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La Nasa J, Biale G, Modugno F, Ceccarini A, Giannarelli S. Magic extraction: solid-phase extraction and analytical pyrolysis to study polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:64252-64258. [PMID: 35939195 PMCID: PMC9477944 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls are commonly categorized as persistent organic pollutants. In order to analyze these pollutants, customized stationary phases are increasingly being developed and synthesized for solid-phase extraction. In this work, we tested a new solventless solid-phase extraction approach based on the use of a Magic Chemisorber® (Frontier Lab) which consists of a bead-covered polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase with a thickness of 500 µm. These devices are directly immersed into aqueous samples and then introduced into a pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system equipped with a cryofocusing system for the thermal desorption and analysis of the adsorbed species. Our new method performs better than the most recent solid-phase extraction devices, with limits of detection lower than 2.7 ng/L and limits of quantification lower than 9.0 ng/L. The method was tested on standard compounds and on an environmental sample, showing the potential to characterize other chemical species besides the persistent organic pollutants, such as phthalate plasticizers and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo La Nasa
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Florence, Italy.
| | - Greta Biale
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Modugno
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Ceccarini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannarelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Li S, Zhou B, Tong Y, Guo J, Jiang L, Yang R, Liu H, Zhang Y, Niu J, Huang S, Yuan S, Zhou Q. Magnetic solid phase extraction and determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in beverages utilizing C 60 modified magnetic polyamido-amine dendrimers in combination with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 396:133683. [PMID: 35843001 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants which are widely present in environment and harmful to human health. In this study, an efficient and convenient magnetic solid phase extraction method with C60 modified magnetic polyamido-amine (PAMAM) dendrimers as sorbents was established for enriching trace amounts of PCBs in beverage samples. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was utilized for analysis of PCBs. Parameters affecting extraction efficiency were optimized. Under optimal parameters, good linearity can be achieved in concentration range of 0.001-20 μg L-1 and 0.002-20 μg L-1 for nine selected PCBs. The limits of detection for PCBs were in the range of 0.1-0.2 ng L-1. The spiked recoveries were in the range of 87.0 %-115.1 % (n = 3). The results proved that this established method was reliable for monitoring trace PCBs in beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Boyao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yayan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jinghan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Liushan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Ruochen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jingwen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shiyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qingxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.
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