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Ayub M, Othman MHD, Khan IU, Yusop MZM, Kurniawan TA. Graphene-based nanomaterials as antimicrobial surface coatings: A parallel approach to restrain the expansion of COVID-19. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2021; 27:101460. [PMID: 34957347 PMCID: PMC8442307 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a significant and topmost global health challenge of today. SARS-CoV-2 can propagate through several direct or indirect means resulting in its exponential spread in short times. Consequently, finding new research based real-world and feasible solutions to interrupt the spread of pathogenic microorganisms is indispensable. It has been established that this virus can survive on a variety of available surfaces ranging from a few hours to a few days, which has increased the risk of COVID-19 spread to large populations. Currently, available surface disinfectant chemicals provide only a temporary solution and are not recommended to be used in the long run due to their toxicity and irritation. Apart from the urgent development of vaccine and antiviral drugs, there is also a need to design and develop surface disinfectant antiviral coatings for long-term applications even for new variants. The unique physicochemical properties of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have been widely investigated for antimicrobial applications. However, the research work for their use in antimicrobial surface coatings is minimal. This perspective enlightens the scope of using GBNs as antimicrobial/antiviral surface coatings to reduce the spread of transmittable microorganisms, precisely, SARS-CoV-2. This study attempts to demonstrate the synergistic effect of GBNs and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), for their potential antiviral applications in the development of surface disinfectant coatings. Some proposed mechanisms for the antiviral activity of the graphene family against SARS-CoV-2 has also been explained. It is anticipated that this study will potentially lead to new insights and future trends to develop a framework for further investigation on this research area of pivotal importance to minimize the transmission of current and any future viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayub
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Imran Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule, Institute of Applied Sciences & Technology (PAF:IAST), Khanpur Road, Mang, Haripur 22650, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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2
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Serrano-Aroca Á, Takayama K, Tuñón-Molina A, Seyran M, Hassan SS, Pal Choudhury P, Uversky VN, Lundstrom K, Adadi P, Palù G, Aljabali AAA, Chauhan G, Kandimalla R, Tambuwala MM, Lal A, Abd El-Aziz TM, Sherchan S, Barh D, Redwan EM, Bazan NG, Mishra YK, Uhal BD, Brufsky A. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: Promising Antiviral Agents to Combat COVID-19 in the Microbial-Resistant Era. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8069-8086. [PMID: 33826850 PMCID: PMC8043205 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic options for the highly pathogenic human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the current pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are urgently needed. COVID-19 is associated with viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome causing significant morbidity and mortality. The proposed treatments for COVID-19 have shown little or no effect in the clinic so far. Additionally, bacterial and fungal pathogens contribute to the SARS-CoV-2-mediated pneumonia disease complex. The antibiotic resistance in pneumonia treatment is increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs), such as fullerene, carbon dots, graphene, and their derivatives constitute a promising alternative due to their wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and capacity to induce tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the antimicrobial mode of action is mainly physical (e.g., membrane distortion), characterized by a low risk of antimicrobial resistance. In this Review, we evaluated the literature on the antiviral activity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties of CBNs. CBNs had antiviral activity against 13 enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. CBNs with low or no toxicity to humans are promising therapeutics against the COVID-19 pneumonia complex with other viruses, bacteria, and fungi, including those that are multidrug-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de
Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad
Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia,
Spain
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application,
Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8397,
Japan
| | - Alberto Tuñón-Molina
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de
Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad
Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia,
Spain
| | - Murat Seyran
- Doctoral studies in natural and technical sciences (SPL
44), University of Vienna, Währinger Straße, A-1090
Vienna, Austria
| | - Sk. Sarif Hassan
- Department of Mathematics, Pingla Thana
Mahavidyalaya, Maligram, Paschim Medinipur 721140, West Bengal,
India
| | - Pabitra Pal Choudhury
- Applied Statistics Unit, Indian
Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, West Bengal,
India
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of
Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612,
United States
| | | | - Parise Adadi
- Department of Food Science, University of
Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Giorgio Palù
- Department of Molecular Medicine,
University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova,
Italy
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and
Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University-Faculty of
Pharmacy, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Gaurav Chauhan
- School of Engineering and Sciences,
Tecnológico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501
Sur, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007,
India
- Department of Biochemistry,
Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal-506007, Telangana State,
India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Science, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern
Ireland, U.K.
| | - Amos Lal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,
United States
| | - Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science,
Minia University, El-Minia 61519,
Egypt
- Department of Cellular and Integrative
Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San
Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United
States
| | - Samendra Sherchan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences,
School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University of
Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United
States
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Institute of Integrative
Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur,
WB-721172, India
| | - Elrashdy M. Redwan
- Biological Sciences Department,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203,
Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Therapeutic and Protective Proteins
Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research
Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology
Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934,
Egypt
| | - Nicolas G. Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence,
School of Medicine, LSU Heath New Orleans, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- University of Southern
Denmark, Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, Alsion 2, 6400 Sønderborg,
Denmark
| | - Bruce D. Uhal
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United
States
| | - Adam Brufsky
- University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of
Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232,
United States
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Ménard-Moyon C, Bianco A, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Two-Dimensional Material-Based Biosensors for Virus Detection. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3739-3769. [PMID: 33226779 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections are one of the major causes of mortality and economic losses worldwide. Consequently, efficient virus detection methods are crucial to determine the infection prevalence. However, most detection methods face challenges related to false-negative or false-positive results, long response times, high costs, and/or the need for specialized equipment and staff. Such issues can be overcome by access to low-cost and fast response point-of-care detection systems, and two-dimensional materials (2DMs) can play a critical role in this regard. Indeed, the unique and tunable physicochemical properties of 2DMs provide many advantages for developing biosensors for viral infections with high sensitivity and selectivity. Fast, accurate, and reliable detection, even at early infection stages by the virus, can be potentially enabled by highly accessible surface interactions between the 2DMs and the analytes. High selectivity can be obtained by functionalization of the 2DMs with antibodies, nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, or aptamers, allowing for specific binding to a particular virus, viral fingerprints, or proteins released by the host organism. Multiplexed detection and discrimination between different virus strains are also feasible. In this Review, we present a comprehensive overview of the major advances of 2DM-based biosensors for the detection of viruses. We describe the main factors governing the efficient interactions between viruses and 2DMs, making them ideal candidates for the detection of viral infections. We also critically detail their advantages and drawbacks, providing insights for the development of future biosensors for virus detection. Lastly, we provide suggestions to stimulate research in the fast expanding field of 2DMs that could help in designing advanced systems for preventing virus-related pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Singh M, Zannella C, Folliero V, Di Girolamo R, Bajardi F, Chianese A, Altucci L, Damasco A, Del Sorbo MR, Imperatore C, Rossi M, Valadan M, Varra M, Vergara A, Franci G, Galdiero M, Altucci C. Combating Actions of Green 2D-Materials on Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria and Enveloped Viruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:569967. [PMID: 33117781 PMCID: PMC7549698 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.569967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of novel bi-dimensional nanomaterials and live matter such as bacteria and viruses represent an extremely hot topic due to the unique properties of the innovative nanomaterials, capable in some cases to exhibit bactericide and antiviral actions. The interactions between bacteria and viruses and two dimensional nanosheets are here investigated. We extensively studied the interaction between a gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli, and a gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, with two different types of 2D nanoflakes such as MoS2, belonging to the Transition Metal Dichalcogenides family, and Graphene Oxide. The same two types of nanomaterials were employed to study their antiviral action toward the Herpes simplex virus type-1, (HSV-1). The experimental results showed different bactericide impacts as well as different antiviral power between the two nanomaterials. The experimental findings were interpreted in bacteria on the base of the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory. A simple kinetic model of bacterial growth in the presence of the interacting nanosheets is also elaborated, to explain the observed results. The experimental results in viruses are really novel and somewhat surprising, evidencing a stronger antiviral action of Graphene Oxide as compared to MoS2. Results in viruses are complicated to quantitatively interpret due to the complexity of the system under study, constituted by virus/host cell and nanoflake, and due to the lack of a well assessed theoretical context to refer to. Thus, these results are interpreted in terms of qualitative arguments based on the chemical properties of the interactors in the given solvent medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjot Singh
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bajardi
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Achille Damasco
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Manuela Rossi
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Guanluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy
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Innocenzi P, Stagi L. Carbon-based antiviral nanomaterials: graphene, C-dots, and fullerenes. A perspective. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6606-6622. [PMID: 33033592 PMCID: PMC7499860 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of new and lethal viruses and their potential threat urgently requires innovative antiviral systems. In addition to the most common and proven pharmacological methods, nanomaterials can represent alternative resources to fight viruses at different stages of infection, by selective action or in a broad spectrum. A fundamental requirement is non-toxicity. However, biocompatible nanomaterials have very often little or no antiviral activity, preventing their practical use. Carbon-based nanomaterials have displayed encouraging results and can present the required mix of biocompatibility and antiviral properties. In the present review, the main candidates for future carbon nanometric antiviral systems, namely graphene, carbon dots and fullerenes, have been critically analysed. In general, different carbon nanostructures allow several strategies to be applied. Some of the materials have peculiar antiviral properties, such as singlet oxygen emission, or the capacity to interfere with virus enzymes. In other cases, nanomaterials have been used as a platform for functional molecules able to capture and inhibit viral activity. The use of carbon-based biocompatible nanomaterials as antivirals is still an almost unexplored field, while the published results show promising prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plinio Innocenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology , CR-INSTM , University of Sassari , via Vienna 2 , Sassari , 07100 , Italy . ;
| | - Luigi Stagi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology , CR-INSTM , University of Sassari , via Vienna 2 , Sassari , 07100 , Italy . ;
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Abstract
In recent years, graphene has received widespread attention owing to its extraordinary electrical, chemical, optical, mechanical and structural properties. Lately, considerable interest has been focused on exploring the potential applications of graphene in life sciences, particularly in disease-related molecular diagnostics. In particular, the coupling of functional molecules with graphene as a nanoprobe offers an excellent platform to realize the detection of biomarkers, such as nucleic acids, proteins and other bioactive molecules, with high performance. This article reviews emerging graphene-based nanoprobes in electrical, optical and other assay methods and their application in various strategies of molecular diagnostics. In particular, this review focuses on the construction of graphene-based nanoprobes and their special advantages for the detection of various bioactive molecules. Properties of graphene-based materials and their functionalization are also comprehensively discussed in view of the development of nanoprobes. Finally, future challenges and perspectives of graphene-based nanoprobes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Chen
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201800, Shanghai, China.
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