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Perinatal and post-weaning exposure to a high-fat diet causes histomorphometric, neuroplastic, and histopathological changes in the rat ileum. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:231-241. [PMID: 36073012 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to a diet with a high saturated fat content can influence the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, causing losses in the absorption of nutrients and favoring the appearance of diseases. The objective was to assess the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in the perinatal (pregnancy and lactation) and post-weaning period on the histomorphometry, neuroplasticity, and histopathology of the ileum. Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups: Control/Control (CC, n = 10) rats fed a control diet (C) throughout the trial period; Control/HFD (CH, n = 9) rats fed diet C (perinatal) and HFD after weaning; HFD/Control (HC, n = 10) rats fed HFD (perinatal) and diet C (post-weaning); HFD/HFD (HH, n = 9) rats fed HFD throughout the experimental period. There was atrophy of the Ileum wall with a reduction in the muscular tunic, submucosa, and mucosa thickness in the HH group of 37%, 28%, and 46%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The depth of the crypts decreased by 29% (p < 0.0001) and height increased by 5% (p < 0.0013). Villus height decreased by 41% and 18% in HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001) and width decreased by 11% in the HH (p < 0.0001). The height of the enterocytes decreased by 18% in the HH (p < 0.0001). There was a decrease in the area of the myenteric and submucosal plexus ganglia in the HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001). The number, occupation, and granules of Paneth cells increased in the HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001). Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) increased in all groups exposed to the HFD. Goblet cells decreased in groups CH and HH (p < 0.0001). The evidence from this study suggests that the HFD had altered the histomorphometry, neuroplasticity, and histopathology of the ileum of the rats.
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da Silva RKB, de Vasconcelos DAA, da Silva AVE, da Silva RPB, de Oliveira Neto OB, Galindo LCM. Effects of maternal high-fat diet on the hypothalamic components related to food intake and energy expenditure in mice offspring. Life Sci 2022; 307:120880. [PMID: 35963301 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and lactation has been related to changes in the hypothalamic circuits involved in the regulation of food intake. Furthermore, maternal HFD during the critical period of development can alter the offspring's metabolic programming with long-term repercussions. This study systematically reviewed the effects of HFD consumption during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and/or lactation. The main outcomes evaluated were food intake; body weight; cellular or molecular aspects of peptides and hypothalamic receptors involved in the regulation of energy balance in mice. Two independent authors performed a search in the electronic databases Medline/PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Sigle via Open Gray. Included were experimental studies of mice exposed to HFD during pregnancy and/or lactation that evaluated body composition, food intake, energy expenditure and hypothalamic components related to energy balance. Internal validity was assessed using the SYRCLE risk of bias. The Kappa index was measured to analyze the agreement between reviewers. The PRISMA statement was used to report this systematic review. Most studies demonstrated that there was a higher body weight, body fat deposits and food intake, as well as alterations in the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides in offspring that consumed HFD. Therefore, the maternal diet can affect the phenotype and metabolism of the offspring, in addition to harming the hypothalamic circuits and favoring the orexigenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Katiuska Bezerra da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Diogo Antonio Alves de Vasconcelos
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Study Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Roxana Patrícia Bezerra da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Lígia Cristina Monteiro Galindo
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Study Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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de Britto Rosa MC, Ribeiro PR, de Oliveira Silva V, Selvati-Rezende DADC, da Silva TP, Souza FR, Cardoso MDG, Seixas JN, Andrade EF, Pardi V, Murata RM, Pereira LJ. Fatty acids composition and in vivo biochemical effects of Aleurites moluccana seed (Candlenut) in obese wistar rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:80. [PMID: 35676689 PMCID: PMC9178887 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candlenut (CN) has been used indiscriminately for weight loss. In vivo effects of CN in different doses are scarce. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of CN ingestion in obese rats. DESIGN Thirty animals (obese and non-obese) received one of three different types of treatments: placebo, CN ingestion in a popular therapeutic regimen (8 days with oral administration of 0.2 mg/kg followed by 20 days with doses of 0.4 mg/kg), and ingestion of a doubled popular dose-called 2CN. Treatment was maintained for 28 days. RESULTS The fatty acid profile of CN indicated mainly linolelaidic and palmitoleic acids. Rats receiving CN and 2CN showed reduced plasmatic levels of glucose and lipoproteins (p < 0.05). A dose-dependent carcass fat reduction was observed (p < 0.05). Blood levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) reduced with CN and increased with 2CN doses (p < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the atherogenic index remained similar among all treatments (p > 0.05). Hepatic vacuolation decreased with CN, but the 2CN dose produced mononuclear leucocyte infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS Although CN presented beneficial effects on the metabolism of rats, it also caused increased risk of liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Reis Ribeiro
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Mail Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Viviam de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Mailbox 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tácio Peres da Silva
- Agriculture Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Mail Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rezende Souza
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Mail Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Cardoso
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Mail Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Josilene Nascimento Seixas
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Mailbox 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Eric Francelino Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Mailbox 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
- Agrarian Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Unaí, Minas Gerais, 38610-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Ramiro Mendonça Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Mail Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Mailbox 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil.
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Santos LS, Matos RJB, Cordeiro GS, Perez GS, Santo DAE, Silva RT, Gonçalves MS, Boaventura GT, Deiró TCBJ, Barreto-Medeiros JM. Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e234855. [PMID: 33729380 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.234855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the hight-fat diet may alter the control of food intake promoting hyperphagia and obesity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of this diet on dopamine receptors (drd1 and drd2), proopiomelanocortin (pomc), neuropeptideY (npy) genes expression, and preference food in adult rats. Wistar female rats were fed a hight-fat or control diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated into groups: Lactation - Control (C) and High-fat (H). Post-weaning - Control Control (CC), offspring of mothers C, fed a control diet after weaning; Control Hight-fat (CH), offspring of mothers C, fed a hight-fat diet after weaning; Hight-fat Control (HC), offspring of mothers H, fed with control diet after weaning; and Hight-fat Hight-fat (HH), offspring of mothers H, fed a H diet after weaning. The groups CH and HH presented greater expression of drd1 in comparison to the CC. The drd2 of CH and HC presented higher gene expression than did CC. HH presented higher pomc expression in comparison to the other groups. HC also presented greater expression in comparison to CH. The npy of HH presented greater expression in relation to CH and HC. HH and HC have had a higher preference for a high-fat diet at 102º life's day. The high-fat diet altered the gene expression of the drd1, drd2, pomc and npy, and influencing the food preference for high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Santos
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - R J B Matos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória de Santo Antão, Núcleo de Educação Física e Ciências do Esporte, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - G S Cordeiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - G S Perez
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - D A E Santo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - R T Silva
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - M S Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - G T Boaventura
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Departamento de Nutrição e Dietética, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - T C B J Deiró
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - J M Barreto-Medeiros
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil
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Dos Santos LS, de Matos RJB, Cordeiro GDS, Dos Santos JN, Perez GDS, Gonçalves MDS, Ribeiro IDO, Barreto Medeiros JM. Perinatal and post-weaning exposure to an obesogenic diet promotes greater expression of nuclear factor-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α in white adipose tissue and hypothalamus of adult rats. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:502-510. [PMID: 32496945 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1764291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To analyze the effects of exposure to a high-fat diet during the perinatal period and after weaning on white adipose tissue accumulation and gene expression of TNF- α and NF- κB.Method: Wistar female rats were fed with high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated into four groups: Control Control (CC), offspring of mothers GC, fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH), offspring of mothers GC, fed a hight-fat diet after weaning; High-fat Control (HC), offspring of mothers GH, fed with control diet after weaning; and High-fat High-fat (HH), offspring of mothers GH, fed a H diet after weaning.Results: HH and HC groups showed increased body weight compared to CC group and increases in caloric intake, larger amount of white adipose tissue and adipocyte size compared to CC and CH groups. The HH and CH groups showed higher NF-kB expression in white adipose tissue compared to the CC and HC groups, and the HH group also showed higher TNF- α expression. In the hypothalamus, the HH and HC groups exhibited higher TNF- α expression compared to the CC and CH groups.Conclusion: Perinatal and post-weaning exposure to the high-fat diet increases the amount of white adipose tissue, adipocyte size, and expression of the inflammatory genes TNF-α and NF-kB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucimeire Santana Dos Santos
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriele Dos Santos Cordeiro
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Dos Santos Perez
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mariane Dos Santos Gonçalves
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ingrid de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jairza Maria Barreto Medeiros
- Graduate Program of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
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Macêdo APA, Cordeiro GS, Santos LS, Santo DAE, Perez GS, Couto RD, Machado MEPC, Medeiros JMB. Murinometric measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in young rats exposed to the high-fat diet: Is there correlation? BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 81:246-250. [PMID: 32428096 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.221405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to verify the correlation between murine measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats exposed to the high-fat diet. Material and methods: Wistar male adult rats, descendants of mothers who consumed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation and fed the same diet after weaning were used. At 60 days of life, body weight, longitudinal axis and waist circumference (WC) were measured. The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Lee Index were calculated for a posterior analysis of the correlation with the amount of retroperitoneal adipose tissue dissected on the same day. For analysis of the data, the Pearson correlation test was used, considering statistical significance for p <0.05. Results: Body weight had a weak correlation (r= 0.31; p= 0.38) with retroperitoneal adipose tissue. While the longitudinal correlated moderately and negative (r= -0.40; p= 0.25). Abdominal circumference (r= 0.62; p= 0.05), body mass index (r= 0.61; p= 0.03) and Lee (r= 0.69; p= 0.03) correlated moderately and positively with adipose tissue. Conclusion: Among the measured murine measurements, weight and longitudinal axis were not good indicators to represent accumulation of retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats. However, Lee's index seems to be the best murine marker to diagnose the accumulation of retroperitoneal fat. BMI, CA and Lee index were murine parameters with higher correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P A Macêdo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - G S Cordeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - L S Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - D A E Santo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - G S Perez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - R D Couto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - M E P C Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Departamento de Ciências da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - J M Barreto Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Departamento de Ciências da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Código Postal , Salvador, BA, Brasil
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7
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Santos LS, Cordeiro GS, Perez GS, Santo DAE, Macêdo APA, Lima MS, Carneiro IBC, Machado MEPC, Deiró TCJ, Barreto-Medeiros JM. Influence of mother nutrition during pregnancy and/or lactation on offspring food preference in experimental models. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 79:220-232. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.179134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Understanding associations between food preferences and maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation could inform efforts to understanding the obesity mechanisms and provide insight to prevent it. Objective: To identify studies that investigated the effects of nutritional interventions during the pregnancy and lactation on the food preferences of offspring. Method: The review was conducted with search for articles in the databases: Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, LILACS, Scielo and Science Direct. Exclusion criteria were used: reviews, human studies, studies with drugs or other substances not related to food. Results: At the end of the search in the databases, 176 references were found. After use the exclusion criteria, reading the titles, abstracts and full articles, were selected 11 articles to compose the review. Conclusion: The selected studies suggested that unbalanced nutrition in early life alters the food preference and neural components related to the consumption of fatty and sugary foods in offspring rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. S. Santos
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | - G. S. Cordeiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | - G. S. Perez
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | - D. A. E. Santo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | | | | | - I. B. C. Carneiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | - M. E. P. C. Machado
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
| | - T. C.B. J. Deiró
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
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Bendimerad-Benmokhtar S, Bouanane S, Merzouk H, Baba Ahmed FZ, Bendaoud A. Effects of Nannochloropsis Fed on Serum and Tissue Lipids Metabolism in Obese Offspring of Overfed Dams. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401313666171004153311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present work aims at determining the effects of maternal-diet-induced obesity on offspring metabolism. The short-term of a marine microalgae diet and its effects on lipids metabolism was investigated. </P><P> Method: Before gestation, some rats are fed control diet and others cafeteria diet. Moreover, two groups of dams were fed standard and cafeteria diets, and two other groups were fed the same diets but containing 10% of microalgae. This feeding started at gestation, and continued throughout parturition, lactation until their offspring's weaning age. </P><P> Results: Cafeteria diet was shown to increase the body weight and visceral obesity, with aberration in lipid metabolism. The results obtained show that the microalgae diet supplement induces a significant decrease in the maternal body weight and relative adipose tissue weight, plasma glucose and lipid levels, liver-triglyceride (TG) and adipose tissue-TG at parturition and at the end of lactation. Also, the addition of the microalgae in both males and female offspring fed dams at birth and weaning showed significant decrease in body weight, liver-TG whereas significant increase in TG-HDL. </P><P> Conclusion: In the end, it was noted that the incorporation of 10% of microalgae has a beneficial effect on body weight and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Bendimerad-Benmokhtar
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Samira Bouanane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Fatima Zohra Baba Ahmed
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Asme Bendaoud
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
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Lima MS, Perez GS, Morais GL, Santos LS, Cordeiro GS, Couto RD, Deiró TCBJ, Leandro CG, Barreto-Medeiros JM. Effects of maternal high fat intake during pregnancy and lactation on total cholesterol and adipose tissue in neonatal rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 78:615-618. [PMID: 29319751 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.166788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Obesity during pregnancy is one of the most established risk factors for negative long-term programming. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation on the weight gain, visceral adipose tissue and cholesterolemia in neonatal rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to the mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation: Control group (CG, n = 12) were the offspring of rats fed a standard diet (4% lipid) and the Test group (TG, n = 12) were pups rats fed on a high fat diet (23% lipid). The weight of the animals was measured on alternate days until the 22nd day of life, when collected visceral adipose tissue and blood were collected for biochemical analysis. For statistical analysis the Student t test, Sidak´s teste and two way ANOVA was used, with p <0.05. RESULTS the test group showed differences in weight gain, visceral adipose tissue and higher cholesterol. CONCLUSION a maternal exposure to a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation can promote changes in weight gain, hypercholesterolemia and an increase in adipose tissue in neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - G S Perez
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - G L Morais
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - L S Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - G S Cordeiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - R D Couto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, CEP 41170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - T C B J Deiró
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Departamento de Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - C G Leandro
- Departamento de Educação Física e Ciência do Esporte, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Rua Alto do Reservatório, Bela Vista, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - J M Barreto-Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Departamento de Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Little appetite for obesity: meta-analysis of the effects of maternal obesogenic diets on offspring food intake and body mass in rodents. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1669-78. [PMID: 26293233 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition that maternal effects contribute to variation in individual food intake and metabolism. For example, many experimental studies on model animals have reported the effect of a maternal obesogenic diet during pregnancy on the appetite of offspring. However, the consistency of effects and the causes of variation among studies remain poorly understood. METHODS After a systematic search for relevant publications, we selected 53 studies on rats and mice for a meta-analysis. We extracted and analysed data on the differences in food intake and body weight between offspring of dams fed obesogenic diets and dams fed standard diets during gestation. We used meta-regression to study predictors of the strength and direction of the effect sizes. RESULTS We found that experimental offspring tended to eat more than control offspring but this difference was small and not statistically significant (0.198, 95% highest posterior density (HPD)=-0.118-0.627). However, offspring from dams on obesogenic diets were significantly heavier than offspring of control dams (0.591, 95% HPD=0.052-1.056). Meta-regression analysis revealed no significant influences of tested predictor variables (for example, use of choice vs no-choice maternal diet, offspring sex) on differences in offspring appetite. Dietary manipulations that extended into lactation had the largest effect on body weight. Subgroup analysis revealed that high protein to non-protein ratio of the maternal diet may promote increased body weight in experimental offspring in comparison with control offspring; low protein content in the maternal chow can have opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to maternal obesogenic diets in early life is not likely to result in a substantial change in offspring appetite. Nevertheless, we found an effect on offspring body weight, consistent with permanent alterations of offspring metabolism in response to maternal diet. Additionally, it appears that protein content of the obesogenic diet and timing of manipulation modulate the effects on offspring body weight in later life.
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Ferro Cavalcante TC, Marcelino da Silva AA, Lira MCA, Amaral Almeida LCD, Marques APJ, Nascimento ED. Early exposure of dams to a westernized diet has long-term consequences on food intake and physiometabolic homeostasis of the rat offspring. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:989-93. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.950208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Active maternal phenotype is established before breeding and leads offspring to align growth trajectory outcomes and reflex ontogeny. Physiol Behav 2014; 129:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Mendes-da-Silva C, Giriko CÁ, Mennitti LV, Hosoume LF, Souto TDS, Silva AVD. Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy or lactation changes the somatic and neurological development of the offspring. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2014; 72:136-44. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20130220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The maternal exposure to high fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and breastfeeding have been considered an important inducer of alterations in offspring normal programming, both in animals and humans, and may disturb brain development. In the present study we investigated the somatic and sensory-motor development of the offspring from rat dams fed a HFD, compared with dams fed a control diet, during pregnancy or lactation. Indicators of the body growth, physical maturation, and reflex ontogeny were evaluated. Offspring of dams fed a HFD showed reduced weight and body growth, delayed physical maturation, and delayed maturation of the physiological reflexes, such as vibrissa placing, auditory startle response, and free-fall righting. Our findings suggest that maternal HFD during pregnancy or lactation modifies somatic and neurological development of the offspring, possibly increasing the risk of neuroendocrine and neuropsychiatric disorders later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laís Vales Mennitti
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Giriko CÁ, Andreoli CA, Mennitti LV, Hosoume LF, Souto TDS, Silva AVD, Mendes-da-Silva C. Delayed physical and neurobehavioral development and increased aggressive and depression-like behaviors in the rat offspring of dams fed a high-fat diet. Int J Dev Neurosci 2013; 31:731-9. [PMID: 24071008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early maternal exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) may influence the brain development of rat offspring and consequently affect physiology and behavior. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the somatic, physical, sensory-motor and neurobehavioral development of the offspring of dams fed an HFD (52% calories from fat, mainly saturated) and the offspring of dams fed a control diet (CD - 14.7% fat) during lactation from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day (P). Maternal body weights were evaluated during lactation. In the progeny, somatic (body weight, head and lengths axes) and physical (ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, eruption of the incisors and eye opening) development and the consolidation of reflex responses (palm grasp, righting, vibrissa placing, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis, auditory startle response and free-fall righting) were determined during suckling. Depressive and aggressive behaviors were tested with the forced swimming test (FST) and the "foot-shock" test on days 60 and 110, respectively. The open field test was used to assess motor function. Compared to controls, the HFD-pups exhibited decreases in body weight (P7-P21) and body length (P4-P18), but by days P71 and P95, these pups were overweight. All indicators of physical maturation and the consolidation of the following reflexes, vibrissa placing, auditory startle responses, free-fall righting and negative geotaxis, were delayed in HFD-progeny. In addition, the pups from HFD dam rats also exhibited reduced swimming and climbing times in the FST and increased aggressive behavior. No changes in locomotion were observed. These findings show developmental and neurobehavioral changes in the rat offspring of dams fed the HFD during lactation and suggest possible disruption of physical and sensory-motor maturation and increased susceptibility to depressive and aggressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ássuka Giriko
- Department of Biosciences - Federal University of Sao Paulo/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Master in Health Sciences/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil
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