1
|
Hardtke-Wolenski M, Landwehr-Kenzel S. Tipping the balance in autoimmunity: are regulatory t cells the cause, the cure, or both? Mol Cell Pediatr 2024; 11:3. [PMID: 38507159 PMCID: PMC10954601 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-024-00176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subgroup of T-cell lymphocytes that is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive immune responses. Depending on their differentiation route, Tregs can be subdivided into thymically derived Tregs (tTregs) and peripherally induced Tregs (pTregs), which originate from conventional T cells after extrathymic differentiation at peripheral sites. Although the regulatory attributes of tTregs and pTregs partially overlap, their modes of action, protein expression profiles, and functional stability exhibit specific characteristics unique to each subset. Over the last few years, our knowledge of Treg differentiation, maturation, plasticity, and correlations between their phenotypes and functions has increased. Genetic and functional studies in patients with numeric and functional Treg deficiencies have contributed to our mechanistic understanding of immune dysregulation and autoimmune pathologies. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of Treg biology, discusses monogenetic Treg pathologies and explores the role of Tregs in various other autoimmune disorders. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches that explore Tregs as targets or agents of innovative treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
- University Hospital Essen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Sybille Landwehr-Kenzel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chechushkov A, Desyukevich P, Yakovlev T, Al Allaf L, Shrainer E, Morozov V, Tikunova N. Sterile Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Boosts Anti-Inflammatory T-Cell Response in Ulcerative Colitis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1886. [PMID: 38339169 PMCID: PMC10856413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic immune-mediated disease of unclear etiology, affecting people of different ages and significantly reducing the quality of life. Modern methods of therapy are mainly represented by anti-inflammatory drugs and are not aimed at a specific pathogenetic factor. In this study, we investigated the effect of transplantation of sterile stool filtrate from healthy donors on the induction of anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms. It was shown that performing such a procedure in patients with ulcerative colitis caused the appearance of T helper cells in the blood, which reacted to the content of sterile stool filtrates in an antigen-specific manner and produced IL-10. At the same time, cells of the same patients before therapy in response to the addition of sterile stool filtrates were less reactive and predominantly produced IL-4, indicating its pro-inflammatory skewing. The obtained data demonstrated the effect of an anti-inflammatory shift in the T-helper response after transplantation of sterile stool filtrate, which increased and persisted for at least three months after the procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Chechushkov
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
- Advanced Engineering School, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Desyukevich
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Timir Yakovlev
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Lina Al Allaf
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Evgeniya Shrainer
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
- Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization “Center of New Medical Technologies in Akademgorodok”, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vitalyi Morozov
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Nina Tikunova
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (E.S.); (V.M.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Motallebi F, Al Sudani ZM, Vaghefi F, Khosravi T, Rahimzadeh A, Kowsari A, Oladnabi M. A novel biallelic 19-bp deletion in the IL10RB gene caused infant-onset inflammatory bowel disease in a consanguineous family: a molecular docking simulation study and literature review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:223. [PMID: 38281300 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IOIBD) is a gastrointestinal inflammatory condition often associated with monogenic disorders and is frequently caused by Interleukin-10 deficiencies. This study aimed to identify the mutation responsible for IBD in an 8-year-old patient from an Iranian family with consanguineous parents. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was employed to identify disease-causing variations. Furthermore, we utilized integrated experimental data of HADDOCK molecular docking platform, including NMR spectroscopy, to characterize the mutant protein and elucidate the underlying functional mechanism of the identified mutation's pathogenicity. RESULTS Our findings revealed a novel 19-bp deletion mutation (c.25_43del, p.Leu9CysfsTer15) in the IL10RB gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that this variant was inherited in homozygous state within this family, marking the first mutation identified in exon 1 of this gene. Molecular docking simulation demonstrated that the mutant form of IL10RB exhibited reduced affinity for binding to the Interleukin-10 ligand, leading to disruptions in downstream cellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The identification of this novel genetic variant as a causative factor for IOIBD highlights the clinical value of utilizing genetic testing, such as WES, as a reliable diagnostic approach for patients affected by this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Motallebi
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zainab M Al Sudani
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vaghefi
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Teymoor Khosravi
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Arian Rahimzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Kowsari
- Pathology and Genetic Laboratory, Beski Hospital, Gonbad-e-Kavus, Golestan, Iran
| | - Morteza Oladnabi
- Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carlini V, Noonan DM, Abdalalem E, Goletti D, Sansone C, Calabrone L, Albini A. The multifaceted nature of IL-10: regulation, role in immunological homeostasis and its relevance to cancer, COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161067. [PMID: 37359549 PMCID: PMC10287165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, protecting the body from an uncontrolled immune response, mostly through the Jak1/Tyk2 and STAT3 signaling pathway. On the other hand, IL-10 can also have immunostimulating functions under certain conditions. Given the pivotal role of IL-10 in immune modulation, this cytokine could have relevant implications in pathologies characterized by hyperinflammatory state, such as cancer, or infectious diseases as in the case of COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 syndrome. Recent evidence proposed IL-10 as a predictor of severity and mortality for patients with acute or post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, IL-10 can act as an endogenous danger signal, released by tissues undergoing damage in an attempt to protect the organism from harmful hyperinflammation. Pharmacological strategies aimed to potentiate or restore IL-10 immunomodulatory action may represent novel promising avenues to counteract cytokine storm arising from hyperinflammation and effectively mitigate severe complications. Natural bioactive compounds, derived from terrestrial or marine photosynthetic organisms and able to increase IL-10 expression, could represent a useful prevention strategy to curb inflammation through IL-10 elevation and will be discussed here. However, the multifaceted nature of IL-10 has to be taken into account in the attempts to modulate its levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carlini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Eslam Abdalalem
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie Marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) European Institute of Oncology IEO-, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharifinejad N, Zaki-Dizaji M, Sepahvandi R, Fayyaz F, Dos Santos Vilela MM, ElGhazali G, Abolhassani H, Ochs HD, Azizi G. The clinical, molecular, and therapeutic features of patients with IL10/IL10R deficiency: a systematic review. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 208:281-291. [PMID: 35481870 PMCID: PMC9226142 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin10 (IL10) and IL10 receptor (IL10R) deficiencies are monogenic inborn errors of immunity (IEI) causing early-onset inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In this report, we systematically reviewed articles that included related keywords using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The articles were screened for eligibility criteria before data extraction. We assessed 286 patients (44.5% female) with IL10 and/or IL10R deficiencies who were predominantly from China (40.7%), Italy (13.9%), and South Korea (8.5%). The median age of onset was 1.0 (0.3-4.0) months with a median age of genetic diagnosis at 16.0 (7.4-81.0) months. Consanguinity was reported in all evaluable patients with IL10 deficiency and in 38.2% of patients with IL10R deficiency (22.9% of patients with IL10RA, and 79.4% of patients with IL10RB deficiency). The most prevalent mutations in IL10RA were c.301C>T (p.R101W) and c.537G>A (p.T179T), those in IL10RB were c.139A>G (p.K47E) and c.611G>A (p.W204X). Auto-inflammation and enteropathy were present in all cases. The first presentation of both groups was protracted diarrhea (45.7%), bloody diarrhea (17.8%), and colitis (15.5%). Patients with IL10R deficiency had a high frequency of dermatologic manifestations (50.5%) and failure to thrive (60.5%), while IL10-deficient patients lacked those complications. In the majority of patients, the basic immunologic parameters were in normal ranges. Of the entire publications, 30.7% underwent hemopoietic stem cell transplantation, 57.5% surgery, and 86.6% immunosuppressive treatment. The 10-year survival rate was higher in patients with IL10 deficiency than in patients with IL10R deficiency. In conclusion, IL10/IL10R deficiency predominantly presents with treatment-resistant, early-onset IBD within the first months of life. We detected no clear correlation between the phenotype of patients carrying the same variant. The high prevalence of distinct clinical manifestations reported in IL10RA- and IL10RB-deficient patients might be attributable to the interactions between the target tissue and cytokines other than IL10 capable of binding to IL10RB. These results gain translational significance by contributing to earlier diagnosis, adequate therapy, and avoiding delay in the diagnosis and unfavorable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Sharifinejad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Majid Zaki-Dizaji
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Sepahvandi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farimah Fayyaz
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Marluce Dos Santos Vilela
- Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gehad ElGhazali
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hans D Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vaghari-Tabari M, Targhazeh N, Moein S, Qujeq D, Alemi F, Majidina M, Younesi S, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. From inflammatory bowel disease to colorectal cancer: what's the role of miRNAs? Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:146. [PMID: 35410210 PMCID: PMC8996392 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with relapse and remission periods. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are two major forms of the disease. IBD imposes a lot of sufferings on the patient and has many consequences; however, the most important is the increased risk of colorectal cancer, especially in patients with Ulcerative colitis. This risk is increased with increasing the duration of disease, thus preventing the progression of IBD to cancer is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to know the details of events contributed to the progression of IBD to cancer. In recent years, the importance of miRNAs as small molecules with 20-22 nucleotides has been recognized in pathophysiology of many diseases, in which IBD and colorectal cancer have not been excluded. As a result, the effectiveness of these small molecules as therapeutic target is hopefully confirmed. This paper has reviewed the related studies and findings about the role of miRNAs in the course of events that promote the progression of IBD to colorectal carcinoma, as well as a review about the effectiveness of some of these miRNAs as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Targhazeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidina
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- Schoole of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melborne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Padovani BN, Abrantes do Amaral M, Fénero CM, Paredes LC, Boturra de Barros GJ, Xavier IK, Hiyane MI, Ghirotto B, Feijóo CG, Saraiva Câmara NO, Takiishi T. Different wild type strains of zebrafish show divergent susceptibility to TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation displaying distinct immune cell profiles. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:13-22. [PMID: 35496825 PMCID: PMC9040082 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the diversity in immune profile of the different wild type strains of zebrafish (Danio rerio), despite its growing popularity as an animal model to study human diseases and drug testing. In the case of data resulting from modeling human diseases, differences in the background Danio fishes have rarely been taken into consideration when interpreting results and this is potentially problematic, as many studies not even mention the source and strain of the animals. In this study, we hypothesized that different wild type zebrafish strains could present distinct immune traits. To address the differences in immune responses between two commonly used wild type strains of zebrafish, AB and Tübingen (TU), we used an intestinal inflammation model induced by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and characterized the susceptibility and immune profile in these two strains. Our data demonstrates significant differences in survival between AB and TU strains when exposed to TNBS, suggesting important physiological differences in how these strains respond to inflammatory challenges. We observed that the AB strain presented increased mortality, higher neutrophilic intestinal infiltration, decreased goblet cell numbers and decreased IL-10 expression when exposed to TNBS, compared to the TU strain. In summary, our study demonstrates strain-specific immunological responses in AB and TU animals. Finally, the significant variations in strain-related susceptibility to inflammation and the differences in the immune profile shown here, highlight that the background of each strain need to be considered when utilizing zebrafish to model diseases and for drug screening purposes, thus better immune characterization of the diverse wild type strains of zebrafish is imperative. Strain-specific immunological profiles exist in wild-type zebrafish strains (AB and TU). AB and TU showed different responses to induced intestinal inflammation. AB strain had increased mortality and higher inflammatory profile. TU strain had better survival and higher IL-10 expression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma X, Xu T, Qian M, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Han X. Faecal microbiota transplantation alleviates early-life antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and mucosa injuries in a neonatal piglet model. Microbiol Res 2021; 255:126942. [PMID: 34915267 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising approach to modulate the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by antibiotic administration is a universal problem. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of FMT on the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolic profiles and injury of the intestinal barrier induced by antibiotics and used a neonatal piglet model. Neonatal piglets were administered ampicillin for 3 days, and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis was evaluated by the occurrence of diarrhoea and alteration of gut microbiota. Then, FMT was conducted for 3 days to rebuild the gut microbiota. High-throughput sequencing and a mass spectrometry platform were used for integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis. The results showed that antibiotics led to a decline in the diversity of gut microbiota. Furthermore, there was an increase in the relative abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria, such as Oscillibacter, Pseudomonas and Eubacterium, and an increase in the relative abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tet genes). FMT restored the diversity and promoted the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Parabacteroides, Dorea and Parasutterella, while decreasing the relative abundance of tet genes. Untargeted metabolomics analysis found that alpha linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism were the key metabolic pathways utilized in the FMT group, and targeted metabolomics analysis further verified the variation in the associated metabolites arachidonic acid and conjugated linoleic acid. FMT also significantly enhanced the relative expression of tight junction (ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin) and adherens junction (β-catenin, E-cadherin) proteins and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β1) and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in the colon. FMT not only modulated the gut microbiota composition and microbial metabolism but also reduced the relative abundance of tet genes, improving the intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses in antibiotic-treated piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengqi Qian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiren Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Xinyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fu Y, Ma G, Zhang Y, Wang W, Shi T, Zhu J, Zhang J, Huang Z, Chen J. HG-9-91-01 Attenuates Murine Experimental Colitis by Promoting Interleukin-10 Production in Colonic Macrophages Through the SIK/CRTC3 Pathway. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1821-1831. [PMID: 33988718 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potent immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in maintaining mucosal immune homeostasis. As a novel synthetic inhibitor of salt-inducible kinases (SIKs), HG-9-91-01 can effectively enhance IL-10 secretion at the cellular level, but its in vivo immunoregulatory effects remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of HG-9-91-01 in murine colitis models. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of HG-9-91-01 were evaluated on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-, dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice, and IL-10 knockout chronic colitis mice. The in vivo effector cell of HG-9-91-01 was identified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The underlying mechanism of HG-9-91-01 was investigated via overexpressing SIKs in ANA-1 macrophages and TNBS colitis mice. RESULTS Treatment with HG-9-91-01 showed favorable anticolitis effects in both TNBS- and DSS-treated mice through significantly promoting IL-10 expression in colonic macrophages but failed to protect against IL-10 KO murine colitis. Further study indicated that HG-9-91-01 markedly enhanced the nuclear level of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-regulated transcription coactivator 3 (CRTC3), whereas treatment with lentiviruses encoding SIK protein markedly decreased the nuclear CRTC3 level in HG-9-91-01-treated ANA-1 macrophages. In addition, intracolonic administration with lentiviruses encoding SIK protein significantly decreased the nuclear CRTC3 level in the lamina propria mononuclear cells and ended the anti-inflammatory activities of HG-9-91-01. CONCLUSIONS We found that HG-9-91-01 promoted the IL-10 expression of colonic macrophages and exhibited its anticolitis activity through the SIK/CRTC3 axis, and thus it may represent a promising strategy for inflammatory bowel disease therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gailing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Papoutsopoulou S, Pollock L, Walker C, Tench W, Samad SS, Bergey F, Lenzi L, Sheibani-Tezerji R, Rosenstiel P, Alam MT, Martins Dos Santos VAP, Müller W, Campbell BJ. Impact of Interleukin 10 Deficiency on Intestinal Epithelium Responses to Inflammatory Signals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690817. [PMID: 34220850 PMCID: PMC8244292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic, anti-inflammatory cytokine that has a major protective role in the intestine. Although its production by cells of the innate and adaptive immune system has been extensively studied, its intrinsic role in intestinal epithelial cells is poorly understood. In this study, we utilised both ATAC sequencing and RNA sequencing to define the transcriptional response of murine enteroids to tumour necrosis factor (TNF). We identified that the key early phase drivers of the transcriptional response to TNF within intestinal epithelium were NFκB transcription factor dependent. Using wild-type and Il10-/- enteroid cultures, we showed an intrinsic, intestinal epithelium specific effect of IL-10 deficiency on TNF-induced gene transcription, with significant downregulation of identified NFκB target genes Tnf, Ccl20, and Cxcl10, and delayed overexpression of NFκB inhibitor encoding genes, Nfkbia and Tnfaip3. IL-10 deficiency, or immunoblockade of IL-10 receptor, impacted on TNF-induced endogenous NFκB activity and downstream NFκB target gene transcription. Intestinal epithelium-derived IL-10 appears to play a crucial role as a positive regulator of the canonical NFκB pathway, contributing to maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. This is particularly important in the context of an inflammatory environment and highlights the potential for future tissue-targeted IL-10 therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatia Papoutsopoulou
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Liam Pollock
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Walker
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - William Tench
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sakim Shakh Samad
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luca Lenzi
- Centre for Genomic Research (CGR), Department of Evolution, Ecology & Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Phillip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mohammad Tauqeer Alam
- Warwick Medical School, Bioinformatics Research Technology Platform (RTP), University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vitor A. P. Martins Dos Santos
- LifeGlimmer GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Werner Müller
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Barry J. Campbell
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tang Z, Zhang P, Ji M, Yin C, Zhao R, Huang Z, Huang Y. Characterization of novel and large fragment deletions in exon 1 of the IL10RA gene in Chinese children with very early onset inflammatory bowel diseases. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:167. [PMID: 33849446 PMCID: PMC8045347 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in interleukin 10 (IL10) and its receptors are particularly involved in very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD). However, large fragment deletions of IL10 receptor A (IL10RA) are rare. METHODS VEOIBD patients with confirmed mutations in the IL10RA gene were enrolled from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. The clinical features and endoscopic-radiological findings of the patients with large fragment deletions of the IL10RA gene were determined and followed up. RESULTS Thirty-five patients with IL10RA gene mutations, namely, 28 compound heterozygous mutations and 7 homozygote mutations, were enrolled in this study. Six patients carried the reported point mutation c.301C > T (p. R101RW) or c.537 G > A (p. T179T) in one locus and a large fragment deletion in exon 1 in another locus, which were novel mutations in this gene. A 333-bp deletion of exon 1 (117857034-11857366 del) was the main mutation in this locus in 85.7% of the patients with large fragment deletions. The time of disease onset ranged from birth to 4 years, and diarrhea was the main initial symptom. In total, 6/7 patients had perianal complications, including perianal abscess, fistula and skin tags. Six patients accepted thalidomide treatment, 5/7 accepted mesalamine, 3/7 accepted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and 3/7 were waiting for HSCT. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel large deletion of exon 1 involving the IL10RA gene for the first time and showed the characteristics of VEOIBD patients. This study expands the spectrum of Chinese VEOIBD patients with IL0RA gene mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Min Ji
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Chunlan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050030, China
| | - Ruiqin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050030, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krawiec P, Pawłowska-Kamieniak A, Pac-Kożuchowska E. Interleukin 10 and interleukin 10 receptor in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: from bench to bedside lesson. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33691712 PMCID: PMC7948370 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background The differences between adults and children in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) phenotype, severity, complications, co-morbidities, and response to the therapy resulted in the extraction of paediatric IBD. It has been revealed that the substantial role in the development of IBD in children under 6 years of age plays a single genetic mutation (monogenic IBD). On the other hand, in older children and adolescents IBD is usually associated with number of interactions between susceptibility loci (polygenic IBD). Main body Until now there have been described about 60 monogenic defects which affect the variety of immune mechanisms in IBD pathogenesis including epithelial barrier, function of neutrophil granulocytes and phagocytes, T- and B-cell selection and activation, immune inhibitory mechanisms, or apoptosis. Il-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which modulates innate and adaptive immunity affecting expression of pro-inflammatory molecules and function of the variety of immune cells. Patients with identified defects in Il-10 pathway manifest with life-threating colitis with perianal lesions which occurs within first months of life. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is curative therapy in children with Il-10 signalling defects. Conclusion Clinical awareness of Il-10 signalling defects enables early recognition and prompt management of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Racławickie 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Racławickie 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ohya S, Matsui M, Kajikuri J, Endo K, Kito H. Increased Interleukin-10 Expression by the Inhibition of Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel K Ca3.1 in CD4 +CD25 + Regulatory T Cells in the Recovery Phase in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:75-85. [PMID: 33504590 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract arising from abnormal responses of the innate and adaptative immune systems. Interleukin (IL)-10-producing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play a protective role in the recovery phase of IBD. In the present study, the effects of the administration of the selective Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 inhibitor TRAM-34 on disease activities were examined in chemically induced IBD model mice. IBD disease severity, as assessed by diarrhea, visible fecal blood, inflammation, and crypt damage in the colon, was significantly lower in mice administered 1 mg/kg TRAM-34 than in vehicle-administered mice. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction examinations showed that IL-10 expression levels in the recovery phase were markedly increased by the inhibition of KCa3.1 in mesenteric lymph node (mLN) Treg cells of IBD model mice compared with vehicle-administered mice. Among several positive and negative transcriptional regulators (TRs) for IL-10, three positive TRs-E4BP4, KLF4, and Blimp1-were upregulated by the inhibition of KCa3.1 in the mLN Treg cells of IBD model mice. In mouse peripheral CD4+CD25+ Treg cells induced by lectin stimulation, IL-10 expression and secretion were enhanced by the treatment with TRAM-34, together with the upregulation of E4BP4, KLF4, and Blimp1. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that the pharmacological inhibition of KCa3.1 decreased IBD symptoms in the IBD model by increasing IL-10 production in peripheral Treg cells and that IL-10high Treg cells produced by the treatment with KCa3.1 inhibitor may contribute to efficient Treg therapy for chronic inflammatory disorders, including IBD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Pharmacological inhibition of Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 increased IL-10 expression in peripheral Treg cells, together with the upregulation of the transcriptional regulators of IL-10: Krüppel-like factor 4, E4 promoter-binding protein 4, and/or B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1. The manipulation of IL-10high-producing Treg cells by the pharmacological inhibition of KCa3.1 may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miki Matsui
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junko Kajikuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Endo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yanik BM, Dauch JR, Cheng HT. Interleukin-10 Reduces Neurogenic Inflammation and Pain Behavior in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes. J Pain Res 2020; 13:3499-3512. [PMID: 33402846 PMCID: PMC7778525 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s264136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neurogenic inflammation is a major component of chronic neuropathic pain. Previously, we established the db/db mouse as an animal model of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) of type 2 diabetes. In the current study, we investigate the roles of interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in the development of neurogenic inflammation and pain behavior in db/db mouse. Materials and Methods We first studied IL-10 expression in lumbar dorsal root ganglion (LDRG) neurons of db/db mice using immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction during the period of pain behavior (from 8 to 16 wk of age). To determine if the reduced IL-10 expression mediates the mechanical allodynia in db/db mice, we administered recombinant mouse IL-10 or saline (control) intraperitoneally to control db/+ and db/db mice starting at 8 wk of age. IL-10 treatment was repeated every other day for 2 wk until the mice reached 10 wk of age. Results During the period of pain behavior, reduction of IL-10 protein and gene expression was detected in LDRG of db/db mice. Treatment with recombinant IL-10, from 8 to 10 wk of age, alleviates pain behaviors in db/db mice without affecting other diabetic parameters. In parallel, IL-10 treatment reduced the upregulation of nerve growth factor (NGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and high-affinity NGF receptor (Trk A) in LDRG, as well as the numbers of iNOS-positive Langerhans cells and CD-68-positive dermal dendritic cells in the hind-foot-pad skin in db/db mice. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the reduction in neuronal IL-10 increases inflammatory phenomena, ultimately contributing to PDN. These results suggest that the dysregulation of cytokine-mediated inflammation contributes to the development of PDN in db/db mice. Targeting this pathophysiologic mechanism could be an effective approach for treating PDN in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Yanik
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacqueline R Dauch
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hsinlin T Cheng
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Demir SA, Timur ZK, Ateş N, Martínez LA, Seyrantepe V. GM2 ganglioside accumulation causes neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations in a mouse model of early onset Tay-Sachs disease. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:277. [PMID: 32951593 PMCID: PMC7504627 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a type of GM2-gangliosidosis, is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the α subunit of the lysosomal β-hexosaminidase enzyme. This disease is characterized by excessive accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, predominantly in the central nervous system. Although Tay-Sachs patients appear normal at birth, the progressive accumulation of undegraded GM2 gangliosides in neurons leads to death. Recently, an early onset Tay-Sachs disease mouse model, with genotype Hexa−/−Neu3−/−, was generated. Progressive accumulation of GM2 led to premature death of the double KO mice. Importantly, this double-deficient mouse model displays typical features of Tay-Sachs patients, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization of nerve cells, deterioration of Purkinje cells, neuronal death, deceleration in movement, ataxia, and tremors. GM2-gangliosidosis is characterized by acute neurodegeneration preceded by activated microglia expansion, macrophage, and astrocyte activation, along with the production of inflammatory mediators. However, the mechanism of disease progression in Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice, relevant to neuroinflammation is poorly understood. Method In this study, we investigated the onset and progression of neuroinflammatory changes in the cortex, cerebellum, and retina of Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice and control littermates by using a combination of molecular genetics and immunochemical procedures. Results We found elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine transcripts, such as Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4, and Cxcl10 and also extensive microglial and astrocyte activation and proliferation, accompanied by peripheral blood mononuclear cell infiltration in the vicinity of neurons and oligodendrocytes. Behavioral tests demonstrated a high level of anxiety, and age-dependent loss in both spatial learning and fear memory in Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice compared with that in the controls. Conclusion Altogether, our data suggest that Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice display a phenotype similar to Tay-Sachs patients suffering from chronic neuroinflammation triggered by GM2 accumulation. Furthermore, our work contributes to better understanding of the neuropathology in a mouse model of early onset Tay-Sachs disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Akyıldız Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Kevser Timur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nurselin Ateş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Luis Alarcón Martínez
- Institute of Neurological Science and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Volkan Seyrantepe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bottiglione F, Dee CT, Lea R, Zeef LAH, Badrock AP, Wane M, Bugeon L, Dallman MJ, Allen JE, Hurlstone AFL. Zebrafish IL-4-like Cytokines and IL-10 Suppress Inflammation but Only IL-10 Is Essential for Gill Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:994-1008. [PMID: 32641385 PMCID: PMC7416321 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces such as fish gills interface between the organism and the external environment and as such are major sites of foreign Ag encounter. In the gills, the balance between inflammatory responses to waterborne pathogens and regulatory responses toward commensal microbes is critical for effective barrier function and overall fish health. In mammals, IL-4 and IL-13 in concert with IL-10 are essential for balancing immune responses to pathogens and suppressing inflammation. Although considerable progress has been made in the field of fish immunology in recent years, whether the fish counterparts of these key mammalian cytokines perform similar roles is still an open question. In this study, we have generated IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B mutant zebrafish (Danio rerio) and, together with an existing IL-10 mutant line, characterized the consequences of loss of function of these cytokines. We demonstrate that IL-4/13A and IL-4/13B are required for the maintenance of a Th2-like phenotype in the gills and the suppression of type 1 immune responses. As in mammals, IL-10 appears to have a more striking anti-inflammatory function than IL-4-like cytokines and is essential for gill homeostasis. Thus, both IL-4/13 and IL-10 paralogs in zebrafish exhibit aspects of conserved function with their mammalian counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bottiglione
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher T Dee
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Robert Lea
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Leo A H Zeef
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew P Badrock
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Madina Wane
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Bugeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret J Dallman
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Judith E Allen
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Adam F L Hurlstone
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; and
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are genetic diseases that lead to increased susceptibility to infection. Hundreds of PIDs have now been described, but a select subset commonly presents in the neonatal period. Neonates, especially premature newborns, have relative immune immaturity that makes it challenging to differentiate PIDs from intrinsic immaturity. Nonetheless, early identification and appropriate management of PIDs are critical, and the neonatal clinician should be familiar with a range of PIDs and their presentations. The neonatal clinician should also be aware of the importance of consulting with an immunologist when a PID is suspected. The role of newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency, as well as the initial steps of laboratory evaluation for a PID should be familiar to those caring for neonates. Finally, it is important for providers to be familiar with the initial management steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of infection in affected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E O'Connell
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
El-Sayed ZA, Radwan N. Newborn Screening for Primary Immunodeficiencies: The Gaps, Challenges, and Outlook for Developing Countries. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2987. [PMID: 32082296 PMCID: PMC7002357 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are genetically inherited diseases characterized by an increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and malignancies. PIDs are under-diagnosed and the registered cases and reported prevalence are far below the estimated numbers especially in countries with large population and high consanguinity rates. Delays in diagnosis yield major morbidities and mortalities with resultant increased economic burden. Newborn screening using TRECs and KRECs, currently being implemented in some countries, is aimed through early diagnosis, to overcome the delays in the diagnosis and hence the poor outcome of some of the severe PIDs. However, the limited resources in developing countries challenges the implementation of newborn PID screening programs. There are considerable gaps in our knowledge that must be bridged. Setting the norms of TRECs and KRECs for each country is needed. Furthermore, some PIDs that might present in the neonatal period could not be detected by the current screening programs, and their diagnosis requires clinical expertise. Not to mention, local guidelines for the management of patients diagnosed by NBS should be set forth. Also, in the absence of NBS, clinicians should be aware of the early manifestations of PID. All these mandate conducting studies genuine to each country, developing programs for raising public awareness and clinical training of physicians to attain the required immunological skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab A El-Sayed
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrine Radwan
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Immunomodulatory effect of Syphacia obvelata in treatment of experimental DSS-induced colitis in mouse model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19127. [PMID: 31836772 PMCID: PMC6911064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of helminth parasite infections to manipulate the immune system of their host towards T regulatory responses has been proposed to suppress the inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effect of Syphacia obvelata in the treatment of experimental DSS -induced colitis. 50 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 5 groups: healthy uninfected controls, DSS colitis, receiving only S. obv, preventive (S. obv + DSS) and therapeutic group (DSS + S.obv). Colitis intensity was investigated by measuring body weight changes, stool consistency/bleeding and colon length. To evaluate the immune responses induced by this nematode, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ and expressing of FoxP3+ T cells were measured in mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches cells. Mice in preventive and therapeutic groups treated with S. obv egg significantly ameliorated the severity of the DSS colitis, indicated by the reduced disease manifestations, improved histopathological scores correlated with the up regulation of Treg responses and down regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. S. obv can prevention and reverse on-going murine DSS colitis. The data suggest that induction of Tregs and change in cytokine profiles during helminthic therapies were responsible for reversed inflammatory events in IBD.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bacher P, Scheffold A. The effect of regulatory T cells on tolerance to airborne allergens and allergen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 142:1697-1709. [PMID: 30527063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential mediators of tolerance against self-antigens and harmless exogenous antigens. Treg cell deficiencies result in multiple autoimmune and allergic syndromes in neonates. How Treg cells affect conventional allergies against aeroantigens, which are restricted to a few specific proteins released from inhaled particles, remains controversial. The hallmarks of antigen-specific loss of tolerance are allergen-specific TH2 cells and IgE. However, difficulties in identifying the rare allergen-specific Treg cells have obscured the cellular basis of tolerance to aeroallergens, which is also a major obstacle for the rational design of novel and more efficient allergen-specific immunotherapies. Recent technological progress allowing characterization of allergen-specific effectors and Treg cells with minimal in vitro manipulation revealed their detailed contribution to tolerance. The data identified inhaled particles as immunodominant Treg cell targets in healthy and allergic subjects. Conversely, the supposed immunodominant major allergens being rapidly released from inhaled particles apparently do not actively induce tolerance but are ignored by the immune system. Here, the partially contradictory data on various allergen-specific T-cell types in healthy subjects, allergic patients, and patients undergoing allergen-specific immunotherapy are discussed and integrated into one model, postulating Treg cell-dependent and Treg cell-independent checkpoints of tolerance and allergy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bacher
- Institute for Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute for Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barnig C, Bezema T, Calder PC, Charloux A, Frossard N, Garssen J, Haworth O, Dilevskaya K, Levi-Schaffer F, Lonsdorfer E, Wauben M, Kraneveld AD, Te Velde AA. Activation of Resolution Pathways to Prevent and Fight Chronic Inflammation: Lessons From Asthma and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1699. [PMID: 31396220 PMCID: PMC6664683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Formerly considered as a passive process, the resolution of acute inflammation is now recognized as an active host response, with a cascade of coordinated cellular and molecular events that promotes termination of the inflammatory response and initiates tissue repair and healing. In a state of immune fitness, the resolution of inflammation is contained in time and space enabling the restoration of tissue homeostasis. There is increasing evidence that poor and/or inappropriate resolution of inflammation participates in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, extending in time the actions of pro-inflammatory mechanisms, and responsible in the long run for excessive tissue damage and pathology. In this review, we will focus on how resolution can be the target for therapy in "Th1/Th17 cell-driven" immune diseases and "Th2 cell-driven" immune diseases, with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and asthma, as relevant examples. We describe the main cells and mediators stimulating the resolution of inflammation and discuss how pharmacological and dietary interventions but also life style factors, physical and psychological conditions, might influence the resolution phase. A better understanding of the impact of endogenous and exogenous factors on the resolution of inflammation might open a whole area in the development of personalized therapies in non-resolving chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Barnig
- Department of Chest Disease, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.,Equipe d'accueil 3072, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Charloux
- Department of Chest Disease, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.,Equipe d'accueil 3072, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nelly Frossard
- UMR 7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique and LabEx MEDALIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Oliver Haworth
- Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's School of Medicine and Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ksenia Dilevskaya
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Evelyne Lonsdorfer
- Department of Chest Disease, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.,Equipe d'accueil 3072, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marca Wauben
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anje A Te Velde
- Amsterdam UMC, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AGEM, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou L, Hong J, Wan Z, Lu X, Shao Y. Effects of electroacupuncture combined with interleukin‑10 on chronic sinusitis in mice. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1952-1958. [PMID: 31257460 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been documented as a form of therapy for chronic sinusitis (CRS). The present study aimed to assess the effects of EA combined with interleukin‑10 (IL‑10) overexpression on CRS in mice, and to investigate the associated mechanisms. A mouse model of CRS was established by the administration of ovalbumin (OVA), and overexpression of IL‑10 was induced using virus‑encoded IL‑10. The experimental groups were as follows: i) Control group; ii) OVA group; iii) OVA + EA group; iv) OVA + empty vector group; v) OVA + vector + EA group; vi) OVA + IL‑10 group; and vii) OVA + IL‑10 + EA group. Pathological changes and nasal mucus were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Interferon‑γ (IFN‑γ) and IL‑10 were detected via reverse‑transcription quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The pseudostratified epithelium of the mucosa of the nasal sinus was impaired following the induction of CRS. Treatment with EA and/or IL‑10 reversed the injury. Combination treatment with EA and IL‑10 induced synergistic effects. No infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in the submucosa following EA and IL‑10 treatment. Compared with the control group, the expression of IFN‑γ and IL‑10 in the OVA group was reduced. By contrast, EA or the overexpression of IL‑10 inhibited this reduction. Furthermore, the combined application of EA and IL‑10 had a significantly more potent inhibitory effect on the reduction of IFN‑γ expression, but not IL‑10. Collectively, EA combined with IL‑10 induced specific effects on CRS in mice, likely through the upregulation of IFN‑γ and IL‑10. The current study presented mechanistic implications for the application of EA as an alternative treatment for CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanfei Zhou
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Wan
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yisen Shao
- Department of Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
This article presents the most common gastrointestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic manifestations of the primary immunodeficiency diseases, including the appropriate laboratory testing, endoscopic evaluation, and recommendations for further management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Glover
- UF Health, PO Box 103643, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Antigen-specific regulatory T-cell responses against aeroantigens and their role in allergy. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1537-1550. [PMID: 29858582 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract is specialized to continuously monitor the external environment and to protect against invading pathogens, while maintaining tolerance to innocuous inhaled particles. Allergies result from a loss of tolerance against harmless antigens characterized by formation of allergen-specific Th2 cells and IgE. Tolerance is often described as a balance between harmful Th2 cells and various types of protective "regulatory" T cells. However, the identity of the protective T cells in healthy vs. allergic individuals or following successful allergen-specific therapy is controversially discussed. Recent technological progress enabling the identification of antigen-specific effector and regulatory T cells has significantly contributed to our understanding of tolerance. Here we discuss the experimental evidence for the various tolerance mechanisms described. We try to integrate the partially contradictory data into a new model proposing different mechanism of tolerance depending on the quality and quantity of the antigens as well as the way of antigen exposure. Understanding the basis of tolerance is essential for the rational design of novel and more efficient immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sebastián VP, Salazar GA, Coronado-Arrázola I, Schultz BM, Vallejos OP, Berkowitz L, Álvarez-Lobos MM, Riedel CA, Kalergis AM, Bueno SM. Heme Oxygenase-1 as a Modulator of Intestinal Inflammation Development and Progression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1956. [PMID: 30258436 PMCID: PMC6143658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that degrades the heme group contained in several important proteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochrome p450. The enzymatic reaction catalyzed by HMOX1 generates Fe2+, biliverdin and CO. It has been shown that HMOX1 activity and the by-product CO can downmodulate the damaging immune response in several models of intestinal inflammation as a result of pharmacological induction of HMOX1 expression and the administration of non-toxic amounts of CO. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, which includes Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are one of the most studied ailments associated to HMOX1 effects. However, microbiota imbalances and infections are also important factors influencing the occurrence of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation, where HMOX1 activity may play a major role. As part of this article we discuss the immune modulatory capacity of HMOX1 during IBD, as well during the infections and interactions with the microbiota that contribute to this inflammatory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina P. Sebastián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Geraldyne A. Salazar
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irenice Coronado-Arrázola
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara M. Schultz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar P. Vallejos
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loni Berkowitz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel M. Álvarez-Lobos
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Skowron KB, Shogan BD, Rubin DT, Hyman NH. The New Frontier: the Intestinal Microbiome and Surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 2018; 22:1277-1285. [PMID: 29633119 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-3744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome exerts a remarkable effect on human physiology. The study of the human-microbiome relationship is a burgeoning field with great potential to improve our understanding of health and disease. In this review, we address common surgical problems influenced by the human microbiome and explore what is thus far known about this relationship. These include inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal neoplasms, and diverticular disease. We will also discuss the effect of the microbiome on surgical complications, specifically anastomotic leak. We hope that further research in this field will enlighten our management of these and other surgical problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga B Skowron
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 5095, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Benjamin D Shogan
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 5095, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - David T Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neil H Hyman
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 5095, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Peng K, Qian X, Huang Z, Lu J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wang H, Wu B, Wang Y, Chen L, Zhai X, Huang Y. Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Corrects Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Chinese Patients With IL10RA-Associated Immune Deficiency. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1416-1427. [PMID: 29788474 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is considered the only curative therapy for very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease with specific immune defects, such as interleukin-10 receptor deficiency. We performed reduced-intensity conditioning before umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients with interleukin-10 receptor-A deficiency. METHODS We enrolled 9 very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease patients with typical manifestations. We diagnosed the patients with interleukin-10 receptor-A deficiency by whole-exome sequencing. Umbilical cord blood transplantation was performed in all 9 patients. Eight patients received the reduced-intensity conditioning regimen, and 1 patient received the myeloablative conditioning regimen. RESULTS All 9 patients received transplantation between the ages of 6 months to 43 months (average, 16.8 months) with body weights ranging from 3 to 10.4 kg (average, 6.6 kg). The patients displayed complete chimerism at 2-8 weeks after transplantation; 6 patients achieved complete remission without evidence of graft-vs-host disease or infections; 1 patient died of chronic lung graft-vs-host disease at 6 months post-transplantation; and the other 2 patients died of sepsis post-transplantation because of unsuccessful engraftments. Severe malnutrition and growth retardation associated with interleukin-10 receptor-A deficiency were significantly improved post-transplantation. CONCLUSIONS We recommend umbilical cord blood transplantation as a potential treatment for very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease with a defined monogenic immunodeficiency, and we suggest that reduced-intensity conditioning chemotherapy is more suitable than myeloablative conditioning for patients with severe malnutrition and bowel disease. We have demonstrated success with reduced-intensity conditioning for interleukin-10 receptor-A deficiency in pediatric patients with severe clinical conditions. 10.1093/ibd/izy028_video1izy028.video15786489183001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Qian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Molecular Genetic Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Lab Birth Defects, Pediatric Research Institute, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Molecular Genetic Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Lab Birth Defects, Pediatric Research Institute, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Molecular Genetic Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Lab Birth Defects, Pediatric Research Institute, Children' s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Swimming attenuates inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in a rat model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7391-7404. [PMID: 28030847 PMCID: PMC5352330 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that regular physical exercise suppresses chronic inflammation. However, the potential inhibitory effects of swimming on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis, and its underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. In this study, rats were orally administered DSS to induce chronic colitis, and subsequently treated with or without swimming exercise. A 7-week swimming program (1 or 1.5 hours per day, 5 days per week) ameliorated DSS-caused colon shortening, colon barrier disruption, spleen enlargement, serum LDH release, and reduction of body weight gain. Swimming for 1.5 hours per day afforded greater protection than 1 hour per day. Swimming ameliorated DSS-induced decrease in crypt depth, and increases in myeloperoxidase activity, infiltration of Ly6G+ neutrophils and TNF-a- and IFN-?-expressing CD3+ T cells, as well as fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin. Swimming inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production and decreased the protein expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-?B p65 and cyclooxygenase 2, whereas it elevated interleukin-10 levels. Swimming impeded the generation of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide; however, it boosted glutathione levels, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Additionally, swimming decreased caspase-3 activity and expression of apoptosis-inducing factor, cytochrome c, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3, but increased Bcl-2 levels. Overall, these results suggest that swimming exerts beneficial effects on DSS-induced chronic colitis by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
Collapse
|
29
|
Grigg JB, Sonnenberg GF. Host-Microbiota Interactions Shape Local and Systemic Inflammatory Diseases. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:564-571. [PMID: 28069751 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding how the mammalian immune system and intestinal microbiota functionally interact have yielded novel insights for human health and disease. Modern technologies to quantitatively measure specific members and functional characteristics of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract, along with fundamental and emerging concepts in the field of immunology, have revealed numerous ways in which host-microbiota interactions proceed beneficially, neutrally, or detrimentally for mammalian hosts. It is clear that the gut microbiota has a strong influence on the shape and quality of the immune system; correspondingly, the immune system guides the composition and localization of the microbiota. In the following review, we examine the evidence that these interactions encompass homeostasis and inflammation in the intestine and, in certain cases, extraintestinal tissues. Lastly, we discuss translational therapies stemming from research on host-microbiota interactions that could be used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John B Grigg
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065; and The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065; and The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lin Z, Wang Z, Hegarty JP, Lin TR, Wang Y, Deiling S, Wu R, Thomas NJ, Floros J. Genetic association and epistatic interaction of the interleukin-10 signaling pathway in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4897-4909. [PMID: 28785144 PMCID: PMC5526760 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i27.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the genetic association and epistatic interaction of the interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-10/STAT3 pathways in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
METHODS A total of 159 pediatric inflammatory IBD patients (Crohn’s disease, n = 136; ulcerative colitis, n = 23) and 129 matched controls were studied for genetic association of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-10 gene and the genes IL10RA, IL10RB, STAT3, and HO1, from the IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway. As interactions between SNPs from different loci may significantly affect the associated risk for disease, additive (a) and dominant (d) modeling of SNP interactions was also performed to examine high-order epistasis between combinations of the individual SNPs.
RESULTS The results showed that IL-10 rs304496 was associated with pediatric IBD (P = 0.022), but no association was found for two other IL-10 SNPs, rs1800872 and rs2034498, or for SNPs in genes IL10RA, IL10RB, STAT3, and HO1. However, analysis of epistatic interaction among these genes showed significant interactions: (1) between two IL-10 SNPs rs1800872 and rs3024496 (additive-additive P = 0.00015, Bonferroni P value (Bp) = 0.003); (2) between IL-10RB rs2834167 and HO1 rs2071746 (dominant-additive, P = 0.0018, Bp = 0.039); and (3) among IL-10 rs1800872, IL10RB rs2834167, and HO1 rs2071746 (additive-dominant-additive, P = 0.00015, Bp = 0.005), as well as weak interactions among IL-10 rs1800872, IL-10 rs3024496, and IL-10RA (additive-additive-additive, P = 0.003; Bp = 0.099), and among IL10RA, IL10RB, and HO1 genes (additive-dominant-additive, P = 0.008, Bp = 0.287).
CONCLUSION These results indicate that both the IL-10 gene itself, and through epistatic interaction with genes within the IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway, contribute to the risk of pediatric IBD.
Collapse
|
31
|
New Insights and Perspectives in Congenital Diarrheal Disorders. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40124-017-0136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
32
|
McDonald BS, Narayanan S, Elawad M, Kiparissi F, Cullup T, Batta K. Interleukin-10 receptor mutation presenting with severe nappy ulceration and infantile inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 42:771-773. [PMID: 28597964 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be divided into Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU). In most patients, these disorders present in adolescence or early adulthood. Patients with infantile IBD can have an associated underlying immunodeficiency disorder caused by a mutation in interleukin (IL)-10 or its receptor. We describe a child presenting with intractable bloody diarrhoea since 2 weeks of age and with severe nappy ulceration, who was ultimately diagnosed as having inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to an immunodeficiency in the IL-10 receptor. This report highlights the importance of considering this rare immunodeficiency in patients with infantile IBD presenting with severe perianal disease to a dermatologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B S McDonald
- Department of Dermatology, Watford General Hospital, Watford, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - S Narayanan
- Department of Paediatrics, Watford General Hospital, Watford, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - M Elawad
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - F Kiparissi
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T Cullup
- Regional Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Batta
- Department of Dermatology, Watford General Hospital, Watford, Hertfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mutations in Interleukin-10 Receptor and Clinical Phenotypes in Patients with Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Chinese VEO-IBD Collaboration Group Survey. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:578-590. [PMID: 28267044 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-10 (IL10) signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) in children. However, little is known about the role of the IL10 axis in children with VEO-IBD in China. METHODS The Chinese VEO-IBD Collaboration Group was created to collect clinical and genetic data from patients deficient in IL10 and the IL10 receptor. High-throughput sequencing was performed to identify mutations in these genes. RESULTS We identified 32 compound heterozygous mutations and 9 homozygous mutations in IL10 receptor subunit alpha and 1 homozygous mutation in IL10 receptor subunit beta. Among these mutations, 10 novel mutations were identified, and 6 pathogenic mutations had been previously described. In patients with IL10 receptor subunit alpha mutations, c.301C>T (p.R101RW) and c.537 G>A (p.T179T) were the most common mutations. For 88.1% of the patients, the initial symptom was diarrhea, with a time of onset of 10.4 ± 8.0 days. Oral ulcers were the first symptom in 23.8% of the patients, with a time of onset of 9.7 ± 2.8 days. Extraintestinal manifestations included perianal abscesses (22/42), perianal fistulas (23/42), oral ulcers (20/42), and recurrent eczema (15/42). Twelve patients underwent enterostomy. These patients also had lower average Z scores in height-for-age and weight-for-age. Various treatment strategies were used, including fecal microbiota transplantation; however, only hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was efficacious. CONCLUSIONS This study identified genotypes and phenotypes of Chinese VEO-IBD infants with IL10 receptor mutations. Our study expands the current knowledge on the involvement of the IL10 axis in patients with VEO-IBD.
Collapse
|
34
|
Kumar S, Shukla R, Ranjan P, Kumar A. Interleukin-10: A Compelling Therapeutic Target in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clin Ther 2017; 39:632-643. [PMID: 28237672 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines are important modulators of the immune response and play a major role in conditions of intestinal inflammation, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Cytokine production is regulated genetically, and imbalances in cytokine secretion may affect disease susceptibility and clinical outcomes of various conditions. There is a rapidly growing body of evidence to support an etiologic role for gastrointestinal infection and the associated immune activation in the development of postinfectious IBS. Other factors such as psychological stress, anxiety, and depression may likely be involved in the altered profiles of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines that lead to chronic IBS. METHODS We searched the literature using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar with related key terms and prepared this review article on that basis. FINDINGS Interleukin (IL)-10 is a regulatory cytokine that inhibits both antigen presentation and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, it is proposed as a potent antiinflammatory biological therapy for IBS. IMPLICATIONS Recently, a strong interest in the therapeutic potential of IL-10 for IBS has developed. The diverse roles of IL-10 in IBS are reviewed here. We conducted an in-depth review on IL-10 and IBS to address this question. Future studies of IL-10 may provide new insights into IBS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, India.
| | - Ratnakar Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Olson JM, Haas AW, Lor J, McKee HS, Cook ME. A Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cis-9, Trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid to Celecoxib in the Collagen-Induced Arthritis Model. Lipids 2017; 52:151-159. [PMID: 28078603 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib, for chronic inflammatory disease are associated with adverse health events, while cis-9, trans-11 (c9t11) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is anti-inflammatory without adverse events attributed to pure intake. Mechanistically, celecoxib and c9t11 disrupt the arachidonic acid cascade; however, the equivalency of anti-inflammatory effects between these compounds is unknown. Therefore, to test the hypothesis that 0.5% dietary c9t11 reduces inflammation equivalently to a celecoxib dose intended to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA; 5 mg/kg bw), arthritic mice received diets containing one of the following supplements: 1% corn oil (CO, w/w), 0.5% c9t11 (>91% purity) +0.5% CO, or 1% CO + 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg bw celecoxib, and were assessed for changes in arthritic severity over 6 weeks. Overall, arthritic severity in mice fed c9t11 was reduced (34%, P < 0.01) while celecoxib doses (0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg) reduced arthritic severity (16, 56, 48%, respectively) compared to CO-fed arthritic mice. Linear regression of the celecoxib dose-response showed 0.5% c9t11 (570 mg/kg bw) reduced arthritic severity equivalently to 1.5 mg/kg celecoxib. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was increased in paws of arthritic mice fed CO compared to shams, but was decreased in arthritic groups fed 0.5% c9t11 and 5 mg/kg celecoxib, compared to arthritic mice fed CO (Ps ≤ 0.05). Additionally, paw and plasma IL-10 levels in arthritic mice were decreased by 5 mg/kg celecoxib, but were unaffected by c9t11 compared to CO. Results suggest dietary c9t11 may be an effective adjunct to COX-2 inhibition for treating chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake M Olson
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Alexander W Haas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Lor
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Holly S McKee
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Mark E Cook
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Miyoshi J, Chang EB. The gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel diseases. Transl Res 2017; 179:38-48. [PMID: 27371886 PMCID: PMC5156589 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic diseases of unclear etiology that affect over 1 million individuals in the United States and over 2.5 million people in Europe. However, they are also expanding globally, affecting populations in Asia, South America, and the Middle East as they become more industrialized. These diseases are believed to arise from the convergence of genetic, environmental, and microbial factors that trigger aberrant immune and tissue responses, resulting in intestinal inflammation. Advances in cultivation-independent investigations, experimental models, and bioinformatics approaches have improved our understanding of the role of gut microbiota in IBD. However, determining and understanding the functional consequences of gut dysbiosis and altered host-microbiota interactions in IBD remain a challenge due to the limits of current experimental models and difficulty in establishing causal links in human-based investigations. Continued development of new methodologies and improvements in clinical study design are needed to better understand the interplay of genetic, microbial, and immunological factors in IBD. This knowledge can then be applied clinically to improve therapeutic strategies and outcomes for IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miyoshi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shi N, Li N, Duan X, Niu H. Interaction between the gut microbiome and mucosal immune system. Mil Med Res 2017; 4:14. [PMID: 28465831 PMCID: PMC5408367 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-017-0122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota, the largest symbiotic ecosystem with the host, has been shown to play important roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is caused by the imbalance between the commensal and pathogenic microbiomes. The commensal microbiome regulates the maturation of the mucosal immune system, while the pathogenic microbiome causes immunity dysfunction, resulting in disease development. The gut mucosal immune system, which consists of lymph nodes, lamina propria and epithelial cells, constitutes a protective barrier for the integrity of the intestinal tract. The composition of the gut microbiota is under the surveillance of the normal mucosal immune system. Inflammation, which is caused by abnormal immune responses, influences the balance of the gut microbiome, resulting in intestinal diseases. In this review, we briefly outlined the interaction between the gut microbiota and the immune system and provided a reference for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Shi
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 China
| | - Xinwang Duan
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100021 China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Endharti AT, Baskoro AD, Norahmawati E. Therapeutic effect of soluble worm protein acting as immune regulatory on colitis. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
|
39
|
ILs-3, 6 and 11 increase, but ILs-10 and 24 decrease stemness of human prostate cancer cells in vitro. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42687-703. [PMID: 26528857 PMCID: PMC4767463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with cancer recurrence and metastasis. Prostate cancer cells often metastasize to the bone with a complex microenvironment of cytokines favoring cell survival. In this study, the cell stemness influence of a group of interleukins including IL-3, 6, 10, 11 and 24 on human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 was explored in vitro. Sulforhodamine B(SRB) and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were applied to examine the effect on cell proliferation, and wound healing and transwell assays were used for migration and invasion studies, in addition to colony formation, Western blotting and flowcytometry for the expression of stemness factors and chemotherapy sensitivity. We observed that ILs-3, 6 and 11 stimulated while ILs-10 and 24 inhibited the growth, invasion and migration of both cell lines. Interestingly, ILs-3, 6 and 11 significantly promoted colony formation and increased the expression of SOX2, CD44 and ABCG2 in both prostate cancer cell lines. However, ILs-10 and 24 showed the opposite effect on the expression of these factors. In line with the above findings, treatment with either IL-3 or IL-6 or IL-11 decreased the chemosensitivity to docetaxel while treatment with either IL-10 or IL-24 increased the sensitivity of docetaxel chemotherapy. In conclusion, our results suggest that ILs-3, 6 and 11 function as tumor promoters while ILs-10 and 24 function as tumor suppressors in the prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and LNCaP in vitro, and such differences may attribute to their different effect on the stemness of PCa cells.
Collapse
|
40
|
Zbakh H, Talero E, Avila J, Alcaide A, de Los Reyes C, Zubía E, Motilva V. The Algal Meroterpene 11-Hydroxy-1'-O-Methylamentadione Ameloriates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E149. [PMID: 27527191 PMCID: PMC4999910 DOI: 10.3390/md14080149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex class of immune disorders. Unfortunately, a treatment for total remission has not yet been found, while the use of natural product-based therapies has emerged as a promising intervention. The present study was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the algal meroterpene 11-hydroxy-1'-O-methylamentadione (AMT-E) in a murine model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. AMT-E was orally administered daily (1, 10, and 20 mg/kg animal) to DSS treated mice (3% w/v) for 7 days. AMT-E prevented body weight loss and colon shortening and effectively attenuated the extent of the colonic damage. Similarly, AMT-E increased mucus production and reduced myeloperoxidase activity (marker for anti-inflammatory activity). Moreover, the algal meroterpene decreased the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 levels, and caused a significant reduction of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Our results demonstrate the protective effects of AMT-E on experimental colitis, provide an insight of the underlying mechanisms of this compound, and suggest that this class of marine natural products might be an interesting candidate for further studies on the prevention/treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zbakh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan 93030, Morocco.
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Javier Avila
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Antonio Alcaide
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Carolina de Los Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain.
| | - Eva Zubía
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain.
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Duran NE, Hommes DW. Stem cell-based therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: promises and pitfalls. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2016; 9:533-47. [PMID: 27366222 PMCID: PMC4913333 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x16642190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, often relapsing, condition that deeply impacts the quality of life for many patients. Although there have been significant advances in medical treatments, a large proportion of patients become refractory to available therapeutic options. Stem-cell therapy through hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) is a promising therapeutic option for severe refractory cases especially when surgery is not feasible. In HSC transplantation, the objective is to destroy the 'autoreactive' immune cells responsible for disease chronicity, and to re-establish gut tolerance to gut microbes. In perianal Crohn's disease (CD), the objective is to deposit MSCs locally in fistulizing tracts to down-regulate the local immune response and induce wound healing. Results from upcoming and ongoing clinical trials will set the path of these novel therapeutic options that have the capability to successfully treat severe refractory Crohn's patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel W. Hommes
- Department of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xiao Y, Wang XQ, Yu Y, Guo Y, Xu X, Gong L, Zhou T, Li XQ, Xu CD. Comprehensive mutation screening for 10 genes in Chinese patients suffering very early onset inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:5578-88. [PMID: 27350736 PMCID: PMC4917618 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i24.5578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To perform sequencing analysis in patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) to determine the genetic basis for VEO-IBD in Chinese pediatric patients. METHODS A total of 13 Chinese pediatric patients with VEO-IBD were diagnosed from May 2012 and August 2014. The relevant clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed. Then DNA in the peripheral blood from patients was extracted. Next generation sequencing (NGS) based on an Illumina-Miseq platform was used to analyze the exons in the coding regions of 10 candidate genes: IL-10, IL-10RA, IL-10RB, NOD2, FUT2, IL23R, GPR35, GPR65, TNFSF15, and ADAM30. The Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variations detected in NGS. RESULTS Out of the 13 pediatric patients, ten were diagnosed with Crohn's disease, and three diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Mutations in IL-10RA and IL-10RB were detected in five patients. There were four patients who had single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with IBD. Two patients had IL-10RA and FUT2 polymorphisms, and two patients had IL-10RB and FUT2 polymorphisms. Gene variations were not found in the rest four patients. Children with mutations had lower percentile body weight (1.0% vs 27.5%, P = 0.002) and hemoglobin (87.4 g/L vs 108.5 g/L, P = 0.040) when compared with children without mutations. Although the age of onset was earlier, height was shorter, and the response to treatment was poorer in the mutation group, there was no significant difference in these factors between groups. CONCLUSION IL-10RA and IL-10RB mutations are common in Chinese children with VEO-IBD. Patients with mutations have an earlier disease onset, lower body weight and hemoglobin, and poorer prognosis.
Collapse
|
43
|
Reyskens KMSE, Arthur JSC. Emerging Roles of the Mitogen and Stress Activated Kinases MSK1 and MSK2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:56. [PMID: 27376065 PMCID: PMC4901046 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen- and stress-activated kinases (MSK) 1 and 2 are nuclear proteins activated downstream of the ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK pathways. MSKs phosphorylate multiple substrates, including CREB and Histone H3, and their major role is the regulation of specific subsets of Immediate Early genes (IEG). While MSKs are expressed in multiple tissues, their levels are high in immune and neuronal cells and it is in these systems most is known about their function. In immunity, MSKs have predominantly anti-inflammatory roles and help regulate production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In the CNS they are implicated in neuronal proliferation and synaptic plasticity. In this review we will focus on recent advances in understanding the roles of MSKs in the innate immune system and neuronal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M S E Reyskens
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee Dundee, UK
| | - J Simon C Arthur
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Verma SK, Garikipati VNS, Krishnamurthy P, Khan M, Thorne T, Qin G, Losordo DW, Kishore R. IL-10 Accelerates Re-Endothelialization and Inhibits Post-Injury Intimal Hyperplasia following Carotid Artery Denudation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147615. [PMID: 26808574 PMCID: PMC4725953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammation on atherosclerosis and restenosis is well established. Restenosis is thought to be a complex response to injury, which includes early thrombus formation, acute inflammation and neo-intimal growth. Inflammatory cells are likely contributors in the host response to vascular injury, via cytokines and chemokines secretion, including TNF-alpha (TNF). We have previously shown that IL-10 inhibits TNF and other inflammatory mediators produced in response to cardiovascular injuries. The specific effect of IL-10 on endothelial cell (ECs) biology is not well elucidated. Here we report that in a mouse model of carotid denudation, IL-10 knock-out mice (IL-10KO) displayed significantly delayed Re-endothelialization and enhanced neo-intimal growth compared to their WT counterparts. Exogenous recombinant IL-10 treatment dramatically blunted the neo-intimal thickening while significantly accelerating the recovery of the injured endothelium in WT mice. In vitro, IL-10 inhibited negative effects of TNF on ECs proliferation, ECs cell cycle, ECs-monocyte adhesion and ECs apoptosis. Furthermore, IL-10 treatment attenuated TNF-induced smooth muscle cells proliferation. Our data suggest that IL-10 differentially regulate endothelial and vascular smooth cells proliferation and function and thus inhibits neo-intimal hyperplasia. Thus, these results may provide insights necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies to limit vascular restenosis during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K Verma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America
| | | | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America
| | - Tina Thorne
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Douglas W Losordo
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Raj Kishore
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America.,Department of Pharmacology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bamias G, Pizarro TT, Cominelli F. Pathway-based approaches to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Transl Res 2016; 167:104-15. [PMID: 26408803 PMCID: PMC4782917 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, collectively termed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are immunologic disorders that represent the prototypes of chronic intestinal inflammation. Their pathogenesis involves the dysregulated interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the gut-associated mucosal immune system that takes place when genetically predisposed individuals are exposed to detrimental environmental triggers. In recent years, the therapeutic dogma in IBD has shifted away from the administration of nonspecific immunosuppressives toward a pathway-based approach. In this review, we present an outlook of IBD treatment based on this new conceptual approach. Firstly, we will provide an overview of the major aspects of IBD pathogenesis with emphasis on specific pathway-based defects. Secondly, we will examine in detail the development of novel therapeutic approaches that can be used to target genetics, dysbiosis, the epithelial barrier, proinflammatory cytokines, and leukocyte trafficking. Most of these strategies are still in the developmental phase, but promising approaches include fecal microbiota transplantation as a means to correct IBD-related dysbiosis; administration of modified phosphatidylcholine to enhance the function of the intestinal mucous and tighten the defective epithelial barrier; the reduction of over-reactive proinflammatory pathways through the blockade of novel, nontumor necrosis factor inflammatory mediators via monoclonal antibodies against the common p40 chain of interleukin (IL-12) and IL-23, Janus kinase inhibitors, or antisense oligonucleotides against inhibitors of the immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor-β1; and finally, inhibition of leukocyte trafficking to the gut via neutralization of the gut-specific α4β7 integrin. Availability of such diverse treatment modalities with specific pathway-based targets will increase the therapeutic options for patients with IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgos Bamias
- First Department of Gastroenterology, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theresa T Pizarro
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Padua D, Vu JP, Germano PM, Pisegna JR. The Role of Neuropeptides in Mouse Models of Colitis. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 59:203-10. [PMID: 26646243 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) constitutes an important clinically significant condition that results in morbidity and mortality. IBD can be generally classified into either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) that differs in the clinical and histopathology. The role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of these conditions is becoming increasingly recognized for their importance in modulating the inflammatory state. Animal models provide the greatest insight to better understand the pathophysiology of both disorders which will hopefully allow for improved treatment strategies. This review will provide a better understanding of the role of murine models for studying colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Padua
- Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - John P Vu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
| | - Patrizia M Germano
- Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
| | - Joseph R Pisegna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bianco AM, Girardelli M, Tommasini A. Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease from multifactorial to monogenic forms. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:12296-12310. [PMID: 26604638 PMCID: PMC4649114 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i43.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic multifactorial disorders. According to a recent study, the number of IBD association loci is increased to 201, of which 37 and 27 loci contribute specifically to the development of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis respectively. Some IBD associated genes are involved in innate immunity, in the autophagy and in the inflammatory response such as NOD2, ATG16L1 and IL23R, while other are implicated in immune mediated disease (STAT3) and in susceptibility to mycobacterium infection (IL12B). In case of early onset of IBD (VEO-IBD) within the 6th year of age, the disease may be caused by mutations in genes responsible for severe monogenic disorders such as the primary immunodeficiency diseases. In this review we discuss how these monogenic disorders through different immune mechanisms can similarly be responsible of VEO-IBD phenotype. Moreover we would highlight how the identification of pathogenic genes by Next Generation Sequencing technologies can allow to obtain a rapid diagnosis and to apply specific therapies.
Collapse
|
48
|
The role of IL-10 in microbiome-associated immune modulation and disease tolerance. Cytokine 2015; 75:291-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
49
|
Abstract
Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular parasites which cause usually asymptomatic genital tract infections and also are associated with several complications. Previous studies demonstrated that immune responses to Chlamydia species are different and the diseases will be limited to some cases. Additionally, Chlamydia species are able to modulate immune responses via regulating expression of some immune system molecules including cytokines. IL-10, as the main anti-inflammatory cytokine, plays important roles in the induction of immune-tolerance against self-antigen and also immune-homeostasis after microbe elimination. Furthermore, it has been documented that ectopic expression of IL-10 is associated with several chronic infectious diseases. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that changes in the regulation of this cytokine can be associated with infection with several species of Chlamydia and their associated complications. This review collected the recent information regarding the association and relationship of IL-10 with Chlamydia infections. Another aim of this review article is to address recent data regarding the association of genetic variations (polymorphisms) of IL-10 and Chlamydia infections.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the most severe complication in inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the probiotic VSL#3 when administered as either preventive or concurrent treatment in the progression from chronic colitis to colon cancer. METHODS Mice were exposed to 5, 10, and 15 cycles of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS); each cycle consisted of 0.7% DSS for 1 week followed by distilled water for 10 days. VSL#3 was administered either from 2 weeks before the colitis induction or from the first day of the colitis until being killed. After each period, macroscopic and histological studies, as well as analysis of inflammatory and tumor biomarkers, were performed. RESULTS Prophylactic or concurrent VSL#3 administration attenuated the disease activity index score and colon inflammation after 5, 10, and 15 cycles of DSS, as well as reduced the histological alterations and the incidence of colonic dysplastic lesions at the 3 periods studied. None of the animals receiving VSL#3 as a concurrent treatment developed carcinoma, which is in contrast to 5% and 20% of the mice following preventive VSL#3 administration, developing carcinoma at the 10th and the 15th cycles of DSS, respectively. In addition, the probiotic reduced the proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 production, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and increased interleukin-10 levels in colon tissue at the 3 periods assayed. CONCLUSIONS VSL#3 administration reduced chronic inflammation and prevented or delayed the development of dysplasia and carcinoma in a mouse model of chronic colitis-associated cancer.
Collapse
|