1
|
Saputera WH, Yuniar G, Sasongko D. Light-driven methane conversion: unveiling methanol using a TiO 2/TiOF 2 photocatalyst. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8740-8751. [PMID: 38495981 PMCID: PMC10938555 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00353e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A TiO2/TiOF2 composite has been synthesized through a hydrothermal method and characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, SEM-EDX, TEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The percentage of exposed facet [001] and the composition of TiO2/TiOF2 in the composite were controlled by adjusting the amount of HF and hydrothermal temperature synthesis. Three crucial factors in the photocatalytic conversion of methane to methanol, including the photocatalyst, electron scavenger (FeCl2), and H2O2 were evaluated using a statistical approach. All factors were found to have a significant impact on the photocatalytic reaction and exhibited a synergistic effect that enhanced methanol production. The highest methanol yield achieved was 0.7257 μmole h-1 gcat-1. The presence of exposed [001] and fluorine (F) in the catalyst is believed to enhance the adsorption of reactant molecules and provide a more oxidative site. The Fenton cycle reaction between FeCl2 and H2O2 was attributed to reducing recombination and extending the charge carrier lifetime. Incorporating Ag into the TiO2/TiOF2 catalyst results in a significant 2.2-fold enhancement in methanol yield. Additionally, the crucial involvement of hydroxyl radicals in the comprehensive reaction mechanism highlights their importance in influencing the process of photocatalytic methane-to-methanol conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wibawa Hendra Saputera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Group on Sustainable Energy and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- Center for Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- Research Center for New and Renewable Energy, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Gita Yuniar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Group on Sustainable Energy and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Dwiwahju Sasongko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Group on Sustainable Energy and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- Research Center for New and Renewable Energy, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Photo-Antibacterial Activity of Two-Dimensional (2D)-Based Hybrid Materials: Effective Treatment Strategy for Controlling Bacterial Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020398. [PMID: 36830308 PMCID: PMC9952232 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial contamination in water bodies is a severe scourge that affects human health and causes mortality and morbidity. Researchers continue to develop next-generation materials for controlling bacterial infections from water. Photo-antibacterial activity continues to gain the interest of researchers due to its adequate, rapid, and antibiotic-free process. Photo-antibacterial materials do not have any side effects and have a minimal chance of developing bacterial resistance due to their rapid efficacy. Photocatalytic two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D-NMs) have great potential for the control of bacterial infection due to their exceptional properties, such as high surface area, tunable band gap, specific structure, and tunable surface functional groups. Moreover, the optical and electric properties of 2D-NMs might be tuned by creating heterojunctions or by the doping of metals/carbon/polymers, subsequently enhancing their photo-antibacterial ability. This review article focuses on the synthesis of 2D-NM-based hybrid materials, the effect of dopants in 2D-NMs, and their photo-antibacterial application. We also discuss how we could improve photo-antibacterials by using different strategies and the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the photocatalyst and in the degradation of pollutants. Finally, we discuss was of improving the photo-antibacterial activity of 2D-NMs, the toxicity mechanism, and their challenges.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang L, Wang L, Shi Y, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Ding G, Zhang H. Blue TiO 2 nanotube electrocatalytic membrane electrode for efficient electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135628. [PMID: 35810871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a Ti3+-doped TiO2 porous membrane (Blue TiO2/Ti) was fabricated and employed for electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants in the single-pass flow-through mode. Characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) verified that Ti3+-doped anatase TiO2 with nanotube structures was successfully prepared. Electrochemical analysis including linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical active surface area (ESA) revealed higher oxygen evolution potential (OEP, 2.23 V vs. Ag/AgCl), larger redox peak current, lower impedance and larger ESA (69 cm2/cm2) of Blue TiO2/Ti compared to the Ti and TiO2/Ti membranes. The effects of current density, flow rate and solution environment on the removal of methylene blue (MB) were investigated. The removal rates of various organic pollutants including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), methyl orange (MO), bisphenol A (BPA) and MB could reach 92.2%-99.5%. The quenching experiment proved that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) played the major role in the Blue TiO2/Ti based electrochemical system. Furthermore, the degradation pathways of two typical pollutants (SMX and MB) were proposed by analyzing the oxidation products with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), with the assistance of orbital-weighted Fukui index (fw0 and fw-) obtained through Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Moreover, toxicity indexes of the oxidation products were obtained and compared to the parent SMX and MB using Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST) software. Finally, the long-term operation performance of the Blue TiO2/Ti membrane was evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Yawei Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guanghui Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li H, Song H, Lai Q, Li Y, Egabaierdi G, Xu Z, Yang S, Li S, He H, Zhang S. A Gd3+-doped blue TiO2 nanotube array anode for efficient electrocatalytic degradation of iohexol. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
5
|
Wang L, Liu Y, Pang D, Song H, Zhang S. Simultaneous electrochemical degradation of tetracycline and metronidazole through a high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption advanced oxidation process. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133469. [PMID: 34973244 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing complexity of water environment pollution, it is becoming ever more practical to study the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants in water. Electrochemical advanced oxidation technology is considered to be one of the most promising green approaches for the degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, Ti3+ and oxygen vacancies (VO) self-doped TiO2-x nanotube array electrodes are employed to investigate the simultaneous degradation and an energy consumption assessment for the effective removal of the antibiotics tetracycline (TC) and metronidazole (MNZ). The electrocatalytic performance of the nanotube arrays prepared at different reduction times is significantly different. The electrochemical reduction of TiO2 nanotube arrays for 10 min presents the best degradation performance for TC and MNZ. When a mixed solution of TC and MNZ is simultaneously degraded, the removal rate of TC (50 mg L-1) and MNZ (50 mg L-1) within 3 h reaches 100%, while the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate is 79.1%. The energy consumption is significantly reduced compared to the degradation of a single substance. Simultaneously, the current utilization rate of the electrochemical degradation system is also significantly improved, with a specific energy consumption of only 85.78 kWh kg-1 and an average current efficiency that can reach 20.2%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Di Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Haiou Song
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, PR China
| | - Shupeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rempel AA, Valeeva AA, Vokhmintsev AS, Weinstein IA. Titanium dioxide nanotubes: synthesis, structure, properties and applications. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Methods of synthesis of nanotubular structures based on titania of various phase and chemical compositions are described. A systematic account is given of known data about the influence of synthesis and subsequent treatment conditions on the amorphous and crystal structures, specific surface area, morphology and optical, luminescence and electro-physical properties of titania-based nanotubular oxide materials. The photocatalytic properties in the oxidation reactions of organic compounds and the performance characteristics of the memristive behaviour of TiO2-based nanotubular structures are considered in details. Their applications are discussed.
The bibliography includes 238 references.
Collapse
|
7
|
Impact of Doping and Additive Applications on Photocatalyst Textural Properties in Removing Organic Pollutants: A Review. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11101160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of ion doping and the incorporation of additives on photocatalysts’ textural properties have been reviewed. Generally, it can be summarised that ion doping and additives have beneficial effects on photocatalytic efficiency and not all have an increase in the surface area. The excessive amount of dopants and additives will produce larger aggregated particles and also cover the mesoporous structures, thereby increasing the pore size (Pd) and pore volume (Pv). An excessive amount of dopants also leads to visible light shielding effects, thus influence photocatalytic performance. Ion doping also shows some increment in the surface areas, but it has been identified that synergistic effects of the surface area, porosity, and dopant amount contribute to the photocatalytic performance. It is therefore important to understand the effect of doping and the application of additives on the textural properties of photocatalysts, thus, their performance. This review will provide an insight into the development of photocatalyst with better performance for wastewater treatment applications.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shirazi-Fard S, Mohammadpour F, Zolghadr AR, Klein A. Encapsulation and Release of Doxorubicin from TiO 2 Nanotubes: Experiment, Density Functional Theory Calculations, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:5549-5558. [PMID: 34014667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes are attractive materials for drug-delivery systems because of their biocompatibility, chemical stability, and simple preparation. In this study, we loaded TiO2 nanotubes with anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) experimentally and in all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The release of doxorubicin from the nanotubes was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confocal Raman spectroscopy, and drug-release profiles were evaluated under various conditions. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating and capping of the nanotubes led to a marked increase in the water contact angles from about 16 to 33° in keeping with reduced wettability. The capping retarded the release rate without decreasing the overall release amount. The MD simulations further show that the DOX molecule diffusion coefficients (Di) are in the order of 10-10 m2/s. The DOX molecules show a plethora of short- and long-range H-bonding interactions with TiO2 nanotube walls and water. Calculated radial distribution functions (RDFs) and combined radial/angular distribution functions (CDFs) allowed gauging the strength of these hydrogen bonds. The strength does not fully correlate with the pKa values of DOX atoms which we assign to the confinement of DOX and water in the tubes. The lifetimes of hydrogen bonds between the DOX atoms and water molecules are shorter than that of the DOX...TiO2 interactions, and DOX...DOX aggregation does not play an important role. These results suggest TiO2 nanotubes as promising candidates for controllable drug-delivery systems for DOX or similar antiproliferative molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadpour
- Department of Physics, Farhangian University, Tarbiat Moallem, Ave Niayesh Junction Farahzadi Blvd, Tehran 1939614464, Iran
| | | | - Axel Klein
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran.,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of chloride and other anions on electrochemical chlorine evolution over self-doped TiO2 nanotube array. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Lee T, Lee W, Kim S, Lee C, Cho K, Kim C, Yoon J. High chlorine evolution performance of electrochemically reduced TiO 2 nanotube array coated with a thin RuO 2 layer by the self-synthetic method. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12107-12116. [PMID: 35423728 PMCID: PMC8696594 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09623g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, reduced TiO2 nanotube arrays via electrochemical self-doping (r-TiO2) are emerging as a good alternative to conventional dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) due to their comparable performance and low-cost. However, compared with conventional DSAs, they suffer from poor stability, low current efficiency, and high energy consumption. Therefore, this study aims to advance the electrochemical performances in the chlorine evolution of r-TiO2 with a thin RuO2 layer coating on the nanotube structure (RuO2@r-TiO2). The RuO2 thin layer was successfully coated on the surface of r-TiO2. This was accomplished with a self-synthesized layer of ruthenium precursor originating from a spontaneous redox reaction between Ti3+ and metal ions on the r-TiO2 surface and thermal treatment. The thickness of the thin RuO2 layer was approximately 30 nm on the nanotube surface of RuO2@r-TiO2 without severe pore blocking. In chlorine production, RuO2@r-TiO2 exhibited higher current efficiency (∼81.0%) and lower energy consumption (∼3.0 W h g-1) than the r-TiO2 (current efficiency of ∼64.7% of and energy consumption of ∼5.2 W h g-1). In addition, the stability (ca. 22 h) was around 20-fold enhancement in RuO2@r-TiO2 compared with r-TiO2 (ca. 1.2 h). The results suggest a new route to provide a thin layer coating on r-TiO2 and to synthesize a high performance oxidant-generating anode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teayoung Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Woonghee Lee
- Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, POSTECH 77 Chungam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwoo Cho
- Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, POSTECH 77 Chungam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Choonsoo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Energy/Environment Convergence Technologies, Kongju National University 1223-24, Cheonan-daero Cheonan-si 31080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyong Yoon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Korea Environment Institute 370 Sicheong-daero Sejong-si 30147 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jung KY. Aerosol synthesis of TiO 2:Er 3+/Yb 3+ submicron-sized spherical particles and upconversion optimization for application as anti-counterfeiting materials. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16323-16329. [PMID: 35498821 PMCID: PMC9052833 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01549k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Er3+/Yb3+-doped TiO2 up-conversion (UC) phosphors were prepared by spray pyrolysis, and the UC luminescence properties were optimized by changing the calcination temperature and the concentration of Er3+ and Yb3+ dopants. TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ showed green and red emissions due to the 2H11/2/4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transition and the 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions, respectively. The R/G ratio between red (R) and green (G) emissions does not change significantly with Er concentration but increases linearly with increasing Yb3+ concentration. The dependence of UC luminescence intensity on 980 nm IR pumping power showed that both the red and green UC luminescence of TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ occurred through a typical two-photon process. In terms of achieving the highest red UC emission intensity, the optimal Er3+ and Yb3+ contents are 0.3% and 7.0%, respectively. The UC intensity of TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ particles increases until they are calcined at temperatures up to 600 °C and then decreases rapidly above 800 °C. This is because when the calcination temperature is 800 °C and higher, not only does the phase transition of TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ occur from anatase to rutile, but also the Yb2Ti2O7 impurity phase is formed. According to SEM and TEM/EDX analysis, the prepared TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ UC powders have an average particle size of 680 nm, a spherical shape with a dense structure, and Er and Yb are uniformly dispersed throughout the particles without local separation. A mark prepared using TiO2:Er3+/Yb3+ powder was found to have a UC emission high enough to be visually observed when irradiated with a portable 980 nm IR lamp. TiO2:Er/Yb spherical particles were synthesized by spray pyrolysis and their luminescence was optimized for application as anti-counterfeiting materials.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Youl Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University 1224-24 Cheonan-Daero, Seobuk-gu Cheonan Chungnam 31080 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ren Y, Shi X, Xia P, Li S, Lv M, Wang Y, Mao Z. In Situ Raman Investigation of TiO 2 Nanotube Array-Based Ultraviolet Photodetectors: Effects of Nanotube Length. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081854. [PMID: 32316530 PMCID: PMC7221791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) with tube lengths of 4, 6, and 7 μm were prepared via two-step anodization. Thereafter, ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) with Au/TiO2/Au structures were prepared using these TNAs with different tube lengths. The effects of TNA length and device area on the performance of the device were investigated using in situ Raman spectroscopy. The maximum laser/dark current ratio was achieved by using a TNA with a size of 1 × 1 cm2 and a length of 7 μm, under a 532 nm laser. In addition, when the device was irradiated with a higher energy laser (325 nm), the UV Raman spectrum was found to be more sensitive than the visible Raman spectrum. At 325 nm, the laser/dark current ratio was nearly 24 times higher than that under a 532 nm laser. Six phonon modes of anatase TNAs were observed, at 144, 199, 395, 514, and 635 cm−1, which were assigned to the Eg(1), Eg(2), B1g(1), A1g/B1g(2), and Eg(3) modes, respectively. The strong low-frequency band at 144 cm−1 was caused by the O-Ti-O bending vibration and is a characteristic band of anatase. The results show that the performance of TNA-based PDs is length-dependent. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering signals of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) molecules were also observed on the TNA surface. This result indicates that the length-dependent performance may be derived from an increase in the specific surface area of the TNA. In addition, the strong absorption of UV light by the TNAs caused a blueshift of the Eg(1) mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Ren
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.R.); (P.X.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiumin Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Pengcheng Xia
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.R.); (P.X.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.R.); (P.X.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Mingyang Lv
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.R.); (P.X.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Yunxin Wang
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Zhu Mao
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.R.); (P.X.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|