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Wang Q, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Geng Z, Hu X, Cheng W, Dong Y. Performance optimization and mechanism analysis of applied Enteromorpha-based composite dust suppressant. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-023-01544-5. [PMID: 36988854 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the escape of coal dust in open-pit coal mines, a composite dust suppressant was prepared from Enteromorpha, and the preparation factors (water-soluble polymer, temperature, solid content and surfactant) were optimized. The mechanism of dust suppression and the possibility of large-scale field application were discussed. The research results on the related properties of dust suppressants showed that the performance of Enteromorpha-based dust suppressants prepared by this method was excellent compared with similar studies. Among them, polyacrylamide (PAM) Enteromorpha-based dust suppressant had the best performance, with viscosity of 25.1 mPa s and surface tension of 27.05 mN/m. Moreover, PAM Enteromorpha-based dust suppressant had the best effect, with the mass loss of 2.94% under the wind speed of 10 m/s and the coal dust loss rate of 4.6% after rain erosion, and it had strong water retention performance. Through the discussion of dust suppression mechanism, it was found that the mechanical entangled network structure with hydrogen bonds as nodes was formed after the graft copolymerization of PAM and Enteromorpha. It had high permeability and good adhesion. After quickly wetting coal dust, it formed a dense package for coal dust. The field experiment also showed that the use of Enteromorpha-based dust suppressant can effectively inhibit the escape of coal dust. From the point of view of economy and efficiency, Enteromorpha can save 30% of the material cost and the dust suppression efficiency can reach 89-94%. Therefore, the Enteromorpha-based dust suppressant may stably suppress coal dust on the basis of reducing the cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Wang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Yellow River Delta Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Integrity, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhi Geng
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangming Hu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Weimin Cheng
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Dong
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
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Purohit P, Bhatt A, Mittal RK, Abdellattif MH, Farghaly TA. Polymer Grafting and its chemical reactions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1044927. [PMID: 36714621 PMCID: PMC9874337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1044927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer grafting is a technique to improve the morphology, chemical, and physical properties of the polymer. This technique has the potential to improve the existing conduction and properties of polymers other than charge transport; as a result, it enhances the solubility, nano-dimensional morphology, biocompatibility, bio-communication, and other property of parent polymer. A polymer's physicochemical properties can be modified even further by creating a copolymer with another polymer or by grafting. Here in the various chemical approaches for polymer grafting, like free radical, click reaction, amide formation, and alkylation have been discussed with their importance, moreover the process and its importance are covered comprehensively with their scientific explanation. The present review also covers the effectiveness of the graft-to approaches and its application in various fields, which will give reader a glimpse about polymer grafting and its uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank Purohit
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India,*Correspondence: Priyank Purohit, ,
| | - Akanksha Bhatt
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | | | | | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yu X, Hu X, Cheng W, Zhao Y, Shao Z, Xue D, Wu M. Preparation and evaluation of humic acid-based composite dust suppressant for coal storage and transportation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17072-17086. [PMID: 34655031 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate environmental pollution caused by the escape of dust during coal storage and transportation, humic acid (HA) and grafted acrylamide (AM) were used as raw materials to prepare a composite dust suppressant suitable for coal storage and transportation. Single-factor experiments were used to explore the optimal synthesis conditions of the dust suppressant, and the microstructure of the product was studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and other methods. The wetting effect of the dust suppressant on coal was also investigated by way of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The experimental results showed that the dust suppressant had good wind erosion resistance (wind erosion rate 10.2%), shock resistance (loss rate 3.63%), and anti-evaporation performance, while the MD simulation and permeability analysis results showed that the dust suppressant had an excellent wetting effect on the coal surface. SEM images revealed that the dust suppressant can fill the gaps between coal dust particles and bond them together to form a consolidated layer, thereby effectively inhibiting the escape of dust sources during coal storage and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangming Hu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
- Key Lab of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
| | - Weimin Cheng
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
- Key Lab of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiang Shao
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Di Xue
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyue Wu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China
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Abstract
A critical review on the synthesis, characterization, and modeling of polymer grafting is presented. Although the motivation stemmed from grafting synthetic polymers onto lignocellulosic biopolymers, a comprehensive overview is also provided on the chemical grafting, characterization, and processing of grafted materials of different types, including synthetic backbones. Although polymer grafting has been studied for many decades—and so has the modeling of polymer branching and crosslinking for that matter, thereby reaching a good level of understanding in order to describe existing branching/crosslinking systems—polymer grafting has remained behind in modeling efforts. Areas of opportunity for further study are suggested within this review.
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Nontasak W, Thongnuanchan B, Ninjan R, Lopattananon N, Wannavilai P, Nakason C. Fire-retardant wood coating based on natural rubber bearing methacrylic functionality. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe main objective of the present work was to develop intumescent fire-retardant coating (IFRC) for wood based on modified natural rubber (NR). A newly modified form of NR, namely graft copolymers of NR and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), NR-g-PMAA, was first synthesized by a solution polymerization technique. The IFRC was then prepared by compounding the synthesized NR-g-PMAA with a curing agent and an intumescent additive to form a compound coating. Cross-linking of the NR-g-PMAA coating was achieved by reactions with polyisocyanate based on hexamethylene diisocyanate (poly‐HDI) under ambient conditions. Interactions of NR-g-PMAA with poly‐HDI were also studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Expandable graphite (EG) was employed as intumescent filler in the present study. The thermal stability of the NR-g-PMAA coating films was first studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The fire-retardant properties of wood, with or without the NR-g-PMAA coating, were then examined using the limiting oxygen index and cone calorimetry test. The flammability tests indicate that the flame-retardant properties of wood were greatly improved by treatment with the NR-g-PMAA-based IFRC. Hence, it can be stated that this new form of modified NR has shown to possess potential application in the IFRC when used in combination with EG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapong Nontasak
- Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Bencha Thongnuanchan
- Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Rattanawadee Ninjan
- Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Natinee Lopattananon
- Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Puripong Wannavilai
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Charoen Nakason
- Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani, 84000, Thailand
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Racovita S, Baranov N, Macsim AM, Lionte C, Cheptea C, Sunel V, Popa M, Vasiliu S, Desbrieres J. New Grafted Copolymers Carrying Betaine Units Based on Gellan and N-Vinylimidazole as Precursors for Design of Drug Delivery Systems. Molecules 2020; 25:E5451. [PMID: 33233752 PMCID: PMC7699957 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
New grafted copolymers possessing structural units of 1-vinyl-3-(1-carboxymethyl) imidazolium betaine were obtained by graft copolymerization of N-vinylimidazole onto gellan gum followed by the polymer-analogous reactions on grafted polymer with the highest grafting percentage using sodium chloroacetate as the betainization agent. The grafted copolymers were prepared using ammonium persulfate/N,N,N',N' tetramethylethylenediamine in a nitrogen atmosphere. The grafting reaction conditions were optimized by changing one of the following reaction parameters: initiator concentration, monomer concentration, polymer concentration, reaction time or temperature, while the other parameters remained constant. The highest grafting yield was obtained under the following reaction conditions: ci = 0.08 mol/L, cm = 0.8 mol/L, cp = 8 g/L, tr = 4 h and T = 50 °C. The kinetics of the graft copolymerization of N-vinylimidazole onto gellan was discussed and a suitable reaction mechanism was proposed. The evidence of the grafting reaction was confirmed through FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The grafted copolymer with betaine structure was obtained by a nucleophilic substitution reaction where the betainization agent was sodium chloroacetate. Preliminary results prove the ability of the grafted copolymers to bind amphoteric drugs (cefotaxime) and, therefore, the possibility of developing the new sustained drug release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Racovita
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.); (A.M.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Nicolae Baranov
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engienering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, No. 73, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (N.B.); (M.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University, Carol 1 Bvd., No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ana Maria Macsim
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.); (A.M.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Catalina Lionte
- Faculty of Medicine, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street, No.16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Corina Cheptea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Bioengineering, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kogalniceanu Street No. 9-13, 700454 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Valeriu Sunel
- Faculty of Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University, Carol 1 Bvd., No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Marcel Popa
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engienering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, No. 73, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (N.B.); (M.P.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei Street No. 54, 050085 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Silvia Vasiliu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.); (A.M.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Jacques Desbrieres
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM), Pau and Pays de l’Adour University (UPPA), UMR CNRS 5254, Helioparc Pau Pyrenees, 2, av. President Angot, 64053 Pau CEDEX 09, France
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Nussana L, Anand A, Uthaipan N, Kalkornsurapranee E, Johns J. Effects of grafting level and nano-clay loading on the properties of cured NR/PVA blends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2020.1819086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lehman Nussana
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Adeppa Anand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | - Nattapon Uthaipan
- Sino-Thai International Rubber College, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Jobish Johns
- Department of Physics, R&D Center, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
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Tian B, Dong W, Liu Y. Grafting poly(vinyl alcohol) onto polybutadiene rubber latex particles by pre-irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhou G, Fan T, Xu M, Qiu H, Wang J, Qiu L. The development and characterization of a novel coagulant for dust suppression in open-cast coal mines. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617417711025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes the development of a novel coagulant for dust suppression in open-cast mines. Specifically, pretreated sodium lignin sulfonate and acrylic acid were first cross-linked, then the graft copolymerization of the intermediate product (the cross-linking product) and acrylamide was conducted and finally the resulting gelatinous substances were crushed. During the reaction process, N,N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide and ammonium persulfate were used as the cross-linking agent and initiator, respectively. Subsequently, the functional groups, crystalline structure, and thermal stability of the dust coagulant were examined by means of Fourier transform infrared spectra measurements, X-ray diffraction spectra measurements, and differential scanning calorimeter analysis. Moreover, single-factor experiments were conducted to explore the optimal synthesis condition. According to the experimental results, the coagulant achieved its optimal dust suppression performance under the following conditions: the mass ratio of lignin to acrylic acid was 1:3, the mass ratio of lignin to acrylamide was 2:7, the content of the cross-linking agent was 0.9%, the mass ratio of initiator to acrylamide was 2:100, the reaction temperature was set as 60℃, and the pH value was set as 7. Finally, the coagulant was measured for its swelling kinetics, viscosity, film-forming hardness, peeling strength, and ability to suppress dust. It can be concluded that the coagulant exhibits a very high standard of both dust suppression and wind resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China; School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, China
| | - Tao Fan
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Mao Xu
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Han Qiu
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China
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