1
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Amin MNG, Mischnick P, Rosenau T, Böhmdorfer S. Refined linkage analysis of the sulphated marine polysaccharide fucoidan of Cladosiphon okamuranus with a focus on fucose. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122302. [PMID: 39048211 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Methylation followed by depolymerization and gas chromatography (GC) is an effective methodology for the linkage analysis of polysaccharides, including fucoidan, a sulphated algal polysaccharide. However, this sample material demands attention to experimental details to prevent aberrations in the analytical result. The use of deficient bases for methylation, the presence of water, analyte degradation during hydrolysis, and coelution of the target analytes during gas chromatography create doubts about published results. We therefore investigated critical parameters of the method and carefully optimized the steps of the protocol to ensure the integrity of the results for the fucose monomers. Fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus was used as reference sample to determine the glycosidic bonds, and sulphate positions in the monomer. Fucoidan in protonated form was methylated in a strictly water-free environment using lithium dimsyl as base and methyl iodide for methylation. The methylated polymer was isolated by solid phase extraction, which was crucial to recover also the highly sulfated fraction. Hydrolysis was conducted with trifluoroacetic acid. To separate all target analytes in GC-FID/MS, a stationary phase with high cyanopropyl content (HP-88) was required, as the commonly employed phenyl siloxane phases result in co-elution, which distorts the result severely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Nur Ghoyatul Amin
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Department of Marine, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Petra Mischnick
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr. 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
| | - Stefan Böhmdorfer
- Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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2
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Singh K, Yadava RN, Yadav R. Antibacterial Compound Isolation and Characterization from the Plant Cynotis axillaris Schult. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301094. [PMID: 37690999 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel flavone glycoside was isolated from the methanolic extract of Cynotis axillaris Schult. Various analysis and characterization techniques were used to determine its structure and properties. The compound exhibited a melting point range of 231-232 °C and had a molecular formula of C27 H30 O14 . Several spectral characterization techniques were employed to establish the isolated compound's structure. These included UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, LC-ESI-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. Based on these analyses, the structure of the isolated compound was determined to be 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone-8-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-4'-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl. This structure indicates that it is a flavone glycoside consisting of a flavone (5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone) moiety attached to a sugar molecule (galactopyranosyl) at position 4', which further bears a rhamnose group at position 8 of the flavone. In addition, to the structural characterization, the compound also demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy against various bacterial pathogens, including Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis MTCC441 and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli MTCC1098, Proteus vulgarize MTCC426, and Salmonella Typhimurium MTCC3224. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition in millimetres, which provides an indication of the compound's ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The study successfully identified and characterized a novel flavone glycoside from Cynotis axillaris Schult. and its antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - R N Yadava
- Department of chemistry, Purnea University Bihar, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
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3
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Pasha I, Ahmad F. Monosaccharide composition and carbohydrates linkage identification in cereal brans using UHPLC/QqQ-DMRM-MS. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Zheng X, Qin Y, Meng X, Jin Z, Fan L, Wang J. Synthesis of polyethylene glycol functional bonded silica gel for selective recognition and separation of α-cyclodextrin. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1639:461917. [PMID: 33524932 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we for the first time synthesized the polyethylene glycol (PEG) bonded silica gel via KH-560 as a silane coupling reagent for column chromatography by a solid/liquid surface continuous reaction method. The molecular interaction, structure, morphology, and thermostability was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Given that PEG is capable to self-assemble with α-CD, the PEG bonded silica gel was used as packing of column chromatography to achieve the selective separation of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The bonded silica gel column could realize the effective separation of α-CD in the enzymatic hydrolysis mixture, which provides support for industrial separation of α-CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Yang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Xiaobing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China.
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Holland C, Ryden P, Edwards CH, Grundy MML. Plant Cell Walls: Impact on Nutrient Bioaccessibility and Digestibility. Foods 2020; 9:E201. [PMID: 32079083 PMCID: PMC7074226 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell walls are important structural components of plants, affecting both the bioaccessibility and subsequent digestibility of the nutrients that plant-based foods contain. These supramolecular structures are composed of complex heterogeneous networks primarily consisting of cellulose, and hemicellulosic and pectic polysaccharides. The composition and organization of these different polysaccharides vary depending on the type of plant tissue, imparting them with specific physicochemical properties. These properties dictate how the cell walls behave in the human gastrointestinal tract, and how amenable they are to digestion, thereby modulating nutrient release from the plant tissue. This short narrative review presents an overview of our current knowledge on cell walls and how they impact nutrient bioaccessibility and digestibility. Some of the most relevant methods currently used to characterize the food matrix and the cell walls are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Holland
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems Division, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AR, UK;
| | - Peter Ryden
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK; (P.R.); (C.H.E.)
| | - Cathrina H. Edwards
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK; (P.R.); (C.H.E.)
| | - Myriam M.-L. Grundy
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems Division, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AR, UK;
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Galermo AG, Nandita E, Castillo JJ, Amicucci MJ, Lebrilla CB. Development of an Extensive Linkage Library for Characterization of Carbohydrates. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13022-13031. [PMID: 31525948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The extensive characterization of glycosidic linkages in carbohydrates remains a challenge because of the lack of known standards and limitations in current analytical techniques. This study encompasses the construction of an extensive glycosidic linkage library built from synthesized standards. It includes an improved liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantitation of glycosidic linkages derived from disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides present in complicated matrices. We present a method capable of the simultaneous identification of over 90 unique glycosidic linkages using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QqQ MS) operated in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) mode. To build the library, known monosaccharides commonly found in plants were subjected to partial methylation to yield partially derivatized species representing trisecting, bisecting, linear, and terminal structures. The library includes glycosidic linkage information for three hexoses (glucose, galactose, and mannose), three pentoses (xylose, arabinose, and ribose), two deoxyhexoses (fucose and rhamnose), and two hexuronic acids (glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid). The resulting partially methylated monosaccharides were then labeled with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) followed by separation and analysis by UHPLC/dMRM MS. Validation of the synthesized standards was performed using disaccharide, oligosaccharide, and polysaccharide standards. Accuracy, reproducibility, and robustness of the method was demonstrated by analysis of xyloglucan (tamarind) and whole carrot root. The synthesized standards represent the most comprehensive group of carbohydrate linkages to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ace G Galermo
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Eshani Nandita
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Juan J Castillo
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Matthew J Amicucci
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States.,Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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7
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Kordopati GG, Tsivgoulis GM. Amino cyclodextrin per-O-methylation: Synthesis of 3-monoamino-permethylated derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Schaller-Duke RM, Bogala MR, Cassady CJ. Electron Transfer Dissociation and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Underivatized Metallated Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1021-1035. [PMID: 29492773 PMCID: PMC5943087 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) were used to investigate underivatized, metal-cationized oligosaccharides formed via electrospray ionization (ESI). Reducing and non-reducing sugars were studied including the tetrasaccharides maltotetraose, 3α,4β,3α-galactotetraose, stachyose, nystose, and a heptasaccharide, maltoheptaose. Univalent alkali, divalent alkaline earth, divalent and trivalent transition metal ions, and a boron group trivalent metal ion were adducted to the non-permethylated oligosaccharides. ESI generated [M + Met]+, [M + 2Met]2+, [M + Met]2+, [M + Met - H]+, and [M + Met - 2H]+ most intensely along with low intensity nitrate adducts, depending on the metal and sugar ionized. The ability of these metal ions to produce oligosaccharide adduct ions by ESI had the general trend: Ca(II) > Mg(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Na(I) > K(I) > Al(III) ≈ Fe(III) ≈ Cr(III). Although trivalent metals were utilized, no triply charged ions were formed. Metal cations allowed for high ESI signal intensity without permethylation. ETD and CID on [M + Met]2+ produced various glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages, with ETD producing more cross-ring and internal ions, which are useful for structural analysis. Product ion intensities varied based on glycosidic-bond linkage and identity of monosaccharide sub-unit, and metal adducts. ETD and CID showed high fragmentation efficiency, often with complete precursor dissociation, depending on the identity of the adducted metal ion. Loss of water was occasionally observed, but elimination of small neutral molecules was not prevalent. For both ETD and CID, [M + Co]2+ produced the most uniform structurally informative dissociation with all oligosaccharides studied. The ETD and CID spectra were complementary. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranelle M Schaller-Duke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Mallikharjuna R Bogala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Carolyn J Cassady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
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9
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Guu SY, Lin TH, Chang SC, Wang RJ, Hung LY, Fang PJ, Tang WC, Yu P, Chang CF. Serum N-glycome characterization and anti-carbohydrate antibody profiling in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178927. [PMID: 28594851 PMCID: PMC5464575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a protein post translational modification which plays important role in protein function, stabilization, trafficking, and turnover. Alteration of protein glycosylation is a common phenomenon during tumor progression, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, as well as metastasis. Hence, aberrant glycan structures and the induced corresponding anti-carbohydrate antibodies are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. In this study, serum N-glycomes and anti-carbohydrate antibodies from normal populations and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were investigated. Total serum proteins were lyophilized and subjected to chemical reduction, alkylation and trypsin digestion. The N-glycans were released, purified, permethylated, and analyzed using MALDI-TOF-Mass spectrometry. In addition, the serum anti-carbohydrate antibody profiles were also investigated by carbohydrate microarray. We found that the relative abundances of seven N-glycans were decreased or increased in serum of OSCC with diagnostic accuracy greater than 75%. The relative abundances of total tri-antennary and tetra-antennary glycans with varying degrees of fucosylation and sialylation were also increased in serum N-glycomes of OSCC. In an independent validation group of forty-eight OCCC patients, most of the high-molecular weight serum N-glycans showed significantly high sensitivity and specificity according to the identified cutoff values. Furthermore, the serum levels of two IgM antibodies were elevated accompanied with the decreased levels of nine IgG antibodies in patient serum. Taken together, these serum N-glycans and antibodies identified in this study should be considered as the candidates of potential biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yun Guu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chieh Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rei-Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Peiwen Yu
- OBI Pharma, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Price NPJ, Hartman TM, Vermillion KE. Nickel-Catalyzed Proton–Deuterium Exchange (HDX) Procedures for Glycosidic Linkage Analysis of Complex Carbohydrates. Anal Chem 2015; 87:7282-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil P. J. Price
- Renewable Product Technology and ‡Functional Foods
Research Units, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS-NCAUR, 1815
North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Trina M. Hartman
- Renewable Product Technology and ‡Functional Foods
Research Units, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS-NCAUR, 1815
North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Karl E. Vermillion
- Renewable Product Technology and ‡Functional Foods
Research Units, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS-NCAUR, 1815
North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
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11
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Lareau NM, May JC, McLean JA. Non-derivatized glycan analysis by reverse phase liquid chromatography and ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2015; 140:3335-8. [PMID: 25737268 PMCID: PMC4422766 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00152h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the analysis of non-derivatized glycans using a reverse phase column on a liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS) instrument. The methodology supports both glycomic and proteomic work flows without the necessity of switching columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole M Lareau
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, and Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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12
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Gao X, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhao L. Design and application of an open tubular capillary reactor for solid-phase permethylation of glycans in glycoprotein. Analyst 2015; 140:1566-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01045k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The permethylation derivatization method for structural analysis of glycans is important for characterizing glycoproteins in the study of glycomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics
- Beijing Proteome Research Center
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine
- Beijing 102206
- PR China
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13
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Lv G, Hu D, Zhao J, Li S. Quality control of sweet medicines based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Drug Discov Ther 2015; 9:94-106. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2015.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau
| | - Dejun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau
| | - Shaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau
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14
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Harvey DJ, Edgeworth M, Krishna BA, Bonomelli C, Allman SA, Crispin M, Scrivens JH. Fragmentation of negative ions from N-linked carbohydrates: part 6. Glycans containing one N-acetylglucosamine in the core. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:2008-18. [PMID: 25132301 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Negative ion collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra of N-glycans contain many diagnostic ions that provide more structural information than positive ion spectra. EndoH or endoS release of glycans from glycoproteins, as used by many investigators, cleaves glycans between the GlcNAc residues of the chitobiose core leaving the glycan without the reducing-terminal GlcNAc residue. However, their negative ion CID spectra do not appear to have been studied in detail. This paper examines the CID and ion mobility properties of these endoH-released glycans to determine if the missing GlcNAc influences the production of diagnostic fragment ions. METHODS N-Glycans were released from ribonuclease B, ovalbumin and gp120 with endoH to give high-mannose and hybrid glycans, and from IgG with endoS to produce biantennary complex glycans, all missing the reducing-terminal GlcNAc residue. Negative ion CID and travelling wave ion mobility spectra were recorded with a Waters Synapt G2 mass spectrometer using nanospray sample introduction. RESULTS The majority of glycans yielded CID spectra exhibiting the same diagnostic fragments, which were equivalently informative, as the fully released structures. However, the ability of ion mobility to separate isomers was generally found to be inferior to its use with the full glycans despite the smaller nature of the compounds. The exception was the partial resolution of a pair of biantennary monogalactosylated glycans from IgG where, as chloride adducts, slight separation of the isomers was observed. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the CID spectra of endoH- and endoS-released glycans are as useful as the corresponding spectra of the intact glycans (as released by PNGase F) in providing structural information on N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK; Department of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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15
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London L, Price N, Ryan P, Wang L, Auty M, Fitzgerald G, Stanton C, Ross R. Characterization of a bovine isolate Lactobacillus mucosae
DPC 6426 which produces an exopolysaccharide composed predominantly of mannose residues. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:509-17. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.E.E. London
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - N.P.J. Price
- Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit; USDA-ARS-NCAUR; Peoria IL USA
| | - P. Ryan
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
- Department of Microbiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - L. Wang
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
| | - M.A.E. Auty
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
| | - G.F. Fitzgerald
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
- Department of Microbiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - C. Stanton
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - R.P. Ross
- Teagasc; Moorepark Food Research Centre; Fermoy Cork Ireland
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
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16
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The design of a capsule polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against Campylobacter jejuni serotype HS15. Carbohydr Res 2012; 366:45-9. [PMID: 23261782 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni infection is now the main cause of diarrhea-related illnesses in humans. An efficacious vaccine for the traveler and developing world market would be welcomed. We are engaged in the discovery and characterization of serotype-specific C. jejuni capsule polysaccharides (CPSs) to study their role in virulence and as protective vaccine antigens. Our prototype conjugate vaccine with serotype HS23 CPS (strain 81-176) has been shown to fully protect non-human primates against diarrhea inflicted by C. jejuni HS23, but ultimately, a useful CPS-based vaccine will have to be multivalent. To this end, we describe here the creation of a CPS-conjugate vaccine against C. jejuni serotype HS15. Structural analysis revealed that a repeating block consisting of L-α-arabinofuranose (Ara) and 6-deoxy-L-α-gulo-heptopyranose (6d-gulo-Hep) comprised the CPS of serotype HS15 type strain ATCC 43442 [→3)-α-L-Araf-(1→3)-6d-L-α-gulo-Hepp(1→](n). Strategically, the non-reducing end of the CPS was activated and used in the attachment of CPS to CRM₁₉₇ to yield a conjugate vaccine. A serological assessment of the CPS(HS15)-CRM₁₉₇ conjugate with an anti-HS15 polyclonal antibody confirmed the conservation of antigenic epitopes, and subsequent inoculation of mice with CPS(HS15)-CRM₁₉₇ revealed that this conjugate was indeed capable of raising anti-CPS(HS15) antibodies.
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Cui JD, Qiu JQ. Production of extracellular water-insoluble polysaccharide from Pseudomonas sp. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4865-4871. [PMID: 22533491 DOI: 10.1021/jf3006273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Curdlan is a microbial polysaccharide composed exclusively of β-(1,3)-linked glucose residues. Until now only bacteria belonging to the Alcaligenes and Agrobacterium species have been reported to produce Curdlan. In this study, a bacterium capable of producing extracellular Curdlan, identified as Pseudomonas sp. on the basis of 16S rDNA gene sequencing, was isolated from soil samples. From the HPLC, permethylation linkage analysis, (13)C NMR, and FT-IR analytical data, the polysaccharide consisted exclusively of glucose; the most prominent sugar was 1,3-linked glucose, and most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues were of the β-type. This also supported that the exopolysaccharide produced by Pseudomonas sp. was actually Curdlan. In addition, the Pseudomonas sp. was studied for the production of Curdlan by conventional "one-factor-at-a-time technique" and response surface methodology (RSM). It was observed that glucose and yeast extract were the most suitable carbon source and nitrogen source for Curdlan production, respectively. By using RSM, Curdlan production was increased significantly by 188%, from 1.25 to 2.35 g/L, when the strain was cultivated in the optimal condition developed by RSM, and the highest Curdlan production rate of 0.81 g/(L h) was obtained. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on Curdlan production by Pseudomonas sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Dong Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutic Molecular Chemistry, Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhang, People's Republic of China.
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2007-2008. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:183-311. [PMID: 21850673 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fifth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2008. The first section of the review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, use of derivatives and new software developments for analysis of carbohydrate spectra. Among newer areas of method development are glycan arrays, MALDI imaging and the use of ion mobility spectrometry. The second section of the review discusses applications of MALDI MS to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, biopharmaceuticals, glycated proteins, glycolipids, glycosides and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing and a section on the use of MALDI MS to monitor products of the chemical synthesis of carbohydrates with emphasis on carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers. Corresponding analyses by electrospray ionization now appear to outnumber those performed by MALDI and the amount of literature makes a comprehensive review on this technique impractical. However, most of the work relating to sample preparation and glycan synthesis is equally relevant to electrospray and, consequently, those proposing analyses by electrospray should also find material in this review of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Ruiz-Matute AI, Hernández-Hernández O, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Derivatization of carbohydrates for GC and GC-MS analyses. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:1226-40. [PMID: 21186143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GC and GC-MS are excellent techniques for the analysis of carbohydrates; nevertheless the preparation of adequate derivatives is necessary. The different functional groups that can be found and the diversity of samples require specific methods. This review aims to collect the most important methodologies currently used, either published as new procedures or as new applications, for the analysis of carbohydrates. A high diversity of compounds with diverse functionalities has been selected: neutral carbohydrates (saccharides and polyalcohols), sugar acids, amino and iminosugars, polysaccharides, glycosides, glycoconjugates, anhydrosugars, difructose anhydrides and products resulting of Maillard reaction (osuloses, Amadori compounds). Chiral analysis has also been considered, describing the use of diastereomers and derivatives to be eluted on chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales-CIAL (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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