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Hayashi K, Fang X, Ueda H, Miwa A, Naka T, Tsuchiya H. Bone Regeneration Using Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheroid Complex. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects require reconstruction using various biomaterials or non-biological materials. Stem cell spheroids can be used for scaffold-free approaches for osteogenesis. We set up a culture method for creating an optimal osteogenic adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) spheroid complex
by measuring the expression of protein in a sequential series of culture media. After culturing ADSC spheroids for 24 hours in DMEM, the spheroids were cultured in ascorbic acid-containing medium for five days followed by osteoblast differentiation medium. One day after exchanging to osteoblast
differentiation medium, spheroids were collected and cultured for four days to obtain a spheroid complex. Each culture period was determined by analyzing the expression of collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase and integrin α5 to maximize the activity of ADSC spheroids. The expression
of collagen type I increased significantly in ascorbic acid-containing medium (p < 0.05) compared with control medium on day five, suggesting that culturing spheroids in ascorbic acid increases collagen synthesis. RNA was extracted from ADSC spheroids after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days in
each medium and RT-PCR was performed to measure integrin α5 expression. The expression was transiently high on the first day of osteoblast differentiation culture and then gradually decreased. Osteoblast differentiation medium enhanced cell adhesion in spheroids. An in vivo
study confirmed the osteogenic potential of the ADSC spheroid complex created by the established protocol. The ADSC spheroid complex stimulated bone regeneration and will be applied to the treatment of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Xang Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Shibuya Corporation, Ko-58 Mameda-Honmachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8681, Japan
| | - Akihiro Miwa
- Shibuya Corporation, Ko-58 Mameda-Honmachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8681, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Naka
- Shibuya Corporation, Ko-58 Mameda-Honmachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8681, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Peláez P, Damiá E, Torres-Torrillas M, Chicharro D, Cuervo B, Miguel L, del Romero A, Carrillo JM, Sopena JJ, Rubio M. Cell and Cell Free Therapies in Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1726. [PMID: 34829953 PMCID: PMC8615373 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common articular disease in adults and has a current prevalence of 12% in the population over 65 years old. This chronic disease causes damage to articular cartilage and synovial joints, causing pain and leading to a negative impact on patients' function, decreasing quality of life. There are many limitations regarding OA conventional therapies-pharmacological therapy can cause gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiac adverse effects, and some of them could even be a threat to life. On the other hand, surgical options, such as microfracture, have been used for the last 20 years, but hyaline cartilage has a limited regeneration capacity. In recent years, the interest in new therapies, such as cell-based and cell-free therapies, has been considerably increasing. The purpose of this review is to describe and compare bioregenerative therapies' efficacy for OA, with particular emphasis on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In OA, these therapies might be an alternative and less invasive treatment than surgery, and a more effective option than conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Damiá
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Miguel
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ayla del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín J. Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
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Facilitatory effects of artificial nerve filled with adipose-derived stem cell sheets on peripheral nerve regeneration: An experimental study. J Orthop Sci 2021; 26:1113-1118. [PMID: 33248872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated how artificial nerves filled with adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets could facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration. METHODS We prepared ADSC sheets following previously described protocols. We transected the sciatic nerve in 12-week-old Wistar rats, fixed the nerve ends to the artificial conduit, and prepared three groups: (1) conduits alone (control group); (2) conduits filled with ADSCs (ADSCs group), and (3) conduits filled with ADSC sheets (ADSC sheet group). We assessed the subjects 4 and 12 weeks post-transplantation (n = 24). We investigated βIII-tubulin and anti-S100 expression at 4 and 12 weeks post-transplantation, in longitudinal- and cross-sections of the central portion in the regenerated tissues. The vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and neuregulin-1 expressions were analyzed using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). We evaluated the tibialis anterior muscle wet weight (affected/healthy sides, %) and sciatic function index (SFI) 12 weeks post-transplantation. RESULTS The ADSC sheet group comprised more S100-positive cells than the other groups. The regenerated axon length in the ADSC sheet group was markedly the longest among the studied groups. The immunostaining revealed a positive area in the regenerated tissue center in all groups, tending to be the largest in the ADSC sheet group. The muscle wet weight indicated that the ADSC sheet group exhibited significantly higher weight than the control. The mean SFI showed that the ADSC sheet group exhibited significantly better results than the control. The VEGFA expression was higher both in the ADSC and the ADSC sheet group than in the control. The neuregulin-1 expression was higher both in the ADSC and the ADSC sheet group than in the control. CONCLUSIONS The ADSC sheets could potentially support transplanting an adequate number of ADSCs at the target site. Compared with the conventional method of attaching ADSCs, the use of ADSC sheets promotes accelerated nerve regeneration.
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Abstract
Autologous cancellous bone (ACB) grafting is the "gold standard" treatment for delayed bone union. However, small animal models for such grafts are lacking. Here, we developed an ACB graft rat model. Anatomical information regarding the iliac structure was recorded from five rat cadavers (10 ilia). Additionally, 5 and 25 rats were used as controls and ACB graft models, respectively. A defect was created in rat femurs and filled with ACB. Post-graft neo-osteogenic potential was assessed by radiographic evaluation and histological analysis. Iliac bone harvesting yielded the maximum amount of cancellous bone with minimal invasiveness, considering the position of parailiac nerves and vessels. The mean volume of cancellous bone per rat separated from the cortical bone was 73.8 ± 5.5 mm3. Bone union was evident in all ACB graft groups at 8 weeks, and new bone volume significantly increased every 2 weeks (P < 0.001). Histological analysis demonstrated the ability of ACB grafts to act as a scaffold and promote bone union in the defect. In conclusion, we established a stable rat model of ACB grafts by harvesting the iliac bone. This model can aid in investigating ACB grafts and development of novel therapies for bone injury.
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Mandibular bone regeneration with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and coralline hydroxyapatite: experimental study in rats. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:1192-1199. [PMID: 34663526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the bone regeneration effect of autologous adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSC) in a small animal model. Twelve Wistar rats were given bilateral critical-size defects in the mandible. The defects were filled with coralline hydroxyapatite alone or combined with autologous undifferentiated ATMSC obtained from the dorsal fat pad. Studies were conducted at three and six weeks. Descriptive histology and histomorphometry revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increased bone regeneration values in the cell-treated defects at both three and six weeks. ATMSC promoted the formation of new bone in the central areas of the defects and in the scaffold micropores, both in a higher state of maturation. Autologous undifferentiated ATMSC enhanced bony healing of mandibular critical-size defects in rats when implanted with a coralline hydroxyapatite scaffold.
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Kamenaga T, Kuroda Y, Nagai K, Tsubosaka M, Takashima Y, Kikuchi K, Fujita M, Ikuta K, Anjiki K, Maeda T, Nakano N, Takayama K, Hashimoto S, Hayashi S, Matsushita T, Niikura T, Kuroda R, Matsumoto T. Cryopreserved human adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction maintains fracture healing potential via angiogenesis and osteogenesis in an immunodeficient rat model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:110. [PMID: 33541427 PMCID: PMC7863470 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel therapeutic strategies for the healing of nonunion, which has serious effects on the quality of life of patients, are needed. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of local transplantation of human stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells on fracture healing in a rat non-healing fracture model and compared the effects between freshly isolated (F) and cryopreserved (C)-SVFs. Methods Non-healing fracture model was induced in the femur of female immunodeficient rats (F344/N Jcl rnu/rnu) with cauterizing periosteum. Immediately after the creation of non-healing fracture, rats received local transplantation of F and C-SVFs suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or the same volume of PBS without cells using the same scaffold as a control group. During 8 weeks post-surgery, radiologic, histological, immunohistochemical, and biomechanical analyses were performed to evaluate fracture healing. The comparison of radiological results was performed with a chi-square test, and the multiple comparisons of immunohistochemical, histological, and biomechanical results among groups were made using a one-way analysis of variance. A probability value of 0.05 was considered to denote statistical significance. Results At week 8, in 60% of animals receiving F-SVF cells and in 50% of animals receiving C-SVF cells, the fracture radiologically healed with bone union whereas nonunion was observed in the control group. The healing potential was also confirmed by histological and biomechanical assessments. One of the mechanisms underlying healing involving intrinsic angiogenesis/osteogenesis was enhanced in F- and C-SVF groups compared with that in the control group. Human cell-derived vasculogenesis/osteogenesis, which was also confirmed in an in vitro differentiation assay, was also enhanced in the F- and C-SVF groups compared with that in the control groups and could be another mechanism for healing. Conclusions SVF cells can enhance bone healing and cryopreserved cells have almost equal potential as fresh cells. SVF cells can be used for improving nonunion bone fracture healing as an alternative to other mesenchymal stem cells and the effect of SVF cells can be maintained under cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kamenaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kanto Nagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kikuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kemmei Ikuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kensuke Anjiki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Takayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takahiro Niikura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-chou, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan.
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An update to the advances in understanding distraction histogenesis: From biological mechanisms to novel clinical applications. J Orthop Translat 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Takagi T, Kabata T, Hayashi K, Fang X, Kajino Y, Inoue D, Ohmori T, Ueno T, Yoshitani J, Ueoka K, Yamamuro Y, Tsuchiya H. Periodic injections of adipose-derived stem cell sheets attenuate osteoarthritis progression in an experimental rabbit model. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:691. [PMID: 33076883 PMCID: PMC7574575 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subcutaneous adipose tissue represents an abundant source of multipotent adult stem cells named as Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). With a cell sheet approach, ADSCs survive longer, and can be delivered in large quantities. We investigated whether intra-articular ADSC sheets attenuated osteoarthritis (OA) progression in a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model. Methods Fabricating medium containing ascorbate-2-phosphate was used to enhance collagen protein secretion by the ADSCs to make ADSC sheets. At 4 weeks after ACLT, autologous ADSC sheets were injected intra-articularly into the right knee (ADSC sheets group), and autologous cell death sheets treated by liquid nitrogen were injected into the left knee (control group). Subsequent injections were administered once weekly. Femoral condyles were compared macroscopically and histologically. Results Macroscopically, OA progression was significantly milder in the ADSC sheets than in the control groups. Histologically, control knees showed obvious erosions in the medial and lateral condyles, while cartilage was retained predominantly in the ADSC sheets group. Immunohistochemically, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 were less expressive in the ADSC sheets than in the control groups. Conclusions Periodic ADSC sheets injections inhibited articular cartilage degeneration without inducing any adverse effects. A large quantity of autologous ADSCs delivered by cell sheets homed to the synovium and protected chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tamon Kabata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Kajino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ohmori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takuro Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Junya Yoshitani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Ken Ueoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamuro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa university, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
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The Effect of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Application on Distracted Bone Biomechanical Properties. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:2650-2655. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Torres-Torrillas M, Rubio M, Damia E, Cuervo B, Del Romero A, Peláez P, Chicharro D, Miguel L, Sopena JJ. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Promising Tool in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123105. [PMID: 31242644 PMCID: PMC6627452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is one of the most common medical complaints worldwide and musculoskeletal injuries have an enormous social and economical impact. Current pharmacological and surgical treatments aim to relief pain and restore function; however, unsatiscactory outcomes are commonly reported. In order to find an accurate treatment to such pathologies, over the last years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in cellular therapies, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). These cells represent a relatively new strategy in regenerative medicine, with many potential applications, especially regarding MSK disorders, and preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated their efficacy in muscle, tendon, bone and cartilage regeneration. Nevertheless, several worries about their safety and side effects at long-term remain unsolved. This article aims to review the current state of AMSCs therapy in the treatment of several MSK diseases and their clinical applications in veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Belen Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ayla Del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Miguel
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquin J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
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11
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Progress in biological reconstruction and enhanced bone revitalization for bone defects. J Orthop Sci 2019; 24:387-392. [PMID: 30797666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone defect reconstruction with artificial materials may produce good functional recovery in the short term. Over time, the durability of artificial materials becomes an issue, and therefore, artificial materials cannot be considered a permanent solution to reconstruction. For long-term outcomes, the goal is to regain function, permanence, and form that are as close to normal as possible. Thus, physiological materials are desirable for use in reconstruction. Biological reconstruction involves the use of materials that are modified in vivo following reconstruction of bone defects. The goal is to achieve bone union, bone revival and remodeling, with biointegration of soft tissue and bone. Allograft use has been the mainstay of bone defect reconstruction in most parts of the world, although in some countries like Japan, allogeneic bone is difficult to obtain due to socio-religious concerns. Therefore, we developed new biological reconstruction techniques to overcome this problem. Bone derived from distraction osteogenesis is autologous bone, which must be an ideal reconstruction material for its biological affinity, strength, resilience, and immunity to infection. When applying this method to patients with malignant disease however, it is important to preserve as much of the local soft tissue as possible, and the clinician must be especially careful of infection and callus formation. Liquid nitrogen treatment of tumor-bearing bone produces equal, if not better, bone revitalization compared to other forms of treatment to date. Reconstruction with liquid nitrogen-treated bone involves resecting the diseased bone and returning it to the body following liquid nitrogen treatment (free-freezing method). Another method involves dislocating the joint proximal to the tumor, or cutting the bone while the distal side remains attached to the body and the limb inverted and treated with liquid nitrogen (pedicle freezing method). When both methods are possible, the pedicle freezing method is preferable since it is performed with minimal osteotomy. Our recent research has looked into the possible role of adipose-derived stem cells in promoting bone fusion and revitalization. This method has produced promising results for the future of biological reconstruction.
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Yoshida Y, Matsubara H, Fang X, Hayashi K, Nomura I, Ugaji S, Hamada T, Tsuchiya H. Adipose-derived stem cell sheets accelerate bone healing in rat femoral defects. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214488. [PMID: 30921414 PMCID: PMC6438603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether both adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) and osteogenic-induced ADSC sheets could promote bone healing in a rat distal femoral metaphysis bone defect model. A through-hole defect of 1 mm diameter was drilled into each distal femur of 12 week old rats. Forty-five rats were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) control group; (2) ADSC sheet group; or (3) osteogenic-induced ADSC sheet group. We evaluated each group by analysis of computerized tomography scans every week after the surgery, histological analysis, and DiI labeling (a method of membrane staining for post implant cell tracing). Radiological and histological evaluations showed that a part of the hole persisted in the control group at four weeks after surgery, whereas the hole was restored almost completely by new bone formation in both sheet groups. The mean value of bone density (in Houndsfield units) for the bone defect area was significantly higher in both sheet groups than that in the control group (p = 0.05) at four weeks postoperative. A large number of osteocalcin positive osteoblasts were observed at the area of bone defect, especially in the osteogenic-induced ADCS sheet group. DiI labeling in the newly formed bone showed that each sheet had differentiated into bone tissue at four weeks after surgery. The ADSC and the osteogenic-induced ADSC sheets promoted significantly quicker bone healing in the bone defect. Moreover, the osteogenic-induced ADSC sheet may be more advantageous for bone healing than the ADSC sheet because of the higher number of osteocalcin positive osteoblasts via the transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsubara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Issei Nomura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ugaji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomo Hamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Zhang Y, Husch JFA, van den Beucken JJJP. Intraoperative Construct Preparation: A Practical Route for Cell-Based Bone Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 24:403-417. [PMID: 29631489 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based bone tissue engineering based on the combination of a scaffold and expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents the current state-of-the-art treatment for bone defects and fractures. However, the procedure of such construct preparation requires extensive ex vivo manipulation of patient's cells to achieve enough stem cells. Therefore, it is impractical and not cost-effective compared to other therapeutic interventions. For these reasons, a more practical strategy circumventing any ex vivo manipulation and an additional surgery for the patient would be advantageous. Intraoperative concept-based bone tissue engineering, where constructs are prepared with easily accessible autologous cells within the same surgical procedure, allows for such a simplification. In this study, we discuss the concept of intraoperative construct preparation for bone tissue engineering and summarize the available cellular options for intraoperative preparation. Furthermore, we propose methods to prepare intraoperative constructs, and review data of currently available preclinical and clinical studies using intraoperatively prepared constructs for bone regenerative applications. We identify several obstacles hampering the application of this emerging approach and highlight perspectives of technological innovations to advance the future developments of intraoperative construct preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Kuroshima S, Sasaki M, Nakajima K, Tamaki S, Hayano H, Sawase T. Transplantation of Noncultured Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells of Adipose Tissue Ameliorates Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-Like Lesions in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:154-166. [PMID: 28902422 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The precise pathoetiology and effective treatment strategies for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) remain unknown. Transplantation of noncultured stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells has been shown to be a useful method for regenerative medicine in place of stem cell therapy. This study investigated the effects of noncultured SVF transplantation on tooth extraction socket healing in mice. Both chemotherapeutic/bisphosphonate combination therapy for 7 weeks and tooth extraction of maxillary first molars at 3 weeks after drug administration were performed using female C57BL/6J mice. Osseous and soft tissue wound healing were validated at 4 weeks postextraction using gross wound healing and histomorphometry. Here, we created a new animal model of high-prevalence ONJ-like lesions that mimic human progression, because human ONJ mainly occurs in female patients taking both chemotherapeutic and bisphosphonate following tooth extraction. Moreover, mice with chemotherapeutic and bisphosphonate combination therapy for 5 weeks received SVF transplantation just after tooth extraction at 3 weeks post-drug administration. Euthanasia was performed at 2 weeks postextraction to assess the transplantation effects on wound healing using gross wound healing, histomorphometry, immunohistomorphometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and microcomputed tomography. We showed that systemic transplantation of noncultured SVF cells ameliorates ONJ-like lesions by improving both osseous and soft tissue healing of tooth extraction sockets. SVF therapy significantly increased blood vessels and the ratio of M2/M1 macrophages. In addition, SVF transplantation reduced the increases in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+ ) mononuclear cells (MNCs) and nonattached osteoclasts from the bone surface, which were significantly detected in the connective tissue of tooth extraction sockets and bone marrow by chemotherapeutic/bisphosphonate combination therapy. Our findings suggest that transplantation of noncultured SVF cells is a suitable treatment for BRONJ. Abnormal TRAP+ MNCs and nonattached osteoclasts in systemic and local environments may contribute to the development of BRONJ. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Kuroshima
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Muneteru Sasaki
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakajima
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Saki Tamaki
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hayano
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Sawase
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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15
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Yang Y, Lin S, Wang B, Gu W, Li G. Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis: A contemporary review of experimental studies. Bone Joint Res 2017. [PMID: 28634158 PMCID: PMC5492338 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.bjr-2017-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Distraction osteogenesis (DO) mobilises bone regenerative potential and avoids the complications of other treatments such as bone graft. The major disadvantage of DO is the length of time required for bone consolidation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to promote bone formation with some good results. Methods We hereby review the published literature on the use of MSCs in promoting bone consolidation during DO. Results Studies differed in animal type (mice, rabbit, dog, sheep), bone type (femur, tibia, skull), DO protocols and cell transplantation methods. Conclusion The majority of studies reported that the transplantation of MSCs enhanced bone consolidation or formation in DO. Many questions relating to animal model, DO protocol and cell transplantation regime remain to be further investigated. Clinical trials are needed to test and confirm these findings from animal studies. Cite this article: Y. Yang, S. Lin, B. Wang, W. Gu, G. Li. Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis: A contemporary review of experimental studies. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:385–390. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.BJR-2017-0023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Key Laboratory, Changzhou No.7 People's Hospital, No. 288 Yanling East Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - W Gu
- Department of Traumatology, Changzhou No.7 People's Hospital, No. 288 Yanling East Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Barba M, Di Taranto G, Lattanzi W. Adipose-derived stem cell therapies for bone regeneration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:677-689. [PMID: 28374644 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1315403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell-based therapies exploit the heterogeneous and self-sufficient biological environment of stem cells to restore, maintain and improve tissue functions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are, to this aim, promising cell types thanks to advantageous isolation procedures, growth kinetics, plasticity and trophic properties. Specifically, bone regeneration represents a suitable, though often challenging, target setting to test and apply ASC-based therapeutic strategies. Areas covered: ASCs are extremely plastic and secrete bioactive peptides that mediate paracrine functions, mediating their trophic actions in vivo. Numerous preclinical studies demonstrated that ASCs improve bone healing. Clinical trials are ongoing to validate the clinical feasibility of these approaches. This review is intended to define the state-of-the-art on ASCs, encompassing the biological features that make them suitable for bone regenerative strategies, and to provide an update on existing preclinical and clinical applications. Expert opinion: ASCs offer numerous advantages over other stem cells in terms of feasibility of clinical translation. Data obtained from in vivo experimentation are encouraging, and clinical trials are ongoing. More robust validations are thus expected to be achieved during the next few years, and will likely pave the way to optimized patient-tailored treatments for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Barba
- a Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Taranto
- b Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery , University of Rome "Sapienza" , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- a Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
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Guerado E, Caso E. Challenges of bone tissue engineering in orthopaedic patients. World J Orthop 2017; 8:87-98. [PMID: 28251059 PMCID: PMC5314152 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v8.i2.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects may impede normal biomechanics and the structural stability of bone as an organ. In many cases, the correction of bone defects requires extensive surgical intervention involving the use of bone-grafting techniques and other procedures in which healing is slow, there is a high risk of infection and considerable pain is provoked - with no guarantee of complete correction of the defect. Therefore, the search for surgical alternatives continues to present a major challenge in orthopaedic traumatology. The reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA) system, which was devised to avoid the problems that can arise with autograft harvesting from the iliac crest, consists of collecting the product of the femoral canal after reaming. The RIA technique improves osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, compared to bone marrow aspiration or cancellous bone harvesting from the iliac crest using a spoon. Another approach, the Masquelet technique, consists of reconstructing a long bone defect by means of an induced membrane grown onto an acrylic cement rod inserted to fill the defect; in a second surgical step, once the membrane is constituted, the cement rod is removed and cancellous autograft is used to fill the defect. Both in RIA and in the Masquelet technique, osteosynthesis is usually needed. Bone transportation by compression-distraction lengthening principles is commonly implemented for the treatment of large bone loss. However, complications are frequently encountered with these techniques. Among new techniques that have been proposed to address the problem of large bone loss, the application of stem cells in conjunction with tissue engineering techniques is very promising, as is the creation of personalised medicine (or precision medicine), in which molecular profiling technologies are used to tailor the therapeutic strategy, to ensure the right method is applied for the right person at the right time, after determining the predisposition to disease among the general population. All of the above techniques for addressing bone defects are discussed in this paper.
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Abstract
Unlike many other postnatal tissues, bone can regenerate and repair itself; nevertheless, this capacity can be overcome. Traditionally, surgical reconstructive strategies have implemented autologous, allogeneic, and prosthetic materials. Autologous bone--the best option--is limited in supply and also mandates an additional surgical procedure. In regenerative tissue engineering, there are myriad issues to consider in the creation of a functional, implantable replacement tissue. Importantly, there must exist an easily accessible, abundant cell source with the capacity to express the phenotype of the desired tissue, and a biocompatible scaffold to deliver the cells to the damaged region. A literature review was performed using PubMed; peer-reviewed publications were screened for relevance in order to identify key advances in stem and progenitor cell contribution to the field of bone tissue engineering. In this review, we briefly introduce various adult stem cells implemented in bone tissue engineering such as mesenchymal stem cells (including bone marrow- and adipose-derived stem cells), endothelial progenitor cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. We then discuss numerous advances associated with their application and subsequently focus on technological advances in the field, before addressing key regenerative strategies currently used in clinical practice. Stem and progenitor cell implementation in bone tissue engineering strategies have the ability to make a major impact on regenerative medicine and reduce patient morbidity. As the field of regenerative medicine endeavors to harness the body's own cells for treatment, scientific innovation has led to great advances in stem cell-based therapies in the past decade.
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Yang ZH, Wu BL, Ye C, Jia S, Yang XJ, Hou R, Lei DL, Wang L. Targeting P38 Pathway Regulates Bony Formation via MSC Recruitment during Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis in Rats. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:783-789. [PMID: 27766028 PMCID: PMC5069414 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.16663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used self-tissue engineering. However, complications and discomfort due to the long treatment period are still the bottleneck of DO. Novel strategies to accelerate bone formation in DO are still needed. P38 is capable of regulating the osteogenic differentiation of both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts, which are crucial to bone regeneration. However, it is not clear whether targeting p38 could regulate bony formation in DO. The purpose of the current work was to investigate the effects of local application of either p38 agonist anisomycin or p38 inhibitor SB203580 in a rat model of DO. 30 adult rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (A) rats injected with DMSO served as the control group; (B) rats injected with p38 agonist anisomycin; (C) rats injected with p38 inhibitor SB203580. All the rats were subjected to mandibular distraction and the injection was performed daily during this period. The distracted mandibles were harvested on days 15 and 30 after surgery and subjected to the following analysis. Micro-computed tomography and histological evaluation results showed that local application of p38 agonist anisomycin increased new bone formation in DO, whereas p38 inhibitor SB203580 decreased it. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that anisomycin promoted MSC recruitment in the distraction gap. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that local application of p38 agonist anisomycin can increase new bone formation during DO. This study may lead to a novel cell-based strategy for the improvement of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Bao-Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Sen Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Xin-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Rui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - De-Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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Comprehensive Review of Adipose Stem Cells and Their Implication in Distraction Osteogenesis and Bone Regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:842975. [PMID: 26448947 PMCID: PMC4584039 DOI: 10.1155/2015/842975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone is one of the most dynamic tissues in the human body that can heal following injury without leaving a scar. However, in instances of extensive bone loss, this intrinsic capacity of bone to heal may not be sufficient and external intervention becomes necessary. Several techniques are available to address this problem, including autogenous bone grafts and allografts. However, all these techniques have their own limitations. An alternative method is the technique of distraction osteogenesis, where gradual and controlled distraction of two bony segments after osteotomy leads to induction of new bone formation. Although distraction osteogenesis usually gives satisfactory results, its major limitation is the prolonged duration of time required before the external fixator is removed, which may lead to numerous complications. Numerous methods to accelerate bone formation in the context of distraction osteogenesis have been reported. A viable alternative to autogenous bone grafts for a source of osteogenic cells is mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow. However, there are certain problems with bone marrow aspirate. Hence, scientists have investigated other sources for mesenchymal stem cells, specifically adipose tissue, which has been shown to be an excellent source of mesenchymal stem cells. In this paper, the potential use of adipose stem cells to stimulate bone formation is discussed.
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Kuroda K, Kabata T, Hayashi K, Maeda T, Kajino Y, Iwai S, Fujita K, Hasegawa K, Inoue D, Sugimoto N, Tsuchiya H. The paracrine effect of adipose-derived stem cells inhibits osteoarthritis progression. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:236. [PMID: 26336958 PMCID: PMC4559871 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine whether intra-articularly injected adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) inhibited articular cartilage degeneration during osteoarthritis (OA) development in a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model. The paracrine effects of ADSCs on chondrocytes were investigated using a co-culture system. Methods ACLT was performed on both knee joints of 12 rabbits. ADSCs were isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue. ADSCs with hyaluronic acid were intra-articularly injected into the left knee, and hyaluronic acid was injected into the right knee. The knees were compared macroscopically, histologically, and immunohistochemically at 8 and 12 weeks. In addition, cell viability was determined using co-culture system of ADSCs and chondrocytes. Results Macroscopically, osteoarthritis progression was milder in the ADSC-treated knees than in the control knees 8 weeks after ACLT. Histologically, control knees showed obvious erosions in both the medial and lateral condyles at 8 weeks, while cartilage was predominantly retained in the ADSC-treated knees. At 12 weeks, the ADSC-treated knees showed a slight suppression of cartilage degeneration, unlike the control knees. Immunohistochemically, MMP-13 expression was less in the ADSC-treated cartilage than in the control knees. The cell viability of chondrocytes co-cultured with ADSCs was higher than that of chondrocytes cultured alone. TNF-alpha-induced apoptotic stimulation was similar between the two groups. Conclusions Intra-articularly injected ADSCs inhibited cartilage degeneration progression by homing to the synovium and secreting a liquid factor having chondro-protective effects such as chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage matrix protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Tamon Kabata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Toru Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Yoshitomo Kajino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Iwai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Kenji Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Hasegawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Naotoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
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