZnO-labeled-Ag@polypyrrole composite biomarker for CA-125 ovarian cancer detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108430. [PMID: 37043880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated a novel cancer antigen 125 (CA125) biomarker detection based on electrochemical immunosensor. The biomarker on conductive composite materials of carbon ink/carbon dot/zine oxide (C-ink/CD/ZnO) was employed as an electrode platform by using ITO substrate to enhance the interaction of antibodies (Ab) with supporting catalytic performance of ZnO as a labeling signal molecule. They were a scientist attention for biosensor with chemical stability, strong biocompatibility, high conductive signal, and accuracy. Moreover, the nanocomposite of silver@polypyrrole (Ag@PPy) was used as a potential redox mediator. The labeled construction with Ag@PPy was more accuracy than that of a free-labeled. The created immunosensor was a wide linear range as 1 ag·mL-1 - 100 ng·mL-1 and a low limitation of detection as 0.1 fg·mL-1 under the optimal condition. This suggested that the immunosensor is considered to be an accurate and efficient diagnostic tool for CA125 and other biomarkers detection in actual sample analysis for clinic.
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Pourmadadi M, Moammeri A, Shamsabadipour A, Moghaddam YF, Rahdar A, Pandey S. Application of Various Optical and Electrochemical Nanobiosensors for Detecting Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125): A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:99. [PMID: 36671934 PMCID: PMC9856029 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, diagnosing early-stage cancers can be vital for saving patients and dramatically decreases mortality rates. Therefore, specificity and sensitivity in the detection of cancer antigens should be elaborately ensured. Some early-stage cancers can be diagnosed via detecting the cancer antigen CA-125, such as ovarian cancer, and required treatments can be applied more efficiently. Thus, detection of CA-125 by employing various optical or electrochemical biosensors is a preliminary and crucial step to treating cancers. In this review, a diverse range of optical and electrochemical means of detecting CA-125 are reviewed. Furthermore, an applicable comparison of their performance and sensitivity is provided, several commercial detection kits are investigated, and their applications are compared and discussed to determine whether they are applicable and accurate enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - Ali Moammeri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - Amin Shamsabadipour
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Manasa G, Mascarenhas RJ, Shetti NP, Malode SJ, Aminabhavi TM. Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2726-2746. [PMID: 35762531 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The leading cause of gynecological cancer-related morbidity and mortality is ovarian cancer (OC), which is dubbed a silent killer. Currently, OC is a target of intense biomarker research, because it is often not discovered until the disease is advanced. The goal of OC research is to develop effective tests using biomarkers that can detect the disease at the earliest stages, which would eventually decrease the mortality, thereby preventing recurrence. Therefore, there is a pressing need to revisit the existing biomarkers to recognize the potential biomarkers that can lead to efficient predictors for the OC diagnosis. This Perspective covers an update on the currently available biomarkers used in the triaging of OC to gain certain insights into the potential role of these biomarkers and their estimation that are crucial to the understanding of neoplasm progression, diagnostics, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Manasa
- Electrochemistry Research Group, St. Joseph's College, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore - 560027, Karnataka, India
| | - Ronald J Mascarenhas
- Electrochemistry Research Group, St. Joseph's College, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore - 560027, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Shweta J Malode
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
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Er OF, Kivrak H, Ozok O, Çelik S, Kivrak A. A novel electrochemical sensor for monitoring ovarian cancer tumor protein CA 125 on benzothiophene derivative based electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Vandghanooni S, Sanaat Z, Farahzadi R, Eskandani M, Omidian H, Omidi Y. Recent progress in the development of aptasensors for cancer diagnosis: Focusing on aptamers against cancer biomarkers. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Islam T, Hasan MM, Awal A, Nurunnabi M, Ahammad AJS. Metal Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing: Progress and Challenges in the Clinical Transition of Point-of-Care Testing. Molecules 2020; 25:E5787. [PMID: 33302537 PMCID: PMC7763225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rise in public health awareness, research on point-of-care testing (POCT) has significantly advanced. Electrochemical biosensors (ECBs) are one of the most promising candidates for the future of POCT due to their quick and accurate response, ease of operation, and cost effectiveness. This review focuses on the use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) for fabricating ECBs that has a potential to be used for POCT. The field has expanded remarkably from its initial enzymatic and immunosensor-based setups. This review provides a concise categorization of the ECBs to allow for a better understanding of the development process. The influence of structural aspects of MNPs in biocompatibility and effective sensor design has been explored. The advances in MNP-based ECBs for the detection of some of the most prominent cancer biomarkers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), Herceptin-2 (HER2), etc.) and small biomolecules (glucose, dopamine, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) have been discussed in detail. Additionally, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) ECBs have been briefly discussed. Beyond that, the limitations and challenges that ECBs face in clinical applications are examined and possible pathways for overcoming these limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (T.I.); (M.M.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Md. Mahedi Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (T.I.); (M.M.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdul Awal
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (T.I.); (M.M.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - A. J. Saleh Ahammad
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (T.I.); (M.M.H.); (A.A.)
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