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Genetics and Pathogenetic Role of Inflammasomes in Philadelphia Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020561. [PMID: 33429941 PMCID: PMC7827003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has been very important for the quantity of preclinical information obtained regarding chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and the following will be dedicated to the translational implications of the new biological acquisitions. The overcoming of the mechanistic model of clonal evolution and the entry of chronic inflammation and dysimmunity into the new model are the elements on which to base a part of future therapeutic strategies. The innate immune system plays a major role in this context. Protagonists of the initiation and regulation of many pathological aspects, from cytokine storms to fibrosis, the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes guide and condition the natural history of the disease. For this reason, MPNs share many biological and clinical aspects with non-neoplastic diseases, such as autoimmune disorders. Finally, cardiovascular risk and disturbances in iron metabolism and myelopoiesis are also closely linked to the role of inflammasomes. Although targeted therapies are already being tested, an increase in knowledge on the subject is desirable and potentially translates into better care for patients with MPNs.
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V. Giridharan V, Scaini G, Colpo GD, Doifode T, F. Pinjari O, Teixeira AL, Petronilho F, Macêdo D, Quevedo J, Barichello T. Clozapine Prevents Poly (I:C) Induced Inflammation by Modulating NLRP3 Pathway in Microglial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E577. [PMID: 32121312 PMCID: PMC7140445 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder that exhibits an interconnection between the immune system and the brain. Experimental and clinical studies have suggested the presence of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia. In the present study, the effect of antipsychotic drugs, including clozapine, risperidone, and haloperidol (10, 20 and 20 μM, respectively), on the production of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, INF-γ, and TNF-α was investigated in the unstimulated and polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid [poly (I:C)]-stimulated primary microglial cell cultures. In the unstimulated cultures, clozapine, risperidone, and haloperidol did not influence the cytokine levels. Nevertheless, in cell cultures under strong inflammatory activation by poly (I:C), clozapine reduced the levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-17. Risperidone and haloperidol both reduced the levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-17, and increased the levels of IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, and TNF-α. Based on the results that were obtained with the antipsychotic drugs and observing that clozapine presented with a more significant anti-inflammatory effect, clozapine was selected for the subsequent experiments. We compared the profile of cytokine suppression obtained with the use of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, CRID3 to that obtained with clozapine, to test our hypothesis that clozapine inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome. Clozapine and CRID3 both reduced the IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-17 levels. Clozapine reduced the level of poly (I:C)-activated NLRP3 expression by 57%, which was higher than the reduction thay was seen with CRID3 treatment (45%). These results suggest that clozapine might exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and this activity is not typical with the use of other antipsychotic drugs under the conditions of strong microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayasree V. Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Gabriela D. Colpo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Tejaswini Doifode
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Omar F. Pinjari
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Antônio L. Teixeira
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC 88700-000, Brazil;
| | - Danielle Macêdo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14000-000, Brazil;
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88800-000, Brazil
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; (V.V.G.); (G.S.); (G.D.C.); (T.D.); (O.F.P.); (A.L.T.); (J.Q.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC 88800-000, Brazil
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Pal A, Neo K, Rajamani L, Ferrer FJ, Lane DP, Verma CS, Mortellaro A. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by cell-permeable stapled peptides. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4913. [PMID: 30894604 PMCID: PMC6426897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a major cytokine that initiates and enhances inflammatory responses. Excessive IL-1β production is a characteristic of most chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, which affect a large proportion of the global population. The production of bioactive IL-1β is mediated by a caspase-1-activating complex known as an 'inflammasome'. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been associated with several human inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and represents a potential therapeutic target for disrupting IL-1β production. We used molecular modeling guided by molecular dynamics simulations to design α-helical stapled peptides targeting the pyrin domain of the adaptor protein ASC to interrupt the development of its filament, which is crucial for NLRP3 inflammasome formation. The peptides were effectively internalized by human monocytic cells and efficiently suppressed the release of the inflammasome-regulated cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, following exogenous activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The peptides reduced ASC speck formation and caspase-1 processing thereby suppressing pro-IL-1β processing and release of active IL-1β. This is the first demonstration of the successful use of stapled peptides designed to target the adaptor protein ASC, and can be extended to other inflammatory pathways to disrupt excessive IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumay Pal
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Kurt Neo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Lakshminarayanan Rajamani
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Fernando Jose Ferrer
- p53Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - David P Lane
- p53Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore. .,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore, 138648, Singapore. .,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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Purification and analysis of the interactions of caspase-1 and ASC for assembly of the inflammasome. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:2883-94. [PMID: 25567507 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular macromolecular complexes assembled to activate inflammatory caspases such as caspase-1 and caspase-5, which perform critical roles during innate immune response. The NALP3 inflammasome comprises three protein components, NALP3, ASC, and caspase-1. ASC, which contains both a pyrin domain (PYD) and a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), acts as a bridge to recruit NALP3 using the PYD/PYD interaction and to recruit caspase-1 via the CARD/CARD interaction. In this study, we successfully purified and characterized ASC CARD and caspase-1 CARD. The results showed that ASC CARD was unable to interact with caspase-1 CARD in vitro; therefore, we proposed an interaction mode between ASC CARD and caspase-1 CARD from a structural based modeling study.
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