Lv W, Wang X, Xu Q, Lu W. Mechanisms and Characteristics of Sulfonylureas and Glinides.
Curr Top Med Chem 2020;
20:37-56. [PMID:
31884929 DOI:
10.2174/1568026620666191224141617]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex progressive endocrine disease characterized by hyperglycemia and life-threatening complications. It is the most common disorder of pancreatic cell function that causes insulin deficiency. Sulfonylurea is a class of oral hypoglycemic drugs. Over the past half century, these drugs, together with the subsequent non-sulfonylureas (glinides), have been the main oral drugs for insulin secretion.
OBJECTIVE
Through in-depth study, the medical profession considers it as an important drug for improving blood sugar control.
METHODS
The mechanism, characteristics, efficacy and side effects of sulfonylureas and glinides were reviewed in detail.
RESULTS
Sulfonylureas and glinides not only stimulated the release of insulin from pancreatic cells, but also had many extrapanular hypoglycemic effect, such as reducing the clearance rate of insulin in liver, reducing the secretion of glucagon, and enhancing the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSION
Sulfonylureas and glinides are effective first-line drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Although they have the risk of hypoglycemia, weight gain and cardiovascular disease, their clinical practicability and safety can be guaranteed as long as they are reasonably used.
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