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Mescola A, Canale C, Prato M, Diaspro A, Berdondini L, Maccione A, Dante S. Specific Neuron Placement on Gold and Silicon Nitride-Patterned Substrates through a Two-Step Functionalization Method. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6319-6327. [PMID: 27268249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The control of neuron-substrate adhesion has been always a challenge for fabricating neuron-based cell chips and in particular for multielectrode array (MEA) devices, which warrants the investigation of the electrophysiological activity of neuronal networks. The recent introduction of high-density chips based on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, integrating thousands of electrodes, improved the possibility to sense large networks and raised the challenge to develop newly adapted functionalization techniques to further increase neuron electrode localization to avoid the positioning of cells out of the recording area. Here, we present a simple and straightforward chemical functionalization method that leads to the precise and exclusive positioning of the neural cell bodies onto modified electrodes and inhibits, at the same time, cellular adhesion in the surrounding insulator areas. Different from other approaches, this technique does not require any adhesion molecule as well as complex patterning technique such as μ-contact printing. The functionalization was first optimized on gold (Au) and silicon nitride (Si3N4)-patterned surfaces. The procedure consisted of the introduction of a passivating layer of hydrophobic silane molecules (propyltriethoxysilane [PTES]) followed by a treatment of the Au surface using 11-amino-1-undecanethiol hydrochloride (AT). On model substrates, well-ordered neural networks and an optimal coupling between a single neuron and single micrometric functionalized Au surface were achieved. In addition, we presented the preliminary results of this functionalization method directly applied on a CMOS-MEA: the electrical spontaneous spiking and bursting activities of the network recorded for up to 4 weeks demonstrate an excellent and stable neural adhesion and functional behavior comparable with what expected using a standard adhesion factor, such as polylysine or laminin, thus demonstrating that this procedure can be considered a good starting point to develop alternatives to the traditional chip coatings to provide selective and specific neuron-substrate adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mescola
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Berdondini
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maccione
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Dante
- Department of Nanophysics, ‡Department of Nanochemistry, and §Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Lee IC, He JS, Tsai MT, Lin KC. Fabrication of a novel partially dissolving polymer microneedle patch for transdermal drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:276-285. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01555j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric MN patches were fabricated by an easy process with O2 plasma treatment, and efficient, sustained transdermal delivery was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Chang-Gung University
- Taiwan
- Republic of China
| | - Jheng-Siou He
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Chang-Gung University
- Taiwan
- Republic of China
| | - Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- Chang-Gung University
- Taiwan
- Republic of China
| | - Kai-Che Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Chang-Gung University
- Taiwan
- Republic of China
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Quantitatively analyzing the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells on cardiomyocytes in single-cell biochips. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:1385-91. [PMID: 22426842 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-012-0906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To understand how stem cells benefit native cardiomyocytes is crucial for cell-based therapies to rescue cardiomyocytes (CMCs) damaged during heart infarction and other cardiac diseases. However, the current conclusions on the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained by analyzing the overall amount of protein and factor secretion in a conventional co-culture system. These results neglected the heterogeneity of MSC population and failed to determine the importance of cellular contact to the protective effects. To address these issues, we have constructed two biochips by microfabrication methods and laser-guided cell micropatterning technique. Using the biochips, the protective effect of MSCs on CMCs can be quantitatively analyzed at single-cell level with defined cellular contact. The role of cellular contact on protective effect can be clarified according to our statistical results.
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Pirlo RK, Sweeney AJ, Ringeisen BR, Kindy M, Gao BZ. Biochip∕laser cell deposition system to assess polarized axonal growth from single neurons and neuron∕glia pairs in microchannels with novel asymmetrical geometries. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2011; 5:13408. [PMID: 21522498 PMCID: PMC3082345 DOI: 10.1063/1.3552998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Axon path-finding plays an important role in normal and pathogenic brain development as well as in neurological regenerative medicine. In both scenarios, axonal growth is influenced by the microenvironment including the soluble molecules and contact-mediated signaling from guiding cells and cellular matrix. Microfluidic devices are a powerful tool for creating a microenvironment at the single cell level. In this paper, an asymmetrical-channel-based biochip, which can be later incorporated into microfluidic devices for neuronal network study, was developed to investigate geometric as well as supporting cell control of polarized axonal growth in forming a defined neuronal circuitry. A laser cell deposition system was used to place single cells, including neuron-glia pairs, into specific microwells of the device, enabling axonal growth without the influence of cytophilic∕phobic surface patterns. Phase microscopy showed that a novel "snag" channel structure influenced axonal growth in the intended direction 4:1 over the opposite direction. In heterotypic experiments, glial cell influence over the axonal growth path was observed with time-lapse microscopy. Thus, it is shown that single cell and heterotypic neuronal path-finding models can be developed in laser patterned biochips.
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Pirlo RK, Ma Z, Sweeney A, Liu H, Yun JX, Peng X, Yuan X, Guo GX, Gao BZ. Laser-guided cell micropatterning system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:013708. [PMID: 21280838 PMCID: PMC3045411 DOI: 10.1063/1.3529919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Employing optical force, our laser-guided cell micropatterning system, is capable of patterning different cell types onto and within standard cell research devices, including commercially available multielectrode arrays (MEAs) with glass culture rings, 35 mm Petri dishes, and microdevices microfabricated with polydimethylsiloxane on 22 mm × 22 mm cover glasses. We discuss the theory of optical forces for generating laser guidance and the calculation of optimal beam characteristics for cell guidance. We describe the hardware design and software program for the cell patterning system. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities of the system by (1) patterning neurons to form an arbitrary pattern, (2) patterning neurons onto the electrodes of a standard MEA, and (3) patterning and aligning adult cardiomyocytes in a polystyrene Petri dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell K Pirlo
- Department of Bioengineering, COMSET, Clemson University, South Carolina 29634, USA
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