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Lukáč M, Slobodníková L, Mrva M, Dušeková A, Garajová M, Kello M, Šebová D, Pisárčik M, Kojnok M, Vrták A, Kurin E, Bittner Fialová S. Caffeic Acid Phosphanium Derivatives: Potential Selective Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1200. [PMID: 38256271 PMCID: PMC10817097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA) is one of the most abundant natural compounds present in plants and has a broad spectrum of beneficial pharmacological activities. However, in some cases, synthetic derivation of original molecules can expand their scope. This study focuses on the synthesis of caffeic acid phosphanium derivatives with the ambition of increasing their biological activities. Four caffeic acid phosphanium salts (CAPs) were synthesized and tested for their cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, and amoebicidal activity in vitro, with the aim of identifying the best area for their medicinal use. CAPs exhibited significantly stronger cytotoxic activity against tested cell lines (HeLa, HCT116, MDA-MB-231 MCF-7, A2058, PANC-1, Jurkat) in comparison to caffeic acid. Focusing on Jurkat cells (human leukemic T cell lymphoma), the IC50 value of CAPs ranged from 0.9 to 8.5 μM while IC50 of CA was >300 μM. Antimicrobial testing also confirmed significantly higher activity of CAPs against selected microbes in comparison to CA, especially for Gram-positive bacteria (MIC 13-57 μM) and the yeast Candida albicans (MIC 13-57 μM). The anti-Acanthamoeba activity was studied against two pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains. In the case of A. lugdunensis, all CAPs revealed a stronger inhibitory effect (EC50 74-3125 μM) than CA (>105 µM), while in A. quina strain, the higher inhibition was observed for three derivatives (EC50 44-291 μM). The newly synthesized quaternary phosphanium salts of caffeic acid exhibited selective antitumor action and appeared to be promising antimicrobial agents for topical application, as well as potential molecules for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.L.); (M.P.); (M.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Lívia Slobodníková
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, University Hospital in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Martin Mrva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (A.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Aneta Dušeková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (A.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Mária Garajová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (A.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia; (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Dominika Šebová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia; (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Martin Pisárčik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.L.); (M.P.); (M.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Marián Kojnok
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.L.); (M.P.); (M.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrej Vrták
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.L.); (M.P.); (M.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Elena Kurin
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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Thierer LM, Petersen AA, Michaud ME, Sanchez CA, Brayton SR, Wuest WM, Minbiole KPC. Atom Economical QPCs: Phenyl-Free Biscationic Quaternary Phosphonium Compounds as Potent Disinfectants. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:609-616. [PMID: 36757826 PMCID: PMC10032568 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are vital disinfectants for the neutralization of pathogenic bacteria in clinical, domestic, and commercial settings. After decades of dependence on QACs, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance to this class of compounds threatens the ability of existing QAC products to effectively manage rising bacterial threats. The need for new disinfectants is therefore urgent, with quaternary phosphonium compounds (QPCs) emerging as a new class of promising antimicrobials that boast significant activity against highly resistant bacteria. Reported here is a series of twenty-one novel QPCs that replace phenyl substituents on the phosphorus center with alkyl groups yet allow for rapid synthetic routes in high yields. Within this series are structures containing methyl, ethyl, or cyclohexyl phosphonium substituents on bisphosphane scaffolds bearing ethyl linkers, affording atom economical structures and ones that represent exact analogs to nitrogenous amphiphiles. The resultant bisQPC structures display high antibacterial efficacy enjoyed by comparably constructed QACs, with three structures in the single-digit micromolar activity range despite structural simplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Thierer
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States of America
| | - Ashley A Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States of America
| | - Marina E Michaud
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States of America
| | - Christian A Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States of America
| | - Samantha R Brayton
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States of America
| | - William M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States of America
| | - Kevin P C Minbiole
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States of America
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3
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Yin F, Liu X, Xu Y, Fu B, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Li J, Qin Z. Triphenylphosphonium-Driven Targeting of Pyrimorph Fragment Derivatives Greatly Improved Its Action on Phytopathogen Mitochondria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2842-2852. [PMID: 36722627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimorph is a carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicide, which shows excellent activity against oomycetes such as pepper phytophthora blight, tomato late blight, and downy mildew of cucumber. It works mainly by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cell wall of oomycetes. However, pyrimorph also shows weak activity of inhibiting mitochondrial complex III, which is the first CAA fungicide found to act on mitochondria. To improve this effect on mitochondria and develop fungicides that may have a novel mechanism of action, in this paper, by disassembling pyrimorph and conjugating the fragments with the mitochondrial-targeted delivery system (triphenylphosphonium), three series of mitochondrial-targeting analogues of pyrimorph were designed and synthesized. The results show that the pyridine-containing 1,1-diaryl is the core module of inhibition mitochondrial function of pyrimorph. Among these conjugates, compound 3b with a short linker showed the highest and broad-spectrum fungicidal activity, strong respiratory inhibition activity, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis inhibition activity, suggesting its potential as a fungicide candidate. 3b exhibited greatly improved action on mitochondria, such as by destroying the mitochondrial function of pathogens, causing mitochondrial swelling, weakening its influence on cell wall morphology, and so on. More importantly, this study provides a method to strengthen the drugs or pesticides with weak mitochondrial action, which is of special significance for developing mitochondrial bioactive molecules with the novel action mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahong Yin
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuelian Liu
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Fu
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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4
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Terekhova NV, Lyubina AP, Voloshina AD, Sapunova AS, Khayarov KR, Islamov DR, Usachev KS, Evtugyn VG, Tatarinov DA, Mironov VF. Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)alkenylphosphonium salts with potency as anti-MRSA agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106030. [PMID: 35870414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial activity, preliminary toxicity and mechanism study of a new series of 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)alkenylphosphonium salts with the variation of phosphonium moiety obtained by a two-step synthetic method from phosphine oxides. The salts showed pronounced activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA strains, and some fungi. Mechanism of action against S. aureus was studied by CV test, TEM and proteomic assay. No cell wall integrity loss was observed while proteomic assay results suggested interference in different metabolic processes of S. aureus. For this series, lipophilicity was determined as a key factor for the inhibition of Gram-positive bacteria growth and S. aureus killing. Biological properties of methylated derivatives were notably different with manifested action against Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Terekhova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Anna P Lyubina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya S Sapunova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Khasan R Khayarov
- Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Daut R Islamov
- Laboratory for Structural Studies of Biomacromolecules, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevskogo Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin S Usachev
- Laboratory for Structural Studies of Biomacromolecules, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevskogo Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G Evtugyn
- Interdisciplinary center for Analytical microscopy, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Tatarinov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation; Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation.
| | - Vladimir F Mironov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
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5
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Spahr AC, Michaud ME, Amoo LE, Sanchez CA, Hogue CE, Thierer LM, Gau MR, Wuest WM, Minbiole KPC. Rigidity-Activity Relationships of bisQPC Scaffolds Against Pathogenic Bacteria. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200224. [PMID: 35561149 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Biscationic quaternary phosphonium compounds (bisQPCs) represent a promising class of antimicrobials, displaying potent activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we explored the effects of structural rigidity on the antimicrobial activity of QPC structures bearing a two-carbon linker between phosphonium groups, testing against a panel of six bacteria, including multiple strains harboring known disinfectant resistance mechanisms. Using simple alkylation reactions, 21 novel compounds were prepared, although alkene isomerization as well as an alkyne reduction were observed during the respective syntheses. The resulting bisQPC compounds showed strong biological activity, but were hampered by diminished solubility of their iodide salts. One compound (P2P-10,10 I) showed single digit micromolar activity against the entire panel of bacteria. Overall, intriguing biological activity was observed, with more rigid structures displaying better efficacy against Gram-negative strains and less rigid structures demonstrating slightly increased efficacy against S. aureus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael R Gau
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Kevin P C Minbiole
- Villanova University, Chemistry, 800 E Lancaster Ave, 19085, Villanova, UNITED STATES
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6
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Zeng L, Xu JF, Zhang X. Degradable Bactericide Constructed Using a Charge-Reversal Surfactant against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10134-10141. [PMID: 35167248 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant bacterial diseases are serious problems in agriculture, posing threats to global food security and the agricultural economy. Here, a degradable agricultural bactericide AMC-10 constructed using a charge-reversal surfactant, from being positively charged to negatively charged, was designed and synthesized. AMC-10 possessed high bactericidal activity toward plant pathogenic bacteria, consequently being able to inhibit the corresponding plant bacterial diseases. After degradation by water, the hydrolyzed products were nontoxic to bacteria and human cells. Such a degradable bactericide provides new ideas for the design of environmentally friendly agricultural bactericides. It is anticipated that degradable bactericides such as AMC-10 can be applied in the prevention and control of plant bacterial diseases, being less likely to produce toxicity or drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingda Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiang-Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Sommers KJ, Michaud ME, Hogue CE, Scharnow AM, Amoo LE, Petersen AA, Carden RG, Minbiole KPC, Wuest WM. Quaternary Phosphonium Compounds: An Examination of Non-Nitrogenous Cationic Amphiphiles That Evade Disinfectant Resistance. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:387-397. [PMID: 35077149 PMCID: PMC8996050 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) serve as mainstays in the formulation of disinfectants and antiseptics. However, an over-reliance and misuse of our limited QAC arsenal has driven the development and spread of resistance to these compounds, as well as co-resistance to common antibiotics. Extensive use of these compounds throughout the COVID-19 pandemic thus raises concern for the accelerated proliferation of antimicrobial resistance and demands for next-generation antimicrobials with divergent architectures that may evade resistance. To this end, we endeavored to expand beyond canonical ammonium scaffolds and examine quaternary phosphonium compounds (QPCs). Accordingly, a synthetic and biological investigation into a library of novel QPCs unveiled biscationic QPCs to be effective antimicrobial scaffolds with improved broad-spectrum activities compared to commercial QACs. Notably, a subset of these compounds was found to be less effective against a known QAC-resistant strain of MRSA. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the unique presence of a family of small multiresistant transporter proteins, hypothesized to enable efflux-mediated resistance to QACs and QPCs. Further investigation of this resistance mechanism through efflux-pump inhibition and membrane depolarization assays illustrated the superior ability of P6P-10,10 to perturb the cell membrane and exert the observed broad-spectrum potency compared to its commercial counterparts. Collectively, this work highlights the promise of biscationic phosphonium compounds as next-generation disinfectant molecules with potent bioactivities, thereby laying the foundation for future studies into the synthesis and biological investigation of this nascent antimicrobial class.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cody E. Hogue
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Amber M. Scharnow
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lauren E. Amoo
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Ashley A. Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Robert G. Carden
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Kevin P. C. Minbiole
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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8
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Pisárčik M, Lukáč M, Jampílek J, Bilka F, Bilková A, Pašková Ľ, Devínsky F, Horáková R, Březina M, Opravil T. Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized with Phosphorus-Containing Heterocyclic Surfactants: Synthesis, Physico-Chemical Properties, and Biological Activity Determination. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081883. [PMID: 34443714 PMCID: PMC8399434 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus-containing heterocyclic cationic surfactants alkyldimethylphenylphospholium bromides with the alkyl chain length 14 to 18 carbon atoms were used for the stabilization of silver nanodispersions. Zeta potential of silver nanodispersions ranges from +35 to +70 mV, which indicates the formation of stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Long-chain heptadecyl and octadecyl homologs of the surfactants series provided the most intensive stabilizing effect to AgNPs, resulting in high positive zeta potential values and smaller diameter of AgNPs in the range 50–60 nm. A comparison with non-heterocyclic alkyltrimethylphosphonium surfactants of the same alkyl chain length showed better stability and more positive zeta potential values for silver nanodispersions stabilized with heterocyclic phospholium surfactants. Investigations of biological activity of phospholium-capped AgNPs are represented by the studies of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. While cytotoxicity results revealed an increased level of HepG2 cell growth inhibition as compared with the cytotoxicity level of silver-free surfactant solutions, no enhanced antimicrobial action of phospholium-capped AgNPs against microbial pathogens was observed. The comparison of cytotoxicity of AgNPs stabilized with various non-heterocyclic ammonium and phosphonium surfactants shows that AgNPs capped with heterocyclic alkyldimethylphenylphospholium and non-heterocyclic triphenyl-substituted phosphonium surfactants have the highest cytotoxicity among silver nanodispersions stabilized by the series of ammonium and phosphonium surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pisárčik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-50117329
| | - Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Josef Jampílek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - František Bilka
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.B.); (A.B.); (Ľ.P.)
| | - Andrea Bilková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.B.); (A.B.); (Ľ.P.)
| | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.B.); (A.B.); (Ľ.P.)
| | - Ferdinand Devínsky
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | | | - Matěj Březina
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (T.O.)
| | - Tomáš Opravil
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (T.O.)
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9
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Feliciano JA, Leitgeb AJ, Schrank CL, Allen RA, Minbiole KPC, Wuest WM, Carden RG. Trivalent sulfonium compounds (TSCs): Tetrahydrothiophene-based amphiphiles exhibit similar antimicrobial activity to analogous ammonium-based amphiphiles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 37:127809. [PMID: 33516911 PMCID: PMC7965331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) have focused on new structural motifs to increase bioactivity, but significantly less studied has been the change from ammonium- to sulfonium-based disinfectants. Herein, we report the synthesis of structurally analogous series of quaternary ammonium and trivalent sulfonium compounds (TSCs). The bioactivity profiles of these compounds generally mirror each other, and the antibacterial activity of sulfonium-based THT-18 was found to be comparable to the commercial disinfectant, BAC. The development of these compounds presents a new avenue for further study of disinfectants to combat the growing threat of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Feliciano
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Austin J Leitgeb
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | | | - Ryan A Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, Unites States
| | - Kevin P C Minbiole
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - William M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, Unites States.
| | - Robert G Carden
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States.
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10
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Dušeková A, Garajová M, Lukáč M, Mrva M. Derivatisation of metronidazole enhances cytotoxic effect against Acanthamoeba genotype T4 isolates and leads to cytomorphological changes in trophozoites. Acta Trop 2021; 216:105830. [PMID: 33465352 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are worldwide distributed causative agents of serious human infections such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). To date, treatment of these infections is non-uniform and frequently unsuccessful. Recently, the phosphonium salts were studied for their high levels of antimicrobial activity. This work was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of metronidazole and two phosphonium salts (PS1, PS2) on two clinical Acanthamoeba isolates. The isolates showed distinctly higher susceptibility to both phosphonium salts than to metronidazole. The highest susceptibility was noted to PS1 after 48 h of incubation. Metronidazole derivate PS2 showed higher susceptibility than metronidazole. The values of EC50 of PS2 were approximately twenty times lower than EC50 of metronidazole for Acanthamoeba lugdunensis strain and sixteen times lower for Acanthamoeba quina strain after 48 h. Although the therapeutic effect of metronidazole in Acanthamoeba infections is usually insufficient, its derivatisation can result in a significantly higher amoebicidal effect. Cytomorphological changes of trophozoites after exposure to tested compounds included rounding up of the cells, damage of membrane integrity, presence of pathological protrusions, elongation of the cells or pseudocyst-like stages. Obtained results indicate possible therapeutic potential of studied phosphonium salts.
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11
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Carden RG, Sommers KJ, Schrank CL, Leitgeb AJ, Feliciano JA, Wuest WM, Minbiole KPC. Advancements in the Development of Non-Nitrogen-Based Amphiphilic Antiseptics to Overcome Pathogenic Bacterial Resistance. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1974-1984. [PMID: 32886856 PMCID: PMC8371456 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) as common disinfecting agents for the past century has led bacteria to develop resistance to such compounds. Given the alarming increase in resistant strains, new strategies are required to combat this rise in resistance. Recent efforts to probe and combat bacterial resistance have focused on studies of multiQACs. Relatively unexplored, however, have been changes to the primary atom bearing positive charge in these antiseptics. Here we review the current state of the field of both phosphonium and sulfonium amphiphilic antiseptics, both of which hold promise as novel means to address bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Carden
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Kyle J Sommers
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
| | | | - Austin J Leitgeb
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Javier A Feliciano
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
| | - William M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kevin P C Minbiole
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
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Synthesis, physicochemical properties and biological activities of novel alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104224. [PMID: 32892068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety was synthesized. The structure of these zwitterionic amphiphiles was modified in both polar and non-polar parts of surfactant molecule. Investigations of physicochemical properties are represented by the determination of critical micelle concentration, the surface tension value at the cmc and the surface area per surfactant head group utilising surface tension measurements. Hydrodynamic diameter of surfactant micelles was determined using the dynamic light scattering technique. Alkylphosphocholines exhibit significant cytotoxic, anticandidal (Candida albicans) and antiamoebal (Acanthamoeba spp. T4 genotype) activity. The relationship between the structure, physicochemical properties and biological activity of the tested compounds revealed that lipophilicity has a significant influence on biological activity of the investigated surfactants. More lipophilic alkylphosphocholines with octadecyl chains show cytotoxic activity against cancer cells which is higher than that of the compounds with shorter alkyl chains. The opposite situation was observed in case of anticandidal and antiamoebal activity of these surfactants. The most active compounds were found to have pentadecyl chains. The foscarnet analogue of miltefosine C15-PFA-C showed the highest anticandidal activity. The minimum value of anticandidal activity of this compound is 1,4 μM thus representing the highest anticandidal activity found within the group of alkylphosphocholines.
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Pisárčik M, Lukáč M, Jampílek J, Bilka F, Bilková A, Pašková Ľ, Devínsky F, Horáková R, Opravil T. Phosphonium surfactant stabilised silver nanoparticles. Correlation of surfactant structure with physical properties and biological activity of silver nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lukáč M, Pisárčik M, Garajová M, Mrva M, Dušeková A, Vrták A, Horáková R, Horváth B, Devínsky F. Synthesis, Surface Activity, and Biological Activities of Phosphonium and Metronidazole Salts. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Kalinčiakova 8 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
| | - Martin Pisárčik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Kalinčiakova 8 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
| | - Mária Garajová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6 Bratislava SK‐84215 Slovakia
| | - Martin Mrva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6 Bratislava SK‐84215 Slovakia
| | - Aneta Dušeková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6 Bratislava SK‐84215 Slovakia
| | - Andrej Vrták
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Kalinčiakova 8 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
| | - Renáta Horáková
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Kalinčiakova 8 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
| | - Branislav Horváth
- NMR laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Odbojárov 10 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
| | - Ferdinand Devínsky
- Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University Odbojárov 10 Bratislava SK‐83232 Slovakia
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Design and synthesis of amphiphilic 2-hydroxybenzylphosphonium salts with antimicrobial and antitumor dual action. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127234. [PMID: 32386856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of new 2-hydroxybenzylphosphonium salts (QPS) with antimicrobial and antitumor dual action. The most active compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity at a micromolar level against Gram-positive bacteria Sa (ATCC 209p and clinical isolates), Bc (1-2 μM) and fungi Tm and Ca, and induced no notable hemolysis at MIC. The change in nature of substituents of the same length led to a drastic change of biological activity. Self-assembly behavior of the octadecyl and oleyl derivatives was studied. QPS demonstrated self-assembly within the micromolar range with the formation of nanosized aggregates capable of the solubilizing hydrophobic probe. The synthesized phosphonium salts were tested for cytotoxicity. The most potent salt was active against on M-Hela cell line with IC50 on the level of doxorubicin and good selectivity. According to the cytofluorimetry analysis, the salts induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.
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Polák P, Čejka J, Tobrman T. Formal Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Phosphole C-H Activation for the Synthesis of Pentasubstituted Phospholes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2187-2190. [PMID: 32125161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented formal transition-metal-catalyzed phosphole C-H functionalization is described in this paper. Pentasubstituted phospholes were prepared via the copper-catalyzed reaction of 1,3,4-trisubstituted phosphole with aryl iodides or bromides under distinct conditions. The developed methodology is able to accommodate a wide variety of substituents, including aryl, heteroaryl, and alkenyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Polák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Čejka
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Bittner Fialová S, Kello M, Čoma M, Slobodníková L, Drobná E, Holková I, Garajová M, Mrva M, Zachar V, Lukáč M. Derivatization of Rosmarinic Acid Enhances its in vitro Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:E1078. [PMID: 30893808 PMCID: PMC6470549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
On its own, rosmarinic acid possesses multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antitumor properties, and these are the consequence of its ROS scavenging and inhibitory effect on inflammation. In this study, two quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid were prepared for the purpose of increasing its penetration into biological systems with the aim of improving its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antitumor activity. The synthetized molecules, the triphenylphosphonium and tricyclohexylphosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid, exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on the growth of HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 7.28 or 8.13 μM in comparison to the initial substance, rosmarinic acid (>300 μM). For the synthesized derivatives, we detected a greater than three-fold increase of activity against Acanthamoeba quina, and a greater than eight-fold increase of activity against A. lugdunensis in comparison to rosmarinic acid. Furthermore, we recorded significantly higher antimicrobial activity of the synthetized derivatives when compared to rosmarinic acid itself. Both synthetized quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid appear to be promising antitumor and antimicrobial agents, as well as impressive molecules for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Lívia Slobodníková
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Eva Drobná
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kalinčiakov 8, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ivana Holková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kalinčiakov 8, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mária Garajová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Martin Mrva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Vlastimil Zachar
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kalinčiakov 8, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kalinčiakov 8, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Tatarinov DA, Terekhova NV, Voloshina AD, Sapunova AS, Lyubina AP, Mironov VF. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Dialkyl(diaryl)-2-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(phenylethenyl)pentylphosphonium Salts. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218090062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen M, White B, Kasprzak CR, Long TE. Advances in phosphonium-based ionic liquids and poly(ionic liquid)s as conductive materials. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Pisárčik M, Jampílek J, Lukáč M, Horáková R, Devínsky F, Bukovský M, Kalina M, Tkacz J, Opravil T. Silver Nanoparticles Stabilised by Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Variable Spacer Length. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101794. [PMID: 29065563 PMCID: PMC6151783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is focused on the synthesis and investigation of the physicochemical and biological properties of silver nanoparticles stabilized with a series of cationic gemini surfactants having a polymethylene spacer of variable length. UV-VIS spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and zeta potential measurements were applied to provide physicochemical characterization of the silver nanoparticles. The mean size values of the nanoparticles were found to be in the 50 to 115 nm range. From the nanoparticle size distributions and scanning electron microscopy images it results that a population of small nanoparticles with the size of several nanometers was confirmed if the nanoparticles were stabilized with gemini molecules with either a short methylene spacer (two or four −CH2− groups) or a long spacer (12 −CH2− groups). The average zeta potential value for silver nanoparticles stabilized with gemini molecules is roughly independent of gemini surfactant spacer length and is approx. +58 mV. An interaction model between silver nanoparticles and gemini molecules which reflects the gained experimental data, is suggested. Microbicidal activity determinations revealed that the silver nanoparticles stabilized with gemini surfactants are more efficient against Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, which has a direct relation to the interaction mechanism of nanoparticles with the bacterial cell membrane and its structural composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pisárčik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinčiakova 8, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Josef Jampílek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinčiakova 8, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Renáta Horáková
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinčiakova 8, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Ferdinand Devínsky
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinčiakova 8, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinčiakova 8, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Bukovský
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia.
| | - Michal Kalina
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Tkacz
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Opravil
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
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