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Bettini A, Camelliti P, Stuckey DJ, Day RM. Injectable biodegradable microcarriers for iPSC expansion and cardiomyocyte differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404355. [PMID: 38900068 PMCID: PMC11348074 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy is a potential novel treatment for cardiac regeneration and numerous studies have attempted to transplant cells to regenerate the myocardium lost during myocardial infarction. To date, only minimal improvements to cardiac function have been reported. This is likely to be the result of low cell retention and survival following transplantation. This study aimed to improve the delivery and engraftment of viable cells by using an injectable microcarrier that provides an implantable, biodegradable substrate for attachment and growth of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We describe the fabrication and characterisation of Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) microcarriers and their surface modification to enable iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte attachment in xeno-free conditions is described. The selected formulation resulted in iPSC attachment, expansion, and retention of pluripotent phenotype. Differentiation of iPSC into cardiomyocytes on the microcarriers is investigated in comparison with culture on 2D tissue culture plastic surfaces. Microcarrier culture is shown to support culture of a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype, be compatible with injectable delivery, and reduce anoikis. The findings from this study demonstrate that TIPS microcarriers provide a supporting matrix for culturing iPSC and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro and are suitable as an injectable cell-substrate for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bettini
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
| | - Patrizia Camelliti
- School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUK
| | - Daniel J. Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Richard M. Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
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2
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Bettini A, Patrick PS, Day RM, Stuckey DJ. CT-Visible Microspheres Enable Whole-Body In Vivo Tracking of Injectable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303588. [PMID: 38678393 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Targeted delivery and retention are essential requirements for implantable tissue-engineered products. Non-invasive imaging methods that can confirm location, retention, and biodistribution of transplanted cells attached to implanted tissue engineering scaffolds will be invaluable for the optimization and enhancement of regenerative therapies. To address this need, an injectable tissue engineering scaffold consisting of highly porous microspheres compatible with transplantation of cells is modified to contain the computed tomography (CT) contrast agent barium sulphate (BaSO4). The trackable microspheres show high x-ray absorption, with contrast permitting whole-body tracking. The microspheres are cellularized with GFP+ Luciferase+ mesenchymal stem cells and show in vitro biocompatibility. In vivo, cellularized BaSO4-loaded microspheres are delivered into the hindlimb of mice where they remain viable for 14 days. Co-registration of 3D-bioluminescent imaging and µCT reconstructions enable the assessment of scaffold material and cell co-localization. The trackable microspheres are also compatible with minimally-invasive delivery by ultrasound-guided transthoracic intramyocardial injections in rats. These findings suggest that BaSO4-loaded microspheres can be used as a novel tool for optimizing delivery techniques and tracking persistence and distribution of implanted scaffold materials. Additionally, the microspheres can be cellularized and have the potential to be developed into an injectable tissue-engineered combination product for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bettini
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Peter Stephen Patrick
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Richard M Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
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3
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von Bibra C, Hinkel R. Non-human primate studies for cardiomyocyte transplantation-ready for translation? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1408679. [PMID: 38962314 PMCID: PMC11221829 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1408679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHP) are valuable models for late translational pre-clinical studies, often seen as a last step before clinical application. The unique similarity between NHPs and humans is often the subject of ethical concerns. However, it is precisely this analogy in anatomy, physiology, and the immune system that narrows the translational gap to other animal models in the cardiovascular field. Cell and gene therapy approaches are two dominant strategies investigated in the research field of cardiac regeneration. Focusing on the cell therapy approach, several xeno- and allogeneic cell transplantation studies with a translational motivation have been realized in macaque species. This is based on the pressing need for novel therapeutic options for heart failure patients. Stem cell-based remuscularization of the injured heart can be achieved via direct injection of cardiomyocytes (CMs) or patch application. Both CM delivery approaches are in the late preclinical stage, and the first clinical trials have started. However, are we already ready for the clinical area? The present review concentrates on CM transplantation studies conducted in NHPs, discusses the main sources and discoveries, and provides a perspective about human translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin von Bibra
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre of Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre of Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Goettingen, Germany
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Elkhoury K, Kodeih S, Enciso-Martínez E, Maziz A, Bergaud C. Advancing Cardiomyocyte Maturation: Current Strategies and Promising Conductive Polymer-Based Approaches. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303288. [PMID: 38349615 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and pose a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Despite remarkable progress in medical research, the development of effective cardiovascular drugs has been hindered by high failure rates and escalating costs. One contributing factor is the limited availability of mature cardiomyocytes (CMs) for accurate disease modeling and drug screening. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs offer a promising source of CMs; however, their immature phenotype presents challenges in translational applications. This review focuses on the road to achieving mature CMs by summarizing the major differences between immature and mature CMs, discussing the importance of adult-like CMs for drug discovery, highlighting the limitations of current strategies, and exploring potential solutions using electro-mechano active polymer-based scaffolds based on conductive polymers. However, critical considerations such as the trade-off between 3D systems and nutrient exchange, biocompatibility, degradation, cell adhesion, longevity, and integration into wider systems must be carefully evaluated. Continued advancements in these areas will contribute to a better understanding of cardiac diseases, improved drug discovery, and the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients with cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Elkhoury
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Sacha Kodeih
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
| | | | - Ali Maziz
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
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Aitova A, Scherbina S, Berezhnoy A, Slotvitsky M, Tsvelaya V, Sergeeva T, Turchaninova E, Rybkina E, Bakumenko S, Sidorov I, Popov MA, Dontsov V, Agafonov EG, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Zybin D, Shumakov D, Agladze K. Novel Molecular Vehicle-Based Approach for Cardiac Cell Transplantation Leads to Rapid Electromechanical Graft-Host Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10406. [PMID: 37373555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodeling is an inevitable risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias and can potentially be corrected with cell therapy. Although the generation of cardiac cells ex vivo is possible, specific approaches to cell replacement therapy remain unclear. On the one hand, adhesive myocyte cells must be viable and conjugated with the electromechanical syncytium of the recipient tissue, which is unattainable without an external scaffold substrate. On the other hand, the outer scaffold may hinder cell delivery, for example, making intramyocardial injection difficult. To resolve this contradiction, we developed molecular vehicles that combine a wrapped (rather than outer) polymer scaffold that is enveloped by the cell and provides excitability restoration (lost when cells were harvested) before engraftment. It also provides a coating with human fibronectin, which initiates the process of graft adhesion into the recipient tissue and can carry fluorescent markers for the external control of the non-invasive cell position. In this work, we used a type of scaffold that allowed us to use the advantages of a scaffold-free cell suspension for cell delivery. Fragmented nanofibers (0.85 µm ± 0.18 µm in diameter) with fluorescent labels were used, with solitary cells seeded on them. Cell implantation experiments were performed in vivo. The proposed molecular vehicles made it possible to establish rapid (30 min) electromechanical contact between excitable grafts and the recipient heart. Excitable grafts were visualized with optical mapping on a rat heart with Langendorff perfusion at a 0.72 ± 0.32 Hz heart rate. Thus, the pre-restored grafts' excitability (with the help of a wrapped polymer scaffold) allowed rapid electromechanical coupling with the recipient tissue. This information could provide a basis for the reduction of engraftment arrhythmias in the first days after cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleria Aitova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Serafima Scherbina
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Mikhail Slotvitsky
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Valeriya Tsvelaya
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Tatyana Sergeeva
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Elena Turchaninova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Rybkina
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergey Bakumenko
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Ilya Sidorov
- Nanobiomedicine Division, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Popov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav Dontsov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Agafonov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton E Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1 Schukinskaya St., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1 Schukinskaya St., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Zybin
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Shumakov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Kannan S, Miyamoto M, Zhu R, Lynott M, Guo J, Chen EZ, Colas AR, Lin BL, Kwon C. Trajectory reconstruction identifies dysregulation of perinatal maturation programs in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112330. [PMID: 37014753 PMCID: PMC10545814 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A limitation in the application of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) is the failure of these cells to achieve full functional maturity. The mechanisms by which directed differentiation differs from endogenous development, leading to consequent PSC-CM maturation arrest, remain unclear. Here, we generate a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reference of mouse in vivo CM maturation with extensive sampling of previously difficult-to-isolate perinatal time periods. We subsequently generate isogenic embryonic stem cells to create an in vitro scRNA-seq reference of PSC-CM-directed differentiation. Through trajectory reconstruction, we identify an endogenous perinatal maturation program that is poorly recapitulated in vitro. By comparison with published human datasets, we identify a network of nine transcription factors (TFs) whose targets are consistently dysregulated in PSC-CMs across species. Notably, these TFs are only partially activated in common ex vivo approaches to engineer PSC-CM maturation. Our study can be leveraged toward improving the clinical viability of PSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kannan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Miyamoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Renjun Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michaela Lynott
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jason Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elaine Zhelan Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexandre R Colas
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brian Leei Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chulan Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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7
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Genome Editing and Cardiac Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:37-52. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Slotvitsky M, Berezhnoy A, Scherbina S, Rimskaya B, Tsvelaya V, Balashov V, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Agladze K. Polymer Kernels as Compact Carriers for Suspended Cardiomyocytes. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:51. [PMID: 36677111 PMCID: PMC9865253 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) constitute a potential source of patient-specific human cardiomyocytes for a cardiac cell replacement therapy via intramyocardial injections, providing a major benefit over other cell sources in terms of immune rejection. However, intramyocardial injection of the cardiomyocytes has substantial challenges related to cell survival and electrophysiological coupling with recipient tissue. Current methods of manipulating cell suspensions do not allow one to control the processes of adhesion of injected cells to the tissue and electrophysiological coupling with surrounding cells. In this article, we documented the possibility of influencing these processes using polymer kernels: biocompatible fiber fragments of subcellular size that can be adsorbed to a cell, thereby creating the minimum necessary adhesion foci to shape the cell and provide support for the organization of the cytoskeleton and the contractile apparatus prior to adhesion to the recipient tissue. Using optical excitation markers, the restoration of the excitability of cardiomyocytes in suspension upon adsorption of polymer kernels was shown. It increased the likelihood of the formation of a stable electrophysiological coupling in vitro. The obtained results may be considered as a proof of concept that the stochastic engraftment process of injected suspension cells can be controlled by smart biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Slotvitsky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Serafima Scherbina
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Beatrisa Rimskaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Valerya Tsvelaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Balashov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anton E. Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Schukinskaya St., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Schukinskaya St., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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Gonciar D, Mocan T, Agoston-Coldea L. Nanoparticles Targeting the Molecular Pathways of Heart Remodeling and Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040711. [PMID: 35456545 PMCID: PMC9028351 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide, a trend that will continue to grow over the next decade. The heart consists of a complex cellular network based mainly on cardiomyocytes, but also on endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes, which closely communicate through paracrine factors and direct contact. These interactions serve as valuable targets in understanding the phenomenon of heart remodeling and regeneration. The advances in nanomedicine in the controlled delivery of active pharmacological agents are remarkable and may provide substantial contribution to the treatment of heart diseases. This review aims to summarize the main mechanisms involved in cardiac remodeling and regeneration and how they have been applied in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gonciar
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania; (D.G.); (L.A.-C.)
| | - Teodora Mocan
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
- Department of Nanomedicine, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca 400162, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucia Agoston-Coldea
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania; (D.G.); (L.A.-C.)
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10
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Onódi Z, Visnovitz T, Kiss B, Hambalkó S, Koncz A, Ágg B, Váradi B, Tóth VÉ, Nagy RN, Gergely TG, Gergő D, Makkos A, Pelyhe C, Varga N, Reé D, Apáti Á, Leszek P, Kovács T, Nagy N, Ferdinandy P, Buzás EI, Görbe A, Giricz Z, Varga ZV. Systematic transcriptomic and phenotypic characterization of human and murine cardiac myocyte cell lines and primary cardiomyocytes reveals serious limitations and low resemblances to adult cardiac phenotype. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:19-30. [PMID: 34959166 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac cell lines and primary cells are widely used in cardiovascular research. Despite increasing number of publications using these models, comparative characterization of these cell lines has not been performed, therefore, their limitations are undetermined. We aimed to compare cardiac cell lines to primary cardiomyocytes and to mature cardiac tissues in a systematic manner. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac cell lines (H9C2, AC16, HL-1) were differentiated with widely used protocols. Left ventricular tissue, neonatal primary cardiomyocytes, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes served as reference tissue or cells. RNA expression of cardiac markers (e.g. Tnnt2, Ryr2) was markedly lower in cell lines compared to references. Differentiation induced increase in cardiac- and decrease in embryonic markers however, the overall transcriptomic profile and annotation to relevant biological processes showed consistently less pronounced cardiac phenotype in all cell lines in comparison to the corresponding references. Immunocytochemistry confirmed low expressions of structural protein sarcomeric alpha-actinin, troponin I and caveolin-3 in cell lines. Susceptibility of cell lines to sI/R injury in terms of viability as well as mitochondrial polarization differed from the primary cells irrespective of their degree of differentiation. CONCLUSION Expression patterns of cardiomyocyte markers and whole transcriptomic profile, as well as response to sI/R, and to hypertrophic stimuli indicate low-to-moderate similarity of cell lines to primary cells/cardiac tissues regardless their differentiation. Low resemblance of cell lines to mature adult cardiac tissue limits their potential use. Low translational value should be taken into account while choosing a particular cell line to model cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Onódi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Hambalkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Koncz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Váradi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória É Tóth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Regina N Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás G Gergely
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Gergő
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Makkos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Pelyhe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Varga
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Reé
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágota Apáti
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Przemyslaw Leszek
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Tamás Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nándor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Hungary; ELKH-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Hungary
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Stafeev YS, Shevchenko EK, Boldireva MA, Penkov DN. Possible Role of Prep1 Homeodomain Transcription Factor in Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Silver SE, Barrs RW, Mei Y. Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Cardiac Regenerative Therapy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:707890. [PMID: 34820426 PMCID: PMC8606657 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.707890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and bears an immense economic burden. Late-stage heart failure often requires total heart transplantation; however, due to donor shortages and lifelong immunosuppression, alternative cardiac regenerative therapies are in high demand. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, have emerged as a viable source of human cardiomyocytes for transplantation. Recent developments in several mammalian models of cardiac injury have provided strong evidence of the therapeutic potential of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CM), showing their ability to electromechanically integrate with host cardiac tissue and promote functional recovery. In this review, we will discuss recent developments in hPSC-CM differentiation and transplantation strategies for delivery to the heart. We will highlight the mechanisms through which hPSC-CMs contribute to heart repair, review major challenges in successful transplantation of hPSC-CMs, and present solutions that are being explored to address these limitations. We end with a discussion of the clinical use of hPSC-CMs, including hurdles to clinical translation, current clinical trials, and future perspectives on hPSC-CM transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia E. Silver
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ryan W. Barrs
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ying Mei
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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13
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Salem T, Frankman Z, Churko J. Tissue engineering techniques for iPSC derived three-dimensional cardiac constructs. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:891-911. [PMID: 34476988 PMCID: PMC9419978 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in applied developmental physiology have provided well-defined methodologies for producing human stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes produced in this way have become commonplace as cardiac physiology research models. This accessibility has also allowed for the development of tissue engineered human heart constructs for drug screening, surgical intervention, and investigating cardiac pathogenesis. However, cardiac tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that involves complex engineering and physiological concepts, which limits its accessibility. This review provides a readable, broad reaching, and thorough discussion of major factors to consider for the development of cardiovascular tissues from stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. This review will examine important considerations in undertaking a cardiovascular tissue engineering project, and will present, interpret, and summarize some of the recent advancements in this field. This includes reviewing different forms of tissue engineered constructs, a discussion on cardiomyocyte sources, and an in-depth discussion of the fabrication and maturation procedures for tissue engineered heart constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tori Salem
- University of Arizona Medical Center - University Campus, 22165, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States;
| | - Zachary Frankman
- University of Arizona Medical Center - University Campus, 22165, Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States;
| | - Jared Churko
- University of Arizona Medical Center - University Campus, 22165, 1501 N Campbell RD, SHC 6143, Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85724-5128;
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14
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Chanthra N, Uosaki H. Maturity of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Future Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Amjad R, Ishtiaq I, Fatima N. Stem cells: a new way of therapy for cardiovascular disorders. Stem Cell Investig 2020; 7:19. [PMID: 33294428 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2019-048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorder affects the overall health of an individual and hence the quality of life. Stem cell therapy involves the use of stem cells widely used to treat different conditions. People having severe cardiovascular disorder can be treated with stem cells by generating heart muscles, stimulating the growth of blood vessels and by the secretion of different growth factors. Different types of stem cells are used for cardiac repair. Adipose stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are better options for increasing the survival rate. In this review we will discuss different types of stem cells, their activation pathway, generation, hurdles in transplantation and how to overcome them and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Amjad
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Isha Ishtiaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Noor Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
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16
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Konstantinides N, Desplan C. Neuronal differentiation strategies: insights from single-cell sequencing and machine learning. Development 2020; 147:dev193631. [PMID: 33293292 PMCID: PMC7746664 DOI: 10.1242/dev.193631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal replacement therapies rely on the in vitro differentiation of specific cell types from embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, or on the direct reprogramming of differentiated adult cells via the expression of transcription factors or signaling molecules. The factors used to induce differentiation or reprogramming are often identified by informed guesses based on differential gene expression or known roles for these factors during development. Moreover, differentiation protocols usually result in partly differentiated cells or the production of a mix of cell types. In this Hypothesis article, we suggest that, to overcome these inefficiencies and improve neuronal differentiation protocols, we need to take into account the developmental history of the desired cell types. Specifically, we present a strategy that uses single-cell sequencing techniques combined with machine learning as a principled method to select a sequence of programming factors that are important not only in adult neurons but also during differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claude Desplan
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
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17
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Zhang R, Guo T, Han Y, Huang H, Shi J, Hu J, Li H, Wang J, Saleem A, Zhou P, Lan F. Design of synthetic microenvironments to promote the maturation of human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:949-960. [PMID: 33231364 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-CMs) have a good application perspective in many fields such as disease modeling, drug screening and clinical treatment. However, these are severely hampered by the fact that hPSC-CMs are immature compared to adult human cardiomyocytes. Therefore, many approaches such as genetic manipulation, biochemical factors supplement, mechanical stress, electrical stimulation and three-dimensional culture have been developed to promote the maturation of hPSC-CMs. Recently, establishing in vitro synthetic artificial microenvironments based on the in vivo development program of cardiomyocytes has achieved much attention due to their inherent properties such as stiffness, plasticity, nanotopography and chemical functionality. In this review, the achievements and deficiency of reported synthetic microenvironments that mainly discussed comprehensive biological, chemical, and physical factors, as well as three-dimensional culture were mainly discussed, which have significance to improve the microenvironment design and accelerate the maturation of hPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School and hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianwei Guo
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Han
- School and hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Huang
- School and hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongjiao Li
- School and hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Amina Saleem
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School and hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Lan
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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18
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Yadav V, Chong N, Ellis B, Ren X, Senapati S, Chang HC, Zorlutuna P. Constant-potential environment for activating and synchronizing cardiomyocyte colonies with on-chip ion-depleting perm-selective membranes. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4273-4284. [PMID: 33090162 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an ion depleted zone created by an ion-selective membrane was used to impose a high and uniform constant extracellular potential over an entire ∼1000 cell rat cardiomyocyte (rCM) colony on-a-chip to trigger synchronized voltage-gated ion channel activities while preserving cell viability, thus extending single-cell voltage-clamp ion channel studies to an entire normalized colony. Image analysis indicated that rCM beating was strengthened and accelerated (by a factor of ∼2) within minutes of ion depletion and the duration of contraction and relaxation phases was significantly reduced. After the initial synchronization, the entire colony responds collectively to external potential changes such that beating over the entire colony can be activated or deactivated within 0.1 s. These newly observed collective dynamic responses, due to simultaneous ion channel activation/deactivation by a uniform constant-potential extracellular environment, suggest that perm-selective membrane modules on cell culture chips can facilitate studies of extracellular cardiac cell electrical communication and how ion-channel related pathologies affect cardiac cell synchronization. The future applications of this new technology can lead to better drug screening platforms for cardiotoxicity as well as platforms that can facilitate synchronized maturation of pluripotent stem cells into colonies with high electrical connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. and Center for Microfluidics and Medical Diagnostics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Nicholas Chong
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley Ellis
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Satyajyoti Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. and Center for Microfluidics and Medical Diagnostics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA and Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. and Center for Microfluidics and Medical Diagnostics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA and Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA and Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. and Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA and Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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19
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A Concise Review on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Personalized Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:748-776. [PMID: 33098306 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from somatic cells by using reprogramming factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) or Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28 (OSNL). They resemble embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and have the ability to differentiate into cell lineage of all three germ-layer, including cardiomyocytes (CMs). The CMs can be generated from iPSCs by inducing embryoid bodies (EBs) formation and treatment with activin A, bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), and inhibitors of Wnt signaling. However, these iPSC-derived CMs are a heterogeneous population of cells and require purification and maturation to mimic the in vivo CMs. The matured CMs can be used for various therapeutic purposes in regenerative medicine by cardiomyoplasty or through the development of tissue-engineered cardiac patches. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the isolation of iPSC and their differentiation, purification, and maturation into clinically usable CMs. Newer small molecules have also been identified to substitute the reprogramming factors for iPSC generation as well as for direct differentiation of somatic cells into CMs without an intermediary pluripotent state. This review provides a concise update on the generation of iPSC-derived CMs and their application in personalized cardiac regenerative medicine. It also discusses the current limitations and challenges in the application of iPSC-derived CMs. Graphical abstract.
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20
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Jiang L, Liang J, Huang W, Wu Z, Paul C, Wang Y. Strategies and Challenges to Improve Cellular Programming-Based Approaches for Heart Regeneration Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7662. [PMID: 33081233 PMCID: PMC7589611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited adult cardiac cell proliferation after cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, hampers regeneration, resulting in a major loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs) at the site of injury. Recent studies in cellular reprogramming approaches have provided the opportunity to improve upon previous techniques used to regenerate damaged heart. Using these approaches, new CMs can be regenerated from differentiation of iPSCs (similar to embryonic stem cells), the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts [induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs)], or induced cardiac progenitors. Although these CMs have been shown to functionally repair infarcted heart, advancements in technology are still in the early stages of development in research laboratories. In this review, reprogramming-based approaches for generating CMs are briefly introduced and reviewed, and the challenges (including low efficiency, functional maturity, and safety issues) that hinder further translation of these approaches into a clinical setting are discussed. The creative and combined optimal methods to address these challenges are also summarized, with optimism that further investigation into tissue engineering, cardiac development signaling, and epigenetic mechanisms will help to establish methods that improve cell-reprogramming approaches for heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
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21
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Li K, Wang X, Fan C, Wu C, Li S, Liu H. Tanshinone IIA promotes cardiac differentiation and improves cell motility by modulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1839-1846. [PMID: 32582982 PMCID: PMC7411398 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the cardiovascular pharmacological actions of Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) have been extensively studied, research on its roles in cardiac regeneration is still insufficient. The present study employed the cardiac myoblast cell line H9c2 to evaluate the possible roles of TanIIA in cardiac regeneration. It was found that certain concentration of TanIIA inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of proteins related to the cell cycle [cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)4, CDK6 and cyclin D1] and proliferation [c-Myc, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] without inducing apoptosis. In this process, the expression of cardiac troponin in the treated cells was significantly increased and the migration of the treated cells toward the wound area was significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, TanIIA inhibited the canonical signaling pathway through increasing the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and increased the expression of Wnt11 and Wnt5a in the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway. Following β-catenin agonist WAY-262611 intervention, the effect of TanIIA on the promotion of cardiac differentiation and improved cell migration was significantly reduced. In conclusion, it was hypothesized that TanIIA could promote cardiac differentiation and improve cell motility by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggest that TanIIA may play beneficial roles in myocardial regeneration following stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Chenxing Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Shizheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Liu
- Institute of Eyes, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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22
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Slotvitsky MM, Tsvelaya VA, Podgurskaya AD, Agladze KI. Formation of an electrical coupling between differentiating cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7774. [PMID: 32385315 PMCID: PMC7210299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) serve as an indispensable platform for the study of human cardiovascular disease is human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). While the possibility of reproducing rare pathologies, patient-specific selection of drugs, and other issues concerning single cardiomyocytes have been well studied, little attention has been paid to the properties of the whole syncytium of CMs, in which both the functionality of individual cells and the distribution of electrophysiological connections between them are essential. The aim of this work is to directly study the ability of hiPSC-CMs to form a functional syncytium that can stably conduct an excitation wave. For that purpose, syncytium forming hiPSC-CMs were harvested and seeded (transferred) on a new substrate on different days of differentiation. The excitation conduction in a sample was characterized by the stability of the wavefront using optical mapping data. We found that the cells transferred before the 20th day of differentiation were able to organize a functional syncytium capable of further development and stable excitation conduction at high stimulation frequencies, while the cells transferred after 20 days did not form a homogeneous syncytium, and multiple instabilities of the propagating wavefront were observed with the possibility of reentry formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Slotvitsky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - V A Tsvelaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - A D Podgurskaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - K I Agladze
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation. .,M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Moscow, 129110, Russian Federation.
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23
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Lemcke H, Skorska A, Lang CI, Johann L, David R. Quantitative Evaluation of the Sarcomere Network of Human hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Using Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082819. [PMID: 32316650 PMCID: PMC7216082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The maturation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes is still a critical point for their application in cardiovascular research as well as for their clinical use. Although multiple differentiation protocols have been established, researchers failed to generate fully mature cardiomyocytes in vitro possessing identical phenotype-related and functional properties as their native adult counterparts. Besides electrophysiological and metabolic changes, the establishment of a well structured sarcomere network is important for the development of a mature cardiac phenotype. Here, we present a super resolution-based approach to quantitatively evaluate the structural maturation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Fluorescence labelling of the α-actinin cytoskeleton and subsequent visualization by photoactivated localization microscopy allows the acquisition of highly resolved images for measuring sarcomere length and z-disc thickness. Our image analysis revealed that iPSC and neonatal cardiomyocyte share high similarity with respect to their sarcomere organization, however, contraction capacity was inferior in iPSC-derived cardiac cells, indicating an early maturation level. Moreover, we demonstrate that this imaging approach can be used as a tool to monitor cardiomyocyte integrity, helping to optimize iPSC differentiation as well as somatic cell direct-reprogramming strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Lemcke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anna Skorska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Cajetan Immanuel Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Lisa Johann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert David
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence:
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24
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Enhancement of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte maturation by chemical conditioning in a 3D environment. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 138:1-11. [PMID: 31655038 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding and use of pluripotent stem cells have produced major changes in approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. An obstacle to the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) for regenerative medicine, disease modeling and drug discovery is their immature state relative to adult myocardium. We show the effects of a combination of biochemical factors, thyroid hormone, dexamethasone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (TDI) on the maturation of hiPSC-CMs in 3D cardiac microtissues (CMTs) that recapitulate aspects of the native myocardium. Based on a comparison of the gene expression profiles and the structural, ultrastructural, and electrophysiological properties of hiPSC-CMs in monolayers and CMTs, and measurements of the mechanical and pharmacological properties of CMTs, we find that TDI treatment in a 3D tissue context yields a higher fidelity adult cardiac phenotype, including sarcoplasmic reticulum function and contractile properties consistent with promotion of the maturation of hiPSC derived cardiomyocytes.
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