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Chen G, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Huo Y, Ge W, Yang H. A combined approach of lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride and kojic acid in mitigating fresh-cut potato deterioration. Food Chem 2024; 450:139392. [PMID: 38640546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The combinational effects of kojic acid and lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride (ELAH) on fresh-cut potatoes were investigated. Kojic acid of 0.6% (w/w) effectively inhibited the browning of fresh-cut potatoes and displayed antimicrobial capacity. The color difference value of samples was decreased from 175 to 26 by kojic acid. In contrast, ELAH could not effectively bind with the active sites of tyrosinase and catechol oxidase at molecular level. Although 0.5% (w/w) of ELAH prominently inhibited the microbial growth, it promoted the browning of samples. However, combining kojic acid and ELAH effectively inhibited the browning of samples and microbial growth during the storage and the color difference value of samples was decreased to 52. This amount of kojic acid inhibited enzyme activities toward phenolic compounds. The results indicated that combination of kojic acid and ELAH could provide a potential strategy to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yanrong Huo
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wanying Ge
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Huqing Yang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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2
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Hassanuddin NA, Normaya E, Ismail H, Iqbal A, Piah MBM, Abd Hamid S, Ahmad MN. Methyl 4-pyridyl ketone thiosemicarbazone (4-PT) as an effective and safe inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase and antibrowning agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128229. [PMID: 37981274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic browning is of concern as it can affect food safety and quality. In this study, an effective and safe tyrosinase inhibitor and anti-browning agent, methyl 4-pyridyl ketone thiosemicarbazone (4-PT), was synthesised and characterised using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, CHNS elemental analysis, and proton (1H) and carbon-13 (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The vibrational frequencies of 4-PT were studied theoretically using vibrational energy distribution analysis (VEDA). Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to elucidate its chemical properties, including the Mulliken atomic charges, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and reduced density gradient non-covalent interactions (RDG-NCIs). Moreover, 4-PT was compared with kojic acid in terms of its effectiveness as a tyrosinase inhibitor and anti-browning agent. The toxicity and physicochemical properties of 4-PT were predicted via ADME evaluation, which proved that 4-PT is safer than kojic acid. Experimentally, 4-PT (IC50 = 5.82 μM, browning index (10 days) = 0.292 ± 0.002) was proven to be an effective tyrosinase inhibitor and anti-browning agent compared to kojic acid (IC50 = 128.17 μM, browning index (10 days) = 0.332 ± 0.002). Furthermore, kinetic analyses indicated that the type of tyrosinase inhibition is a mixed inhibition, with Km and Vmax values of 0.85 mM and 2.78 E-09 μM/s, respectively. Finally, the mechanism of 4-PT for tyrosinase inhibition was proven by 1D, second derivative and 2D IR spectroscopy, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amanina Hassanuddin
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Lab (ETRL), Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, IIUM, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Erna Normaya
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Lab (ETRL), Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, IIUM, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; Sustainable Nanotechnology and Computational Modelling (SuNCoM) Research Group, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hakimah Ismail
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Lab (ETRL), Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, IIUM, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- School of Chemical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Bijarimi Mat Piah
- Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Shafida Abd Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, IIUM, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Lab (ETRL), Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, IIUM, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; Sustainable Nanotechnology and Computational Modelling (SuNCoM) Research Group, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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3
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Beaumet M, Lazinski LM, Maresca M, Haudecoeur R. Catechol-mimicking transition-state analogues as non-oxidizable inhibitors of tyrosinases. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115672. [PMID: 37487307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinases are copper-containing metalloenzymes involved in several processes in both mammals, insects, bacteria, fungi and plants. Their phenol oxidation properties are especially responsible for human melanogenesis, potentially leading to abnormal pigmentation, and for postharvest vegetable tissue browning. Thus, targeting tyrosinases attracts interest for applications both in dermocosmetic and agrofood fields. However, a large part of the literature about tyrosinase inhibitors is dedicated to the report of copper-interacting phenolic compounds, that are more likely alternative substrates leading to undesirable toxic quinones production. To circumvent this issue, the use of catechol-mimicking copper-chelating groups that are analogues of the tyrosinase oxidation transition state appears as a valuable strategy. Relying on several non-oxidizable pyridinone, pyrone or tropolone moieties, innovative inhibitors were developed, especially within the past decade, and the best reported analogues reached IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Herein, we review the design, the activity against several tyrosinases, and the proposed binding modes of reported catechol-mimicking, non-oxidizable molecules, in light of recent structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morane Beaumet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013, Marseille, France
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4
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He M, Fan M, Yang W, Peng Z, Wang G. Novel kojic acid-1,2,4-triazine hybrids as anti-tyrosinase agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, mode of action, and anti-browning studies. Food Chem 2023; 419:136047. [PMID: 37018861 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
A class of new kojic acid hybrids (7a-7o) bearing a 1,2,4-triazine moiety were prepared, and their inhibitory activities and mechanism on tyrosinase were investigated. All derivatives showed good to excellent anti-tyrosinase activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.34 ± 0.06 μM to 8.44 ± 0.73 μM. In kinetic study, compound 7m was a mixed-type inhibitor with Ki and Kis of 0.73 and 1.27 μM, respectively. The interaction mechanism toward tyrosinase of compound 7m was further elaborated in combination with molecular docking and various spectral techniques. The results showed that compound 7m could change the secondary structure of tyrosinase to reduce its catalytic activity. Anti-browning assays demonstrated that 7m inhibited the browning of bananas effectively during storage. What's more, 7m was found to have low cytotoxicity in vitro. In conclusion, compound 7m has the potential to be applied as an anti-browning agent.
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5
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Wen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Pan Q, Bai Q, Zhu D, Chai W. Inhibition of albendazole and 2-(2-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole against tyrosinase: mechanism, structure-activity relationship, and anti-browning effect. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2824-2837. [PMID: 36641547 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosinase is the key enzyme involved in enzymatic browning of plant-derived foods. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity contributes to the control of food browning. Due to safety regulations or other issues, most identified tyrosinase inhibitors are not suitable for practical use. Therefore, it is necessary to search for novel tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, the anti-tyrosinase activity and mechanism of albendazole and 2-(2-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole (2-2-A-1HB) were investigated through ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectra, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The anti-browning effect of albendazole on fresh-cut apples was then elucidated. RESULTS Albendazole and 2-2-A-1HB were both efficient tyrosinase inhibitors with IC50 of 51 ± 1.5 and 128 ± 1.3 μmol L-1 , respectively. Albendazole suppressed tyrosinase non-competitively and formed tyrosinase-albendazole complex statically. Hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction were major driving forces in stabilizing the tyrosinase-albendazole complex. While 2-2-A-1HB inhibited the enzyme competitively and quenched its intrinsic fluorescence through a static mechanism, it generated strong binding affinity with tyrosinase through hydrophobic interaction. MD simulations further validated that albendazole/2-2-A-1HB could form stable complexes with tyrosinase and loosened its basic framework structure, leading to a change in secondary structure and conformation. In addition, albendazole could delay the browning of fresh-cut apples by inhibiting the activity of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and reducing the oxidation of phenolic compounds. CONCLUSION This research might provide a deep view of tyrosinase inhibition by benzimidazole derivatives and a theoretical basis for developing albendazole as a potential fresh-keeping agent. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wen
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuxia Pan
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuhan Bai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Du Zhu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiming Chai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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6
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Goenka S, Simon SR. Comparative study of doxycycline, sancycline, and 4-dedimethylamino sancycline (CMT-3) on epidermal melanogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:249-257. [PMID: 34751807 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-021-02297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Melanogenesis is regulated by melanocytes, which synthesize the pigment melanin inside melanosomes; these melanosomes are exported through dendritic extensions to adjacent keratinocytes and result in skin coloration. Chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) are nonantimicrobial tetracyclines that retain the capacity to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and have shown several biological benefits; in particular, CMT-3 [(4-dedimethylamino sancycline (SAN)] has emerged as a candidate for therapeutic benefits in our previous studies. However, to date, studies of the effects of CMT-3 or SAN on melanogenesis are lacking. We have previously reported the anti-melanogenic activity of CMT-308 (the 9-amino derivative of CMT-3). Herein, we have compared the three tetracycline analogs, doxycycline (DOX), SAN, and CMT-3, for their effects on melanogenesis using B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and have validated results in primary human melanocytes (HEMn-DP). DOX did not show any significant effects on intracellular melanin or melanosome export in DP cells while SAN was cytotoxic at high doses but without effects on melanogenesis at lower doses. However, CMT-3 showed a robust suppression of dendricity parameters (dendrite number, dendrite length, and proportion of dendritic cells) in DP cells which was associated, at least in part, with a significant reduction of intracellular tyrosinase activity. In spite of its inhibition of tyrosinase activity, CMT-3 had no significant effects on intracellular melanin levels, suggesting that it selectively targets melanosome export. Our results demonstrate a unique structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the effects of these compounds on melanogenesis and support the conclusion that removal of the 4-dimethylamino moiety confers the selective capacity to suppress melanosome export. Collectively, these results indicate that CMT-3 might be a candidate for diminishing hyperpigmentation skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Goenka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5281, USA.
| | - Sanford R Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5281, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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7
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Amaral LM, Moniz T, Leite A, Oliveira A, Fernandes P, Ramos MJ, Araújo AN, Freitas M, Fernandes E, Rangel M. A combined experimental and computational study to discover novel tyrosinase inhibitors. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 234:111879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Zhu YZ, Chen K, Chen YL, Zhang C, Xie YY, Hider RC, Zhou T. Design and synthesis of novel stilbene-hydroxypyridinone hybrids as tyrosinase inhibitors and their application in the anti-browning of freshly-cut apples. Food Chem 2022; 385:132730. [PMID: 35318180 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop the tyrosinase inhibitors with potential application in food industry, a series of stilbene-hydroxypyridinone hybrids were prepared. Among these compounds, 1h was found to possess the most potent tyrosinase inhibitory effect on both monophenolase and diphenolase activities, with IC50 values of 2.72 μM and 15.86 μM, respectively. The inhibitory effect of 1h on monophenolase activity was 4.6 times that of kojic acid. An inhibition kinetic assay indicated that 1h was a mixed-type and reversible inhibitor. The copper-binding and reducing ability assays, molecular docking study, intrinsic and ANS-binding fluorescence assays indicated that copper coordination and reduction is likely to be the causative mechanism for 1h-induced inhibition on tyrosinase. The results of color measurement and browning index determination indicated that treatment with 1h retarded effectively the browning of freshly-cut apples during their storage. Meanwhile, PPO and POD activities in apple slices were found to be effectively inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Changjun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Robert C Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China.
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9
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Xia W, Chen K, Zhu YZ, Zhang CJ, Chen YL, Wang F, Xie YY, Hider RC, Zhou T. Antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity of a novel stilbene analogue as an anti-browning agent. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3817-3825. [PMID: 34923627 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosinase inhibitors find potential application in food, cosmetic and medicinal products, but most of the identified tyrosinase inhibitors are not suitable for practical use because of safety regulations or other problems. For the purpose of development of novel tyrosinase inhibitors that meet the requirement for practical application, a novel stilbene analogue (SA) was designed. RESULTS SA was found to possess a potent inhibitory effect against both mono- and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase, with IC50 values of 1.56 and 7.15 μmol L-1 , respectively. Compared with a natural tyrosinase inhibitor - kojic acid - the anti-tyrosinase effect of SA was significantly improved. Analysis of inhibition kinetics indicated that SA was a reversible and competitive-noncompetitive mixed-type inhibitor. SA was also found to possess more potent antioxidant activities (DPPH, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability) than those of kojic acid. Cell viability studies revealed that SA was non-toxic to two cell lines. Furthermore, an anti-browning test demonstrated that SA effectively delayed the blackening of shrimp. CONCLUSION SA has potential as an anti-browning agent in foods. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chang-Jun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Robert C Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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10
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Gao F, Xie W, Zhang H, Li S, Li T. Molecular Mechanisms of Browning Process Encountered in Morels (Morchella sextelata) During Storage. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Synthesis and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of (E)-5-Benzyl-7- (3-Bromobenzylidene)-3-(3-Bromophenyl)-2-Phenyl-3,3a, 4,5,6,7-Hexahydro-2H-Pyrazolo[4,3-c]Pyridine. JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI 2022. [DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.5.185-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tyrosinase enzyme plays an essential role in the pigmentation of human skin, fruits, and vegetables. It has been tied with several human skin diseases and post-harvest problems. Hence, the tyrosinase enzyme becomes an excellent therapeutic target to overcome these issues. This study aimed to screen tyrosinase inhibitors by synthesizing halogen-substituted pyrazolopyridine derivatives. The pyrazolopyridine compound was obtained through two stages of synthesis. First, the intermediate compound, a derivative of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone, was synthesized through the Cleisen-Schmidt condensation reaction of 4-piperidone and benzaldehyde derivatives. Furthermore, the intermediate compound was reacted with phenylhydrazine through a cyclocondensation reaction to produce the titled compound with an 11% yield. The chemical structure of the target compound was identified through the interpretation of UV, FTIR, NMR, and HRMS spectra. Then an in vitro assay was conducted on the tyrosinase enzyme of the fungus Agaricus bisporus by detecting the presence of dopachrome at a wavelength of 492 nm. As a result, the in vitro assay showed that the titled compound had a weak inhibitory activity, and the IC50 value was > 500 µM. Thus, the synthesized compound is considered inactive.
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12
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Hydroxypyridinone-Based Metal Chelators towards Ecotoxicity: Remediation and Biological Mechanisms. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061966. [PMID: 35335329 PMCID: PMC8950932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypyridinones (HPs) are recognized as excellent chemical tools for engineering a diversity of metal chelating agents, with high affinity for hard metal ions, exhibiting a broad range of activities and applications, namely in medical, biological and environmental contexts. They are easily made and functionalizable towards the tuning of their pharmacokinetic properties or the improving of their metal complex thermodynamic stabilities. In this review, an analysis of the recently published works on hydroxypyridinone-based ligands, that have been mostly addressed for environmental applications, namely for remediation of hard metal ion ecotoxicity in living beings and other biological matrices is carried out. In particular, herein the most recent developments in the design of new chelating systems, from bidentate mono-HP to polydentate multi-HP derivatives, with a structural diversity of soluble or solid-supported backbones are outlined. Along with the ligand design, an analysis of the relationship between their structures and activities is presented and discussed, namely associated with the metal affinity and the thermodynamic stability of the corresponding metal complexes.
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13
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Xia W, Chakka VP, Chen K, Wang F, Xie YY, Hider RC, Zhou T. A Novel Stilbene Analogue: Antioxidant Activity and Application in Controlling the Quality and Bacterial Growth of Shrimp Refrigerated at 4ºC. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.2024636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Vara Prasad Chakka
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P R China
| | - Robert C. Hider
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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14
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Peng Z, Li Y, Tan L, Chen L, Shi Q, Zeng QH, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. Anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids and their application in preservation of fresh-cut apples and shrimps. Food Chem 2022; 378:132127. [PMID: 35033723 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A series of gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Thereinto, compounds 5d and 5f potently inhibited tyrosinase with IC50 of 15.3 and 3.3 μM, compared to kojic acid (44.4 μM). The inhibition mechanism suggested that 5d and 5f not only chelated with Cu2+, but also reduced Cu2+ to Cu1+ in the tyrosinase active site. Additionally, 5d and 5f exhibited strong DPPH scavenging and antibacterial activities against Vibrio parahaemolyticu and Staphylococcus aureus, which can be attributed to the function of gallic acid and hydrazone moiety. These compounds also exhibited capacity to preserve fresh-cut apples and shrimps. Finally, 5d and 5f exhibited low cytotoxic activity in a human cell line (HEK293). Therefore, these compounds possess anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities, and can be used in the development of novel food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lijun Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiandai Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China.
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15
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Food spoilage, bioactive food fresh-keeping films and functional edible coatings: Research status, existing problems and development trend. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Quality Deterioration of Button Mushrooms and the Interaction with Ethylene. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Obaid RJ, Mughal EU, Naeem N, Sadiq A, Alsantali RI, Jassas RS, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Natural and synthetic flavonoid derivatives as new potential tyrosinase inhibitors: a systematic review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22159-22198. [PMID: 35480807 PMCID: PMC9034236 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multifunctional glycosylated and copper-containing oxidase that is highly prevalent in plants and animals and plays a pivotal role in catalyzing the two key steps of melanogenesis: tyrosine's hydroxylation to dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), and oxidation of the latter species to dopaquinone. Melanin guards against the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation which is known to produce considerable pathological disorders such as skin cancer, among others. Moreover, the overproduction of melanin can create aesthetic problems along with serious disorders linked to hyperpigmented spots or patches on skin. Several skin-whitening products which reduce melanogenesis activity and alleviate hyperpigmentation are commercially available. A few of them, particularly those obtained from natural sources and that incorporate a phenolic scaffold, have been exploited in the cosmetic industry. In this context, synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors (TIs) with elevated efficacy and fewer side effects are direly needed in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries owing to their protective effect against pigmentation and dermatological disorders. Furthermore, the biological significance of the chromone skeleton and its associated medicinal and bioactive properties has drawn immense interest and inspired many researchers to design and develop novel anti-tyrosinase agents based on the flavonoid core (2-arylchromone). This review article is oriented to provide an insight and a deeper understanding of the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of an array of natural and bioinspired phenolic compounds with special emphasis on flavonoids to demonstrate how the position of ring substituents and their interaction with tyrosinase could be correlated with their effectiveness or lack thereof against inhibiting the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami J Obaid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat-50700 Pakistan
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot-51300 Pakistan
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Taif University 888-Taif Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University P. O. Box 15551, Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
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18
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Yu Q, Fan L. Antityrosinase and antioxidant activity of asparagus and its inhibition on B16F10 melanoma cells before and after hydrothermal treatment. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Antioxidative Capacity, Xanthine Oxidase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides (BPs) released by proteases from different food protein sources are often served as antioxidants in food applications. This study aims to investigate 11 BPs derived from fish and egg white as potential natural antioxidants by antioxidant activity assays. The kinetic activity of the BPs against xanthine oxidase (XOD) and tyrosinase was also analyzed. The antioxidative capacity of the BPs indicated that VWWW (VW4, mackerel meat), followed by IRW (IW3, egg white) and VKAGFAWTANQQLS (VS14, tuna backbone protein), possessed the highest antioxidant activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and reducing power (RP) assays. Both the free-radical scavenging score predicted from the AnOxPePred algorithm and the DPPH, ABTS and RP results indicated that VW4 was the best antioxidant. Furthermore, the XOD and tyrosinase inhibition by three selected peptides exhibited competitive patterns of effective inhibition. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the peptides for XOD inhibition were 5.310, 3.935, and 1.804 mM for VW4, IW3, and VS14, respectively, and they could serve as competitive natural XOD inhibitors. The IC50 of the peptides for tyrosinase inhibition were 1.254, 2.895, and 0.595 mM for VW4, IW3, and VS14, respectively. Overall, VW4, IW3, and VS14 are potential antioxidants and natural XOD inhibitors for preventing milk-fat oxidation, and anti-browning sources for inhibiting food-derived tyrosinase oxidation.
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20
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Singh LR, Chen YL, Xie YY, Xia W, Gong XW, Hider RC, Zhou T. Functionality study of chalcone-hydroxypyridinone hybrids as tyrosinase inhibitors and influence on anti-tyrosinase activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1562-1567. [PMID: 32746652 PMCID: PMC7470021 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1801669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to synthesise new tyrosinase inhibitors, we designed and synthesised a series of chalcone-hydroxypyridinone hybrids as potential tyrosinase inhibitors adopting strategic modifications of kojic acid. All the newly synthesised compounds were characterised by NMR and mass spectrometry. Initial screening of the target compounds demonstrated that compounds 1a, 1d, and 1n had relatively strong inhibitory activities against tyrosinase monophenolase, with IC50 values of 3.07 ± 0.85, 2.25 ± 0.8 and 2.75 ± 1.19 μM, respectively. The inhibitory activity against monophenolase was 6- to 8-fold higher than that of kojic acid. Compounds 1a, 1d, and 1n also showed inhibition of diphenolase, with IC50 values of 17.05 ± 0.07, 11.70 ± 0.03 and 19.3 ± 0.28 μM, respectively. The inhibition kinetics of diphenolase indicates that compounds 1a and 1d induce reversible inhibition on tyrosinase. Finally, we found that copper coordination should be one of the important inhibitory mechanism of these compounds in tyrosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ravithej Singh
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xing-Wen Gong
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Robert C Hider
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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21
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In Vitro Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidant Properties, Cytotoxicity, and LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS Profile of Extracts from the Halophyte Lotus creticus L. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The halophyte Lotus creticus L. (creta trefoil, Fabaceae) belongs to a family and genus containing several medicinal species, and is considered a promising crop for saline Mediterranean areas. However, to the best of our knowledge, information regarding the biological properties of this species that could increase its biotechnological value is particularly scarce. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the potential use of creta trefoil collected in Southern Portugal (Algarve) as a source of bioactive products. Methods: Food-grade extracts (water, acetone, ethanol) were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction from aerial parts (stems and leaves) and fruits (pods), and evaluated for acute toxicity on mammalian cells. In vitro enzymatic inhibition was appraised on enzymes related to neurodegeneration (acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase: AChE and BuChE), type-2 diabetes (T2DM, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase), and hyperpigmentation/food browning (tyrosinase). In vitro, antioxidant activity included radical scavenging towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating activity on iron and copper. Chemical composition was established by liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS). Results: Samples were not toxic and were active towards AChE (especially acetone extracts) and BuChE (particularly ethanol and acetone fruits’ extracts). Acetone and water fruit extracts and ethanol extract from aerial organs displayed significant inhibition on α-glucosidase, but low capacity towards amylase. All extracts exhibited a high capacity to inhibit tyrosinase, except water extract from aerial organs. Fruit extracts had, in general, the highest antioxidant capacity, especially ethanol. Fruits exhibited the highest diversity of polyphenols, especially flavonols, catechins, quercetin, myricetin, and its derivatives. Conclusions: Overall, our results suggested that creta trefoil should be further explored as a source of natural products for the management of T2DM, hyperpigmentation disorders, or food additive to prevent food oxidation and browning.
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22
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Zhang Y, Fu X, Yan Y, Liu J. Microwave‐assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of new thiazolylhydrazone derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangting Yan
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbing Liu
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
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23
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Han Y, Cheng JH, Sun DW. Activities and conformation changes of food enzymes induced by cold plasma: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 59:794-811. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1555131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hu Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
- Agriculture and Food Science Centre, Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology University College Dublin National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Shao LL, Zhou JM, Zhu Q, Wang XL, Hider RC, Zhou T. Enzymatic characteristics of polyphenoloxidase from shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei) and its inhibition by a novel hydroxypyridinone derivative. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1047-1055. [PMID: 31275704 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-00544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanosis developed in shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) is mainly initiated by polyphenoloxidase (PPO), thus understanding of the characteristics of PPO in shrimp is important for controlling the melanosis of shrimp. The shrimp cephalothorax turns black most rapidly amongst all the tissues during the chilled storage. Crude PPO extracted from this cephalothorax has an optimal pH of 6.0 and an optimal temperature of 50 °C. PPO is relatively stable under neutral and weak alkaline conditions (pH 5.5-9.0) and the temperature range of 25-35 °C. The kinetic parameters K m and V max were recorded as 3.02 mM and 54.3 U/mg of protein, respectively, using L-Dopa as a substrate. The molecular weight of PPO was estimated as 200-220 kDa by an activity staining test. A hydroxypyridinone derivative, 5-hydroxy-1-octyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carbaldehyde O-ethyl oxime, was demonstrated to efficiently inhibit the PPO, indicating that this compound might find application as a shrimp preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Shao
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Min Zhou
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhu
- 2Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- 3Faulty of Food Science, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, 888 East of Yinxian Road, Ningbo, 315100 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Robert C Hider
- 4Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
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25
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Chen K, Shao LL, Huo YF, Zhou JM, Zhu Q, Hider RC, Zhou T. Antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of a hydroxypyridinone derivative containing an oxime ether moiety and its application in shrimp preservation. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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YUNIARTI TATTY, SUKARNO SUKARNO, YULIANA NANCYDEWI, BUDIJANTO SLAMET. Inhibition of Enzymatic Browning by Onion (Allium cepa L.): Investigation on Inhibitory Mechanism and Identification of Active Compounds. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.6.3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Presence of browning or black-spot in fresh foods can adversely affect consumer acceptance. Onion has been reported to exert inhibitory activity against browning reaction. This research aimed to uncover the mechanism and identify active compounds in onion responsible for PPO inhibitors based on metabolomic approach. Onion was fractioned using different solvents, i.e n-hexane; chloroform; ethyl acetate; water, respectively. As a result, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of the onion demonstrated the strongest inhibition to PPO in comparison with other fractions, i.e. n-hexane, chloroform, and water. The reversible inhibitory activity of PPO by EAF occurred with presence of L-DOPA as substrate through competitive inhibition and Cu chelation in the active side of the PPO. Based on 1H-NMR (X) score plot and PPO inhibition (Y) using OPLS, NMR signals revealed that active compounds accounting for inhibition of PPO included quercetin, kaempferol, cyanidin 3.4’-di-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 7-O-(3”-O-glucosyl-6”-O-malonyl-β-glucopyrano-side)-4’-O-β-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-(6”-O-malonyl) laminaribioside’.
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Affiliation(s)
- TATTY YUNIARTI
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - SUKARNO SUKARNO
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - NANCY DEWI YULIANA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - SLAMET BUDIJANTO
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
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27
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Sok V, Fragoso A. Kinetic, spectroscopic and computational docking study of the inhibitory effect of the pesticides 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D and glyphosate on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:427-434. [PMID: 29944937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, glyphosate and paraquat on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase for oxidation of L-DOPA has been investigated by kinetic measurements, fluorescence spectroscopy and computational docking analysis. 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D inhibit the diphenolase activity of the enzyme following a competitive mechanism, while glyphosate is a mixed inhibitor according to Lineweaver-Burk kinetic analysis. The inhibitory activity follows the order glyphosate >2,4,5-T > 2,4-D with IC50 values of 65, 90 and 106 μM, respectively. Intrinsic tyrosinase fluorescence quenching and computational docking analysis suggest that 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D interact with the active site of the enzyme through hydrophobic interactions, while glyphosate also interacts with external residues of the active site of the enzyme by hydrogen bonding and hydrophilic interactions inducing conformational changes in the protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibol Sok
- Nanobiotechnology & Bioanalysis Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alex Fragoso
- Nanobiotechnology & Bioanalysis Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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28
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Yu SW, Zhao SH, Chen H, Xu XY, Yuan WC, Zhang XM. Construction of Novel Kojic Acid Fused Furans by Domino Reactions of a Kojic Acid Derivative with (Z
)-Bromonitroalkenes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Si-Han Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
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