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Liu Y, Tilleman K, Vlaeminck B, Gervais R, Chouinard PY, De Sutter P, Fievez V. Composition and distribution of fatty acids in various lipid fractions in serum and follicular fluid of women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286946. [PMID: 37342997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) in follicular fluid (FF) are present in an esterified form [triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phospholipids] or as non-esterified FA, which partly originate from blood. However, a comprehensive comparison of blood vs. FF FA in various lipid classes is missing. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the FA composition in each lipid class of serum and FF, and to investigate their mutual correlations. A total of 74 patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment were involved in the study. Both in serum as well as FF, saturated FA and mono-unsaturated FA were predominant in non-esterified FA and triglycerides fractions while poly-unsaturated FA were mainly present in phospholipids and cholesterol esters fractions, although phospholipids also contained high proportions of saturated FA. Irrespective of the lipid class, the FA proportions differed between serum and FF (P < 0.05). Despite these differences, most of the FA in triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol esters of FF were well correlated with their proportions in serum. Nevertheless, only weak to moderate associations (r < 0.60) were observed for the majority of the FA in the non-esterified FA fraction. Differences in FA product/precursor-ratios were found between serum and FF, such as higher C20:4n-6 to C18:2n-6 and C20:5n-3 to C18:3n-3 in FF. FA metabolism (e.g. desaturation and elongation) takes place in cells of the intrafollicular micro-environment. Moreover, good correlations between esterified FA in serum and FF suggest esterified FA in blood could be representative of esterified FA in FF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, PR China
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Tilleman
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Rachel Gervais
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Petra De Sutter
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Yang H, Heirbaut S, Jing X, De Neve N, Vandaele L, Jeyanathan J, Fievez V. Susceptibility of dairy cows to subacute ruminal acidosis is reflected in both prepartum and postpartum bacteria as well as odd- and branched-chain fatty acids in feces. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:87. [PMID: 36195941 PMCID: PMC9533591 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transition period is a challenging period for high-producing dairy cattle. Cows in early lactation are considered as a group at risk of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Variability in SARA susceptibility in early lactation is hypothesized to be reflected in fecal characteristics such as fecal pH, dry matter content, volatile and odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (VFA and OBCFA, respectively), as well as fecal microbiota. This was investigated with 38 periparturient dairy cows, which were classified into four groups differing in median and mean time of reticular pH below 6 as well as area under the curve of pH below 6. Furthermore, we investigated whether fecal differences were already obvious during a period prior to the SARA risk (prepartum). Results Variation in reticular pH during a 3-week postpartum period was not associated with differences in fecal pH and VFA concentration. In the postpartum period, the copy number of fecal bacteria and methanogens of unsusceptible (UN) cows was higher than moderately susceptible (MS) or susceptible (SU) cows, while the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotellacea_UCG-001 were proportionally less abundant in UN compared with SU cows. Nevertheless, only a minor reduction was observed in iso-BCFA proportions in fecal fatty acids of SU cows, particularly iso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0, compared with UN cows. Consistent with the bacterial changes postpartum, the lower abundance of Ruminococcus was already observed in the prepartum fecal bacterial communities of UN cows, whereas Lachnospiraceae_UCG-001 was increased. Nevertheless, no differences were observed in the prepartum fecal VFA or OBCFA profiles among the groups. Prepartum fecal bacterial communities of cows were clustered into two distinct clusters with 70% of the SU cows belonging to cluster 1, in which they represented 60% of the animals. Conclusions Inter-animal variation in postpartum SARA susceptibility was reflected in post- and prepartum fecal bacterial communities. Differences in prepartum fecal bacterial communities could alert for susceptibility to develop SARA postpartum. Our results generated knowledge on the association between fecal bacteria and SARA development which could be further explored in a prevention strategy. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00738-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Heirbaut
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaoping Jing
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nympha De Neve
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Vandaele
- Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Scheldeweg 68, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Jeyamalar Jeyanathan
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, building F, 1st floor, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Artiles-Ortega E, de la Fé-Rodríguez PY, Reguera-Barreto B, Lima-Orozco R, Fievez V. In vitro rumen degradability of tropical legumes and their secondary metabolites depends on inoculum source. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:330. [PMID: 36173493 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the in vitro apparent rumen degradability of organic matter (ARDOM) and plant secondary metabolites (ARDPSM) of three tropical legumes (Mucuna pruriens, Canavalia ensiformis, and Leucaena leucocephala) were assessed. For this, 3 experiments were set up, i.e., single end-point incubations (24 h) with ruminal inoculum from either Belgian or Cuban sheep, as well as kinetic assessments (0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, 12 h, and 24 h) inoculum from Belgian sheep. L-mimosine, L-canavanine, Concanavalin A (Con A), and trypsin inhibitor (TI) were the plant secondary metabolites (PSM) targeted in this study. In all three experiments, both beans, as well as forage/bean meals of M. pruriens and C. ensiformis and their PSM, were extensively degraded during 24 h incubation, irrespective of the inoculum source (0.44 to 0.70 and 0.43 to 0.78 g/g of organic matter (OM) for ARDOM, respectively, and > 0.80 g/g for L-canavanine, > 0.76 TIU/TIU for TI, and > 0.95 g/g for Con A, for both legumes). Forage meal of L. leucocephala was considerably less degraded, with apparent ruminal degradabilities of 0.20 g/g OM and 0.35 g/g OM after 24 h incubation with Belgian or Cuban sheep inoculum, respectively. This could - at least partially - be related to L-mimosine, present in L. leucocephala, which was hardly degraded in the Belgian incubation, while a more extensive ruminal breakdown was observed under the Cuban conditions (0.05 g/g PSM vs. 0.78 g/g PSM, respectively). The negative effect of L-mimosine on OM degradability was supported in an additional in vitro experiment with straw and inoculum from Belgian sheep, as ruminal degradation of straw was 31% lower when pure L-mimosine was supplemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Artiles-Ortega
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba. .,Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba.
| | - Pedro Yoelvys de la Fé-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Beydis Reguera-Barreto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Raciel Lima-Orozco
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba.,Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, carretera a Camajuaní km 5½, 54 830, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Liu Y, Tilleman K, Vlaeminck B, Gervais R, Chouinard PY, De Sutter P, Fievez V. The fatty acid composition in follicles is related to the developmental potential of oocytes up to the blastocyst stage: a single-centre cohort study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:107. [PMID: 35879714 PMCID: PMC9310456 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced maternal age and obesity are associated with impaired female fertility. Moreover, fatty acids (FA) in follicular fluid (FF) play important roles in oocyte maturation and embryo development. However, the effects of body mass index (BMI), age, and FF FA composition on embryo development between days 3 and 5 and blastocyst stage on day 5 are still unclear. METHODS This study included 138 patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), which were divided into three BMI groups (18.5-24.9 kg/m2 vs. 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 vs. ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) and three age-related groups (20-30 years vs. 31-34 years vs. ≥ 35 years) which were compared for ART outcomes. Further, observations were divided into quartiles based on either of three parameters related to embryo outcome, i.e. (i) embryos developing between days 3 and 5 (ED3-5) and (ii) expanded blastocysts on day 5 (EB5), both expressed proportionally to the number of oocytes with two pronuclei (2PN), as well as (iii) the embryo utilization rate (EUR). Proportions of FF FA were then compared between Q1 and Q4, representing the quartile with the worst vs. the best embryo outcome, respectively. Finally, regression models were created to assess the relationships between BMI, age, FF total FA (TFA) concentration, relative proportions of specific FA and embryo outcome. RESULTS Patients of Q1 had higher proportions of FF C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3 and total n-3 PUFA than Q4 patients. Furthermore, Q4 patients tended to be younger than Q1 patients. Within the whole cohort, the proportion of C20:5n-3 negatively correlated with ED3-5/2PN and EUR, while EB5/2PN tended to be negatively correlated with age. Regression models within the overweight and obese group confirmed the negative relation between C20:5n-3 and ED3-5/2PN, but also indicated additional associations: C18:1n-9 and C20:4n-6 were positively associated with ED3-5/2PN and EUR, respectively while the proportion of C18:0 was negatively associated with EUR. CONCLUSION The proportions of n-3 PUFA, particularly C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 were reduced in the patients' quartile with the best embryo outcome. This group of patients was also younger. However, the embryo quality parameters of overweight/obese patients were not associated with age but were positively associated with FF C18:1n-9 and negatively with the proportions of C18:0 or C20:5n-3. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study' registration number was B670201627735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Tilleman
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Vlaeminck
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rachel Gervais
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - P Yvan Chouinard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Petra De Sutter
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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5
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Dewanckele L, Toral PG, Vlaeminck B, Fievez V. Invited review: Role of rumen biohydrogenation intermediates and rumen microbes in diet-induced milk fat depression: An update. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7655-7681. [PMID: 32600765 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To meet the energy requirements of high-yielding dairy cows, grains and fats have increasingly been incorporated in ruminant diets. Moreover, lipid supplements have been included in ruminant diets under experimental or practical conditions to increase the concentrations of bioactive n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in milk and meat. Nevertheless, those feeding practices have dramatically increased the incidence of milk fat depression in dairy cattle. Although induction of milk fat depression may be a management tool, most often, diet-induced milk fat depression is unintended and associated with a direct economic loss. In this review, we give an update on the role of fatty acids, particularly originating from rumen biohydrogenation, as well as of rumen microbes in diet-induced milk fat depression. Although this syndrome seems to be multi-etiological, the best-known causal factor remains the shift in rumen biohydrogenation pathway from the formation of mainly trans-11 intermediates toward greater accumulation of trans-10 intermediates, referred to as the trans-11 to trans-10 shift. The microbial etiology of this trans-11 to trans-10 shift is not well understood yet and it seems that unraveling the microbial mechanisms of diet-induced milk fat depression is challenging. Potential strategies to avoid diet-induced milk fat depression are supplementation with rumen stabilizers, selection toward more tolerant animals, tailored management of cows at risk, selection toward more efficient fiber-digesting cows, or feeding less concentrates and grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dewanckele
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality (Lanupro), Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P G Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - B Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality (Lanupro), Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - V Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality (Lanupro), Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Foskolos A, Ferret A, Siurana A, Castillejos L, Calsamiglia S. Effects of Capsicum and Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate on Rumen Fermentation, Digestion, and Milk Production and Composition in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050859. [PMID: 32429202 PMCID: PMC7278403 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils may affect rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, and milk production and composition. The objective of this study was to test the effects of capsicum oleoresin (CAP) and propyl-propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) on rumen fermentation, total tract digestibility, and milk yield and composition in lactating dairy cattle. Six lactating Holstein cows (averaging (mean ± SD) 130 ± 40 days in milk and 723 ± 55 kg of body weight) fitted with rumen cannulae were used in a duplicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Treatments were: a control diet (CTR), the CTR diet with the addition of 500 mg/d/cow of CAP, and the CTR diet with the addition of 250 mg/d/cow of PTSO. Dry matter intake (DMI) averaged 20.7 kg/d with a tendency towards higher intake in cows fed CAP and lower in those fed PTSO (p = 0.08). Milk yield averaged 31.8 kg/d with no difference among treatments. However, feed efficiency was higher in PTSO supplemented cows compared with CTR (1.65 and 1.41 kg of milk yield/kg of DMI, respectively; p < 0.01). At the doses used in this experiment, CAP and PTSO failed to demonstrate any effects on rumen fermentation, but PTSO increased the efficiency of feed utilization to produce milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Foskolos
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.F.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (L.C.)
- Department of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, Campus Gaiopolis, 411 10 Larisa, Greece
| | - Alfred Ferret
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.F.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Adriana Siurana
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.F.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Lorena Castillejos
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.F.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Sergio Calsamiglia
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.F.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93581495
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De Cuyper A, Winkler D, Tütken T, Janssens GPJ, Clauss M. Fatty Acids of Microbial Origin in the Perirenal Fat of Rats (Rattus norvegicus domestica) and Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Fed Various Diets. Lipids 2020; 55:341-351. [PMID: 32343435 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Guinea pigs are assumed to practice caecotrophy to a higher degree than rats. Studies from leporids suggest that through the practice of caecotrophy, hindgut fermenting species could build up microbial fatty acids (FA) in body tissues. We hypothesized that microbial FA would be detectable in the body tissue of guinea pigs and rats, and this to a higher degree in guinea pigs. Twenty-four rats and guinea pigs were fed with four different pelleted diets (lucerne-, meat-, meat-bone-, insect-based) in groups of six animals for 8 weeks. Perirenal adipose tissue differed in FA composition between the species in spite of the common diets. FA typically associated with microbial activity (saturated FA (SFA; typically 18:0), monounsaturated FA (MUFA; typically trans-fatty acids TFA), and odd- and branched-chain FA (Iso-FA)), were all detected. Guinea pigs had higher SFA levels than rats except on the lucerne diet. Concentrations of 18:0 were higher for guinea pigs on the meat and bone diet. Iso-FA concentrations in guinea pigs exceeded those of rats on all diets. FA profiles with a microbial fingerprint appear-although in low proportions-in the body tissue of both species, and this seemingly to a higher extent in guinea pigs. With respect to whether consumption of rodent meat rich in microbial FA has particular effects on human health as shown for ruminant products, microbial FA concentrations are probably too low to cause any distinct effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies De Cuyper
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daniela Winkler
- Applied and Analytical Palaeontology, Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, J.-J.-Becher-Weg 21, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Thomas Tütken
- Applied and Analytical Palaeontology, Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, J.-J.-Becher-Weg 21, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Geert P J Janssens
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marcus Clauss
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
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Intra- and inter-individual variability of fatty acid composition of the follicular fluid in a cohort of 23 women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:649-655. [DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Brenes-Soto A, Dierenfeld ES, Bosch G, Hendriks WH, Janssens GPJ. Gaining insights in the nutritional metabolism of amphibians: analyzing body nutrient profiles of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7365. [PMID: 31410305 PMCID: PMC6689220 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole bodies of Xenopus laevis (n = 19) were analysed for chemical composition and morphometrics. The nutrient profile (macronutrients, amino acids, fatty acids and minerals) was evaluated by sex; interactions among variables with body weights and lengths, and comparisons made with different species of marine and fresh water fish. Significant differences were found in morphometric measurements, water content, several minerals and fatty acids between sexes of X. laevis. Amino acid profiles differed in methionine, proline and cysteine, which could underlie different metabolic pathways in frogs when compared to fish. In addition, fatty acid profiles revealed more monounsaturated and n − 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in frogs than in fish, more similar to values reported for terrestrial than aquatic vertebrates. Important interactions were also found between body measurements and fat, calcium, and phosphorus, as well as between essential and non-essential amino acids. The results indicate that frogs might have particular biochemical pathways for several nutrients, dependent on sex and linked to body weight, which ultimately could reflect specific nutrient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brenes-Soto
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.,Animal Science Department, University of Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | | | - Guido Bosch
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter H Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert P J Janssens
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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10
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Dewanckele L, Jing L, Stefańska B, Vlaeminck B, Jeyanathan J, Van Straalen W, Koopmans A, Fievez V. Distinct blood and milk 18-carbon fatty acid proportions and buccal bacterial populations in dairy cows differing in reticulorumen pH response to dietary supplementation of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:4025-4040. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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11
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Ruiz-González A, Debruyne S, Dewanckele L, Escobar M, Vandaele L, Van Den Broeck W, Fievez V. Supplementation of DHA-Gold pre and/or postnatally to goat kids modifies in vitro methane production and rumen morphology until 6 mo old. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:4845-4858. [PMID: 30059970 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of pre and/or postnatal supplementation of a dry whole cell algae (DHA-Gold) to goat kids, on in vitro methane (CH4) production, animal growth, and rumen morphology at the age of 6 mo. Furthermore, the in vitro retreatment effect of DHA-Gold was evaluated. Twenty pregnant Saanen goats giving birth to 2 male kids were used. Half of these does were supplemented (D+) with 18.2 g/d of DHA-Gold in the last 3 wk of pregnancy, whereas the other half was not (D-). After kidding, one goat kid per doe in both groups was supplemented daily with 0.28 g/kg of body weight of DHA-Gold (k+) until 12 wk, whereas the other goat kids were untreated (k-). This resulted in 4 experimental groups D+k+, D+k-, D-k+, and D-k-. In vitro incubations were performed at the ages of 4 wk, 11 wk, and 6 mo. At the age of 6 mo, goat kids were euthanized and additional incubations were performed supplementing 4 doses of DHA-Gold (0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/mL). Additionally, rumen tissue of the atrium ruminis, ventral rumen, and dorsal blind sac were collected to assess rumen morphology. Rumen inocula of 4-wk-old goat kids supplemented D+ showed lower (P < 0.05) in vitro CH4 production, however, this was mainly due to a reduction in the overall fermentation, while CH4 expressed relatively to total volatile fatty acids (VFA) was higher when goat kids were treated D+ or k+. The detrimental D+ effect on VFA production diminished at 11 wk old but remained a tendency (0.05 < P < 0.1). As for 4 wk D+ as well as k+ supplementation of DHA-Gold stimulated rather than inhibited in vitro CH4 production expressed relative to total VFA. Supplementation of DHA-Gold either D+ or k+ decreased density, width, and surface area of the ruminal papillae. However, no effect on animal growth was observed. Moreover, detrimental effects of D+ or k+ treatment on VFA production or stimulation of relative CH4 production were no longer observed at 6 mo old. Nevertheless, direct exposure of DHA-Gold to 6-mo-old inoculum linearly (P < 0.05) decreased CH4 and VFA production, which tended (P = 0.06) to be greater when using D-rumen inoculum. Accordingly, neither D+ nor k+ DHA-Gold supplementation showed potential for reduction of rumen methanogenesis. Furthermore, this early life intervention could represent some risk for impaired rumen papillae development, which, however, did not impair animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruiz-González
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Debruyne
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of animal science, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - L Dewanckele
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Escobar
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Vandaele
- Department of animal science, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - W Van Den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - V Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Debruyne S, Ruiz-González A, Artiles-Ortega E, Ampe B, Van Den Broeck W, De Keyser E, Vandaele L, Goossens K, Fievez V. Supplementing goat kids with coconut medium chain fatty acids in early life influences growth and rumen papillae development until 4 months after supplementation but effects on in vitro methane emissions and the rumen microbiota are transient. J Anim Sci 2018. [PMID: 29529321 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the methane (CH4) reducing potential of a combination of prenatal and/or postnatal treatment with coconut oil medium chain fatty acids (CO MCFA) in goat kids. The hypothesis is that influencing rumen function during early life has more chances for success than in the adult life, related to the resilience of the mature rumen microbiota. Forty-eight pregnant does were split into two experimental groups: treated does (D+) received 40 g/d of CO MCFA in a test compound feed, while control does (D-) received a control compound feed, during the last 3 wk of gestation. Twin kids from 10 does of each group were split up into a treated (K+) and nontreated (K-) group, resulting in four experimental groups: D+K+, D+K-, D-K+, and D-K-. The K+ kids received 1.8 mL/d of CO MCFA from birth until 2-wk postweaning (11 wk). Irrespective of treatment, the experimental rearing conditions resulted in absence of rumen protozoa at all sampling times, assessed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). In vitro incubations with rumen fluid at 4 wk old showed 82% lower CH4 production of inoculum from D+K+ kids compared to D-K- kids (P = 0.01). However, this was accompanied by lower total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) production (P = 0.006) and higher hydrogen accumulation (P = 0.008). QPCR targeting the mcrA and rrs genes confirmed a lower abundance of total methanogens (P < 0.02) and total eubacteria (P = 0.02) in D+K+ kids at 4 wk old. Methanogenic activity, as assessed by mcrA expression by RT-qPCR, was also lower in these kids. However, activity did not always reflect methanogen abundance. At 11 and 28 wk old, prenatal and postnatal effects on in vitro fermentation and rumen microbiota disappeared. Nevertheless, lower milk replacer intake in the first 4 wk resulted in reduced BW in K+ kids, persisting until 28 wk of age. Additionally, differences assigned to postnatal treatment were found in papillae density, width, and length in different areas of the rumen, recorded at 28 wk old. CONCLUSION prenatal and postnatal supplementation with CO MCFA reduced in vitro CH4 emissions until 4 wk old by depressing methanogen abundance and activity but at the expense of rumen fermentation and eubacterial abundance. Unfortunately, daily gain of K+ kids was suppressed. Some rumen papillae characteristics differed at 28 wk old due to postnatal treatment which ended at 11 wk old, indicating rumen papillary development can be affected by the early-life nutritional circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieglinde Debruyne
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Scheldeweg, Melle, Belgium
| | - Alexis Ruiz-González
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Einar Artiles-Ortega
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Central University "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Carretera a Camajuaní, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Bart Ampe
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Scheldeweg, Melle, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ellen De Keyser
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat, Melle, Belgium
| | - Leen Vandaele
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Scheldeweg, Melle, Belgium
| | - Karen Goossens
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Scheldeweg, Melle, Belgium
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Toral P, Hervás G, Leskinen H, Shingfield K, Frutos P. In vitro ruminal biohydrogenation of eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cows and ewes: Intermediate metabolites and pathways. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6109-6121. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Ruiz-González A, Debruyne S, Jeyanathan J, Vandaele L, De Campeneere S, Fievez V. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are less effective to reduce methanogenesis in rumen inoculum from calves exposed to a similar treatment early in life. J Anim Sci 2018; 95:4677-4686. [PMID: 29108075 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose response on in vitro methane (CH) production of PUFA to which the inoculum donor animals had been exposed early in life. Sixteen Holstein calves (160 ± 3 and 365 ± 2 kg BW) at 6 and 12 mo of age were used as inoculum donors. Half of the calves were given increasing amounts of extruded linseed from birth (22 g/d) until 4 mo of age (578 g/d) first mixed with milk and then included in their concentrate. Linseed oil (LSO) was supplemented in vitro at 5 different doses (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 mg/mL). Supplementation of LSO in the rumen inocula at both ages linearly decreased ( < 0.05) the in vitro CH production. Total in vitro VFA production was not affected by LSO supplementation. Inhibition of CH was smaller when using the rumen inoculum from calves that had received a similar treatment early in life ( < 0.05). Differences in response to in vitro supplementation of a type of fatty acids similar to those applied during early life suggest some "changes" in the functioning of the rumen microbial community.
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Dewanckele L, Vlaeminck B, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Ruiz-González A, Debruyne S, Jeyanathan J, Fievez V. Rumen Biohydrogenation and Microbial Community Changes Upon Early Life Supplementation of 22:6 n-3 Enriched Microalgae to Goats. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:573. [PMID: 29636742 PMCID: PMC5880937 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched products inhibits the final step of biohydrogenation in the adult rumen, resulting in the accumulation of 18:1 isomers, particularly of trans(t)-11 18:1. Occasionally, a shift toward the formation of t10 intermediates at the expense of t11 intermediates can be triggered. However, whether similar impact would occur when supplementing DHA-enriched products during pregnancy or early life remains unknown. Therefore, the current in vivo study aimed to investigate the effect of a nutritional intervention with DHA in the early life of goat kids on rumen biohydrogenation and microbial community. Delivery of DHA was achieved by supplementing DHA-enriched microalgae (DHA Gold) either to the maternal diet during pregnancy (prenatal) or to the diet of the young offspring (postnatal). At the age of 12 weeks, rumen fluid was sampled for analysis of long-chain fatty acids and microbial community based on bacterial 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Postnatal supplementation with DHA-enriched microalgae inhibited the final biohydrogenation step, as observed in adult animals. This resulted particularly in increased ruminal proportions of t11 18:1 rather than a shift to t10 intermediates, suggesting that both young and adult goats might be less prone to dietary induced shifts toward the formation of t10 intermediates, in comparison with cows. Although Butyrivibrio species have been identified as the most important biohydrogenating bacteria, this genus was more abundant when complete biohydrogenation, i.e. 18:0 formation, was inhibited. Blautia abundance was positively correlated with 18:0 accumulation, whereas Lactobacillus spp. Dialister spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were more abundant in situations with greater t10 accumulation. Extensive comparisons made between current results and literature data indicate that current associations between biohydrogenation intermediates and rumen bacteria in young goats align with former observations in adult ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Dewanckele
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emma Hernandez-Sanabria
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexis Ruiz-González
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sieglinde Debruyne
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Melle, Belgium
| | - Jeyamalar Jeyanathan
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Aldai N, Delmonte P, Alves SP, Bessa RJB, Kramer JKG. Evidence for the Initial Steps of DHA Biohydrogenation by Mixed Ruminal Microorganisms from Sheep Involves Formation of Conjugated Fatty Acids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:842-855. [PMID: 29291262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Incubation of DHA with sheep rumen fluid resulted in 80% disappearance in 6 h. The products were analyzed as their fatty acid (FA) methyl esters by GC-FID on SP-2560 and SLB-IL111 columns. The GC-online reduction × GC and GC-MS techniques demonstrated that all DHA metabolites retained the C22 structure (no evidence of chain-shortening). Two new transient DHA products were identified: mono-trans methylene interrupted-DHA and monoconjugated DHA (MC-DHA) isomers. Identification of MC-DHA was confirmed by their predicted elution using equivalent chain length differences from C18 FA, their molecular ions, and the 22:5 products formed which were the most abundant at 6 h. The 22:5 structures were established by fragmentation of their 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives, and all 22:5 products contained an isolated double bond, suggesting formation via MC-DHA. The most abundant c4,c7,c10,t14,c19-22:5 appeared to be formed by unknown isomerases. Results suggest that the initial biohydrogenation of DHA was analogous to that of C18 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Aldai
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Pierluigi Delmonte
- Office of Regulatory Science, Centre for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Susana P Alves
- CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon , Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui J B Bessa
- CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon , Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - John K G Kramer
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph N1G 5C9, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Siurana A, Ferret A, Rodriguez M, Vlaeminck B, Fievez V, Calsamiglia S. Strategies to modify the ruminal biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the production of trans -10, cis -12 C18:2 in vitro. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Toral PG, Hervás G, Carreño D, Leskinen H, Belenguer A, Shingfield KJ, Frutos P. In vitro response to EPA, DPA, and DHA: Comparison of effects on ruminal fermentation and biohydrogenation of 18-carbon fatty acids in cows and ewes. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:6187-6198. [PMID: 28601459 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of milk fat nutritional quality through fish oil supplementation seems to be largely explained by the action of n-3 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) of C18 fatty acids (FA). However, relationships among this action, disappearance of those PUFA in the rumen, and potential detrimental consequences on ruminal fermentation remain uncertain. This study compared the effect of 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid; EPA), 22:5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid; DPA), and 22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid; DHA) on rumen fermentation and BH of C18 FA and was conducted simultaneously in cows and sheep to provide novel insights into interspecies differences. The trial was performed in vitro using batch cultures of rumen microorganisms with inocula collected from cannulated cows and ewes. The PUFA were added at a dose of 2% incubated dry matter, and treatment effects on ruminal C18 FA concentrations, PUFA disappearances, and fermentation parameters (gas production, ammonia and volatile FA concentrations, and dry matter and neutral detergent fiber disappearances) were examined after 24 h of incubation. A principal component analysis suggested that responses to PUFA treatments explained most of the variability; those of ruminant species were of lower relevance. Overall, EPA and DHA were equally effective for inhibiting the saturation of trans-11 18:1 to 18:0 and had a similar influence on ruminal fermentation in cows and sheep (e.g., reductions in gas production and acetate:propionate ratio). Nevertheless, DHA further promoted alternative BH pathways that lead to trans-10 18:1 accumulation, and EPA seemed to have specific effects on 18:3n-3 metabolism. Only minor variations attributable to DPA were observed in the studied parameters, suggesting a low contribution of this FA to the action of marine lipids. Although most changes due to the added PUFA were comparable in bovine and ovine, there were also relevant specificities, such as a stronger inhibition of 18:0 formation in cows and a greater increase in 18:3n-3 metabolites in sheep. No direct relationship between in vitro disappearance of the incubated PUFA and effect on BH (in particular, inhibition of the last step) was found in either cows or ewes, calling into question a putative link between extent of disappearance and toxicity for microbiota. Conversely, an association between the influence of these PUFA on ruminal lipid metabolism and fermentation may exist in both species. In vivo verification of these findings would be advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, Leon, Spain.
| | - G Hervás
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, Leon, Spain
| | - D Carreño
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, Leon, Spain
| | - H Leskinen
- Green Technology, Nutritional Physiology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - A Belenguer
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, Leon, Spain
| | - K J Shingfield
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Animal and Microbial Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - P Frutos
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, Leon, Spain
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Jordaens L, Van Hoeck V, Maillo V, Gutierrez-Adan A, Marei WFA, Vlaeminck B, Thys S, Sturmey RG, Bols PEJ, Leroy JLMR. Maternal metabolic stress may affect oviduct gatekeeper function. Reproduction 2017; 153:759-773. [PMID: 28258156 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that elevated non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) modify in vitro bovine oviduct epithelial cell (BOEC) metabolism and barrier function. Hereto, BOECs were studied in a polarized system with 24-h treatments at Day 9: (1) control (0 µM NEFA + 0% EtOH), (2) solvent control (0 µM NEFA + 0.45% EtOH), (3) basal NEFA (720 µM NEFA + 0.45% EtOH in the basal compartment) and (4) apical NEFA (720 µM NEFA + 0.45% EtOH in the apical compartment). FITC-albumin was used for monolayer permeability assessment and related to transepithelial electric resistance (TER). Fatty acid (FA), glucose, lactate and pyruvate concentrations were measured in spent medium. Intracellular lipid droplets (LD) and FA uptake were studied using Bodipy 493/503 and immunolabelling of FA transporters (FAT/CD36, FABP3 and CAV1). BOEC-mRNA was retrieved for qRT-PCR. Results revealed that apical NEFA reduced relative TER increase (46.85%) during treatment and increased FITC-albumin flux (27.59%) compared to other treatments. In basal NEFA, FAs were transferred to the apical compartment as free FAs: mostly palmitic and oleic acid increased respectively 56.0 and 33.5% of initial FA concentrations. Apical NEFA allowed no FA transfer, but induced LD accumulation and upregulated FA transporter expression (↑CD36, ↑FABP3 and ↑CAV1). Gene expression in apical NEFA indicated increased anti-apoptotic (↑BCL2) and anti-oxidative (↑SOD1) capacity, upregulated lipid metabolism (↑CPT1, ↑ACSL1 and ↓ACACA) and FA uptake (↑CAV1). All treatments had similar carbohydrate metabolism and oviduct function-specific gene expression (OVGP1, ESR1 and FOXJ1). Overall, elevated NEFAs affected BOEC metabolism and barrier function differently depending on NEFA exposure side. Data substantiate the concept of the oviduct as a gatekeeper that may actively alter early embryonic developmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jordaens
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and BiochemistryGamete Research Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - V Van Hoeck
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and BiochemistryGamete Research Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - V Maillo
- INIAInstituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Gutierrez-Adan
- INIAInstituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - W F A Marei
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and BiochemistryGamete Research Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of TheriogenologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - B Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product QualityGhent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Thys
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and HistologyCore Facility for Biomedical Microscopic Imaging, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R G Sturmey
- Hull York Medical SchoolCenter for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - P E J Bols
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and BiochemistryGamete Research Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J L M R Leroy
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and BiochemistryGamete Research Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Jeyanathan J, Escobar M, Wallace RJ, Fievez V, Vlaeminck B. Biohydrogenation of 22:6n-3 by Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus P18. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:104. [PMID: 27283157 PMCID: PMC4901502 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rumen microbes metabolize 22:6n-3. However, pathways of 22:6n-3 biohydrogenation and ruminal microbes involved in this process are not known. In this study, we examine the ability of the well-known rumen biohydrogenating bacteria, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1 and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus P18, to hydrogenate 22:6n-3. Results Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1 failed to hydrogenate 22:6n-3 (0.5 to 32 μg/mL) in growth medium containing autoclaved ruminal fluid that either had or had not been centrifuged. Growth of B. fibrisolvens was delayed at the higher 22:6n-3 concentrations; however, total volatile fatty acid production was not affected. Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus P18 hydrogenated 22:6n-3 in growth medium containing autoclaved ruminal fluid that either had or had not been centrifuged. Biohydrogenation only started when volatile fatty acid production or growth of B. proteoclasticus P18 had been initiated, which might suggest that growth or metabolic activity is a prerequisite for the metabolism of 22:6n-3. The amount of 22:6n-3 hydrogenated was quantitatively recovered in several intermediate products eluting on the gas chromatogram between 22:6n-3 and 22:0. Formation of neither 22:0 nor 22:6 conjugated fatty acids was observed during 22:6n-3 metabolism. Extensive metabolism was observed at lower initial concentrations of 22:6n-3 (5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) whereas increasing concentrations of 22:6n-3 (40 and 80 μg/mL) inhibited its metabolism. Stearic acid formation (18:0) from 18:2n-6 by B. proteoclasticus P18 was retarded, but not completely inhibited, in the presence of 22:6n-3 and this effect was dependent on 22:6n-3 concentration. Conclusions For the first time, our study identified ruminal bacteria with the ability to hydrogenate 22:6n-3. The gradual appearance of intermediates indicates that biohydrogenation of 22:6n-3 by B. proteoclasticus P18 occurs by pathways of isomerization and hydrogenation resulting in a variety of unsaturated 22 carbon fatty acids. During the simultaneous presence of 18:2n-6 and 22:6n-3, B. proteoclasticus P18 initiated 22:6n-3 metabolism before converting 18:1 isomers into 18:0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyamalar Jeyanathan
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Marlene Escobar
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Robert John Wallace
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
| | - Veerle Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium.
| | - Bruno Vlaeminck
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
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Effect of adsorbants on in vitro biohydrogenation of 22:6n-3 by mixed cultures of rumen microorganisms. Animal 2016; 10:1439-47. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731116000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Foskolos A, Siurana A, Rodriquez-Prado M, Ferret A, Bravo D, Calsamiglia S. The effects of a garlic oil chemical compound, propyl-propane thiosulfonate, on ruminal fermentation and fatty acid outflow in a dual-flow continuous culture system. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:5482-91. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vlaeminck B, Gervais R, Rahman M, Gadeyne F, Gorniak M, Doreau M, Fievez V. Postruminal synthesis modifies the odd- and branched-chain fatty acid profile from the duodenum to milk. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:4829-40. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vlaeminck B, Khattab W, Fievez V. Is ruminal trans-11-18:1 accumulation a prerequisite for trans-10-18:1 production? ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/an14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding ruminal biohydrogenation of linoleic and linolenic acid is important in relation to physiological responses in the animal and the fatty acid profile of ruminant meat and milk. Alterations in ruminal biohydrogenation pathways leading to an increased formation of trans-10-18:1 are known to occur with high-concentrate diets and marine supplements. We hypothesised that accumulation of trans-11-18:1 is a prerequisite for trans-10-18:1 production. To evaluate this hypothesis, a batch-culture method, using rumen fluid from wethers, was used which consisted of two periods. Period 1 (10 h) was used to induce changes in trans-11-18:1 accumulation using a 2 × 2 factorial design, with 18:2n-6 (0 vs 6.40 mg) and 22:6n-3 (0 vs 2.50 mg) replicated with three substrates (starch, glucose or cellobiose). As planned, the addition of 18:2n-6 in combination with 22:6n-3 resulted in greater accumulation of trans-11-18:1 than did the other treatments (2.73 ± 0.125 vs 0.37 ± 0.157 mg/flask). After P1, 18:2n-6 (3.20 mg) was added to all flasks and after 14 h of incubation, formation of trans-10-18:1 and trans-11-18:1 was evaluated. The apparent production of both trans-10-18:1 (0.057 vs 0.812 mg/flask) and trans-11-18:1 (–0.013 vs 1.100 mg/flask) for cultures receiving 22:6n-3 in P1 was greater independent of 18:2n-6 addition in P1 (P > 0.10). This lack of a significant interaction suggests that trans-11-18:1 accumulation was not a major factor explaining trans-10-18:1 production under the studied conditions.
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