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Yort L, Singanusong R, Yuenyong J, Sookwong P, Jiamyangyuen S. Optimization of Vitamin E Extraction from Rice Bran Oil Deodorizer Distillate using Response Surface Methodology. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is the low valuable secondary product of refinery rice bran oil. However, RBODD contains bioactive compounds such as vitamin E, gamma-oryzanols, and phytosterols. To increase value of vitamin E obtained from underutilized product, tocopherols and tocotrienols were extracted from RBODD using ethanol followed by a freezing step. The response surface method (RSM) is known as a potential tool for optimizing processing parameters in order to save time, energy, and chemical material. In current study, vitamin E extract (VEE) was extracted using ethanol and response surface method (RSM) was employed to investigate the optimum condition. The ratio of RBODD: ethanol (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15) and the incubation temperature (0, -20, and -40℃) of vitamin E extraction were used to design the experiment using a central composite design (CCD). Once the optimization process was completed, the RSM was executed using the following 5 responses simultaneously: VEET3, VEEToc, VEETot, RecoveryVEE, and YieldVEE. Results showed that values of each parameter were VEET3 (10.69-89.60 mg/g), VEEToc (2.85-23.37 mg/g), VEETot (13.53-112.97mg/g), RecoveryVEE (16.15-134.76%), and YieldVEE (12.64-44.48%). All model predictions were significant (p-value < 0.05), with non-significant lack of fit (> 0.05). In addition, the values of R2 and R2(Adj) of model were in the range of 0.922-0.988 and 0.893-0.982, respectively. According to these findings, response values were associated with RBODD:ethanol ratio and the incubation temperature. The ratio 1:9.5 (RBODD: Ethanol) and incubation temperature at -26.5 ℃ provided the optimal condition for vitamin E extraction from RBODD. At this optimum condition, it was determined that the predicted responses for VEET3, VEEToc, VEETot, RecoveryVEE, and YieldVEE were 81.87 mg/g, 23.70 mg/g, 103.64 mg/g, 123.63 %, and 20.05%, respectively. The obtained product with high content of tocopherol and tocotrienol can be used as ingredient in food as well as pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laichheang Yort
- 1Department of Ago-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Environments, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Riantong Singanusong
- Department of Ago-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Environments, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Jitkunya Yuenyong
- 2Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Phumon Sookwong
- 2Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Jiamyangyuen
- 1Department of Ago-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Environments, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Modelling and simulation of supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactive compounds from vegetable oil waste. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Maniet G, Jacquet N, Richel A. Recovery of sterols from vegetable oil distillate by enzymatic and non-enzymatic processes. CR CHIM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Giménez T, Mula D, Gea-Botella S, Martínez-Madrid MC, Martí N, Valero M, Saura D. Lipase catalyzed deacidification of tocopherol-rich distillates obtained from natural Vitamin E sources. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Ingle U, Lali A. Design of High-Productivity Mixed Tocopherol Purification from Deodorized Distillates by Tandem Reverse Phase Chromatography. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Ingle
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT); Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra India
| | - Arvind Lali
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT); Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra India
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Ketenoglu O, Sahin Ozkan K, Yorulmaz A, Tekin A. Molecular distillation of olive pomace oil ─ Multiobjective optimization for tocopherol and squalene. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Background Phytosterols have important physiological and officinal function. Methods An efficient ultrasonic assisted extraction, purification and crystallization procedure of phytosterols was established from corn silk for the first time. Results The orthogonal test was applied to optimize the process parameters and a maximum phytosterols recovery as high as 10.5886 mg/g was achieved by ultrasonic treatment for 55 min with liquid–solid ratio of 12:1 at 35 °C, 220 w. The ultrasonic extraction temperature (T, °C) has the most significant effect on extraction yield of phytosterols. An orthogonal crystallization test was performed and the optimal conditions [crystallization temperature of 8 °C, time of 12 h and solid–liquid ratio of 1:1 (g/ml)] afforded maximum phytosterols purity of 92.76 ± 0.43%. Conclusions An efficient extraction and crystallization procedure was established.
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Shahidi F, de Camargo AC. Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Common and Emerging Dietary Sources: Occurrence, Applications, and Health Benefits. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1745. [PMID: 27775605 PMCID: PMC5085773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible oils are the major natural dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocols. Plant foods with low lipid content usually have negligible quantities of tocols. However, seeds and other plant food processing by-products may serve as alternative sources of edible oils with considerable contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Tocopherols are among the most important lipid-soluble antioxidants in food as well as in human and animal tissues. Tocopherols are found in lipid-rich regions of cells (e.g., mitochondrial membranes), fat depots, and lipoproteins such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Their health benefits may also be explained by regulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and modulation of cell functions. Potential health benefits of tocols include prevention of certain types of cancer, heart disease, and other chronic ailments. Although deficiencies of tocopherol are uncommon, a continuous intake from common and novel dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols is advantageous. Thus, this contribution will focus on the relevant literature on common and emerging edible oils as a source of tocols. Potential application and health effects as well as the impact of new cultivars as sources of edible oils and their processing discards are presented. Future trends and drawbacks are also briefly covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
| | - Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food & Nutrition, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil.
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A rapid preparative method for the purification of vitamin E acetate by kinetic reverse phase chromatography. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617416670662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Yu J, Zeng A. Optimization and modeling for the synthesis of sterol esters from deodorizer distillate by lipase-catalyzed esterification. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:270-278. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Aiwu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
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Wei J, Chen L, Qiu X, Hu W, Sun H, Chen X, Bai Y, Gu X, Wang C, Chen H, Hu R, Zhang H, Shen G. Optimizing refining temperatures to reduce the loss of essential fatty acids and bioactive compounds in tea seed oil. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Teixeira ARS, Santos JLC, Crespo JG. Production of Steryl Esters Using Alternative Sources of Sterols and Free Fatty Acids: Modeling and Guidelines. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500212s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. S. Teixeira
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry
Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. L. C. Santos
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry
Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. G. Crespo
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry
Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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13
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Zha B, Chen Z, Wang L, Wang R, Chen Z, Zheng L. Production of glycerol monolaurate-enriched monoacylglycerols by lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis from coconut oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technol ogy, Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technol ogy, and School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technol ogy, Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technol ogy, and School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technol ogy, Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technol ogy, and School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technol ogy, Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technol ogy, and School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technol ogy, Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technol ogy, and School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhe Zheng
- Hainan Institute of Grain and Oil Sciences; Qionghai Hainan Province, P. R. China
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Panpipat W, Xu X, Guo Z. Towards a commercially potential process: Enzymatic recovery of phytosterols from plant oil deodoriser distillates mixture. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Akin O, Temelli F, Köseoğlu S. Membrane applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2012; 52:347-71. [PMID: 22332598 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.500240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional foods and nutraceuticals market is growing at a rapid pace. Membrane processing offers several advantages over conventional methods for separation, fractionation, and recovery of those bioactive components. In this review, membrane applications of lipid-, carbohydrate-, and protein-based nutraceuticals and some minor bioactive components have been critically evaluated. Both non-porous and porous membranes were employed for lipid-based nutraceuticals separations. The use of non-porous membranes together with non-aqueous solvents brought about the impact of solution-diffusion theory on transport through membranes. Both organic and inorganic membranes gave encouraging results for the recovery of lipid components with single- and/or multi-stage membrane processing. Two-stage ultrafiltration (UF)-nanofiltration (NF) systems with polymeric membranes provided an efficient approach for the removal of high- and low-molecular weight (MW) unwanted components resulting in higher purity oligosaccharides in the NF retentate. The charged nature of protein-based nutraceutical components had a major effect on their separation. Operating at optimizal pH levels was critical for fractionation, especially for low MW peptide hydrolysates. Processing of minor components such as polyphenols, utilized all types of porous membranes from prefiltration to concentration stages. Coupling of membrane separation and supercritical fluid technologies would combine unique advantages of each process resulting in a novel separation technology offering great potential for the nutraceutical and functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oğuz Akin
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
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Liang G, Qiao X, Bi Y, Zou B, Zheng Z. Studies on purification of allicin by molecular distillation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:1475-1478. [PMID: 22228257 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With recent improvements in living standards, people have been giving more consideration to the healthcare effects of foods. In this respect, allicin, which is the most important organosulfur compound in garlic and plays a key role in physiological function, has been receiving much attention. RESULTS Allicin obtained from garlic by supercritical CO(2) extraction was purified by molecular distillation (MD). The effects of operating conditions such as absolute pressure (AP), distillation temperature (DT) and feed flow rate (FFR) on allicin purity and yield were studied. The optimal AP, DT and FFR levels in first-stage MD were found to be 200 Pa, 50 °C and 15 mL min(-1) respectively. After three stages of MD the contents of allicin, diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) were 68.04, 9.19 and 5.91% (w/w) respectively. CONCLUSION This study has provided a safe and effective method for the purification of allicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liang
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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18
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Teixeira ARS, Santos JLC, Crespo JG. Production of Steryl Esters from Vegetable Oil Deodorizer Distillates by Enzymatic Esterification. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1020766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. S. Teixeira
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. L. C. Santos
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. G. Crespo
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Zhou WW, Qin DH, Qian JQ. Optimisation of enzymatic pretreatment of soybean oil deodoriser distillate for concentration of tocopherols. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Torres CF, Fornari T, Torrelo G, Señoráns FJ, Reglero G. Production of phytosterol esters from soybean oil deodorizer distillates. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200800141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Fabian C, Gunawan S, Kasim NS, Chiang CL, Ju YH. Separation of Nonpolar Lipid from Soybean Oil Deodorizer Distillate by Stirred Batch-Wise Silica Gel Adsorption-Desorption. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390902775919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ko S, Lee S, Kim I. The concentration of tocols from rice bran oil deodorizer distillate using solvent. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soon‐Nam Ko
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Mi Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In‐Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ito VM, Batistella CB, Maciel MRW, Maciel Filho R. Optimization of tocopherol concentration process from soybean oil deodorized distillate using response surface methodology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 137-140:885-96. [PMID: 18478442 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-007-9105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Soybean oil deodorized distillate is a product derived from the refining process and it is rich in high value-added products. The recovery of these unsaponifiable fractions is of great commercial interest, because of the fact that in many cases, the "valuable products" have vitamin activities such as tocopherols (vitamin E), as well as anticarcinogenic properties such as sterols. Molecular distillation has large potential to be used in order to concentrate tocopherols, as it uses very low temperatures owing to the high vacuum and short operating time for separation, and also, it does not use solvents. Then, it can be used to separate and to purify thermosensitive material such as vitamins. In this work, the molecular distillation process was applied for tocopherol concentration, and the response surface methodology was used to optimize free fatty acids (FFA) elimination and tocopherol concentration in the residue and in the distillate streams, both of which are the products of the molecular distiller. The independent variables studied were feed flow rate (F) and evaporator temperature (T) because they are the very important process variables according to previous experience. The experimental range was 4-12 mL/min for F and 130-200 degrees C for T. It can be noted that feed flow rate and evaporator temperature are important operating variables in the FFA elimination. For decreasing the loss of FFA, in the residue stream, the operating range should be changed, increasing the evaporator temperature and decreasing the feed flow rate; D/F ratio increases, increasing evaporator temperature and decreasing feed flow rate. High concentration of tocopherols was obtained in the residue stream at low values of feed flow rate and high evaporator temperature. These results were obtained through experimental results based on experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mayumi Ito
- Laboratory of Separation Process Development (LDPS), School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas, CP 6066, CEP13081-970, Campinas SP, Brazil.
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Gunawan S, Fabian C, Ju YH. Isolation and Purification of Fatty Acid Steryl Esters from Soybean Oil Deodorizer Distillate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800346x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Setiyo Gunawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan
| | - Cynthia Fabian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsu Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan
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Rada M, Guinda Á, Cayuela J. Solid/liquid extraction and isolation by molecular distillation of hydroxytyrosol fromOlea europaea L. leaves. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Dumont MJ, Narine SS. Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization. Food Res Int 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2007.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Torres CF, Torrelo G, Señorans FJ, Reglero G. A two steps enzymatic procedure to obtain sterol esters, tocopherols and fatty acid ethyl esters from soybean oil deodorizer distillate. Process Biochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fernandes P, Cabral JMS. Phytosterols: applications and recovery methods. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2007; 98:2335-50. [PMID: 17123816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Revised: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytosterols, or plant sterols, are compounds that occur naturally and bear close structural resemblance to cholesterol, but have different side-chain configurations. Phytosterols are relevant in pharmaceuticals (production of therapeutic steroids), nutrition (anti-cholesterol additives in functional foods, anti-cancer properties), and cosmetics (creams, lipstick). Phytosterols can be obtained from vegetable oils or from industrial wastes, which gives an added value to the latter. Considerable efforts have been recently dedicated to the development of efficient processes for phytosterol isolation from natural sources. The present work aims to summarize information on the applications of phytosterols and to review recent approaches, mainly from the industry, for the large-scale recovery of phytosterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fernandes
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Shao P, Jiang S, Ying Y. Optimization of Molecular Distillation for Recovery of Tocopherol from Rapeseed Oil Deodorizer Distillate Using Response Surface and Artificial Neural Network Models. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/fbp06048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Nagao T, Kobayashi T, Hirota Y, Kitano M, Kishimoto N, Fujita T, Watanabe Y, Shimada Y. Improvement of a process for purification of tocopherols and sterols from soybean oil deodorizer distillate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2005.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nagesha G, Manohar B, Udaya Sankar K. Enzymatic esterification of free fatty acids of hydrolyzed soy deodorizer distillate in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hayes DG. Enzyme-Catalyzed modification of oilseed materials to produce eco-friendly products. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-004-1024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G. Hayes
- ; Department of Biosystems Engineering and Environmental Science; University of Tennessee; 2506 E.J. Chapman Dr. 37996-4531 Knoxville TN
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Güçlü-Üstündağ Ö, Temelli F. Correlating the solubility behavior of minor lipid components in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nagao T, Hirota Y, Watanabe Y, Kobayashi T, Kishimoto N, Fujita T, Kitano M, Shimada Y. Recovery of sterols as fatty acid steryl esters from waste material after purification of tocopherols. Lipids 2004; 39:789-94. [PMID: 15638248 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-004-1297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tocopherols are purified industrially from soybean oil deodorizer distillate by a process comprising distillation and ethanol fractionation. The waste material after ethanol fractionation (TC waste) contains 75% sterols, but a purification process has not yet been developed. We thus attempted to purify sterols by a process including a lipase-catalyzed reaction. Candida rugosa lipase efficiently esterified sterols in TC waste with oleic acid (OA). After studying several factors affecting esterification, the reaction conditions were determined as follows: ratio of TC waste/OA, 1:2 (wt/wt); water content, 30%; amount of lipase, 120 U/g-reaction mixture; temperature, 40 degrees C. Under these conditions, the degree of esterification reached 82.7% after 24 h. FA steryl esters (steryl esters) in the oil layer were purified successfully by short-path distillation (purity, 94.9%; recovery, 73.1%). When sterols in TC waste were esterified with FFA originating from olive, soybean, rapeseed, safflower, sunflower, and linseed oils, the FA compositions of the steryl esters differed somewhat from those of the original oils: The content of saturated FA was lower and that of unsaturated FA was higher. The m.p. of the steryl esters synthesized (21.7-36.5 degrees C) were remarkably low compared with those of the steryl esters purified from high-b.p. soybean oil deodorizer distillate substances (56.5 degrees C; JAOCS 80, 341-346, 2003). The low-m.p. steryl esters were soluble in rapeseed oil even at a final concentration of 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Nagao
- Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Osaka 536-8553, Japan.
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Shimada Y, Nagao T, Watanabe Y, Takagi Y, Sugihara A. Enzymatic conversion of steryl esters to free sterols. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-003-0684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimada
- ; Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute; 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku 536-8553 Osaka Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nagao
- ; Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute; 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku 536-8553 Osaka Japan
| | | | | | - Akio Sugihara
- ; Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute; 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku 536-8553 Osaka Japan
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