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Lalchandani DS, Chenkual L, Sonpasare K, Rajdev B, Naidu VGM, Chella N, Porwal PK. Optimization of atorvastatin and quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Box-Behnken design. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:1541-1555. [PMID: 39012199 PMCID: PMC11321401 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2364585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study explores the synergistic potential of atorvastatin (ATR) and quercetin (QUER)- loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in combating breast cancer. Materials & methods: SLNs were synthesized using a high-shear homogenization method and optimized using Box-Behnken design. The SLNs were characterized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity. Results: The optimized SLN exhibited narrow size distribution (PDI = 0.338 ± 0.034), a particle size of 72.5 ± 6.5 nm, higher entrapment efficiency (<90%), sustained release and spherical surface particles. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies showed a significant reduction in IC50 values on MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Conclusion: We report a novel strategy of repurposing well-known drugs and encapsulating them into SLNs as a promising drug-delivery system against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple S. Lalchandani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - Laltanpuii Chenkual
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - Kailas Sonpasare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - Bishal Rajdev
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - VGM Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - Naveen Chella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Porwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Guwahati (NIPER-G), Changsari, Guwahati, Assam781101, India
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2
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Huang S, Liu J, Deng L, Liang C, Guo Y, Yao B, Wang X. Construction and characterization of a humanized SLCO1B1 rat model with its application in evaluating the uptake of different statins. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1592-1604. [PMID: 38572097 PMCID: PMC10985027 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1 (OATP1B1) plays a crucial role in the transport of statins. However, there are too few animal models related to OATP1B1, especially humanized animal models. In this study, the human SLCO1B1 cDNA was inserted into the second exon of the rat Slco1b2 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of statins were conducted in wild-type (WT), humanized OATP1B1 (hOATP1B1), and OATP1B2 knockout (OATP1B2 KO) rats, respectively. The results showed that human OATP1B1 was successfully expressed in rat liver and exhibited transport function. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic results revealed that OATP1B1 exhibited varying uptake levels of pivastatin, rosuvastatin, and fluvastatin, leading to different levels of exposure within the body. These results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro experiments using overexpressed cell lines. In conclusion, we established a novel humanized SLCO1B1 transgenic rat model to assess the role of human OATP1B1 in the uptake of different statins. The different uptake mediated by OATP1B1 may be an important reason for the different efficacy of statins. The hOATP1B1 rat is a promising model for improving the prediction of human drug transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junze Huang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengbo Huang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Luyao Deng
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenmeizi Liang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanqing Guo
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bingyi Yao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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3
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Gagliardi A, Bajraktari-Sylejmani G, Barocelli E, Weiss J, Rigalli JP. Extracellular Vesicles as Surrogates for Drug Metabolism and Clearance: Promise vs. Reality. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1745. [PMID: 37629602 PMCID: PMC10455864 DOI: 10.3390/life13081745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters play a major role in drug efficacy and safety. They are regulated at multiple levels and by multiple factors. Estimating their expression and activity could contribute to predicting drug pharmacokinetics and their regulation by drugs or pathophysiological situations. Determining the expression of these proteins in the liver, intestine, and kidney requires the collection of biopsy specimens. Instead, the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are nanovesicles released by most cells and present in biological fluids, could deliver this information in a less invasive way. In this article, we review the use of EVs as surrogates for the expression and activity of DMEs, uptake, and efflux transporters. Preliminary evidence has been provided for a correlation between the expression of some enzymes and transporters in EVs and the tissue of origin. In some cases, data obtained in EVs reflect the induction of phase I-DMEs in the tissues. Further studies are required to elucidate to what extent the regulation of other DMEs and transporters in the tissues reflects in the EV cargo. If an association between tissues and their EVs is firmly established, EVs may represent a significant advancement toward precision therapy based on the biotransformation and excretion capacity of each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gagliardi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gzona Bajraktari-Sylejmani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Barocelli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Dicken W, Mehta A, Karagiannis A, Jain V, Vavuranakis M, Sperling L, Cassimatis D. Statin associated muscle symptoms: An update and review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 75:40-48. [PMID: 36400232 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Statin therapy has been shown to have a significant effect on lowering of low-density lipoprotien cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. This subsequently results in cardiovascular (CV) benefit through reduction in major adverse CV disease (CVD) events and overall mortality. Although there is well proven clinical benefit, statin therapy may be discontinued in some patients, and the most common cause for discontinuation is concern for statin-associated muscle symptoms. However, the data on the true prevalence of these symptoms is mixed and continued studies are showing that the symptoms may be less prevalent than previously believed. With statin-associated muscle symptoms being the most common reason for a patient to not be on statin therapy, it is important for physicians to understand how to evaluate for and manage these symptoms. This manuscript provides an overview of statin associated muscle symptoms so that physicians may be able to better manage patients on statin therapy and continue to use these medications when indicated to best reduce future risk of CVD for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weston Dicken
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
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5
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Qiang T, Li Y, Wang K, Lin W, Niu Z, Wang D, Wang X. Evaluation of potential herb-drug interactions based on the effect of Suxiao Jiuxin Pill on CYP450 enzymes and transporters. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114408. [PMID: 34252529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Suxiao jiuxin pill (SJP) is a Chinese medical drug with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and vasodilatory function. It is widely used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) and angina. Nevertheless, the effect of SJP on Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes and transporters' activity related to drug metabolism is rarely studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SJP on the activity of drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP450 and transporters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human primary hepatocytes were used in present study. Probe substrates of CYP450 enzymes were incubated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) with and without SJP while IC50 values were calculated. The inhibitory effect of SJP on the activity of CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 was evaluated. The inducing effect of SJP on the activity of CYP1A2, 2B6 and 3A4 was accessed. The inhibition of SJP on human OATP1B1 was investigated through cell-based assay. The inhibition of SJP on human MDR1 and BCRP was also estimated by means of the vesicles assay. RESULTS The results showed that the SJP under the concentration of 1000 μg/mL could inhibit the activity of CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C19, and 3A4, with IC50 values of 189.7, 308.2, 331.2 and 805.7 μg/mL, respectively. There was no inhibitory effect found in the other 3 liver drug enzyme subtypes. In addition, SJP showed no induction effect on CYP1A2, 2B6 and 3A4, however it had a significant inhibitory effect on human-derived OATP1B1 at the concentration of 100 and 1000 μg/mL, with the IC50 value of 21.9 μg/mL. Simultaneously, the SJP inhibited BCRP at high concentration of 1000 μg/mL but did not affect human MDR1. CONCLUSIONS Based on these research results above, it is suggested that the SJP can affect some of the CYP450 enzymes and transporters' activity. When used in combination with related conventional drugs, potential herb-drug interactions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qiang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yiping Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Keyan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wenyong Lin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhenchao Niu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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6
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Rattanacheeworn P, Kerr SJ, Kittanamongkolchai W, Townamchai N, Udomkarnjananun S, Praditpornsilpa K, Thanusuwannasak T, Udomnilobol U, Jianmongkol S, Ongpipattanakul B, Prueksaritanont T, Avihingsanon Y, Chariyavilaskul P. Quantification of CYP3A and Drug Transporters Activity in Healthy Young, Healthy Elderly and Chronic Kidney Disease Elderly Patients by a Microdose Cocktail Approach. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:726669. [PMID: 34603040 PMCID: PMC8486002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.726669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ageing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) affect pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Since mechanisms are related and remain unclear, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and drug transporter activities were investigated in the elderly with or without CKD and compared to healthy adults using a microdose cocktail. Methods: Healthy young participants (n = 20), healthy elderly participants (n = 16) and elderly patients with CKD (n = 17) received, in study period 1, a single dose of microdose cocktail probe containing 30 µg midazolam, 750 µg dabigatran etexilate, 100 µg atorvastatin, 10 µg pitavastatin, and 50 µg rosuvastatin. After a 14-day wash-out period, healthy young participants continued to study period 2 with the microdose cocktail plus rifampicin. PK parameters including area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), and half-life were estimated before making pairwise comparisons of geometric mean ratios (GMR) between groups. Results: AUC and Cmax GMR (95% confidence interval; CI) of midazolam, a CYP3A probe substrate, were increased 2.30 (1.70-3.09) and 2.90 (2.16-3.88) fold in healthy elderly and elderly patients with CKD, respectively, together with a prolonged half-life. AUC and Cmax GMR (95%CI) of atorvastatin, another CYP3A substrate, was increased 2.14 (1.52-3.02) fold in healthy elderly and 4.15 (2.98-5.79) fold in elderly patients with CKD, indicating decreased CYP3A activity related to ageing. Associated AUC changes in the probe drug whose activity could be modified by intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity, dabigatran etexilate, were observed in patients with CKD. However, whether the activity of pitavastatin and rosuvastatin is modified by organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B (OATP1B) and of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), respectively, in elderly participants with or without CKD was inconclusive. Conclusions: CYP3A activity is reduced in ageing. Intestinal P-gp function might be affected by CKD, but further confirmation appears warranted. Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/ (TCTR 20180312002 registered on March 07, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Punyabhorn Rattanacheeworn
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen J Kerr
- Biostatistics Excellence Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wonngarm Kittanamongkolchai
- Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Clinical Research Center Under the Royal Patronage, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natavudh Townamchai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwasin Udomkarnjananun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellent Center of Geriatrics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanundorn Thanusuwannasak
- Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Udomsak Udomnilobol
- Chulalongkorn University Drug Discovery and Drug Development Research Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suree Jianmongkol
- Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonsri Ongpipattanakul
- Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thomayant Prueksaritanont
- Chulalongkorn University Drug Discovery and Drug Development Research Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yingyos Avihingsanon
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pajaree Chariyavilaskul
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Garrison DA, Talebi Z, Eisenmann ED, Sparreboom A, Baker SD. Role of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 in Drug-Drug Interactions Mediated by Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E856. [PMID: 32916864 PMCID: PMC7559291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure to recognize important features of a drug's pharmacokinetic characteristics is a key cause of inappropriate dose and schedule selection, and can lead to reduced efficacy and increased rate of adverse drug reactions requiring medical intervention. As oral chemotherapeutic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are particularly prone to cause drug-drug interactions as many drugs in this class are known or suspected to potently inhibit the hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the published literature and publicly-available regulatory documents in this rapidly emerging field. Our findings indicate that, while many TKIs can potentially inhibit the function of OATP1B1 and/or OATP1B3 and cause clinically-relevant drug-drug interactions, there are many inconsistencies between regulatory documents and the published literature. Potential explanations for these discrepant observations are provided in order to assist prescribing clinicians in designing safe and effective polypharmacy regimens, and to provide researchers with insights into refining experimental strategies to further predict and define the translational significance of TKI-mediated drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alex Sparreboom
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.A.G.); (Z.T.); (E.D.E.)
| | - Sharyn D. Baker
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.A.G.); (Z.T.); (E.D.E.)
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8
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Wang Z, Yang H, Xu J, Zhao K, Chen Y, Liang L, Li P, Chen N, Geng D, Zhang X, Liu X, Liu L. Prediction of Atorvastatin Pharmacokinetics in High-Fat Diet and Low-Dose Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Using a Semiphysiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model Involving Both Enzymes and Transporters. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:1066-1079. [PMID: 31399507 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.085902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3a (CYP3a), organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs), breast cancer-resistance protein (BCRP), and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). We aimed to develop a semiphysiologically based pharmacokinetic (semi-PBPK) model involving both enzyme and transporters for predicting the contributions of altered function and expression of CYP3a and transporters to atorvastatin transport in diabetic rats by combining high-fat diet feeding and low-dose streptozotocin injection. Atorvastatin metabolism and transport parameters comes from in situ intestinal perfusion, primary hepatocytes, and intestinal or hepatic microsomes. We estimated the expressions and functions of these proteins and their contributions. Diabetes increased the expression of hepatic CYP3a, OATP1b2, and P-gp but decreased the expression of intestinal CYP3a, OATP1a5, and P-gp. The expression and function of intestinal BCRP were significantly decreased in 10-day diabetic rats but increased in 22-day diabetic rats. Based on alterations in CYP3a and transporters by diabetes, the developed semi-PBPK model was successfully used to predict atorvastatin pharmacokinetics after oral and intravenous doses to rats. Contributions to oral atorvastatin PK were intestinal OATP1a5 < intestinal P-gp < intestinal CYP3a < hepatic CYP3a < hepatic OATP1b2 < intestinal BRCP. Contributions of decreased expression and function of intestinal CYP3a and P-gp by diabetes to oral atorvastatin plasma exposure were almost attenuated by increased expression and function of hepatic CYP3a and OATP1b2. Opposite alterations in oral plasma atorvastatin exposure in 10- and 22-day diabetic rats may be explained by altered intestinal BCRP. In conclusion, the altered atorvastatin pharmacokinetics by diabetes was the synergistic effects of altered intestinal or hepatic CYP3a and transporters and could be predicted using the developed semi-PBPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiong Xu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaijing Zhao
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Limin Liang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Donghao Geng
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Cacabelos R, Cacabelos N, Carril JC. The role of pharmacogenomics in adverse drug reactions. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2019; 12:407-442. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2019.1597706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
| | - Juan C. Carril
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
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10
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Danielak D, Karaźniewicz-Łada M, Główka F. Assessment of the Risk of Rhabdomyolysis and Myopathy During Concomitant Treatment with Ticagrelor and Statins. Drugs 2019; 78:1105-1112. [PMID: 30003466 PMCID: PMC6061431 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-0947-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of ticagrelor, one of the first directly-acting oral antiplatelet drugs, provided new possibilities in the prevention of thrombotic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Current guidelines recommend ticagrelor in dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin over clopidogrel for prevention of stent thrombosis in patients with ACS. Moreover, in the management of ACS, lipid-lowering treatment with high-intensity statin therapy is advised for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events over the long term. Despite the apparent advantages of combined antiplatelet and lipid-lowering treatments, a possible interaction between statins and ticagrelor may lead to myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. In this review, relevant information was gathered on the ticagrelor-statin interaction that might lead to this life-threatening condition. This review focuses on the most widely used statins—simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin. Possible mechanisms of this interaction are discussed, including CYP3A4 isoenzymes, organic anion transporter polypeptide (OATPs), P-glycoprotein and glucuronidation. PubMed database was searched for relevant case reports and all data gathered from the introduction of ticagrelor to March 2018 are presented and discussed. In summary, co-administration of statins and ticagrelor was found to be relatively safe in routinely prescribed doses. However, caution should be exercised, especially in elder populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Danielak
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St, 60-781, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marta Karaźniewicz-Łada
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Franciszek Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
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Alam K, Crowe A, Wang X, Zhang P, Ding K, Li L, Yue W. Regulation of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP) 1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Transport: An Updated Review in the Context of OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29538325 PMCID: PMC5877716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 are important hepatic transporters that mediate the uptake of many clinically important drugs, including statins from the blood into the liver. Reduced transport function of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 can lead to clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Considering the importance of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 in hepatic drug disposition, substantial efforts have been given on evaluating OATP1B1/1B3-mediated DDIs in order to avoid unwanted adverse effects of drugs that are OATP substrates due to their altered pharmacokinetics. Growing evidences suggest that the transport function of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 can be regulated at various levels such as genetic variation, transcriptional and post-translational regulation. The present review summarizes the up to date information on the regulation of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 transport function at different levels with a focus on potential impact on OATP-mediated DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khondoker Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
| | - Alexandra Crowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
| | - Xueying Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, USA.
| | - Lang Li
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
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