A novel acidic and SDS tolerant halophilic lipase from moderate halophile Nesterenkonia sp. strain F: molecular cloning, structure analysis and biochemical characterization

Highly efficient expression of Rasamsonia emersonii lipase in Pichia pastoris: characterization and gastrointestinal simulated digestion in vitro

BACKGROUND

Acidic lipases with high catalytic activities under acidic conditions have important application values in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. However, the availability of acidic lipases is still the main obstacle to their industrial applications. Although a novel acidic lipase Rasamsonia emersonii (LIPR) was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, the expression level was unsatisfactory.

RESULTS

To achieve the high-efficiency expression and secretion of LIPR in Pichia pastoris GS115, the combinatorial optimization strategy was adopted including gene codon preference, signal peptide, molecular chaperone co-expression and disruption of vacuolar sorting receptor VPS10. The activity of the combinatorial optimization engineered strain in a shake flask reached 1480 U mL-1, which was 8.13 times greater than the P. pastoris GS115 parental strain. After high-density fermentation in a 5-L bioreactor, the highest enzyme activity reached as high as 11 820 U mL-1. LIPR showed the highest activity at 40 °C and pH 4.0 in the presence of Ca2+ ion. LIPR exhibited strong tolerance to methanol, indicating its potential application in biodiesel biosynthesis. Moreover, the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results demonstrated that LIPR was tolerant to pepsin and trypsin, but its activity was inhibited by sodium taurodeoxycholate.

CONCLUSION

This study provided an effective approach for the high expression of acidic lipase LIPR. LIPR was more appropriate for lipid digestion in the stomach than in intestine according to the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

An Appraisal on Prominent Industrial and Biotechnological Applications of Bacterial Lipases

Microbial lipases expedite the hydrolysis and synthesis of long-chain acyl esters. They are highly significant commercial biocatalysts to biotechnologists and organic chemists. The market size of lipase is anticipated to reach $590 million by 2023. This is all owing to their versatility in properties, including stability in organic solvents, interfacial activation in micro-aqueous environments, high substrate specificity, and activity in even non-aqueous milieu. Lipases are omnipresent and synthesized by various living organisms, including animals, plants, and microorganisms. Microbial lipases are the preferred choice for industrial applications as they entail low production costs, higher yield independent of seasonal changes, easier purification practices, and are capable of being genetically modified. Microbial lipases are employed in several common industries, namely various food manufactories (dairy, bakery, flavor, and aroma enhancement, etc.), leather tanneries, paper and pulp, textiles, detergents, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biodiesel synthesis, bioremediation and waste treatment, and many more. In recent decades, circumspection toward eco-friendly and sustainable energy has led scientists to develop industrial mechanisms with lesser waste/effluent generation, minimal overall energy usage, and biocatalysts that can be synthesized using renewable, low-cost, and unconventional raw materials. However, there are still issues regarding the commercial use of lipases which make industrialists wary and sometimes even switch back to chemical catalysis. Industrially relevant lipase properties must be further optimized, analyzed, and explored to ensure their continuous successful utilization. This review comprehensively describes the general background, structural characteristics, classifications, thermostability, and various roles of bacterial lipases in important industries.

Marine enzymes: Classification and application in various industries

Oceans are regarded as a plentiful and sustainable source of biological compounds. Enzymes are a group of marine biomaterials that have recently drawn more attention because they are produced in harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extensive pH, a wide temperature range, and high pressure. Hence, marine-derived enzymes are capable of exhibiting remarkable properties due to their unique composition. In this review, we overviewed and discussed characteristics of marine enzymes as well as the sources of marine enzymes, ranging from primitive organisms to vertebrates, and presented the importance, advantages, and challenges of using marine enzymes with a summary of their applications in a variety of industries. Current biotechnological advancements need the study of novel marine enzymes that could be applied in a variety of ways. Resources of marine enzyme can benefit greatly for biotechnological applications duo to their biocompatible, ecofriendly and high effectiveness. It is beneficial to use the unique characteristics offered by marine enzymes to either develop new processes and products or improve existing ones. As a result, marine-derived enzymes have promising potential and are an excellent candidate for a variety of biotechnology applications and a future rise in the use of marine enzymes is to be anticipated.

Identification and characterization of two types of triacylglycerol lipase genes from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis

Triacylglycerol lipases (TGLs) can catalyze the hydrolysis reaction of triacylglycerol serving multiple functions in most organisms. Based on the genomic and transcriptomic databases of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis, two TGL genes from N. denticulata sinensis designated NdTGL1 and NdTGL2 were identified and characterized. NdTGL1 showed the highest expression in the stomach, followed by the testis and hepatopancreas, and NdTGL2 exhibited the maximum expression in the hepatopancreas, followed by the stomach and heart. Under the stimulation of copper ion, the expression of NdTGL1 peaked at 12 h and the expression of NdTGL2 elevated significantly at 24 h after stimulation (P < 0.05). It is speculated that NdTGLs may play an important role in the stress response of N. denticulata sinensis. Challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the expression profiles of NdTGL1 and NdTGL2 in the hepatopancreas was different, which indicates that the immune response of the V. parahaemolyticus challenge might lead to changes in triglyceride metabolism. The recombinant NdTGL (recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2) were obtained and the enzymatic characterization of recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were determined. The common maximum activity and stability of the recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were observed at 45 °C and 10 °C, respectively. Both recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 exhibited the highest activity at pH 10.0. Furthermore, the recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 displayed the maximum stability at pH 5.0 and pH 8.0, respectively. In presence of different metal ions, the enzyme activity of recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were inhibited by Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺, and decreased by about 25%. Studies on the triacylglycerol lipases of N. denticulata sinensis provide theoretical support for studies related to fat metabolism in crustaceans and studies on response mechanism of digestive enzymes to microbial pathogens.