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Feng X, Deng H, Huang L, Teng J, Wei B, Xia N, Pang B. Degradation of Cell Wall Polysaccharides during Traditional and Tank Fermentation of Chinese Liupao Tea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4195-4206. [PMID: 38354398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The increase of polysaccharides in the dark tea pile process is thought to be connected to the cell wall polysaccharides' breakdown. However, the relationship between tea polysaccharides (TPSs) and tea cell wall polysaccharides has not been further explored. In this study, the structural changes in the cell wall polysaccharides [e.g., cellulose, hemicellulose (HC), and pectin] in Liupao tea were characterized before and after traditional fermentation and tank fermentation. Additionally, the degradation mechanism of tea cell wall polysaccharides during fermentation was assessed. The results showed that cellulose crystallinity decreased by 11.9-49.6% after fermentation. The molar ratio of monosaccharides, such as arabinose, rhamnose, and glucose in HC, was significantly reduced, and the molecular weight decreased. The esterification degree and linearity of water-soluble pectin (WSP) were reduced. TPS content increases during pile fermentation, which may be due to HC degradation and the increase in WSP caused by cell wall structure damage. Microorganisms were shown to be closely associated with the degradation of cell wall polysaccharides during fermentation according to correlation analyses. Traditional fermentation had a greater effect on the cellulose structure, while tank fermentation had a more noticeable impact on HC and WSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Feng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Haichao Deng
- Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Nanning, Guangxi 530003, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Jianwen Teng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Baoyao Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Ning Xia
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Bowen Pang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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Gamit HA, Naik H, Chandarana KA, Chandwani S, Amaresan N. Secondary metabolites from methylotrophic bacteria: their role in improving plant growth under a stressed environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:28563-28574. [PMID: 36710311 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is considered a natural disaster that causes the ecosystem to fluctuate and increase temperature, as well as the amount of UV radiation (UV-A and UV-B) on the Earth's surface. Consequently, greenhouse gases such as chlorofluorocarbons, methane, nitrogen oxide, and carbon dioxide have become obstacles to the development of sustainable agriculture. To overcome environmental stress such as phytopathogens, drought, salinity, heavy metals, and high-low temperatures, the utilization of microorganisms is a viable option. The synthesis of secondary metabolites by methylotrophic bacteria improves plant metabolism, enhances tolerance, and facilitates growth. The genus Methylobacterium is a pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs which abundantly colonizes plants, especially young leaves, owing to the availability of methanol. Secondary metabolites such as amino acids, carotenoids, hormones, antimicrobial compounds, and other compounds produced by methylotrophic bacteria enhance plant metabolism under stress conditions. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the role of secondary metabolites produced by methylotrophic bacteria and their role in promoting plant growth under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshida A Gamit
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Hetvi Naik
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Komal A Chandarana
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Sapna Chandwani
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Natarajan Amaresan
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India.
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Šigutová H, Šigut M, Pyszko P, Kostovčík M, Kolařík M, Drozd P. Seasonal Shifts in Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomes of Leaves and Associated Leaf-Mining Larvae Reveal Persistence of Core Taxa Regardless of Diet. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0316022. [PMID: 36629441 PMCID: PMC9927363 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03160-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are key mediators of interactions between insect herbivores and their host plants. Despite a substantial interest in studying various aspects of these interactions, temporal variations in microbiomes of woody plants and their consumers remain understudied. In this study, we investigated shifts in the microbiomes of leaf-mining larvae (Insecta: Lepidoptera) and their host trees over one growing season in a deciduous temperate forest. We used 16S and ITS2 rRNA gene metabarcoding to profile the bacterial and fungal microbiomes of leaves and larvae. We found pronounced shifts in the leaf and larval microbiota composition and richness as the season progressed, and bacteria and fungi showed consistent patterns. The quantitative similarity between leaf and larval microbiota was very low for bacteria (~9%) and decreased throughout the season, whereas fungal similarity increased and was relatively high (~27%). In both leaves and larvae, seasonality, along with host taxonomy, was the most important factor shaping microbial communities. We identified frequently occurring microbial taxa with significant seasonal trends, including those more prevalent in larvae (Streptococcus, Candida sake, Debaryomyces prosopidis, and Neoascochyta europaea), more prevalent in leaves (Erwinia, Seimatosporium quercinum, Curvibasidium cygneicollum, Curtobacterium, Ceramothyrium carniolicum, and Mycosphaerelloides madeirae), and frequent in both leaves and larvae (bacterial strain P3OB-42, Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Cutibacterium, and Botrytis cinerea). Our results highlight the importance of considering seasonality when studying the interactions between plants, herbivorous insects, and their respective microbiomes, and illustrate a range of microbial taxa persistent in larvae, regardless of their occurrence in the diet. IMPORTANCE Leaf miners are endophagous insect herbivores that feed on plant tissues and develop and live enclosed between the epidermis layers of a single leaf for their entire life cycle. Such close association is a precondition for the evolution of more intimate host-microbe relationships than those found in free-feeding herbivores. Simultaneous comparison of bacterial and fungal microbiomes of leaves and their tightly linked consumers over time represents an interesting study system that could fundamentally contribute to the ongoing debate on the microbial residence of insect gut. Furthermore, leaf miners are ideal model organisms for interpreting the ecological and evolutionary roles of microbiota in host plant specialization. In this study, the larvae harbored specific microbial communities consisting of core microbiome members. Observed patterns suggest that microbes, especially bacteria, may play more important roles in the caterpillar holobiont than generally presumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Šigutová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Šigut
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyszko
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kostovčík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kolařík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drozd
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Bajpai A, Mahawar H, Dubey G, Atoliya N, Parmar R, Devi MH, Kollah B, Mohanty SR. Prospect of pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs in mitigating abiotic stress and climate change. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:889-899. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Apekcha Bajpai
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
- Department of Microbiology Barkatullah University Bhopal India
| | - Himanshu Mahawar
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
- ICAR‐Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur India
| | - Garima Dubey
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
| | - Nagvanti Atoliya
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
| | - Rakesh Parmar
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
| | - Mayanglambam H. Devi
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
| | - Bharati Kollah
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
| | - Santosh R. Mohanty
- Indian Institute of Soil Science Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhopal India
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Vadivukkarasi P, Bhai RS. Phyllosphere-associated Methylobacterium: a potential biostimulant for ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) cultivation. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:369-375. [PMID: 31673721 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Methanol, a by-product associated with plant metabolism, is a substrate for pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) of phyllosphere. The symbiotic interaction of PPFMs has many desirable effects on plant growth and disease resistance. The present study investigated the potential of native PPFMs for mitigating biotic stress and plant growth promotion in ginger. PPFMs were isolated from ginger phyllosphere by leaf imprint technique and screened against major fungal phytopathogens of ginger viz. Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotium rolfsii, Pythium myriotylum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum. Among the 60 PPFMs, IISRGPPFM13 was selected for its highly inhibitory activity against the target pathogens. The isolate was useful for mineral solubility, production of IAA, siderophores and hydrolytic enzymes like cellulase, pectinase, lipase, amylase and chitinase. On in planta experiments revealed that IISRGPPFM13 considerably increased plant growth parameters when the bacterium was applied as soil drenching cum foliar spraying. Methanol utilization potential of the isolate was confirmed by mxaF gene analysis where the sequence showing 95.51% identity towards Methylobacterium platani and M. iners. Further, 16S rRNA gene sequence showing 98.73% identity with M. komagatae 002-079 T (AB252201). This is the first report of its kind that a genus of Methylobacterium with biostimulant potential isolated from the phyllosphere of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnusamy Vadivukkarasi
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India
| | - R Suseela Bhai
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India.
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Hong P, Shu Y, Wu X, Wang C, Tian C, Wu H, Donde OO, Xiao B. Efficacy of zero nitrous oxide emitting aerobic denitrifying bacterium, Methylobacterium gregans DC-1 in nitrate removal with strong auto-aggregation property. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122083. [PMID: 31487615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel aerobic denitrifying strain Methylobacterium gregans DC-1 was isolated and identified. Strain DC-1 removed 98.4% of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N) and 80.7% of total organic carbon with initial concentrations of 50 and 2400 mg/l, respectively. The N balance showed that most NO3--N was converted to N2 (62.18%) without nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. Response surface analysis showed that the optimal conditions for total N removal were carbon (C):N ratio of 18.7, temperature of 26.8 °C, pH of 6.5 and shaking speed of 180 rpm. In combination with the N balance and successful amplification of napA, nirK and nosZ genes, the metabolic pathway was as follows: NO3-NO2- → NO → N2O → N2. Strain DC-1 had strong auto-aggregation rate (maximum 38.7%), produced large amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS; maximum of 781.4 mg/g cell dry weight) and had corresponding strong hydrophobicity (maximum 83.2%). Pearson correlation analysis showed that EPS content and hydrophobicity were significantly positively correlated with auto-aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Wuhu 241000, China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Wuhu 241000, China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Oscar Omondi Donde
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Biodiversity of methylotrophic microbial communities and their potential role in mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Draft Genome Sequence of Methylobacterium radiotolerans Strain MAMP 4754, a Bacterial Endophyte Isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum in South Africa. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/40/e00976-17. [PMID: 28982992 PMCID: PMC5629049 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00976-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We announce here the draft genome sequence of Methylobacterium radiotolerans strain MAMP 4754, isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Combretum erythrophyllumM. radiotolerans has a genome size of 7,389,282 bp with 7,166 genes and a G+C content of 70.5%.
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Pattnaik S, Rajkumari J, Paramanandham P, Busi S. Indole Acetic Acid Production and Growth-Promoting Activity of Methylobacterium extorquens MP1 and Methylobacterium zatmanii MS4 in Tomato. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2017.1283381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Jobina Rajkumari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Vijayaraghavan P, Arun A, Al-Dhabi NA, Vincent SGP, Arasu MV, Choi KC. Novel Bacillus subtilis IND19 cell factory for the simultaneous production of carboxy methyl cellulase and protease using cow dung substrate in solid-substrate fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:73. [PMID: 27011767 PMCID: PMC4804545 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrolytic enzymes, such as cellulases and proteases, have various applications, including bioethanol production, extraction of fruit and vegetable juice, detergent formulation, and leather processing. Solid-substrate fermentation has been an emerging method to utilize low-cost agricultural residues for the production of these enzymes. Although the production of carboxy methyl cellulase (CMCase) and protease in solid state fermentation (SSF) have been studied extensively, research investigating multienzyme production in a single fermentation process is limited. The production of multienzymes from a single fermentation system could reduce the overall production cost of enzymes. In order to achieve enhanced production of enzymes, the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied. RESULTS Bacillus subtilis IND19 utilized cow dung substrates for the production of CMCase and protease. A central composite design and a RSM were used to determine the optimal concentrations of peptone, NaH2PO4, and medium pH. Maximum productions of CMCase and protease were observed at 0.9 % peptone, 0.78 % NaH2PO4, and medium pH of 8.41, and 1 % peptone, 0.72 % NaH2PO4, and medium pH of 8.11, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the experimental yield of CMCase and protease reached 473.01 and 4643 U/g, which were notably close to the predicted response (485.05 and 4710 U/g). These findings corresponded to an overall increase of 2.1- and 2.5-fold in CMCase and protease productions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Utilization of cow dung for the production of enzymes is critical to producing multienzymes in a single fermentation step. Cow dung is available in large quantity throughout the year. This report is the first to describe simultaneous production of CMCase and protease using cow dung. This substrate could be directly used as the culture medium without any pretreatment for the production of these enzymes at an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnuswamy Vijayaraghavan
- />International Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu 629502 India
| | - Arumugaperumal Arun
- />Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Srivilliputtur, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu 626126 India
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- />Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Samuel Gnana Prakash Vincent
- />International Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu 629502 India
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- />Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ki Choon Choi
- />Grassland and forage division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan-Eup, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-801 Republic of Korea
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Dourado MN, Aparecida Camargo Neves A, Santos DS, Araújo WL. Biotechnological and agronomic potential of endophytic pink-pigmented methylotrophic Methylobacterium spp. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:909016. [PMID: 25861650 PMCID: PMC4377440 DOI: 10.1155/2015/909016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Methylobacterium is composed of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacteria, which are able to synthesize carotenoids and grow on reduced organic compounds containing one carbon (C1), such as methanol and methylamine. Due to their high phenotypic plasticity, these bacteria are able to colonize different habitats, such as soil, water, and sediment, and different host plants as both endophytes and epiphytes. In plant colonization, the frequency and distribution may be influenced by plant genotype or by interactions with other associated microorganisms, which may result in increasing plant fitness. In this review, different aspects of interactions with the host plant are discussed, including their capacity to fix nitrogen, nodule the host plant, produce cytokinins, auxin and enzymes involved in the induction of systemic resistance, such as pectinase and cellulase, and therefore plant growth promotion. In addition, bacteria belonging to this group can be used to reduce environmental contamination because they are able to degrade toxic compounds, tolerate high heavy metal concentrations, and increase plant tolerance to these compounds. Moreover, genome sequencing and omics approaches have revealed genes related to plant-bacteria interactions that may be important for developing strains able to promote plant growth and protection against phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daiene Souza Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welington Luiz Araújo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Jayashree S, Annapurna B, Jayakumar R, Sa T, Seshadri S. Screening and characterization of alkaline protease produced by a pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) strain, MSF 46. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Woo HL, Hazen TC, Simmons BA, DeAngelis KM. Enzyme activities of aerobic lignocellulolytic bacteria isolated from wet tropical forest soils. Syst Appl Microbiol 2013; 37:60-7. [PMID: 24238986 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulolytic bacteria have promised to be a fruitful source of new enzymes for next-generation lignocellulosic biofuel production. Puerto Rican tropical forest soils were targeted because the resident microbes decompose biomass quickly and to near-completion. Isolates were initially screened based on growth on cellulose or lignin in minimal media. 75 Isolates were further tested for the following lignocellulolytic enzyme activities: phenol oxidase, peroxidase, β-d-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, β-xylopyranosidase, chitinase, CMCase, and xylanase. Cellulose-derived isolates possessed elevated β-d-glucosidase, CMCase, and cellobiohydrolase activity but depressed phenol oxidase and peroxidase activity, while the contrary was true of lignin isolates, suggesting that these bacteria are specialized to subsist on cellulose or lignin. Cellobiohydrolase and phenol oxidase activity rates could classify lignin and cellulose isolates with 61% accuracy, which demonstrates the utility of model degradation assays. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, all isolates belonged to phyla dominant in the Puerto Rican soils, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, suggesting that many dominant taxa are capable of the rapid lignocellulose degradation characteristic of these soils. The isolated genera Aquitalea, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, Gordonia, and Paenibacillus represent rarely or never before studied lignolytic or cellulolytic species and were undetected by metagenomic analysis of the soils. The study revealed a relationship between phylogeny and lignocellulose-degrading potential, supported by Kruskal-Wallis statistics which showed that enzyme activities of cultivated phyla and genera were different enough to be considered representatives of distinct populations. This can better inform future experiments and enzyme discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Woo
- Microbial Communities Group, Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, United States; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, United States
| | - Terry C Hazen
- Microbial Communities Group, Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, United States; Earth Sciences Division, Ecology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, United States; Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, United States; Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, The University of Tennessee, United States; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States
| | - Blake A Simmons
- Microbial Communities Group, Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, United States; Biomass Science and Conversion Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, United States
| | - Kristen M DeAngelis
- Microbial Communities Group, Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, United States; Earth Sciences Division, Ecology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States; Microbiology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States.
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Dourado MN, Andreote FD, Dini-Andreote F, Conti R, Araújo JM, Araújo WL. Analysis of 16S rRNA and mxaF genes revealing insights into Methylobacterium niche-specific plant association. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:142-8. [PMID: 22481887 PMCID: PMC3313503 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012005000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Methylobacterium comprises pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacteria, known to be an important plant-associated bacterial group. Species of this group, described as plant-nodulating, have the dual capacity of producing cytokinin and enzymes, such as pectinase and cellulase, involved in systemic resistance induction and nitrogen fixation under specific plant environmental conditions. The aim hereby was to evaluate the phylogenetic distribution of Methylobacterium spp. isolates from different host plants. Thus, a comparative analysis between sequences from structural (16S rRNA) and functional mxaF (which codifies for a subunit of the enzyme methanol dehydrogenase) ubiquitous genes, was undertaken. Notably, some Methylobacterium spp. isolates are generalists through colonizing more than one host plant, whereas others are exclusively found in certain specific plant-species. Congruency between phylogeny and specific host inhabitance was higher in the mxaF gene than in the 16S rRNA, a possible indication of function-based selection in this niche. Therefore, in a first stage, plant colonization by Methylobacterium spp. could represent generalist behavior, possibly related to microbial competition and adaptation to a plant environment. Otherwise, niche-specific colonization is apparently impelled by the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuella Nóbrega Dourado
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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