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Wu XY, Lee YK, Lau YM, Au KW, Tse YL, Ng KM, Wong CK, Tse HF. The Pathogenic Mechanisms of and Novel Therapies for Lamin A/C-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy Based on Patient-Specific Pluripotent Stem Cell Platforms and Animal Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1030. [PMID: 39204134 PMCID: PMC11357512 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Variants (pathogenic) of the LMNA gene are a common cause of familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is characterised by early-onset atrioventricular (AV) block, atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs), and progressive heart failure. The unstable internal nuclear lamina observed in LMNA-related DCM is a consequence of the disassembly of lamins A and C. This suggests that LMNA variants produce truncated or alternative forms of protein that alter the nuclear structure and the signalling pathway related to cardiac muscle diseases. To date, the pathogenic mechanisms and phenotypes of LMNA-related DCM have been studied using different platforms, such as patient-specific induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and transgenic mice. In this review, point variants in the LMNA gene that cause autosomal dominantly inherited forms of LMNA-related DCM are summarised. In addition, potential therapeutic targets based on preclinical studies of LMNA variants using transgenic mice and human iPSC-CMs are discussed. They include mitochondria deficiency, variants in nuclear deformation, chromatin remodelling, altered platelet-derived growth factor and ERK1/2-related pathways, and abnormal calcium handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Wu
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Yee-Ki Lee
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Yee-Man Lau
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Ka-Wing Au
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Yiu-Lam Tse
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Kwong-Man Ng
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
- Centre for Stem Cell Translational Biology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Ka Wong
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (X.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.L.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.-W.A.); (Y.-L.T.); (K.-M.N.); (C.-K.W.)
- Centre for Stem Cell Translational Biology, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Cardiac and Vascular Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
- Hong Kong-Guangdong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong and Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Gharanei M, Shafaattalab S, Sangha S, Gunawan M, Laksman Z, Hove-Madsen L, Tibbits GF. Atrial-specific hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in drug discovery and disease modeling. Methods 2021; 203:364-377. [PMID: 34144175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery and application of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been instrumental in the investigation of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Patient-specific hiPSCs can now be generated, genome-edited, and subsequently differentiated into various cell types and used for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug testing, toxicity screening, and 3D tissue generation. Modulation of the retinoic acid signaling pathway has been shown to direct cardiomyocyte differentiation towards an atrial lineage. A variety of studies have successfully differentiated patient-specific atrial cardiac myocytes (hiPSC-aCM) and atrial engineered heart tissue (aEHT) that express atrial specific genes (e.g., sarcolipin and ANP) and exhibit atrial electrophysiological and contractility profiles. Identification of protocols to differentiate atrial cells from patients with atrial fibrillation and other inherited diseases or creating disease models using genetic mutation studies has shed light on the mechanisms of atrial-specific diseases and identified the efficacy of atrial-selective pharmacological compounds. hiPSC-aCMs and aEHTs can be used in drug discovery and drug screening studies to investigate the efficacy of atrial selective drugs on atrial fibrillation models. Furthermore, hiPSC-aCMs can be effective tools in studying the mechanism, pathophysiology and treatment options of atrial fibrillation and its genetic underpinnings. The main limitation of using hiPSC-CMs is their immature phenotype compared to adult CMs. A wide range of approaches and protocols are used by various laboratories to optimize and enhance CM maturation, including electrical stimulation, culture time, biophysical cues and changes in metabolic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayel Gharanei
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Sanam Shafaattalab
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Sarabjit Sangha
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Marvin Gunawan
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, IIBB-CSIC, CIBERCV, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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3
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Meki MH, Miller JM, Mohamed TMA. Heart Slices to Model Cardiac Physiology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:617922. [PMID: 33613292 PMCID: PMC7890402 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.617922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational research in the cardiovascular field is hampered by the unavailability of cardiac models that can recapitulate organ-level physiology of the myocardium. Outside the body, cardiac tissue undergoes rapid dedifferentiation and maladaptation in culture. There is an ever-growing demand for preclinical platforms that allow for accurate, standardized, long-term, and rapid drug testing. Heart slices is an emerging technology that solves many of the problems with conventional myocardial culture systems. Heart slices are thin (<400 µm) slices of heart tissue from the adult ventricle. Several recent studies using heart slices have shown their ability to maintain the adult phenotype for prolonged periods in a multi cell-type environment. Here, we review the current status of cardiac culture systems and highlight the unique advantages offered by heart slices in the light of recent efforts in developing physiologically relevant heart slice culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa H Meki
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jessica M Miller
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Tamer M A Mohamed
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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4
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Weber N, Kowalski K, Holler T, Radocaj A, Fischer M, Thiemann S, de la Roche J, Schwanke K, Piep B, Peschel N, Krumm U, Lingk A, Wendland M, Greten S, Schmitto JD, Ismail I, Warnecke G, Zywietz U, Chichkov B, Meißner J, Haverich A, Martin U, Brenner B, Zweigerdt R, Kraft T. Advanced Single-Cell Mapping Reveals that in hESC Cardiomyocytes Contraction Kinetics and Action Potential Are Independent of Myosin Isoform. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:788-802. [PMID: 32302556 PMCID: PMC7220955 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) represent an attractive model to investigate CM function and disease mechanisms. One characteristic marker of ventricular specificity of human CMs is expression of the ventricular, slow β-myosin heavy chain (MyHC), as opposed to the atrial, fast α-MyHC. The main aim of this study was to investigate at the single-cell level whether contraction kinetics and electrical activity of hESC-CMs are influenced by the relative expression of α-MyHC versus β-MyHC. For effective assignment of functional parameters to the expression of both MyHC isoforms at protein and mRNA levels in the very same hESC-CMs, we developed a single-cell mapping technique. Surprisingly, α- versus β-MyHC was not related to specific contractile or electrophysiological properties of the same cells. The multiparametric cell-by-cell analysis suggests that in hESC-CMs the expression of genes associated with electrical activity, contraction, calcium handling, and MyHCs is independently regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Kowalski
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Holler
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ante Radocaj
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Fischer
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Thiemann
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeanne de la Roche
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristin Schwanke
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Piep
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Neele Peschel
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Uwe Krumm
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Lingk
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Wendland
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Greten
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Dieter Schmitto
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Issam Ismail
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Urs Zywietz
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Boris Chichkov
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim Meißner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brenner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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5
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Ahmed RE, Anzai T, Chanthra N, Uosaki H. A Brief Review of Current Maturation Methods for Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:178. [PMID: 32266260 PMCID: PMC7096382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the subsequent generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) was a pivotal point in regenerative medicine and cardiovascular research. They constituted an appealing tool for replacing dead and dysfunctional cardiac tissue, screening cardiac drugs and toxins, and studying inherited cardiac diseases. The problem is that these cells remain largely immature, and in order to utilize them, they must reach a functional degree of maturity. To attempt to mimic in vivo environment, various methods including prolonging culture time, co-culture and modulations of chemical, electrical, mechanical culture conditions have been tried. In addition to that, changing the topology of the culture made huge progress with the introduction of the 3D culture that closely resembles the in vivo cardiac topology and overcomes many of the limitations of the conventionally used 2D models. Nonetheless, 3D culture alone is not enough, and using a combination of these methods is being explored. In this review, we summarize the main differences between immature, fetal-like hiPSC-CMs and adult cardiomyocytes, then glance at the current approaches used to promote hiPSC-CMs maturation. In the second part, we focus on the evolving 3D culture model - it's structure, the effect on hiPSC-CMs maturation, incorporation with different maturation methods, limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Elfadil Ahmed
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Anzai
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Nawin Chanthra
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hideki Uosaki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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6
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Pooria A, Pourya A, Gheini A. Animal- and human-based evidence for the protective effects of stem cell therapy against cardiovascular disorders. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14927-14940. [PMID: 30811030 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The increasing rate of mortality and morbidity because of cardiac diseases has called for efficient therapeutic needs. With the advancement in cell-based therapies, stem cells are abundantly studied in this area. Nearly, all sources of stem cells are experimented to treat cardiac injuries. Tissue engineering has also backed this technique by providing an advantageous platform to improve stem cell therapy. After in vitro studies, primary treatment-based research studies comprise small and large animal studies. Furthermore, these studies are implemented in human models in the form of clinical trials. Purpose of this review is to highlight the animal- and human-based studies, exploiting various stem cell sources, to treat cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pooria
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Afsoun Pourya
- Student of Research committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Gheini
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
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7
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Prajapati C, Ojala M, Aalto-Setälä K. Divergent effects of adrenaline in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes obtained from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.032896. [PMID: 29361520 PMCID: PMC5894949 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited cardiac disease that affects the heart muscle with diverse clinical outcomes. HCM can cause sudden cardiac death (SCD) during or immediately after mild to rigorous physical activity in young patients. However, the mechanism causing SCD as a result of exercise remains unknown, but exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias are thought to be responsible for this fatal consequence. To understand the disease mechanism behind HCM in a better way, we generated patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from HCM patients carrying either the MYBPC3-Gln1061X or TPM1-Asp175Asn mutation. We extensively investigated the effects of low to high concentrations of adrenaline on action potential characteristics, and the occurrence of arrhythmias in the presence of various concentrations of adrenaline and in wash-out condition. We classified and quantified different types of arrhythmias observed in hiPSC-CMs, and found that the occurrence of arrhythmias was dependent on concentrations of adrenaline and positions of mutations in genes causing HCM. In addition, we observed ventricular tachycardia types of arrhythmias in hiPSC-CMs carrying the TPM1-Asp175Asn mutation. We additionally examined the antiarrhythmic potency of bisoprolol in HCM-specific hiPSC-CMs. However, bisoprolol could not reduce the occurrence of arrhythmias during administration or during the wash-out condition of adrenaline in HCM-specific hiPSC-CMs. Our study demonstrates hiPSC-CMs as a promising tool for studying HCM. The experimental design used in this study could be suitable and beneficial for studying other components and drugs related to cardiac disease in general. Summary: Different concentrations of adrenaline have divergent effects during and immediately after administration in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) obtained from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Bisoprolol could not reduce the arrhythmias in HCM-specific hiPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisa Ojala
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland .,Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.,Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
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8
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Iorga B, Schwanke K, Weber N, Wendland M, Greten S, Piep B, Dos Remedios CG, Martin U, Zweigerdt R, Kraft T, Brenner B. Differences in Contractile Function of Myofibrils within Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes vs. Adult Ventricular Myofibrils Are Related to Distinct Sarcomeric Protein Isoforms. Front Physiol 2018; 8:1111. [PMID: 29403388 PMCID: PMC5780405 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the contractile function of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) is key for advancing their utility for cellular disease models, promoting cell based heart repair, or developing novel pharmacological interventions targeting cardiac diseases. The aim of the present study was to understand whether steady-state and kinetic force parameters of β-myosin heavy chain (βMyHC) isoform-expressing myofibrils within human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) differentiated in vitro resemble those of human ventricular myofibrils (hvMFs) isolated from adult donor hearts. Contractile parameters were determined using the same micromechanical method and experimental conditions for both types of myofibrils. We identified isoforms and phosphorylation of main sarcomeric proteins involved in the modulation of force generation of both, chemically demembranated hESC-CMs (d-hESC-CMs) and hvMFs. Our results indicate that at saturating Ca2+ concentration, both human-derived contractile systems developed forces with similar rate constants (0.66 and 0.68 s−1), reaching maximum isometric force that was significantly smaller for d-hESC-CMs (42 kPa) than for hvMFs (94 kPa). At submaximal Ca2+-activation, where intact cardiomyocytes normally operate, contractile parameters of d-hESC-CMs and hvMFs exhibited differences. Ca2+ sensitivity of force was higher for d-hESC-CMs (pCa50 = 6.04) than for hvMFs (pCa50 = 5.80). At half-maximum activation, the rate constant for force redevelopment was significantly faster for d-hESC-CMs (0.51 s−1) than for hvMFs (0.28 s−1). During myofibril relaxation, kinetics of the slow force decay phase were significantly faster for d-hESC-CMs (0.26 s−1) than for hvMFs (0.21 s−1), while kinetics of the fast force decay were similar and ~20x faster. Protein analysis revealed that hESC-CMs had essentially no cardiac troponin-I, and partially non-ventricular isoforms of some other sarcomeric proteins, explaining the functional discrepancies. The sarcomeric protein isoform pattern of hESC-CMs had features of human cardiomyocytes at an early developmental stage. The study indicates that morphological and ultrastructural maturation of βMyHC isoform-expressing hESC-CMs is not necessarily accompanied by ventricular-like expression of all sarcomeric proteins. Our data suggest that hPSC-CMs could provide useful tools for investigating inherited cardiac diseases affecting contractile function during early developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Iorga
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Kristin Schwanke
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalie Weber
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Wendland
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Greten
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Piep
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Martin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brenner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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9
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Stefano GB, Bjenning C, Wang F, Wang N, Kream RM. Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:577-594. [PMID: 28551808 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms, in concert with well-characterized etiology and progression of major pathologies, plays a significant role in aberrant processes afflicting human populations. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy represents a dynamically determined co-expression of inherited polymorphisms and somatic pathology in varying ratios within individual mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes with repetitive patterns of tissue specificity. The ratios of the MtDNA genomes represent a balance between healthy and pathological cellular outcomes. Mechanistically, cardiomyopathies have profound alterations of normative mitochondrial function. Certain allele imbalances in the nuclear mitochondrial genome are associated with key energy mitochondrial proteins. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy may manifest itself at critical protein expression points, e.g., cytochrome c oxidase (COX). Pathological mtDNA mutations also are associated with the development of congestive heart failure. Interestingly, mitochondrial 'normal vs. abnormal' ratios of various heteroplasmic populations may occur in families. In the translational context of human health and disease, we discuss the need for determining critical foci to probe multiple biological roles of mitochondrial heteroplasmy in cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Stefano
- International Scientific Information, Inc., 150 Broadhollow Rd, Ste 114, Melville, NY, 11747, USA.
| | - Christina Bjenning
- Cardiometabolic Designs LLC, 160 W15th Ave, Suite 303, Sea Cliff, NY, 11579, USA
| | - Fuzhou Wang
- Division of Neuroscience, Bonoi Academy of Science & Education, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of OB/GYN, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Richard M Kream
- International Scientific Information, Inc., 150 Broadhollow Rd, Ste 114, Melville, NY, 11747, USA
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10
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Iseoka H, Miyagawa S, Fukushima S, Saito A, Masuda S, Yajima S, Ito E, Sougawa N, Takeda M, Harada A, Lee JK, Sawa Y. Pivotal Role of Non-cardiomyocytes in Electromechanical and Therapeutic Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Engineered Cardiac Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:287-300. [PMID: 28498040 PMCID: PMC5792250 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising for myocardial regenerative therapy, the appropriate ratio of cardiomyocytes to non-cardiomyocytes is not fully understood. Here, we determined whether ECT-cell content is a key determinant of its structure/function, thereby affecting ECT therapeutic potential for advanced heart failure. Scaffold-free ECTs containing different ratios (25%, 50%, 70%, or 90%) of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were generated by magnetic-activated cell sorting by using cardiac-specific markers. Notably, ECTs showed synchronized spontaneous beating when cardiomyocytes constituted ≥50% of total cells, with the electrical-conduction velocity increasing depending on cardiomyocyte ratio; however, ECTs containing 90% cardiomyocytes failed to form stable structures. ECTs containing 25% or 50% cardiomyocytes predominantly expressed collagen and fibronectin, whereas ECTs containing 70% cardiomyocytes predominantly expressed laminin and exhibited the highest contractile/relaxation properties. Furthermore, transplantation of ECTs containing 50% or 70% cardiomyocytes into a rat chronic myocardial infarction model led to a more profound functional recovery as compared with controls. Notably, transplanted ECTs showed electrical synchronization with the native heart under Langendorff perfusion. Collectively, these results indicate that the quantity of non-cardiomyocytes is critical in generating functional iPSC-derived ECTs as grafts for cardiac-regeneration therapy, with ECTs containing 50–70% cardiomyocytes exhibiting stable structures and increased cardiotherapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Iseoka
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan .,2 Terumo Corporation , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Saito
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeo Masuda
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Yajima
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Ito
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Nagako Sougawa
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Takeda
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Jong-Kook Lee
- 3 Department of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka, Japan
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11
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Pioner JM, Racca AW, Klaiman JM, Yang KC, Guan X, Pabon L, Muskheli V, Zaunbrecher R, Macadangdang J, Jeong MY, Mack DL, Childers MK, Kim DH, Tesi C, Poggesi C, Murry CE, Regnier M. Isolation and Mechanical Measurements of Myofibrils from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:885-896. [PMID: 27161364 PMCID: PMC4911495 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tension production and contractile properties are poorly characterized aspects of excitation-contraction coupling of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Previous approaches have been limited due to the small size and structural immaturity of early-stage hiPSC-CMs. We developed a substrate nanopatterning approach to produce hiPSC-CMs in culture with adult-like dimensions, T-tubule-like structures, and aligned myofibrils. We then isolated myofibrils from hiPSC-CMs and measured the tension and kinetics of activation and relaxation using a custom-built apparatus with fast solution switching. The contractile properties and ultrastructure of myofibrils more closely resembled human fetal myofibrils of similar gestational age than adult preparations. We also demonstrated the ability to study the development of contractile dysfunction of myofibrils from a patient-derived hiPSC-CM cell line carrying the familial cardiomyopathy MYH7 mutation (E848G). These methods can bring new insights to understanding cardiomyocyte maturation and developmental mechanical dysfunction of hiPSC-CMs with cardiomyopathic mutations. The contractile properties of hiPSC-CM myofibrils have not been previously studied hiPSC-CMs cultured on nanopatterned surfaces develop elongated, aligned myofibrils hiPSC-CMs myofibrils have contractile properties similar to human fetal myofibrils hiPSC-CMs can be used to study development of genetically based cardiac diseases
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Affiliation(s)
- Josè Manuel Pioner
- Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 63, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alice W Racca
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jordan M Klaiman
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kai-Chun Yang
- Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xuan Guan
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lil Pabon
- Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark Y Jeong
- Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80262, USA
| | - David L Mack
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Martin K Childers
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Chiara Tesi
- Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 63, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Corrado Poggesi
- Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 63, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Charles E Murry
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael Regnier
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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12
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Youm JB. Electrophysiological properties and calcium handling of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Integr Med Res 2016; 5:3-10. [PMID: 28462091 PMCID: PMC5381424 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs) hold great interest in many fields of research including clinical applications such as stem cell and gene therapy for cardiac repair or regeneration. ESC-CMs are also used as a platform tool for pharmacological tests or for investigations of cardiac remodeling. ESC-CMs have many different aspects of morphology, electrophysiology, calcium handling, and bioenergetics compared with adult cardiomyocytes. They are immature in morphology, similar to sinus nodal-like in the electrophysiology, higher contribution of trans-sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx to Ca2+ handling, and higher dependence on anaerobic glycolysis. Here, I review a detailed electrophysiology and Ca2+ handling features of ESC-CMs during differentiation into adult cardiomyocytes to gain insights into how all the developmental changes are related to each other to display cardinal features of developing cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Boum Youm
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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13
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Khalil F, Lüpken R, Läer S, Bernstein D. Innovative tools in the individualized medical therapy for children with heart muscle disease. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Bernstein D, Burridge P. Patient-Specific Pluripotent Stem Cells in Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity: A New Window Into Personalized Medicine. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2014; 37:23-27. [PMID: 25530693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bernstein
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University
| | - Paul Burridge
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University
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