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Ozsvár D, Bózsity N, Zupkó I, Szakonyi Z. Synthesis and Study of the Structure-Activity Relationship of Antiproliferative N-Substituted Isosteviol-Based 1,3-Aminoalcohols. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:262. [PMID: 38399477 PMCID: PMC10893060 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Starting from isosteviol, a series of diterpenoid 1,3-aminoalcohol derivatives were prepared via stereoselective transformations. The acid-catalysed hydrolysis and rearrangement of natural stevioside produced isosteviol, which was transformed into the key intermediate methyl ester. In the next step, an 1,3-aminoalcohol library was prepared by the reductive amination of the intermediate 3-hydroxyaldehyde obtained from isosteviol in a two-step synthesis. To study the effect of the carboxylate ester function at position 4, the free carboxylic acid, benzyl ester and acryloyl ester analogues were prepared as elongated derivatives in comparison with our earlier results in this field. The antiproliferative activity of compounds against human tumour cell lines (A2780, HeLa, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) was investigated. In our preliminary study, the 1,3-aminoalcohol function with N-benzyl or (1H-imidazol-1-yl)-propyl substitution and benzyl ester moiety seemed essential for the reliable antiproliferative activity. The results obtained could be a good starting point to further functionalisation towards more efficient antiproliferative diterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Ozsvár
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Noémi Bózsity
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (I.Z.)
| | - István Zupkó
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (I.Z.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakonyi
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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2
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Podolak M, Holota S, Deyak Y, Dziduch K, Dudchak R, Wujec M, Bielawski K, Lesyk R, Bielawska A. Tubulin inhibitors. Selected scaffolds and main trends in the design of novel anticancer and antiparasitic agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107076. [PMID: 38163424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Design of tubulin inhibitors as anticancer drugs dynamically developed over the past 20 years. The modern arsenal of potential tubulin-targeting anticancer agents is represented by small molecules, monoclonal antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates. Moreover, targeting tubulin has been a successful strategy in the development of antiparasitic drugs. In the present review, an overall picture of the research and development of potential tubulin-targeting agents using small molecules between 2018 and 2023 is provided. The data about some most often used and prospective chemotypes of small molecules (privileged heterocycles, moieties of natural molecules) and synthetic methodologies (analogue-based, fragment-based drug design, molecular hybridization) applied for the design of novel agents with an impact on the tubulin system are summarized. The design and prospects of multi-target agents with an impact on the tubulin system were also highlighted. Reported in the review data contribute to the "structure-activity" profile of tubulin-targeting small molecules as anticancer and antiparasitic agents and will be useful for the application by medicinal chemists in further exploration, design, improvement, and optimization of this class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Podolak
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Serhii Holota
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslava Deyak
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine; Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Uzhhorod National University, Narodna Square 3, 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Katarzyna Dziduch
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rostyslav Dudchak
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Wujec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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3
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Pal D, Song IH, Dashrath Warkad S, Song KS, Seong Yeom G, Saha S, Shinde PB, Balasaheb Nimse S. Indazole-based microtubule-targeting agents as potential candidates for anticancer drugs discovery. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105735. [PMID: 35298962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous research is focused on developing novel drug candidates targeting microtubules to inhibit their function in several cellular processes, including cell division. In this regard, several indazole derivatives were sought to target the colchicine binding site on the β-tubulin, a crucial protein required to form microtubules, to develop microtubule targeting agents. Even though there are several reviews on the indazole-based compounds, none of them focused on using indazole scaffold to develop microtubule targeting agents. Therefore, this review aims to present the advances in research on compounds containing indazole scaffolds as microtubule targeting agents based on the articles published in the last two decades. Among the articles reviewed, we found that compounds 6 and 7 showed the lowest IC50 values of 0.6 ∼ 0.9 nM in the cell line studies, making them the strongest indazole derivatives that target microtubules. The compounds 30, 31, 37 (IC50 = ∼ 1 nM) and compounds 8, 38 (IC50 = ∼ 2 nM) have proved to be potent microtubule inhibitors. The compounds 18, 31, 44, 45 also showed strong anticancer activity (IC50 = ∼ 8 nM). It is important to notice that except for compounds 9, 12, 13, 15, and SRF, the top activity compounds including 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 30, 31, 37, 44, and 45 contain 3,4,5‑trimethoxyphenyl substitution similar to that of colchicine. Therefore, it appears that the 3,4,5‑trimethoxyphenyl substituent on the indazole scaffold is crucial for targeting CBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilipkumar Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Viswavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India
| | - In-Ho Song
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, South Korea
| | | | - Keum-Soo Song
- Biometrix Technology, Inc., 2-2 Bio Venture Plaza 56, Chuncheon 24232, South Korea
| | - Gyu Seong Yeom
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, South Korea
| | - Supriyo Saha
- Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science and Research, India
| | - Pramod B Shinde
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Satish Balasaheb Nimse
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, South Korea.
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4
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Weidong L, Sanna L, Bordoni V, Tiansheng Z, Chengxun L, Murineddu G, Pinna GA, Kelvin DJ, Bagella L. Target identification of a novel unsymmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative with antiproliferative properties. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:3789-3799. [PMID: 33089499 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives are widely used in research on antineoplastic drugs. Recently, we discovered a novel unsymmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole compound with antiproliferative properties called 2j. To further investigate its possible targets and molecular mechanisms, RNA-seq was performed and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained after treatment. Data were analyzed using functional (Gene Ontology term) and pathway (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment of the DEGs. The hub genes were determined by the analysis of protein-protein interaction networks. The connectivity map (CMap) information provided insight into the model action of antitumor small molecule drugs. Hub genes have been identified through function gene networks using STRING analysis. The small molecular targets obtained by CMap comparison showed that 2j is a tubulin inhibitor and it acts mainly affecting tumor cells through the cell cycle, FoxO signaling pathway, apoptotic, and p53 signaling pathways. The possible targets of 2j could be TUBA1A and TUBA4A. Molecular docking results indicated that 2j interacts at the colchicine-binding site on tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyu Weidong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luca Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valentina Bordoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Zeng Tiansheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Chengxun
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gabriele Murineddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gerard A Pinna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - David J Kelvin
- Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Gyawali B, Hwang TJ, Vokinger KN, Booth CM, Amir E, Tibau A. Patient-Centered Cancer Drug Development: Clinical Trials, Regulatory Approval, and Value Assessment. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2019; 39:374-387. [PMID: 31099613 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_242229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Historically, patient experience, including symptomatic toxicities, physical function, and disease-related symptoms during treatment or their perspectives on clinical trials, has played a secondary role in cancer drug development. Regulatory criteria for drug approval require that drugs are safe and effective, and almost all drug approvals have been based only on efficacy endpoints rather than on quality-of-life (QoL) assessments. In contrast to Europe, information regarding the impact of drugs on patients' QoL is rarely included in oncology drug labeling in the United States. Until recently, patient input and preferences have not been incorporated into the design and conduct of clinical trials. In recent years, a more in-depth understanding of cancer biology, as well as regulatory changes focused on expediting cancer drug development and approval, has allowed earlier access to novel therapeutic agents. Understanding the implications of these expedited programs is important for oncologists and patients, given the rapid expansion of these programs. In this article, we provide an overview of the role of QoL in the regulatory drug-approval process, key issues regarding trial participation from the patient perspective, and the implications of key expedited approval programs that are increasingly being used by regulatory bodies for cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Gyawali
- 1 Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas J Hwang
- 1 Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kerstin Noelle Vokinger
- 1 Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,2 Institute for Primary Care and Health Outcomes Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M Booth
- 3 Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,4 Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eitan Amir
- 5 Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ariadna Tibau
- 6 Department of Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Oyama R, Takahashi M, Kito F, Sakumoto M, Shiozawa K, Qiao Z, Yoshida A, Endo M, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of patient-derived xenograft and its cell line of primary leiomyosarcoma of bone. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:458-467. [PMID: 29845452 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Primary leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of bone is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal malignancy that differentiates toward smooth muscle. Complete resection is the only curable treatment, and novel therapeutic approaches for primary LMS of bone have long been desired. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and cell lines are invaluable tools for preclinical studies. Here, we established PDXs from a patient with primary LMS of bone and a cell line from an established PDX. Bone primary LMS tissue was subcutaneously implanted into highly immune-deficient mice. After two passages, a piece of the tumor was subjected to tissue culturing, and a morphological evaluation and proteomic analysis were performed on the PDX and the established cell line. Moreover, the responses of the established cell line to anti-cancer drugs were examined. Microscopic observations revealed that the PDX tumors retained their original histology. The cell line was established from the third-generation PDX and named NCC-LMS1-X3-C1. The cells were maintained for over 18 mo and 40 passages. The cells exhibited a spindle shape and aggressive growth. Mass spectrometric protein identification revealed that the original tumor tissue, PDX tumor tissue, and NCC-LMS1-X3-C1 cells had similar but distinct protein expression profiles. We previously established the cell line, NCC-LMS1-C1, from the tumor tissue of same patient. We found that the response to drug treatments was different between NCC-LMS1-X3-C1 and NCC-LMS1-C1, suggesting the heterogeneous traits of tumor cells in the identical tumor tissue. This set of PDXs and stable cell line will be a useful resource for bone LMS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Oyama
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Fusako Kito
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Marimu Sakumoto
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kumiko Shiozawa
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Zhiwei Qiao
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Endo
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan. .,Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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7
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Tsai MH, Liu JF, Chiang YC, Hu SCS, Hsu LF, Lin YC, Lin ZC, Lee HC, Chen MC, Huang CL, Lee CW. Artocarpin, an isoprenyl flavonoid, induces p53-dependent or independent apoptosis via ROS-mediated MAPKs and Akt activation in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28342-28358. [PMID: 28423703 PMCID: PMC5438654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artocarpin has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic effects on different cancer cells, including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC, A549). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explore both p53-dependent and independent apoptosis pathways in artocarpin-treated NSCLC cells. Our results showed that artocarpin rapidly induced activation of cellular protein kinases including Erk1/2, p38 and AktS473. Inhibition of these protein kinases prevented artocarpin-induced cell death. Moreover, artocarpin-induced phosphorylation of these protein kinases and apoptosis were mediated by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as pretreatment with NAC (a ROS scavenger) and Apocynin (a Nox-2 inhibitor) blocked these events. Similarly, transient transfection of p47Phox or p91Phox siRNA attenuated artocarpin-induced NADPH oxidase activity and cell death. In addition, p53 dependent apoptotic proteins including PUMA, cytochrome c, Apaf-1 and caspase 3 were activated by artocarpin, and these effects can be abolished by antioxidants, MAPK inhibitors (U0126 and SB202190), but not by PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). Furthermore, we found that artocarpin-induced Akt phosphorylation led to increased NF-κB activity, which may act as an upstream regulator in the c-Myc and Noxa pathway. Therefore, we propose that enhancement of both ERK/ p38/ p53-dependent or independent AktS473/NF-κB/c-Myc/Noxa cascade by Nox-derived ROS generation plays an important role in artocarpin-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Horng Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Fang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Fen Hsu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chen
- Program for the Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Liang Huang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.,Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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8
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Yang A, Baxi S, Korenstein D. ClinicalTrials.gov for Facilitating Rapid Understanding of Potential Harms of New Drugs: The Case of Checkpoint Inhibitors. J Oncol Pract 2018; 14:72-76. [PMID: 29298113 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2017.025114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Yang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shrujal Baxi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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9
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Tibau A, Molto C, Ocana A, Templeton AJ, Del Carpio LP, Del Paggio JC, Barnadas A, Booth CM, Amir E. Magnitude of Clinical Benefit of Cancer Drugs Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 110:486-492. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Tibau
- Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Consolación Molto
- Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Ocana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arnoud J Templeton
- Department of Medical Oncology, St Claraspital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luis P Del Carpio
- Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph C Del Paggio
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher M Booth
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen’s University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Eitan Amir
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Krzyzanowska MK, Enright K, Moineddin R, Yun L, Powis M, Ghannam M, Grunfeld E. Can Chemotherapy-Related Acute Care Visits Be Accurately Identified in Administrative Data? J Oncol Pract 2017; 14:e51-e58. [PMID: 29155611 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2017.023697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing interest in using administrative data to examine treatment-related complications that lead to emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations (H). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of billing codes for identifying chemotherapy-related acute care visits (CRVs) among women with early-stage breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cohort was identified by using deterministically linked health databases and consisted of women who were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer who started adjuvant chemotherapy between 2007 and 2009 in Ontario, Canada. A random sample of 496 patient cases was chosen as the validation cohort. Sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) were calculated for three scenarios: chemotherapy-related ED visit, chemotherapy-related H, and febrile neutropenia (FN)-related visit. For FN-related visits, three definitions were considered: general, moderate, and strict. RESULTS The administrative cohort consisted of 8,359 patients, 43.4% of whom had at least one ED or H, including 1,496 women who had multiple visits that resulted in 6,293 unique visits. Of these, 73.1% were considered CRVs. The algorithm performed well in identifying CRVs that included H either from ED (SN, 90%; SP, 100%) or directly from home (SN, 91%; SP, 93%), but less well for ED visits that did not result in H (SN, 65%; SP, 80%). Depending on which FN algorithm was used, 4.8% to 24% of visits were considered related. The moderate FN algorithm provided the best tradeoff between SN (69% to 97%) and SP (83% to 98%). CONCLUSION Administrative data can be valuable in evaluating chemotherapy-related serious events. Algorithm validation in other cohorts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika K Krzyzanowska
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Enright
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rahim Moineddin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lingsong Yun
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Powis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammed Ghannam
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eva Grunfeld
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto; and Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Woo SM, Kwon SC, Ko SG, Cho SG. Barley grass extract causes apoptosis of cancer cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:681-685. [PMID: 28584641 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, therefore food products are being investigated for potential prevention or treatment strategies. The ingredient, barley grass extract (Hordeum vulgare L.; Bex) is used to prevent or ameliorate various types of disease. In cancer, Bex has been revealed to inhibit tumor growth. However, its effect on cancer cells is yet to be clearly defined. In the present study, the effect of Bex on cancer cell growth was investigated. Bex inhibited the viabilities of breast and prostate cancer cells according to the results of MTT assays. Accordingly, Bex caused apoptosis, which was confirmed by Annexin V staining and western blot analysis for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspases. Furthermore, Bex increased the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and N-acetyl-L-cystein blocked Bex-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the study demonstrated that Bex causes apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cells by increasing intracellular ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mi Woo
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Kwon
- Department of Food Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, Chungbuk 368-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Gyu Ko
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, Chungbuk 368-701, Republic of Korea
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12
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Cespedes Feliciano EM, Kroenke CH, Bradshaw PT, Chen WY, Prado CM, Weltzien EK, Castillo AL, Caan BJ. Postdiagnosis Weight Change and Survival Following a Diagnosis of Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:44-50. [PMID: 27566419 PMCID: PMC5224999 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achieving a healthy weight is recommended for all breast cancer survivors. Previous research on postdiagnosis weight change and mortality had conflicting results. METHODS We examined whether change in body weight in the 18 months following diagnosis is associated with overall and breast cancer-specific mortality in a cohort of n = 12,590 stage I-III breast cancer patients at Kaiser Permanente using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Follow-up was from the date of the postdiagnosis weight at 18 months until death or June 2015 [median follow-up (range): 3 (0-9) years]. We divided follow-up into earlier (18-54 months) and later (>54 months) postdiagnosis periods. RESULTS Mean (SD) age-at-diagnosis was 59 (11) years. A total of 980 women died, 503 from breast cancer. Most women maintained weight within 5% of diagnosis body weight; weight loss and gain were equally common at 19% each. Compared with weight maintenance, large losses (≥10%) were associated with worse survival, with HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause death of 2.63 (2.12-3.26) earlier and 1.60 (1.14-2.25) later in follow-up. Modest losses (>5%-<10%) were associated with worse survival earlier [1.39 (1.11-1.74)] but not later in follow-up [0.77 (0.54-1.11)]. Weight gain was not related to survival. Results were similar for breast cancer-specific death. CONCLUSION Large postdiagnosis weight loss is associated with worse survival in both earlier and later postdiagnosis periods, independent of treatment and prognostic factors. IMPACT Weight loss and gain are equally common after breast cancer, and weight loss is a consistent marker of mortality risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 44-50. ©2016 AACR SEE ALL THE ARTICLES IN THIS CEBP FOCUS SECTION, "THE OBESITY PARADOX IN CANCER EVIDENCE AND NEW DIRECTIONS".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Patrick T Bradshaw
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Wendy Y Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erin K Weltzien
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Adrienne L Castillo
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
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13
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Ivanova A, Paul B, Marchenko O, Song G, Patel N, Moschos SJ. Nine-year change in statistical design, profile, and success rates of Phase II oncology trials. J Biopharm Stat 2016; 26:141-9. [PMID: 26368744 DOI: 10.1080/10543406.2015.1092030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated nine-year trends in statistical design and other features of Phase II oncology clinical trials published in 2005, 2010, and 2014 in five leading oncology journals: Cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Annals of Oncology, and Lancet Oncology. The features analyzed included cancer type, multicenter vs. single-institution, statistical design, primary endpoint, number of treatment arms, number of patients per treatment arm, whether or not statistical methods were well described, whether the drug was found effective based on rigorous statistical testing of the null hypothesis, and whether the drug was recommended for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ivanova
- a Department of Biostatistics , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Barry Paul
- b Department of Medicine , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | | | - Guochen Song
- c Quintiles , Morrisville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Neerali Patel
- d Department of Health Policy and Management , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Stergios J Moschos
- b Department of Medicine , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
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14
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Kiesewetter B, Raderer M, Steger GG, Bartsch R, Pirker R, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Prager G, Krainer M, Preusser M, Schmidinger M, Zielinski CC. The European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale in daily practice: a single institution, real-life experience at the Medical University of Vienna. ESMO Open 2016; 1:e000066. [PMID: 27843624 PMCID: PMC5070236 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2016-000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS) has been designed to stratify the therapeutic benefit of a certain drug registered for the treatment of cancer. However, though internally validated, this tool has not yet been evaluated for its feasibility in the daily practice of a major center of medical oncology. METHODS The practicability of the MCBS for advanced oncological diseases at the Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, which constitutes one of the largest oncological centres in Europe, was analysed in a three-step approach. First, retrospectively collected data were analysed to gain an overview of treatments in regular use. Second, data were scored by using the MCBS. Third, the ensuing results were evaluated within corresponding programme directorships to assess feasibility in a real-life clinical context. RESULTS In the majority of tumour entities, the MCBS results reported earlier are consistent with daily clinical practice. Thus, in metastatic breast cancer or advanced lung cancer, there was a high level of clinical benefit for first-line treatment standards, and these results reflected well real-life experience. However, analyses based on the first version of the MCBS are limited if it comes to salvage treatment in tumour entities in which optimal sequencing of potential treatment options is of major importance, as in metastatic colorectal or renal cell cancer. In contrast to this, it is remarkable that certain novel therapies such as nivolumab assessed for heavily pretreated advanced renal cancer reached the highest level of clinical benefit due to prolongation in survival and a favourable toxicity profile. The MCBS clearly underlines the potential benefit of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS The MCBS is an excellent tool for daily clinical practice of a tertiary referral centre. It supports treatment decisions based on the clinical benefit to be expected from a novel approach such as immunotherapy in as yet untested indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kiesewetter
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Gerald Prager
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael Krainer
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Manuela Schmidinger
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Christoph C Zielinski
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
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15
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Liu CJ, Yu SL, Liu YP, Dai XJ, Wu Y, Li RJ, Tao JC. Synthesis, cytotoxic activity evaluation and HQSAR study of novel isosteviol derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 115:26-40. [PMID: 26994841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Trejo-Becerril C, Pérez-Cardenas E, Gutiérrez-Díaz B, De La Cruz-Sigüenza D, Taja-Chayeb L, González-Ballesteros M, García-López P, Chanona J, Dueñas-González A. Antitumor Effects of Systemic DNAse I and Proteases in an In Vivo Model. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 15:NP35-NP43. [PMID: 27146129 PMCID: PMC5739158 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416631102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Cell-free DNA circulates in cancer patients and induces in vivo cell transformation and cancer progression in susceptible cells. Based on this, we hypothesized that depletion of circulating DNA with DNAse I and a protease mix could have antitumor effects. Study design. The study aimed to demonstrate that DNAse I and a protease mix can degrade in vitro DNA and proteins from the serum of healthy individuals and cancer patients, and in vivo in serum of Wistar rats,. Moreover, the antitumor effect of the systemically administered enzyme mix treatmentwas evaluated in nude mice subcutaneously grafted with the human colon cancer cell line SW480. Results. The serum DNA of cancer patients or healthy individuals was almost completely degraded in vitro by the enzymatic treatment, but no degradation was found with the enzymes given separately. The intravenous administration of the enzymes led to significant decreases in DNA and proteins from rat serum. No antitumor effect was observed in immunodeficient mice treated with the enzymes given separately. In contrast, the animals that received both enzymes exhibited a marked growth inhibition of tumors, 40% of them having pathological complete response. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that systemic treatment with DNAse I and a protease mix in rats decreases DNA and proteins from serum and that this treatment has antitumor effects. Our results support the hypothesis that circulating DNA could have a role in tumor progression, which can be offset by depleting it. Further studies are needed to prove this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Chanona
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City, Mexico .,Instituto de InvestigacionesBiomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City, Mexico
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17
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Friis S, Kesminiene A, Espina C, Auvinen A, Straif K, Schüz J. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Medical exposures, including hormone therapy, and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39 Suppl 1:S107-19. [PMID: 26390952 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer recommends limiting - or avoiding when possible - the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) because of the increased risk of cancer, nevertheless acknowledging that prescription of HRT may be indicated under certain medical conditions. Current evidence shows that HRT, generally prescribed as menopausal hormone therapy, is associated with an increased risk of cancers of the breast, endometrium, and ovary, with the risk pattern depending on factors such as the type of therapy (oestrogen-only or combined oestrogen-progestogen), duration of treatment, and initiation according to the time of menopause. Carcinogenicity has also been established for anti-neoplastic agents used in cancer therapy, immunosuppressants, oestrogen-progestogen contraceptives, and tamoxifen. Medical use of ionising radiation, an established carcinogen, can provide major health benefits; however, prudent practices need to be in place, with procedures and techniques providing the needed diagnostic information or therapeutic gain with the lowest possible radiation exposure. For pharmaceutical drugs and medical radiation exposure with convincing evidence on their carcinogenicity, health benefits have to be balanced against the risks; potential increases in long-term cancer risk should be considered in the context of the often substantial and immediate health benefits from diagnosis and/or treatment. Thus, apart from HRT, no general recommendations on reducing cancer risk were given for carcinogenic drugs and medical radiation in the 4th edition of European Code against Cancer. It is crucial that the application of these measures relies on medical expertise and thorough benefit-risk evaluation. This also pertains to cancer-preventive drugs, and self-medication with aspirin or other potential chemopreventive drugs is strongly discouraged because of the possibility of serious, potentially lethal, adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ausrele Kesminiene
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; STUK-Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Research and Environmental Surveillance, FI-00881 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France.
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18
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Guo K, Gao R, Yu Y, Zhang W, Yang Y, Yang A. Quantitative mRNA expression analysis of selected genes in patients with early-stage hypothyroidism induced by treatment with iodine-131. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7673-80. [PMID: 26398137 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the molecular markers indicative of early-stage hypothyroidism induced by treatment with iodine-131, in order to assist in further investigations of radio iodine‑induced hypothyroidism. A total of 59 patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism (male/female, 16/43; median age, 46.4 years) and 27 healthy subjects (male/female, 7/21; median age, 44.6 years) were included in the present study. All patients were treated with appropriate doses of iodine‑131 and, three months following treatment, the patients were subdivided into two groups: A group with early‑stage hypothyroidism symptoms, and a group with non‑early‑stage hypothyroidism, including euthyroid patients and patients remaining with hyperthyroidism. Tissue samples from the patients and healthy subjects were collected by fine needle biopsies, and the mRNA expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), nuclear factor (NF)‑κB, Ku70, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), early growth response 1 (Egr‑1), TP53 and ataxia telangiectasia mutated were analyzed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction prior to iodine‑131 treatment. The association of the variation of target genes with susceptibility to early‑stage hypothyroidism was analyzed. Compared with normal subjects, the mRNA expression levels of Ku70 (0.768, vs. 3.304, respectively; P<0.001) and EGFR (0.859, vs. 1.752, respectively; P<0.05) were significantly higher, whereas those of NF‑κB (0.884, vs. 0.578, respectively; P<0.05) and Bcl‑2 (1.235, vs. 0.834, respectively; P<0.05) were lower in the hyperthyroid patients. Following treatment with iodine‑131, 30 of the 59 (50.8%) patients with hyperthyroidism were diagnosed with early‑stage hypothyroidism, and in the early‑stage hypothyroidism group, the mRNA expression levels of Bcl‑2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas those of Egr‑1 (P<0.05) were significantly increased, compared with the non‑early‑stage hypothyroidism group. The association between the changes in the expression levles of Bcl‑2 and Egr‑1 and susceptibility to early‑stage hypothyroidism was supported by multivariate regression analysis. No significant changes in the expression levels of the other target genes were detected. The opposing changes in the mRNA expression levels of Bcl‑2 and Egr‑1 in patients with early‑stage hypothyroidism indicates their potential as prognostic markers of early-stage hypothyroidism induced by iodine-131 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Weixiao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Public Health, Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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19
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Cherny NI, Sullivan R, Dafni U, Kerst JM, Sobrero A, Zielinski C, de Vries EGE, Piccart MJ. A standardised, generic, validated approach to stratify the magnitude of clinical benefit that can be anticipated from anti-cancer therapies: the European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS). Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1547-73. [PMID: 26026162 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The value of any new therapeutic strategy or treatment is determined by the magnitude of its clinical benefit balanced against its cost. Evidence for clinical benefit from new treatment options is derived from clinical research, in particular phase III randomised trials, which generate unbiased data regarding the efficacy, benefit and safety of new therapeutic approaches. To date, there is no standard tool for grading the magnitude of clinical benefit of cancer therapies, which may range from trivial (median progression-free survival advantage of only a few weeks) to substantial (improved long-term survival). Indeed, in the absence of a standardised approach for grading the magnitude of clinical benefit, conclusions and recommendations derived from studies are often hotly disputed and very modest incremental advances have often been presented, discussed and promoted as major advances or 'breakthroughs'. Recognising the importance of presenting clear and unbiased statements regarding the magnitude of the clinical benefit from new therapeutic approaches derived from high-quality clinical trials, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) has developed a validated and reproducible tool to assess the magnitude of clinical benefit for cancer medicines, the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS). This tool uses a rational, structured and consistent approach to derive a relative ranking of the magnitude of clinically meaningful benefit that can be expected from a new anti-cancer treatment. The ESMO-MCBS is an important first step to the critical public policy issue of value in cancer care, helping to frame the appropriate use of limited public and personal resources to deliver cost-effective and affordable cancer care. The ESMO-MCBS will be a dynamic tool and its criteria will be revised on a regular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Cherny
- Cancer Pain and Palliative Medicine Service, Department of Medical Oncology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R Sullivan
- Kings Health Partners Integrated Cancer Centre, King's College London, Institute of Cancer Policy, London, UK
| | - U Dafni
- University of Athens and Frontiers of Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - J M Kerst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital
| | - A Sobrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Martino IST, Genova, Italy
| | - C Zielinski
- Division of Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M J Piccart
- Jules Bordet Institute, UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Yin F, Yang C, Wang Q, Zeng S, Hu R, Lin G, Tian J, Hu S, Lan RF, Yoon HS, Lu F, Wang K, Yong KT. A Light-Driven Therapy of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Using Gold Nanorods-Based Nanocarriers for Co-Delivery of Doxorubicin and siRNA. Theranostics 2015; 5:818-33. [PMID: 26000055 PMCID: PMC4440440 DOI: 10.7150/thno.11335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the engineering of polyelectrolyte polymers coated Gold nanorods (AuNRs)-based nanocarriers that are capable of co-delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) and an anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) to Panc-1 cancer cells for combination of both chemo- and siRNA-mediated mutant K-Ras gene silencing therapy. Superior anticancer efficacy was observed through synergistic combination of promoted siRNA and DOX release upon irradiating the nanoplex formulation with 665 nm light. Our antitumor study shows that the synergistic effect of AuNRs nanoplex formulation with 665 nm light treatment is able to inhibit the in vivo tumor volume growth rate by 90%. The antitumor effect is contributed from the inactivation of K-Ras gene and thereby causing a profound synthesis (S) phase arrest in treated Panc-1 cells. Our study shows that the percentage of Panc-1 cells treated by nanoplex formulation with S phase is determined to be 35% and it is 17% much higher than that of Panc-1 cells without any treatments. The developed nanotherapy formulation here, that combines chemotherapy, RNA silencing and NIR window light-mediated therapy, will be seen to be the next natural step to be taken in the clinical research for improving the therapeutic outcomes of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yin
- 1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chengbin Yang
- 1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qianqian Wang
- 3. Laboratory of Chemical Genetics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- 1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- 6. CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore, 637553
| | - Rui Hu
- 1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Guimiao Lin
- 5. The key lab of Biomedical Engineering and Research Institute of Uropoiesis and Reproduction, School of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jinglin Tian
- 5. The key lab of Biomedical Engineering and Research Institute of Uropoiesis and Reproduction, School of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Siyi Hu
- 7. School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Rong Feng Lan
- 8. Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ho Sup Yoon
- 2. Division of Structural Biology & Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- 9. Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Fei Lu
- 3. Laboratory of Chemical Genetics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kuan Wang
- 4. Nanomedicine Program and Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- 1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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21
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Diethyldithiocarbamate complexes with metals used as food supplements show different effects in cancer cells. J Appl Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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22
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Mandelblatt JS, Huang K, Makgoeng SB, Luta G, Song JX, Tallarico M, Roh JM, Munneke JR, Houlston CA, McGuckin ME, Cai L, Clarke Hillyer G, Hershman DL, Neugut AI, Isaacs C, Kushi L. Preliminary Development and Evaluation of an Algorithm to Identify Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Toxicities Using Electronic Medical Records and Administrative Data. J Oncol Pract 2014; 11:e1-8. [PMID: 25161127 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2013.001288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer chemotherapy toxicity is not well documented outside of randomized trials. We developed and conducted preliminary evaluation of an algorithm to detect grade 3 and 4 toxicities using electronic data from a large integrated managed care organization. METHODS The algorithm used administrative, pharmacy, and electronic data from outpatient, emergency room, and inpatient records of 99 women diagnosed with breast cancer from 2006 to 2009 who underwent chemotherapy. Data were abstracted for 12 months post-treatment initiation (24 months for trastuzumab recipients). An oncology nurse independently blindly reviewed records; these results were the "gold standard." Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for overall toxicity, categories of toxicities, and toxicity by age or regimen. The algorithm was applied to an independent sample of 1,575 patients with breast cancer diagnosed during the study period to estimate prevalence rates. RESULTS The overall sensitivity for detecting chemotherapy-related toxicity was 89% (95% CI, 77% to 95%). The highest sensitivity was for identification of hematologic toxicities (97%; 95% CI, 84% to 99%). There were good sensitivities for infectious toxicity, but rates dropped for GI and neurological toxicities. Specificity was high within each category (89% to 99%), but when combined to measure any toxicity, it was lower (70%; 95% CI, 57% to 81%). When applied to an independent chemotherapy sample, the algorithm estimates a 26% rate of hematologic toxicity; rates were higher among patients age ≥ 65 years versus less than 65 years. CONCLUSIONS If validated in other samples and health care settings, algorithms to capture toxicity could be useful in comparative and cost-effectiveness evaluations of community practice-delivered treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne S Mandelblatt
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Karl Huang
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Solomon B Makgoeng
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Gheorghe Luta
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jun X Song
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Michelle Tallarico
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Janise M Roh
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Julie R Munneke
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Cathie A Houlston
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Meghan E McGuckin
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ling Cai
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Grace Clarke Hillyer
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Larry Kushi
- Georgetown University Medical Center; Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA; and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY
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Pantziarka P, Bouche G, Meheus L, Sukhatme V, Sukhatme VP, Vikas P. The Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO) Project. Ecancermedicalscience 2014; 8:442. [PMID: 25075216 PMCID: PMC4096030 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2014.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO) Project seeks to repurpose well-known and well-characterised non-cancer drugs for new uses in oncology. The rationale for this project is presented, examining current issues in oncological drug development, challenges for health systems, and existing and future patient needs. In addition to discussing the advantages of repurposing, the paper also outlines some of the characteristics used in the selection of drug candidates by this project. Challenges in moving candidate drugs into clinical trial and subsequent practice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pantziarka
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium ; The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London KT1 2JP, UK
| | | | - Lydie Meheus
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | | | | | - P Vikas
- GlobalCures, Inc, Newton, MA 02459, USA ; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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24
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Bleyer A. In and Out, Good and Bad News, of Generalizability of SWOG Treatment Trial Results. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju027. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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