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Kotlova ER, Senik SV, Manzhieva BS, Kiyashko AA, Shakhova NV, Puzansky RK, Volobuev SV, Misharev AD, Serebryakov EB, Psurtseva NV. Diversity of ESI-MS Based Phosphatidylcholine Profiles in Basidiomycetes. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020177. [PMID: 35205932 PMCID: PMC8879007 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are the main membrane lipid constituents comprising more than 50% of total glycerophospholipids. They coordinate a number of cell functions, particularly cell growth, homeostasis, secretion, recognition and communication. In basidial fungi PC are synthesized via the Kennedy pathway as well as through methylation of phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and then undergo remodeling in Lands cycle that replaces fatty acids in PC molecules. The molecular profile of PC is determined by the genetic features that are characteristic for every species and depend on the environment. Here we present the results of ESI-MS based analyses of PC profiles of 38 species of basidiomycetes belonging to Agaricales (12), Polyporales (17), Russulales (5), Gleophyllales (2), Cantharellales (1), Auriculariales (1), Phallales (1). Although the variety of PC molecular species of basidiomycetes is rather diverse (20–38 molecular species in every profile), only 1–3 main molecular species represent 70–90% of total PC content. The most abundant of them are C36:4 and C36:3, followed by C34:1, C34:2, C36:5, C36:2. In the majority of basidiomycetes, C36:4 reaches up to 50–70% of total PC molecular species. Based on the results of hierarchical cluster analysis four main types of PC profiles which characterized the studied fungi independently from their taxonomic position, ecology, trophic status, and hyphal differentiation have been revealed. Comparative analyses of studied fungi using PCA method have shown that species of Polyporales differ from those of Agaricales by higher variability of PC profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina R. Kotlova
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana V. Senik
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Bairta S. Manzhieva
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Anna A. Kiyashko
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Natalia V. Shakhova
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Roman K. Puzansky
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Sergei V. Volobuev
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Alexander D. Misharev
- Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.D.M.); (E.B.S.)
| | - Eugeny B. Serebryakov
- Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.D.M.); (E.B.S.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Psurtseva
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences RAS, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (B.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (N.V.S.); (R.K.P.); (S.V.V.); (N.V.P.)
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Xiao Y, Cheng X, Liu J, Li C, Nong W, Bian Y, Cheung MK, Kwan HS. Population genomic analysis uncovers environmental stress-driven selection and adaptation of Lentinula edodes population in China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36789. [PMID: 27830835 PMCID: PMC5103288 DOI: 10.1038/srep36789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The elucidation of genome-wide variations could help reveal aspects of divergence, domestication, and adaptation of edible mushrooms. Here, we resequenced the whole genomes of 39 wild and 21 cultivated strains of Chinese Lentinula edodes, the shiitake mushroom. We identified three distinct genetic groups in the Chinese L. edodes population with robust differentiation. Results of phylogenetic and population structure analyses suggest that the cultivated strains and most of the wild trains of L. edodes in China possess different gene pools and two outlier strains show signatures of hybridization between groups. Eighty-four candidate genes contributing to population divergence were detected in outlier analysis, 18 of which are involved in response to environmental stresses. Gene enrichment analysis of group-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that the cultivated strains were genetically diversified in biological processes related to stress response. As the formation of fruiting bodies is a stress-response process, we postulate that environment factors, such as temperature, drove the population divergence of L. edodes in China by natural or artificial selection. We also found phenotypic variations between groups and identified some wild strains that have potential to diversify the genetic pool for improving agricultural traits of L. edodes cultivars in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Hubei Province, P. R. China.,School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xuanjin Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Li
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Nong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yinbing Bian
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Man Kit Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Hoi Shan Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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Senik SV, Maloshenok LG, Kotlova ER, Shavarda AL, Moiseenko KV, Bruskin SA, Koroleva OV, Psurtseva NV. Diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine content and gene expression changes triggered by phosphate deprivation in the mycelium of the basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 117:34-42. [PMID: 26057227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserines (DGTS) are betaine-type lipids that are phosphate-free analogs of phosphatidylcholines (PC). DGTS are abundant in some bacteria, algae, primitive vascular plants and fungi. In this study, we report inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency-induced DGTS synthesis in the basidial fungus Flammulina velutipes (Curt.: Fr.) Sing. We present results of an expression analysis of the BTA1 gene that codes for betaine lipid synthase and two genes of PC biosynthesis (CHO2 and CPT1) during phosphate starvation of F. velutipes culture. We demonstrate that FvBTA1 gene has increased transcript abundance under phosphate starvation. Despite depletion in PC, both CHO2 and CPT1 were determined to have increased expression. We also describe the deduced amino acid sequence and genomic structure of the BTA1 gene in F. velutipes. Phylogenetic relationships between putative orthologs of BTA1 proteins of basidiomycete fungi are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Senik
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
| | - Liliya G Maloshenok
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina str., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R Kotlova
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Alexey L Shavarda
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Konstantin V Moiseenko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky pr., Moscow 117071, Russia
| | - Sergey A Bruskin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina str., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V Koroleva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky pr., Moscow 117071, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Psurtseva
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
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Feofilova EP, Ivashechkin AA, Alekhin AI, Sergeeva YE. Fungal spores: Dormancy, germination, chemical composition, and role in biotechnology (review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683812010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tereshina VM, Memorskay AS, Kotlova ER, Feofilov EP. Membrane lipid and cytosol carbohydrate composition in Aspergillus niger under heat shock. Microbiology (Reading) 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261710010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kotlova ER, Senik SV, Kücher T, Shavarda AL, Kiyashko AA, Psurtseva NV, Sinyutina NF, Zubarev RA. Alterations in the composition of membrane glycero-and sphingolipids in the course of Flammulina velutipes surface culture development. Microbiology (Reading) 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s002626170902009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Atypical biosynthetic properties of a Delta 12/nu+3 desaturase from the model basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 75:1156-64. [PMID: 19088315 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02049-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The model white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium contains a single integral membrane Delta(12)-desaturase FAD2 related to the endoplasmic reticular plant FAD2 enzymes. The fungal fad2-like gene was cloned and distinguished itself from plant homologs by the presence of four introns and a significantly larger coding region. The coding sequence exhibits ca. 35% sequence identity to plant homologs, with the highest sequence conservation found in the putative catalytic and major structural domains. In vivo activity of the heterologously expressed enzyme favors C(18) substrates with nu+3 regioselectivity, where the site of desaturation is three carbons carboxy-distal to the reference position of a preexisting double bond (nu). Linoleate accumulated to levels in excess of 12% of the total fatty acids upon heterologous expression of P. chrysosporium FAD2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast to the behavior of the plant FAD2 enzymes, this oleate desaturase does not 12-hydroxylate lipids and is the first example whose activity increases at higher temperatures (30 degrees C versus 15 degrees C). Thus, while maintaining the hallmark activity of the fatty acyl Delta(12)-desaturase family, the basidiomycete fad2 genes appear to have evolved substantially from an ancestral desaturase.
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Liu Y, Srivilai P, Loos S, Aebi M, Kües U. An essential gene for fruiting body initiation in the basidiomycete Coprinopsis cinerea is homologous to bacterial cyclopropane fatty acid synthase genes. Genetics 2005; 172:873-84. [PMID: 16322509 PMCID: PMC1456251 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.045542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-compatible Coprinopsis cinerea homokaryon AmutBmut produces fruiting bodies without prior mating to another strain. Early stages of fruiting body development include the dark-dependent formation of primary hyphal knots and their light-induced transition to the more compact secondary hyphal knots. The AmutBmut UV mutant 6-031 forms primary hyphal knots, but development arrests at the transition state by a recessive defect in the cfs1 gene, isolated from a cosmid library by mutant complementation. A normal primordia phenotype was achieved when cfs1+ was embedded at both sides in at least 4.0 kb of native flanking DNA. Truncations of the flanking DNA lead to reduction in transformation frequencies and faults in primordia tissue formation, suggesting that the gene is also acting at later stages of development. The cfs1 gene encodes a protein highly similar to cyclopropane fatty acid synthases, a class of enzymes shown in prokaryotes and recently in a plant to convert membrane-bound unsaturated fatty acids into cyclopropane fatty acids. In C. cinerea 6-031, the mutant cfs1 allele carries a T-to-G transversion, leading to an amino acid substitution (Y441D) in a domain suggested to be involved in the catalytic function of the protein and/or membrane interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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Sakai H, Kajiwara S. Cloning and functional characterization of a Delta12 fatty acid desaturase gene from the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes. Mol Genet Genomics 2005; 273:336-41. [PMID: 15838640 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-005-1138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2004] [Accepted: 03/03/2005] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes, a famous edible mushroom (shiitake), the fatty acyl composition of total lipids has previously been shown to change during cell differentiation. In the present study, we succeeded in cloning a gene for a Delta12 fatty acid desaturase from L. edodes. The ORF of this gene (named Le-FAD2) consists of 1308 bp and codes for 435 amino acids. The deduced Le-FAD2 protein shows 40-45% identity to Delta12 fatty acid desaturases from other fungi, and the three histidine clusters typical of the catalytic domain of such enzymes are conserved. Expression of the Le-FAD2 gene in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that its product was able to synthesize linoleic acid (C18:2). Analysis of Le-FAD2 expression in L. edodes revealed that levels of transcription were higher in fruiting body primordia and in mature fruiting bodies, the two differentiated tissues, than in mycelium, and reduction of the growth temperature from 25 to 18 degrees C had no effect on the level of the Le-FAD2 transcript. Thus, although Le-FAD2 expression is correlated with the alteration in the complement of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) observed during fruiting body formation, the gene does not respond to a downshift in temperature to 18 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Sakai
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B5, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
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Miyazaki Y, Nakamura M, Babasaki K. Molecular cloning of developmentally specific genes by representational difference analysis during the fruiting body formation in the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes. Fungal Genet Biol 2005; 42:493-505. [PMID: 15893253 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2005.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2004] [Revised: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To understand molecular mechanisms of the fruiting body development in basidiomycetes, we attempted to isolate developmentally regulated genes expressed specifically during the fruiting body formation of Lentinula edodes (Shiitake-mushroom). cDNA representational difference analysis (cDNA-RDA) between vegetatively growing mycelium and two developmental substages, primordium and mature fruiting body, resulted in an isolation of 105 individual genes (51 in primordium and 54 in mature fruiting body, respectively). A search of homology with the protein databases and two basidiomycetous genomes in Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coprinopsis cinerea revealed that the obtained genes encoded various proteins similar to those involved in general metabolism, cell structure, signal transduction, and responses to stress; in addition, there were apparently several metabolic pathways and signal transduction cascades that could be involved in the fruiting body development. The expression products of several genes revealed no significant homologies to those in the databases, implying that those genes are unique in L. edodes and the encoding products may possess possible functions in the course of fruiting body development. RT-PCR analyses revealed that 20 candidates of the obtained genes were specifically or abundantly transcribed in the course of the fruiting body formation, suggesting that the obtained genes in this work play roles in fruiting body development in L. edodes.
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MESH Headings
- Agaricales/genetics
- Base Sequence
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/genetics
- DNA, Fungal/isolation & purification
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
- Genes, Fungal
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phanerochaete/genetics
- RNA, Fungal/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Shiitake Mushrooms/genetics
- Shiitake Mushrooms/growth & development
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Miyazaki
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, P.O. Box 16, Tsukuba-Norin 305-8687, Japan.
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