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Park SH, Ji KY, Park SY, Kim HM, Ma SH, Do JH, Kang H, Kang HS, Oh DB, Shim JS, Joung YH. Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant colorectal cancer antigen produced in tomato fruits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9723. [PMID: 35697846 PMCID: PMC9192744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of pharmacological vaccines in plants has been an important goal in the field of plant biotechnology. GA733-2, the protein that is also known as colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-associated antigen, is a strong candidate to produce a colorectal cancer vaccine. Tomato is the one of the major targets for production of an edible vaccine, as tomato is a fruit consumed in fresh form. It also contains high content of vitamins that aid activation of immune response. In order to develop an edible colorectal cancer vaccine, the transgene rGA733-Fc that encodes a fusion protein of GA733-2, the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain, and the ER retention motif (rGA733-Fc) was introduced into tomato plants (Solanumlycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). The transgenic plants producing rGA733-Fc (rGA733-FcOX) protein were screened based on stable integration of transgene expression cassette and expression level of rGA733-Fc protein. Further glycosylation pattern analysis revealed that plant derived rGA733-Fc protein contains an oligomannose glycan structure, which is a typical glycosylation pattern found on ER-processing proteins. The red fruits of rGA733-FcOX transgenic tomato plants containing approximately 270 ng/g FW of rGA733-Fc protein were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of tomato fruits of the rGA733-Fc expressing transgenic plants delayed colorectal cancer growth and stimulated immune responses compared to oral administration of tomato fruits of the h-Fc expressing transgenic plants in the C57BL/6J mice. This is the first study showing the possibility of producing an edible colorectal cancer vaccine using tomato plants. This research would be helpful for development of plant-derived cancer edible vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ma
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Ju Hui Do
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Hyuno Kang
- Division of Analytical Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Doo-Byoung Oh
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
| | - Young Hee Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
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Shinohara ET, Lu B, Hallahan DE. The Use of Gene Therapy in Cancer Research and Treatment. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 3:479-90. [PMID: 15453813 DOI: 10.1177/153303460400300509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy involves identifying a gene of interest and then manipulating the expression of this gene through a variety of techniques. Here we specifically address gene therapy's role in cancer research. This paper will encompass thoroughly investigated techniques such as cancer vaccines and suicide gene therapy and the latest advancements in and applications of these techniques. It will also cover newer techniques such as Antisense Oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs and how these technologies are being developed and used. The use of gene therapy continues to expand in cancer research and has an integral role in the advancement of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T Shinohara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University, 1301 22nd Avenue South, B-902, The Vanderbilt Clinic, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-5671, USA
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Xu M, Lu X, Sposato M, Zinckgraf JW, Wu S, von Hofe E. Ii-Key/HPV16 E7 hybrid peptide immunotherapy for HPV16+ cancers. Vaccine 2009; 27:4641-7. [PMID: 19520206 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is critical for vaccine design. We have advanced a novel technology for enhancing activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T helper cells whereby a fragment of the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii-Key) is linked to an MHC class II epitope. An HLA-DR4-restricted HPV16 E7 epitope, HPV16 E7(8-22), was used to create a homologous series of Ii-Key/HPV16 E7 hybrids testing the influence of spacer length on in vivo enhancement of HPV16 E7(8-22)-specific CD4+ T lymphocyte responses. HLA-DR4-tg mice were immunized with Ii-Key/HPV16 E7(8-22) hybrids or the epitope-only peptide HPV16 E7(8-22). As measured by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay of splenocytes from immunized mice, one of the Ii-Key/HPV16 E7(8-22) hybrids enhanced epitope-specific CD4+ T cell activation 5-fold compared to the HPV16 E7(8-22) epitope-only peptide. We further demonstrated that enhanced CD4+ T cell activation augments the CTL activity of a H-2D(b)-restricted HPV16 E7(49-57) epitope in HLA-DR4+ mice using an in vivo CTL assay. Binding assays indicated that the Ii-Key/HPV16 hybrid has increased affinity to HLA-DR4+ cells relative to the epitope-only peptide, which may explain its increased potency. In summary, Ii-Key hybrid modification of the HLA-DR4-restricted HPV16 E7(8-22) MHC class II epitope generates a potent immunotherapeutic peptide vaccine that may have potential for treating HPV16+ cancers in HLA-DR4+ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhen Xu
- Antigen Express, Inc., Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Verch T, Hooper DC, Kiyatkin A, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H. Immunization with a plant-produced colorectal cancer antigen. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2004; 53:92-9. [PMID: 14566428 PMCID: PMC11032813 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-003-0428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2003] [Accepted: 07/11/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccination has become an important focus of oncology in recent years. Active immunization with tumor-associated antigens such as colorectal cancer antigen GA733-2 is thought to potentially overcome the reoccurrence of metastasis. As recombinant protein production in bioreactors is costly and subject to growing safety concerns, we tested plants as an alternative for the expression of a potential colorectal cancer vaccine. Comparing colorectal cancer antigen GA733-2 produced in tobacco plants with the same antigen produced in insect cell culture, we found a similar humoral immune response to injection of either of the two antigen preparations into mice. Some minor differences were observed in the cellular response that might be due to impurities. Our studies compare for the first time, immunization with the same antigen expressed in either plants or insect cell culture. This will provide important data for use of plants as production systems of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Verch
- Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Present Address: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 323 Johnson Pavillion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - D. Craig Hooper
- Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Anatoly Kiyatkin
- Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Present Address: Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Room 269JAH, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Zenon Steplewski
- Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Hilary Koprowski
- Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
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Follen M, Meyskens FL, Alvarez RD, Walker JL, Bell MC, Storthz KA, Sastry J, Roy K, Richards-Kortum R, Cornelison TL. Cervical cancer chemoprevention, vaccines, and surrogate endpoint biomarkers. Cancer 2003; 98:2044-51. [PMID: 14603541 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
At the Second International Conference on Cervical Cancer, held April 11-14, 2002, experts in cervical cancer prevention, detection, and treatment reviewed the need for more research in chemoprevention, including prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, immunomodulators, peptides, and surrogate endpoint biomarkers. Investigators and clinicians noted the need for more rigorous Phase I randomized clinical trials, more attention to the risk factors that can affect study results in this patient population, and validation of optical technologies that will provide valuable quantitative information in real time regarding disease regression and progression. They discussed the role of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer development and the importance of developing strategies to suppress HPV persistence and progression. Results in Phase I randomized clinical trials have been disappointing because few have demonstrated statistically significant regression attributable to the agent tested. Researchers recommended using a transgenic mouse model to test and validate new compounds, initiating vaccine and immunomodulator trials, and developing immunologic surrogate endpoint biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Follen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Lo KWK, Wong YF, Chan MKM, Li JCB, Poon JS, Wang VW, Zhu SN, Zhang TM, He ZG, Wu QL, Li GD, Tam JSL, Kahn T, Lam P, Cheung TH, Chung TKH. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer: a multicenter study in China. Int J Cancer 2002; 100:327-31. [PMID: 12115548 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.10506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A large-scale epidemiologic survey on the prevalence of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer in China is indicated because of the implications for the development of diagnostic probes and vaccines against cervical cancer. A total of 809 cervical cancer specimens were collected from 5 regions in China including Shanghai, Guangzhou, Sichuan, Beijing and Hong Kong. HPV DNA was detected in 83.7% of the specimens. HPV-16 was present in 79.6%, HPV-18 in 7.5%, HPV-52 in 2.6% and HPV-58 in 3.8% of all HPV-positive specimens. The prevalences of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in Hong Kong were 61.7 and 14.8%, respectively, representing a lower HPV-16 and a higher HPV-18 proportion compared with the other regions. HPV-16 remained the most common HPV infection in both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). The proportion of HPV-18 infection was significantly higher in AC than in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith W K Lo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, S.A.R. China.
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Women's Health LiteratureWatch. JOURNAL OF WOMEN'S HEALTH & GENDER-BASED MEDICINE 2001; 10:821-6. [PMID: 11703895 DOI: 10.1089/15246090152636587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
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