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Wang H, Lin J, Fan S, Zhang X, Zhou T, Luo R, Zhang C, Zhang S, Yang Q, Hu R. Choline consumption reduces CVD risk via body composition modification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16152. [PMID: 38997295 PMCID: PMC11245612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research on the relationship between choline and cardiovascular disease (CVD), conflicting findings have been reported. We aim to investigate the relationship between choline and CVD. Our analysis screened a retrospective cohort study of 14,663 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2013 and 2018. Propensity score matching and restricted cubic splines was used to access the association between choline intake and the risk of CVD. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to examine the potential causality. Additionally, sets of single cell RNA-sequencing data were extracted and analyzed, in order to explore the role of choline metabolism pathway in the progression and severity of the CVD and the underlying potential mechanisms involved. The adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for stroke were 0.72 (0.53-0.98; p = 0.035) for quartile 3 and 0.54 (0.39-0.75; p < 0.001) for quartile 4. A stratified analysis revealed that the relationship between choline intake and stroke varied among different body mass index and waist circumference groups. The results of MR analysis showed that choline and phosphatidylcholine had a predominantly negative causal effect on fat percentage, fat mass, and fat-free mass, while glycine had opposite effects. Results from bioinformatics analysis revealed that alterations in the choline metabolism pathway following stroke may be associated with the prognosis. Our study indicated that the consumption of an appropriate quantity of choline in the diet may help to protect against CVD and the effect may be choline-mediated, resulting in a healthier body composition. Furthermore, the regulation of the choline metabolism pathway following stroke may be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomiao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shitao Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tengyuan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuixian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qingwu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Zhao Q, Lv X, Liu Q, Hu Z, Zhan Y. Association between serum folate concentrations and all-cause mortality in U.S. adults: a cohort study based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1408023. [PMID: 39055385 PMCID: PMC11270589 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1408023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between serum folate and all-cause mortality in general population remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between serum folate concentrations and all-cause mortality in a large, prospective, long-term U.S. cohort. Our study included adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III, and mortality data was obtained by linking with the National Death Index (NDI) until December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the association between serum folate concentrations and all-cause mortality. A total of 12,862 participants were included in this cohort study. After a median follow-up of 26.4 years [interquartile range (IQR), 15.4-28.7 years], a total of 5,299 deaths were recorded. The risk of death was lower by 12% per 1.0 g/L increase in log-transformed serum folate concentrations (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83-0.94). Compared with the lowest quartiles of serum folate level, the risk of death was lower in the second (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97), third (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91) and the highest quartiles (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69-0.88) in multivariable-adjusted model. In subgroup analyses, the inverse association between serum folate and all-cause mortality remained statistically significant for women, men and non-Hispanic White people. Higher serum folate levels were found to be significantly associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality. However, further studies are needed to verify these findings and explore the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingya Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaogang Lv
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Spahia N, Rroji M, Barbullushi M, Spasovski G. Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Kidney, and Heart from Normal to Uremic Milieu. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:415-425. [PMID: 37433213 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) imbalances, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism (SCHT), are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). SCHT is more prevalent in CKD and ESKD patients than in the general population, and this condition increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. The risk of CVD is higher in CKD and ESKD patients compared with the general population. Traditional and nontraditional risk factors, including TH abnormalities, contribute to the high CVD burden in CKD and ESKD patients. The review discusses the link between CKD and hypothyroidism, with a focus on SCHT, and the mechanisms that lead to CVD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nereida Spahia
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa," Tirana, Albania
| | - Merita Rroji
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa," Tirana, Albania
| | - Myftar Barbullushi
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa," Tirana, Albania
| | - Goce Spasovski
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, North Macedonia
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Wang H, Liu J, Feng Y, Ma A, Wang T. The burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to metabolic risk factors and its change from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis and prediction. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 3:1048515. [PMID: 38455920 PMCID: PMC10910969 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1048515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Metabolic disorders are the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze and summarize the most recent data by age, sex, region, and time, and to forecast the future burden of diseases. Methods Data on the burden of CVDs associated with metabolic risk factors were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019; and then the burden of disease was assessed using the numbers and age-standardized rates (ASR) of deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and analyzed for temporal changes, differences in age, region, sex, and socioeconomic aspects; finally, the burden of disease was predicted using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Results From 1990 to 2019, the numbers of deaths, DALYs, YLDs, and YLLs attributed to metabolic risk factors increased by 59.3%, 51.0%, 104.6%, and 47.8%, respectively. The ASR decreased significantly. The burden of metabolic risk factor-associated CVDs was closely related to socioeconomic position and there were major geographical variations; additionally, men had a significantly greater disease burden than women, and the peak shifted later based on the age group. We predicted that the numbers of deaths and DALYs would reach 16.5 million and 324.8 million, respectively, by 2029. Conclusions The global burden of CVDs associated with metabolic risk factors is considerable and still rising, and more effort is needed to intervene in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaigen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunfei Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aiqun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingzhong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
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A Sex-Specific Comparative Analysis of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Predicting the Risk of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030690. [PMID: 36978938 PMCID: PMC10044882 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular (CV) disease, but current biomarkers used to predict CV events are still insufficient. In this study, we comparatively assessed the utility of redox-related biomarkers in predicting the risk of CV events and all-cause mortality in male and female subjects from the general population. Subjects (n = 5955) of the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease (PREVEND) population-based cohort study were included. Blood homocysteine, gamma-GT, HDL cholesterol, bilirubin and protein-adjusted free thiol (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups) levels were quantified at baseline and were prospectively analyzed in association with the risk of CV events and all-cause mortality. After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, protein-adjusted R-SH and homocysteine levels were significantly associated with the risk of CV events in men (HR 0.63 [0.40–0.99], p = 0.045 and HR 1.58 [1.20–2.08], p = 0.001, respectively). Protein-adjusted R-SH and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in men (HR 0.52 [0.32–0.85], p = 0.009 and HR 0.90 [0.85–0.94], p < 0.001, respectively), while the same was observed for bilirubin and homocysteine levels in women (HR 0.68 [0.48–0.98], p = 0.040 and HR 2.30 [1.14–3.76], p < 0.001, respectively). Lower levels of protein-adjusted R-SH were robustly associated with an increased risk of CV events and all-cause mortality in men. Our results highlight the value of R-SH levels in cardiovascular risk assessment and their potential significance as being amenable to therapeutic intervention, while reaffirming the importance of other oxidative stress-related biomarkers, such as homocysteine, HDL cholesterol and bilirubin.
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Emodin protects against homocysteine-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress via MAPK and Akt/eNOS/NO signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 940:175452. [PMID: 36529277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) causes severe cardiac dysfunction, which is closely associated with oxidative stress. Emodin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative, has been shown to exert antioxidant and anti-apoptosis activities. However, whether emodin could protect against Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction remains unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of emodin on the Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction and its molecular mechanisms. Rats were fed a methionine diet to establish the animal model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). H9C2 cells were incubated with Hcy to induce a cell model of Hcy-injured cardiomyocytes. ELISA, HE staining, carotid artery and left ventricular cannulation, MTT, fluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blotting were used in this study. Emodin significantly alleviated the structural damage of the myocardium and cardiac dysfunction from HHcy rats. Emodin prevented apoptosis and the collapse of MMP in the Hcy-treated H9C2 cells in vitro. Further, emodin reversed the Hcy-induced apoptosis-related biochemical changes including decreased Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio, and increased protein expression of Caspase-9/3. Moreover, emodin suppressed oxidative stress in Hcy-treated H9C2 cells. Mechanistically, emodin significantly inhibited the Hcy-activated MAPK by reducing ROS generation in H9C2 cells. Furthermore, emodin upregulated NO production by promoting the protein phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in injured cells. The present study shows that emodin protects against Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress via MAPK and Akt/eNOS/NO signaling pathways.
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Futschek IE, Schernhammer E, Haslacher H, Stögmann E, Lehrner J. Homocysteine - A predictor for five year-mortality in patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112045. [PMID: 36509298 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are preclinical stages of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), which is the most common entity of dementia. Homocysteine is an amino acid in the methionine cycle, and many studies revealed a significant association between elevated homocysteine serum levels and the progression of dementia. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to investigate whether elevated homocysteine serum levels could be associated with mortality and neuropsychological test results in individuals suffering from SCD, MCI or AD. METHODS This study is a single-center explorative retrospective data analysis with 976 data protocols from the Memory Outpatient's Clinic of the Medical University of Vienna included. All patients underwent a neurological examination, a laboratory blood test, and neuropsychological testing to establish a diagnosis of either SCD, MCI, or AD. Data was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier functions, factor analysis, and binary logistic regression models. RESULTS Patients with AD showed significantly higher mean homocysteine levels (SCD 12.15 ± 4.71, MCI 12.80 ± 4.81, AD 15.0 ± 6.44 μmol/L) compared to those with SCD and MCI (p ≤ .001). The mean age of patients with AD (75.2 ± 7.8) was significantly older at the time of testing than of patients with MCI (69.1 ± 9.6) or SCD (66.8 ± 9.3). Since homocysteine levels increase with age, this could be a possible explanation for the higher levels of AD patients. The age at death did not differ significantly between all diagnostic subgroups, resulting in the shortest survival times for AD patients. Homocysteine levels were negatively associated with in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Neuropsyhcological Test Battery Vienna (NTBV) factors F1-F4 (F1 = attention, F2 = memory, F3 = executive functions, F4 = naming/verbal comprehension). Moreover, higher homocysteine levels significantly predicted shorter five-year survival in the logistic regression models, even after adjusting for age, diagnostic subgroups, sex, years of education and results of neuropsychological testing. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that homocysteine levels are independently associated with impaired cognitive function and increased five-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E Schernhammer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Haslacher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna
| | - E Stögmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Lehrner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Wu DF, Liao QC, Lu F, Wang Z, Yu K, Deng JL. Differential effects of hyperhomocysteinemia on the lipid profiles and lipid ratios between patients with and without coronary artery disease: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32464. [PMID: 36595992 PMCID: PMC9803476 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the differential effects of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on lipid profiles and lipid ratios between patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and without CAD. The data of 872 CAD patients and 774 non-CAD controls were extracted from the information system of hospitalized patients. Serum homocysteine (Hcy), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein (Apo) AI, and ApoB concentrations were detected. HHcy was defined as a serum level of Hcy ≥ 15 μmol/L. The CAD patients had lower levels of HDL-C and ApoAI and higher levels of Hcy than the controls (P < .05). Serum TGs and HDL-C were negatively correlated with Hcy in controls. Serum HDL-C and ApoAI were negatively correlated with Hcy, and the ratios of TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL/HDL-C, and ApoB/ApoAI were positively correlated with Hcy in the CAD patients (P < .05). Although the trends for HHcy to decrease the lipid profiles were not different between the CAD and controls (Pinteraction > 0.05), CAD with HHcy had lower HDL-C and ApoAI levels than those of subjects with normal Hcy; controls with HHcy had lower TC, LDL-C, and ApoB levels than those of subjects with normal Hcy (P < .05). There were different HHcy trends affecting the ratios of TC/HDL-C and LDL/HDL-C between the CAD patients and controls (Pinteraction for TC/HDL-C = 0.025; Pinteraction for LDL/HDL-C = 0.033). CAD patients with HHcy had a higher ratio of TC/HDL-C (P = .022) and LDL/HDL-C (P = .045) than those of patients with normal Hcy, but in the controls, the subjects with HHcy exhibited a trend toward a decreased ratio of TC/HDL-C (P = .481) and LDL/HDL-C (P = .303). There were differential effects of HHcy on the lipid ratios between CAD and non-CAD patients. HHcy was related to higher ratios of TC/HDL-C and LDL/HDL-C in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Feng Wu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Qin-Chen Liao
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Kun Yu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jin-Long Deng
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
- * Correspondence: Jin-Long Deng, Department of the Geriatric Cardiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of China (e-mail: )
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Li S, Wan Y, Li Y, Liu J, Pi F, Liu L. A Competitive "On-Off-Enhanced On" AIE Fluorescence Switch for Detecting Biothiols Based on Hg 2+ Ions and Gold Nanoclusters. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:35. [PMID: 36671870 PMCID: PMC9856123 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel "on-off-enhanced on" approach to highly sensitive rapid sensing of biothiols was developed, based on competitive modulation of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and Hg2+ ions. In our approach, the AuNCs were encapsulated into a zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF) for predesigned competitive aggregation-induced luminescence (AIE) emission. To readily operate this approach, the Hg2+ ions were selected as mediators to quench the fluorescence of AuNCs. Then, due to the stronger affinities between the interactions of Hg2+ ions with -SH groups in comparison to the AuNCs with -SH groups, the quenched probe of AuNCs@ZIF-8/Hg2+ displayed enhanced fluorescence after the Hg2+ ions were competitively interacted with -SH groups. Based on enhanced fluorescence, the probe for AuNCs@ZIF-8/Hg2+ had a sensitive and specific response to trace amounts of biothiols. The developed fluorescence strategy had limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 1.0 μM and 1.5 μM for Cys and GSH molecules in serum, respectively. This competitive AIE strategy provided a new direction for developing biological probes and a promising method for quantifying trace amounts of biothiols in serum. It could promote progress in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Wuxi Institute of Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
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Yoo TK, Rhim HC, Lee YT, Yoon KJ, Park CH. Relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and coexisting obesity with low skeletal muscle mass in asymptomatic adult population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12439. [PMID: 35858996 PMCID: PMC9300668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and obesity with low skeletal muscle mass (LMM) has not been established. We aim to assess the association between HHcy and the coexistence of obesity and LMM in asymptomatic adult population. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study among asymptomatic individuals who underwent measurements of plasma homocysteine and body composition analysis. HHcy was defined as > 15 umol/L, obesity as body mass index ≥ 25 (kg/m2), and LMM as skeletal muscle index less than 2 SD below the sex-specific mean of young adults. The participants were classified into ‘control’, ‘obesity alone’, ‘LMM alone’, and ‘obesity with LMM’. Among 113,805 participants, the prevalence of HHcy was 8.3% in control, 8.7% in obesity alone, 10.0% in LMM alone, and 13.0% in obesity with LMM (p for trend < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the associations showed a positive trend for HHcy along the groups from obesity alone, to LMM alone, and to obesity with LMM. HHcy was independently associated with the presence of LMM alone (adjusted odds ratio 1.186 [95% confidence interval 1.117–1.259]) and obesity with LMM (1.424 [1.134–1.788]), respectively. This study demonstrated that HHcys was more strongly associated with coexistence of obesity and LMM than either condition alone in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Yoo
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Hye Chang Rhim
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Yong-Taek Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jae Yoon
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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A Resourceful Race: Bacterial Scavenging of Host Sulfur Metabolism during Colonization. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0057921. [PMID: 35315692 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00579-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur is a requirement for life. Therefore, both the host and colonizing bacteria must regulate sulfur metabolism in a coordinated fashion to meet cellular demands. The host environment is a rich source of organic and inorganic sulfur metabolites that are utilized in critical physiological processes such as redox homeostasis and cellular signaling. As such, modulating enzymes dedicated to sulfur metabolite biosynthesis plays a vital role in host fitness. This is exemplified from a molecular standpoint through layered regulation of this machinery at the transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels. With such a diverse metabolite pool available, pathogens and symbionts have evolved multiple mechanisms to exploit sulfur reservoirs to ensure propagation within the host. Indeed, characterization of sulfur transporters has revealed that bacteria employ multiple tactics to acquire ideal sulfur sources, such as cysteine and its derivatives. However, bacteria that employ acquisition strategies targeting multiple sulfur sources complicate in vivo studies that investigate how specific sulfur metabolites support proliferation. Furthermore, regulatory systems controlling the bacterial sulfur regulon are also multifaceted. This too creates an interesting challenge for in vivo work focused on bacterial regulation of sulfur metabolism in response to the host. This review examines the importance of sulfur at the host-bacterium interface and the elegant studies conducted to define this interaction.
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Synthetic approaches for BF2-containing adducts of outstanding biological potential. A review. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Liang C, Wang QS, Yang X, Zhu D, Sun Y, Niu N, Yao J, Dong BH, Jiang S, Tang LL, Lou J, Yu CJ, Shao Q, Wu MM, Zhang ZR. Homocysteine Causes Endothelial Dysfunction via Inflammatory Factor-Mediated Activation of Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC). Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672335. [PMID: 34222246 PMCID: PMC8247579 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) causes cardiovascular diseases via regulating inflammatory responses. We investigated whether and how the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), a recently identified ion channel in endothelial cells, plays a role in HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. Methods Cell-attached patch-clamp recording in acute split-open aortic endothelial cells, western blot, confocal imaging, and wire myograph combined with pharmacological approaches were used to determine whether HHcy-mediated inflammatory signaling leads to endothelial dysfunction via stimulating ENaC. Results The data showed that 4 weeks after L-methionine diet the levels of plasma Hcy were significantly increased and the ENaC was dramatically activated in mouse aortic endothelial cells. Administration of benzamil, a specific ENaC blocker, ameliorated L-methionine diet-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and reversed Hcy-induced increase in ENaC activity. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/thromboxane B2 (TXB2), or serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) effectively attenuated both the Hcy-induced activation of endothelial ENaC and impairment of EDR. Our in vitro data showed that both NADPH oxidase inhibitor and an ROS scavenger reversed Hcy-induced increase in COX-2 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, Hcy-induced increase in expression levels of SGK-1, phosphorylated-SGK-1, and phosphorylated neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 4-2 (p-Nedd4-2) in HUVECs were significantly blunted by a COX-2 inhibitor. Conclusion We show that Hcy activates endothelial ENaC and subsequently impairs EDR of mouse aorta, via ROS/COX-2-dependent activation of SGK-1/Nedd4-2 signaling. Our study provides a rational that blockade of the endothelial ENaC could be potential method to prevent and/or to treat Hcy-induced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Na Niu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Bi-Han Dong
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Liang-Liang Tang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Lou
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Qun Shao
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Ren Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
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14
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Pan Q, Gao S, Gao X, Yang N, Yao Z, Hu Y, Miao L, Chen Z, Wang G. Relation of kidney function and homocysteine in patients with hypothyroidism. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:502-510. [PMID: 33878731 PMCID: PMC8183625 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been found that both serum homocysteine (Hcy) and serum creatinine levels were increased in hypothyroidism patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum Hcy and kidney function in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism. METHODS A total of 448 subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups: hypothyroidism (n = 129), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 141), and control group (n = 168). Anthropometric information, metabolic parameters, serum Hcy and creatinine levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with healthy subjects, patients with subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism had significantly higher serum Hcy and creatinine levels and lower eGFR level (all P < 0.001). Serum Hcy was negatively correlated with eGFR in subclinical hypothyroidism patients (r = -0.220, P = 0.009), and in hypothyroidism patients (r = -0.422, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex and BMI, eGFR was still significantly correlated with serum Hcy in subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism patients (both P < 0.05). Levothyroxine treatment resulted in significantly decreased Hcy and increased eGFR in hypothyroidism patients (both P < 0.001). The decrease in Hcy was correlated with the increased eGFR after treatment (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Serum Hcy was negatively correlated with eGFR in subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism patients. After levothyroxine treatment, a correlation was found between the decrease in serum Hcy and the increase in eGFR in hypothyroidism patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingrong Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxin Gao
- Department of General Practice, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Chen or G Wang: or
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Chen or G Wang: or
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15
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Wale Tesega W, Genet S, Natesan G, Tarekegn G, Girma F, Chalchisa D, Belay Y, Geto Z, Asmamaw Dejenie T. Assessment of Serum Vitamin B 12 and Folate Levels and Macrocytosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Metformin Attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2011-2018. [PMID: 33976561 PMCID: PMC8106448 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s306433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin is the first-line drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Monitoring vitamin B12 deficiency associated with long-term and high-dose therapy is not a common practice in many clinical settings in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to measure levels of serum vitamin B12 and folate and to assess the macrocytic status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on metformin. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who had been on metformin for 5 months or more at the diabetic clinic of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital. Serum vitamin B12 and folate levels were quantified by chemiluminescent immunoassays. Mean corpuscular volume was determined by complete blood count. Differences in vitamin B12 and folate levels and mean corpuscular volume between different groups were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency were documented in 5% and 23.8% of participants, respectively, and 6.2% of patients were macrocytic. Levels of vitamin B12 and folate in patients who had been on metformin >1,500 mg/day ≥4 years were significantly lower those who had been on metformin 1,000-1,500 mg/day and <1,000 mg/day <4 years, respectively. CONCLUSION Low serum vitamin B12 and folate levels and macrocytosis were found to be associated with prolonged metformin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondwossen Wale Tesega
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Arbaminch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Genet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gnanasekaran Natesan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getahun Tarekegn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Girma
- National Reference Laboratory for Immunohematology, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dinkinesh Chalchisa
- National Reference Laboratory for Immunohematology, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Belay
- National Reference Laboratory for Immunohematology, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Geto
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie Tel +251 90-904-5760 Email
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16
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Fan X, Zhang L, Li H, Chen G, Qi G, Ma X, Jin Y. Role of homocysteine in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:2332-2338. [PMID: 33085841 PMCID: PMC7664283 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is an essential intermediate product of biochemical reactions that is present in various tissues of the human body. Homocysteine may be associated with the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease are elevated compared to those of healthy individuals. High homocysteine drives PD development and progression while aggregating the clinical symptoms of PD patients. The relationship between PD and homocysteine involves multiple pathways, including nerve cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. This is crucial for explaining how high homocysteine drives the PD procession. Elevated homocysteine level during PD development and progression offers a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Fan
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
- Department of NeurologyTaizhou Second People’s HospitalTaizhouChina
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of NeurologyTaizhou Second People’s HospitalTaizhouChina
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of NeurologyTaizhou Second People’s HospitalTaizhouChina
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Gangqiao Qi
- Department of Sleep Medicine CenterTaizhou Second People’s HospitalTaizhouChina
| | - Xueqiang Ma
- Department of Respiratory MedicineMunicipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Yuelei Jin
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
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17
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Ishaka A, Imam MU, Ismail M. Nanoemulsification of Rice Bran Wax Policosanol Enhances Its Cardio-protective Effects via Modulation of Hepatic Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma in Hyperlipidemic Rats. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1287-1295. [PMID: 33028753 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Policosanol, a mixture of long-chain alcohols found in animal and plant waxes, has several biological effects including lipid-lowering that have been extensively studied. However, its bioavailability is low. To investigate the effect of nanoemulsified rice bran wax policosanol (NPOL) on plasma homocysteine, heart and liver histology in hyperlipidemic rats, high-fat diet containing 2.5% cholesterol was used to induce hyperlipidemia in Sprague Dawley rats. The hyperlipidemic rats were treated with NPOL and rice bran wax policosanol (POL) in comparison with normal diet (ND), high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and simvastatin-treated rats. Plasma homocysteine, heart and liver histology, and hepatic mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) were evaluated. The NPOL group, similar to the simvastatin group, showed reduced plasma homocysteine, preserved heart and liver histology, and down-regulated hepatic PPARG mRNA in comparison to the control group, and was better than the POL group. The results suggest that the modest effect of NPOL on homocysteine and preservation of heart and liver histology could be through the regulation of PPARG expression on a background of increased assimilation of rice bran wax policosanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminu Ishaka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University.,Director Centre for Advance Medical Research and Training (CAMRET)
| | - Maznah Ismail
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia
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18
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Yuan B, Sun X, Xu Z, Pu M, Yuan Y, Zhang Z. Influence of genetic polymorphisms in homocysteine and lipid metabolism systems on antidepressant drug response. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:408. [PMID: 32795354 PMCID: PMC7427977 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in genes implicated in homocysteine and lipid metabolism systems may influence antidepressant response for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to investigate whether association of polymorphisms on the MTHFR, ApoE and ApoA4 genes with the treatment response in MDD subjects. METHODS A total of 281 Han Chinese MDD patients received a single antidepressant drug (SSRI or SNRI) for at least 6 weeks, among whom 275 were followed up for 8 weeks. Their response to 6 weeks' treatment and remission to 8 weeks' treatment with antidepressant drugs was determined by changes in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HARS-17) score. Single SNP and haplotype associations with treatment response were analyzed by UNPHASED 3.0.13. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the interactions between genotypes and gender or drug type on treatment outcome, only those SNPs that had interactional association with gender or drug type were subjected to further stratified analysis. RESULTS In total group, the haplotype (C-A) in MTHFR (rsl801133 and rs1801131) and the ApoE rs405509 AA genotype were significantly associated with better efficacy of antidepressants; In gender subgroups, only haplotype (C-A) in MTHFR (rsl801133 and rs1801131) was significantly associated with better efficacy of antidepressants in male subgroup; In drug type subgroup, the haplotype (C-A) in MTHFR (rsl801133 and rs1801131) and haplotype (G-C) in ApoE (rs7412 and rs405509) were associated with better efficacy of antidepressants in SNRI treated subgroup; The ApoA4 rs5092 G allele and GG genotype were associated with worse efficacy of antidepressants in SNRI treated subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphisms in homocysteine and lipid metabolism systems are associated with antidepressant response, particularly for the interactions of the certain genetic with gender or drug type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Yuan
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medical, Southeast University, No.87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medical, Southeast University, No.87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhi Xu
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Mengjia Pu
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medical, Southeast University, No.87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medical, Southeast University, No.87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China. .,Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Wang L, Wu X, Peng Y, Yang Q, Chen X, Wu W, Zhu Y, Zhuang S. Quantitative analysis of homocysteine in liquid by terahertz spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:2570-2577. [PMID: 32499944 PMCID: PMC7249816 DOI: 10.1364/boe.391894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine (C4H9NO2S) is a variant of the amino acid cysteine, a harmful substance to the human body, which is closely related to cardiovascular disease, senile dementia, fractures, et al. At present, conventional methods for detecting homocysteine in biological samples include high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), and enzymatic cycling methods. These methods have the disadvantages of being time-consuming, sample-losing, chemical reagent-using and operation-cumbersome. Here, we present a method for the quantitative detection of homocysteine in liquid based on terahertz spectroscopy. Considering the strong absorption of water for terahertz beam, we also put forward a pretreatment method for drying samples at low temperature. These methods make the detection limit for homocysteine reach 10 µmol/L (human normal concentration). Based on the linear relationship between the homocysteine concentration and the THz spectral intensity, we can successfully achieve quantitative, accurate and real-time detection of homocysteine. As compared to Raman spectroscopy, the correlation coefficient of THz spectrum ( R 16.24 THz 2 = 0.99809) is much larger than that of the Raman spectrum ( R 2558.26 c m - 1 2 = 0.80022, R 2937.32 c m - 1 2 = 0.8028). These results are greatly useful for the accurate evaluation of pathological stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Qingrou Yang
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanwan Wu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China
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20
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Holst MM, Wirth MD, Mnatsakanova A, Burch JB, Charles LE, Tinney-Zara C, Fekedulegn D, Andrew ME, Hartley TA, Violanti JM. Shiftwork and Biomarkers of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease: The BCOPS Study. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:391-396. [PMID: 30649009 PMCID: PMC6610651 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association of shiftwork with biomarkers of subclinical cardiovascular disease and examine the moderating role of body mass index (BMI) in a police cohort. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among officers who were categorized as working the day, evening, or night shift. Comparisons with inflammatory biomarkers were performed among shifts using analysis of variance/covariance and further stratified by BMI to assess potential effect modification. RESULTS Associations were observed between day and night shiftworkers for leukocytes, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and homocysteine. After BMI stratification, higher c-reactive protein (CRP) levels were observed among evening shiftworkers with a BMI more than or equal to 30 kg/m versus the day shift. CONCLUSIONS Future studies examining prospective changes in these markers will allow for more comprehensive evaluation of their association with shiftwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Holst
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D. Wirth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Anna Mnatsakanova
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - James B. Burch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- WJB Dorn VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Luenda E. Charles
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Cathy Tinney-Zara
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Desta Fekedulegn
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael E. Andrew
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tara A. Hartley
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M. Violanti
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Zeng RF, Lan JS, Li XD, Liang HF, Liao Y, Lu YJ, Zhang T, Ding Y. A Fluorescent Coumarin-Based Probe for the Fast Detection of Cysteine with Live Cell Application. Molecules 2017; 22:E1618. [PMID: 28954423 PMCID: PMC6151380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A new coumarin-based fluorescent probe, containing an allylic esters group, has been designed and synthesized for sensing cysteine in physiological pH. In this fluorescent probe, the coumarin was applied as the fluorophore and an allylic esters group was combined as both a fluorescence quencher and a recognition unit. The probe can selectively and sensitively detect cysteine (Cys) over homocysteine, glutathione, and other amino acids, and has a rapid response time of 30 min and a low detection limit of 47.7 nM. In addition, the probe could be applied for cell imaging with low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Feng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jin-Shuai Lan
- Experiment Center of Teaching & Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiao-Die Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hui-Fen Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yan Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ying-Jie Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yue Ding
- Experiment Center of Teaching & Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Kilic N, Dagli N, Aydin S, Erman F, Bek Y, Akin O, Kilic SS, Erdemli HK, Alacam H. Saliva/serum ghrelin, obestatin and homocysteine levels in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 28:159-164. [PMID: 28759087 PMCID: PMC5558140 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2016-075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare ghrelin, obestatin, homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12 and folate levels in the serum and saliva of ischaemic heart disease patients. METHODS Serum and saliva were collected from 33 ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients and 28 age- and body mass index-matched healthy individuals. Levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin, obestatin and Hcy were determined using the ELISA method. RESULTS Acylated ghrelin, desacylated ghrelin and obestatin levels in the saliva were found to be higher than those in the serum of the control group, while acylated and desacylated ghrelin levels in the saliva were significantly lower than those in the serum. Obestatin levels were higher in IHD patients (p = 0.001). Saliva and serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in IHD patients were significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It was determined that serum ghrelin levels increased in ischaemic heart disease patients, while serum levels of obestatin decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Kilic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Necati Dagli
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fazilet Erman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Bek
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Okhan Akin
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Kecioren Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S S Kilic
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Haci Kemal Erdemli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Corum Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Alacam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Chen J, Li G, Xu Z, Zhang C, Wang Y, Xie H, Shao Y, Peng L, Lu J, Yuan D. Elevated Plasma Homocysteine Level Increased the Risk of Early Renal Impairment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:1399-1405. [PMID: 28275883 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Renal insufficiency is associated with the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. This study investigated the association between plasma Hcy levels and renal insufficiency in patients with AIS. A total of 987 patients with AIS who had been treated at the First People's Hospital of Foshan between 2011 and 2014 were retrospectively studied. Based on their cystatin C (Cys C) levels, the patients were divided into the normal renal function group (Cys C ≤ 1.25 mg/L) or the renal impairment group (Cys C > 1.25 mg/L). Multivariate regression analysis was applied to reveal the association between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and renal impairment. The renal impairment group showed more advanced age of onset, higher percentage of prior stroke and hypertension, higher baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score, lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and higher Hcy levels compared with the normal renal function group. A multivariate analysis revealed a relationship between early renal impairment and Hcy levels: an increase of Hcy by 1 μmol/L was associated with an increase of 12-18% of the risk of renal impairment among patients with AIS and HHcy. Patients with AIS and HHcy had a 2.42-3.51 fold increase of the risk of renal impairment compared with patients with normal Hcy level (P < 0.001). In conclusion, patients with stroke and HHcy could be more prone to renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjuan Chen
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Guode Li
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zuohang Xu
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Chengguo Zhang
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Yukai Wang
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Haiqun Xie
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yan Shao
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Lingmei Peng
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jiancong Lu
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Dahua Yuan
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
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Effect of in ovo feeding of folic acid on the folate metabolism, immune function and epigenetic modification of immune effector molecules of broiler. Br J Nutr 2015; 115:411-21. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515004511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of in ovo feeding (IOF) of folic acid on the folate metabolism, immune function and the involved epigenetic modification of broilers. A total of 400 (Cobb) hatching eggs were randomly divided into four groups (0, 50, 100 and 150 µg injection of folic acid at embryonic age 11 d), and chicks hatched from each treatment were randomly divided into six replicates with 12 broilers/replicate after incubation. The results indicated that, in ovo, 100- and 150-µg folic acid injections improved the hatchability. The average daily gain and feed conversion ratio increased in the 150-µg group during the late growth stage. Simultaneously, in the 100- and 150-µg groups, an increase was observed in hepatic folate content and the expression of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (d1 and 42) and methionine synthase reductase (d21). IgG and IgM concentrations, as well as plasma lysozyme activity of broilers, showed a marked increase along with increasing folic acid levels. The splenic expression levels of IL-2 and IL-4 were up-regulated, whereas that of IL-6 was down-regulated, in the 100- and 150-µg folic acid treatment groups. In addition, histone methylation in IL-2 and IL-4 promoters exhibited an enrichment of H3K4m2 but a loss of H3K9me2 with the increased amount of folic acid additive. In contrast, a decrease in H3K4m2 and an increase in H3K9me2 were observed in the IL-6 promoter in folic acid treatments. Furthermore, in ovo, the 150-µg folic acid injection improved the chromatin tightness of the IL-2 and IL-4 promoter regions. Our findings suggest that IOF of 150 µg of folic acid can improve the growth performance and folate metabolism of broilers, and enhance the relationship between immune function and epigenetic regulation of immune genes, which are involved with the alterations in chromatin conformation and histone methylation in their promoters.
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Barsalou J, Bradley TJ, Silverman ED. Cardiovascular risk in pediatric-onset rheumatological diseases. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 15:212. [PMID: 23731870 PMCID: PMC3672705 DOI: 10.1186/ar4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are becoming major health concerns for adults with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The enhanced atherogenesis in this patient population is promoted by the exposure to traditional risk factors as well as nontraditional cardiovascular insults, such as corticosteroid therapy, chronic inflammation and autoantibodies. Despite definite differences between many adult-onset and pediatric-onset rheumatologic diseases, it is extremely likely that atherosclerosis will become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this pediatric patient population. Because cardiovascular events are rare at this young age, surrogate measures of atherosclerosis must be used. The three major noninvasive vascular measures of early atherosclerosis--namely, flow-mediated dilatation, carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity--can be performed easily on children. Few studies have explored the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and even fewer have used the surrogate vascular measures to document signs of early atherosclerosis in children with pediatric-onset rheumatic diseases. The objective of this review is to provide an overview on cardiovascular risk and early atherosclerosis in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and juvenile dermatomyositis patients, and to review cardiovascular preventive strategies that should be considered in this population.
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Biswas OS, Gonzalez VR, Schwarz ER. Effects of an Oral Nitric Oxide Supplement on Functional Capacity and Blood Pressure in Adults With Prehypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 20:52-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248414539563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an integral molecule especially important in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. Literature indicates that the number of studies continues to grow with regard to the effects of NO on cardiovascular disease and hypertension. “Prehypertension” is the clinical stage leading to hypertension. Diet and lifestyle modifications are the only treatment options for prehypertension. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of oral NO supplementation on blood pressure in patients with clinical prehypertension. This pilot phase study evaluated the effect of an orally disintegrating lozenge that generates NO in the oral cavity on blood pressure, functional capacity, and quality of life. Thirty patients with clinical prehypertension were recruited and enrolled in either the NO treatment or the placebo group over a 30-day period in an outpatient setting. Nitric oxide supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in resting blood pressure (138 ± 12 mm Hg in systole and 84 ± 5 mm Hg in diastole at baseline vs 126 ± 12 mm Hg in systole and 78 ± 4 mm Hg in diastole at follow-up, P < .001, vs baseline) and a significant increase in the achieved walking distance in the standard 6-minute walk test (596 ± 214 meters at baseline vs 650 ± 197 meters at follow-up, P < .005 vs baseline). Using a standardized questionnaire to assess quality of life, patients receiving NO supplementation showed improvement in the Physical Component Summary Score (PCS) and Mental Component Summary Score (MCS). Nitric oxide supplementation appears to lower blood pressure in patients with prehypertension and might be beneficial as a routine supplementation for cardiovascular protection.
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Brezovska-Kavrakova J, Krstevska M, Bosilkova G, Alabakovska S, Panov S, Orovchanec N. Hyperhomocysteinemia and of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (C677T) Genetic Polymorphism in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis. Mater Sociomed 2013; 25:170-4. [PMID: 24167429 PMCID: PMC3804432 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2013.25.170-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the concentration of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) as well as different genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR (C677T) in healthy subjects and patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigation comprised a total of 160 subjects divided in two main groups: 80 healthy subjects (control group) and 80 patients with deep vein thrombosis. Concentration of tHcy was determined by spectrophotometric cyclic enzymatic method and mutation of MTHFR (C677T) gene was examined by polymerase chain reaction according to Schneider. RESULTS The results obtained for plasma tHcy in the control group were 11.62±3.43 μmol/L, while tHcy level was significantly higher in patients with deep vein thrombosis as compared to the control group, 15.19±3.63 μmol/L (р<0.001). The analysis of the results has shown that MTHFR (C677T) genetic polymorphism was responsible for mild to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia in the majority of subjects. CONCLUSION The level of tHcy in the examined patients was significantly higher in comparison with the control group. Multiple regression analysis has shown that tHcy level in CT and TT genotypes of MTHFR (C677T) was statistically higher in comparison with CC genotype of MTHFR (C677T) in both, the control group and the DVT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marija Krstevska
- Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Gordana Bosilkova
- Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Sonja Alabakovska
- Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Saso Panov
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Nikola Orovchanec
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics with Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Association between Low Red Blood Cell 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate and Hyperhomocysteinaemia with Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2012; 19:229-35. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03297635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Pozdeev VK, Pozdeev NV. [Determination of total aminothiols and neuroactive amino acids in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2011; 56:726-38. [PMID: 21395075 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20105606726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of total homocysteine, total cysteine, total glutathione (GSH+GSSG), and neuroactive amino acids (Asp, Glu, Tau, GABA) using precolumn derivatization with ortho-phtaldialdehyde and fluorimetric detection at 360 and 470 nm for emission and excitation, respectively. Derivatization was performed with ortho-phthaldialdehyde in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol after alkylation of the free sulfhydryl groups with iodoacetic acid. For determination of total aminothiols, the disulfide bonds were reduced and protein-bound thiols were released by addition of dithiothreitol to the plasma sample. The advantage of this method is the simultaneous determination of both homocysteine/cysteine/glutathione and neuroactive amino acids in the sample. The plasma levels of studied compounds were determined in 14 healthy volunteers (20-45 years old) and 55 patients with chronic hepatitis C (20-49 years old) and the resulting numbers were in a good agreement the studies published earlier. The calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 5-100 microM in plasma (r2 = 0.985-0.996). The intraday and interday coefficients of variation were 3-6% and 4-7%, respectively. The recovery of the standards added to the plasma samples ranged from 94 to 102%. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.2-0.5 ng per 10 microl injection volume (signal-to-noise ratio of 3).
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Kurt R, Yilmaz Y, Ermis F, Kalayoglu Besisik S, Polat N, Elitok A, Oflaz H, Karan MA. Folic Acid and vitamin B12 supplementation improves coronary flow reserve in elderly subjects with vitamin B12 deficiency. Arch Med Res 2011; 41:369-72. [PMID: 20851295 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Major cardiovascular risk factors including hyperhomocysteinemia are frequently associated with decreased coronary flow reserve (CFR), an important physiological parameter of the coronary circulation. This study was designed to determine whether folate (5 mg) and vitamin B12 (500 μg) supplementation in elderly patients with vitamin B12 deficiency improved CFR, while reducing homocysteine levels. METHODS Forty-four patients aged >65 years showing serum vitamin B12 concentrations <180 mg/dL were randomized to take either oral folate (5 mg) plus vitamin B12 (500 μg) supplementation (n = 24) or placebo (n = 20) for 8 weeks. The study course consisted of two visits: visit 1 (pretreatment) included the baseline assessment of laboratory profile and CFR values with trans-thoracic Doppler echocardiography. Visit 2 was scheduled 8 weeks later to repeat CFR and laboratory tests after therapy. RESULTS In the treatment arm, oral supplementation with folate and vitamin B12 significantly improved total cholesterol, serum folate, serum vitamin B12, homocysteine, and insulin resistance. At 8 weeks, the treatment group had a significant increase from baseline in CFR values (baseline: 1.7 ± 0.2; postttreatment: 2.1 ± 0.2, p <0.001) that was not seen in the placebo group (baseline: 1.6 ± 0.2; posttreatment: 1.6 ± 0.2; P = ns). CONCLUSIONS In this study of elderly subjects with vitamin B12 deficiency, supplementation with folate and vitamin B12 was associated with a significant improvement in CFR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Kurt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Pozdeev VK, Pozdeyev NV. Determination of total aminothiols and neuroactive amino acids in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s199075081003011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rossi GP, Seccia TM, Pessina AC. Homocysteine, left ventricular dysfunction and coronary artery disease: is there a link? Clin Chem Lab Med 2008; 45:1645-51. [PMID: 17990950 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and observational studies support a role of plasma homocysteine levels (tHcy) in coronary artery disease (CAD). In the GENICA (Genetic and Environmental factors In Coronary Atherosclerosis) study, we found that high tHcy predicted cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive, but not in normotensive, patients independently of CAD and history of myocardial infarction. Moreover, despite not being associated with the coronary atherosclerotic burden, tHcy was inversely associated with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction. This inverse relationship between LV systolic function and tHcy, which has been independently confirmed, might explain the association of tHcy with the risk of incident heart failure documented in the Framingham Heart Study. Thus, additional mechanistic investigation taking into consideration the effects of tHcy on LV function is necessary to further explore the potential therapeutic usefulness of tHcy lowering treatment in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Rossi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (DMCS-Internal Medicine 4), School of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Zinellu A, Pinna A, Zinellu E, Sotgia S, Deiana L, Carru C. High-throughput capillary electrophoresis method for plasma cysteinylglycine measurement: evidences for a clinical application. Amino Acids 2007; 34:69-74. [PMID: 17704893 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels in plasma homocysteine and cysteine, and more recently, decreased levels in cysteinylglycine have been indicated as a risk factor for vascular diseases. Most assays focused their attention only on homocysteine determination and when also other thiols were measured, analytical times drastically increased. By modifying our previous method for thiols detection, we set up a rapid capillary electrophoresis method for the selective quantification of plasma cysteinylglycine, cutting the analysis time of about 50%. Samples were treated with tri-n-butylphosphine as reducing agent, proteins were precipitated with trichloroacetic acid and released thiols were successively derivatized by the selective thiol laser-induced fluorescence-labeling agent 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein and separated by capillary electrophoresis. A baseline separation between peaks was obtained in about 2 min using 3 mmol/L sodium phosphate/2.5 mmol/L boric acid as electrolyte solution with 75 mmol/L N-methyl-D-glucamine at pH 11.25 in a 47 cm long capillary with a cartridge temperature of 45 degrees C. The method application was checked by measuring plasma Cys-Gly levels in a group of patients affected by retinal vein occlusion (RVO), an important cause of visual loss in the elderly. The low levels of Cys-Gly found in the RVO patients suggest that these small thiols may have importance in the disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari (SS), Italy. ,
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Okwuosa T, Williams KA. Coronary artery disease and nuclear imaging in renal failure. J Nucl Cardiol 2006; 13:150-5. [PMID: 16580948 DOI: 10.1007/bf02971236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tochi Okwuosa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill, USA
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Golbahar J, Rezaian G, Fathi Z, Aminzadeh MA. Association of Low Red Blood Cell Folate Concentrations with Coronary Artery Disease in Iranians: A Matched Case-Control Study. J Vasc Res 2005; 42:325-30. [PMID: 15970643 DOI: 10.1159/000086460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Accepted: 04/23/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not fully established whether the increasing risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with high plasma homocysteine levels or components of the homocysteine remethylation pathway, e.g. vitamin B(12) or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that 5-MTHF in RBC, which represents the long-term folate status of individuals, may be a more reliable marker of homocysteine remethylation pathway disturbances, and its deficiency may be associated with CAD in Iranians. METHODS Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), vitamin B(12), and plasma and RBC 5-MTHF were measured in 200 angiographically documented patients and 200 controls matched for sex and age. RESULTS In the plasma, tHcy levels were significantly higher in cases compared to controls (geometric mean 12.9 +/- 6.5 vs. 10.6 +/- 5.6 micromol/l, p = 0.04). However, RBC 5-MTHF (527.2 +/- 185.9 vs. 461.3 +/- 117.9 nmol/l, p = 0.007) and vitamin B(12) (254.2 +/- 132.8 vs. 182.2 +/- 110.4 pmol/l, p = 0.04) were significantly higher in controls than patients. RBC 5-MTHF was a strong and independent predictor of plasma tHcy (beta = -0.01, p = 0.003, r(2) = 0.19). Subjects in the lowest quartile of red-cell 5-MTHF had a 2.5-fold increased prevalence of CAD compared to subjects in the highest quartile. The association of CAD in the first quartile with red-cell 5-MTHF remained significant when adjusted for plasma tHcy, vitamin B(12), hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio, OR 2.3, confidence interval: 1.1-3.9, p = 0.01). However, the association between CAD in the highest quartile and plasma tHcy decreased and became insignificant when adjusted for red-cell 5-MTHF, vitamin B(12), hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.27, confidence interval: 0.96-1.69, p = 0.11). CONCLUSION In this study, the association between CAD and low RBC 5-MTHF was stronger than with plasma 5-MTHF and plasma tHcy levels, indicating that RBC 5-MTHF may be a more stable parameter to study disturbances in the homocysteine remethylation pathway in Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Golbahar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Carru C, Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Chessa R, Piredda F, Antonietta Casu M, Deiana L, Porcu P. Carotid narrowing degree and plasma thiol levels in carotid endarterectomy patients. Clin Chem Lab Med 2005; 43:1015-9. [PMID: 16197291 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2005.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this work was to study the association between plasma thiol levels and percentage carotid narrowing in a group of 68 patients who underwent a carotid endarterectomy, pertained as a risk factor for vascular and cardiovascular disease. Total plasma thiols were measured by capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence. The mean values of the hematological parameters studied were within normal limits and 25% of the patients were hyperhomocysteinemic (homocysteine >15μmol/L). Pearson's correlation between carotid narrowing degree and the most common risk factors for atherosclerosis showed a positive relationship only between carotid narrowing degree and cysteine levels (r=0.252; p<0.05). Stepwise multiple linear regression with carotid narrowing degree as the dependent variable, and cysteine, homocysteine, age, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol as independent variables confirmed that cysteine was significantly associated with these variables. By regrouping the population according to cysteine and homocysteine concentration percentiles, we found positive correlation between these parameters and median values of carotid narrowing degree. Our study provides experimental evidence to confirm that plasma homocysteine and cysteine are involved in carotid narrowing after carotid endarterectomy intervention, suggesting that cysteine may be involved in the deleterious molecular mechanisms active in carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Ji C, Kaplowitz N. Hyperhomocysteinemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and alcoholic liver injury. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:1699-708. [PMID: 15188490 PMCID: PMC4572253 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i12.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Revised: 04/29/2004] [Accepted: 05/06/2004] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiencies in vitamins or other factors (B6, B12, folic acid, betaine) and genetic disorders for the metabolism of the non-protein amino acid-homocysteine (Hcy) lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). HHcy is an integral component of several disorders including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, diabetes and alcoholic liver disease. HHcy unleashes mediators of inflammation such as NFkappaB, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8, increases production of intracellular superoxide anion causing oxidative stress and reducing intracellular level of nitric oxide (NO), and induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which can explain many processes of Hcy-promoted cell injury such as apoptosis, fat accumulation, and inflammation. Animal models have played an important role in determining the biological effects of HHcy. ER stress may also be involved in other liver diseases such as alpha (1)-antitrypsin (alpha(1)-AT) deficiency and hepatitis C and/or B virus infection. Future research should evaluate the possible potentiative effects of alcohol and hepatic virus infection on ER stress-induced liver injury, study potentially beneficial effects of lowering Hcy and preventing ER stress in alcoholic humans, and examine polymorphism of Hcy metabolizing enzymes as potential risk-factors for the development of HHcy and liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- Faculty of Medicine, Gastroenterology/Liver Division, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, HMR-101, 2011 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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