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Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, Stevanović V, Milešević J, Zeković M, Popović T, Jovanović J, Vidović NK. Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1065578. [PMID: 37545582 PMCID: PMC10397414 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fatty acids (FAs) composition and desaturase activities can be altered in different metabolic conditions, but the adiposity-independent associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations of FAs composition and estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical cardiometabolic risk indicators in non-diabetic Serbian women, and to investigate if these associations were independent of the level of adiposity and other confounders. Methods In 76 non-diabetic, otherwise healthy Serbian women, aged 24-68 years, with or without metabolic syndrome or obesity (BMI=23.6±5.6 kg/m2), FA composition in erythrocyte phospholipids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activities were estimated from product/precursor FAs ratios (D9D:16:1n-7/16:0; D6D:20:3n-6/18:2n-6; D5D:20:4n-6/20:3n-6). Correlations were made with anthropometric, biochemical (serum glucose, triacylglycerols, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, and their ratios) and clinical (blood pressure) indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Linear regression models were performed to test the independence of these associations. Results Estimated desaturase activities and certain FAs were associated with anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk: D9D, D6D, 16:1n-7 and 20:3n-6 were directly associated, while D5D and 18:0 were inversely associated. However, the associations with clinical and biochemical indicators were not independent of the associations with the level of adiposity, since they were lost after controlling for anthropometric indices. After controlling for multiple confounders (age, postmenopausal status, education, smoking, physical activity, dietary macronutrient intakes, use of supplements, alcohol consumption), the level of adiposity was the most significant predictor of desaturase activities and aforementioned FAs levels, and mediated their association with biochemical/clinical indicators. Vice versa, desaturase activities predicted the level of adiposity, but not other components of cardiometabolic risk (if the level of adiposity was accounted). While the associations of anthropometric indices with 16:1n-7, 20:3n-6, 18:0 and D9D and D6D activities were linear, the associations with D5D activity were the inverse U-shaped. The only adiposity-independent association of FAs profiles with the indicators of cardiometabolic risk was a positive association of 20:5n-3 with ALT/AST ratio, which requires further exploration. Discussion Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Kardum Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Jeffery L, Fisk HL, Calder PC, Filer A, Raza K, Buckley CD, McInnes I, Taylor PC, Fisher BA. Plasma Levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Are Associated with Anti-TNF Responsiveness in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Inhibit the Etanercept-driven Rise in Th17 Cell Differentiation in Vitro. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:748-756. [PMID: 28202745 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.161068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether levels of plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with response to antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and whether this putative effect may have its basis in altering anti-TNF-driven Th17 cell differentiation. METHODS Plasma was collected at baseline and after 3 months of anti-TNF treatment in 22 patients with established RA, and fatty acid composition of the phosphatidylcholine (PC) component was measured. CD4+CD25- T cells and monocytes were purified from the blood of healthy donors and cocultured in the presence of anti-CD3, with or without etanercept (ETN), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or the control fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA). Expression of interleukin 17 and interferon-γ was measured by intracellular staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS Plasma PC EPA levels and the EPA/arachidonic acid ratio correlated inversely with change in the Disease Activity Score at 28 joints (DAS28) at 3 months (-0.51, p = 0.007 and -0.48, p = 0.01, respectively), indicating that higher plasma EPA was associated with a greater reduction in DAS28. Plasma PC EPA was positively associated with European League Against Rheumatism response (p = 0.02). An increase in Th17 cells post-therapy has been associated with nonresponse to anti-TNF. ETN increased Th17 frequencies in vitro. Physiological concentrations of EPA, but not LA, prevented this. CONCLUSION EPA status was associated with clinical improvements to anti-TNF therapy in vivo and prevented the effect of ETN on Th17 cells in vitro. EPA supplementation might be a simple way to improve anti-TNF outcomes in patients with RA by suppressing Th17 frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Jeffery
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Helena L Fisk
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Philip C Calder
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Andrew Filer
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Karim Raza
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Iain McInnes
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Peter C Taylor
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham
| | - Benjamin A Fisher
- From the Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust; University of Southampton, Southampton; Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,L. Jeffery, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; H.L. Fisk, BSc, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; P.C. Calder, PhD, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, and University of Southampton; A. Filer, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; K. Raza, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; C.D. Buckley, PhD, Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham; I. McInnes, PhD, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow; P.C. Taylor, PhD, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; B.A. Fisher, MD(Res), Rheumatology Research Group and Arthritis Research UK RACE, University of Birmingham.
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