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Fekete G, Sebők A, Klátyik S, Varga ZI, Grósz J, Czinkota I, Székács A, Aleksza L. Comparative Analysis of Laboratory-Based and Spectroscopic Methods Used to Estimate the Algal Density of Chlorella vulgaris. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1050. [PMID: 38930433 PMCID: PMC11205756 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorella vulgaris is of great importance in numerous exploratory or industrial applications (e.g., medicals, food, and feed additives). Rapid quantification of algal biomass is crucial in photobioreactors for the optimization of nutrient management and the estimation of production. The main goal of this study is to provide a simple, rapid, and not-resource-intensive estimation method for determining the algal density of C. vulgaris according to the measured parameters using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Comparative assessment measurements were conducted with seven different methods (e.g., filtration, evaporation, chlorophyll a extraction, and detection of optical density and fluorescence) to determine algal biomass. By analyzing the entire spectra of diluted algae samples, optimal wavelengths were determined through a stepwise series of linear regression analyses by a novel correlation scanning method, facilitating accurate parameter estimation. Nonlinear formulas for spectrometry-based estimation processes were derived for each parameter. As a result, a general formula for biomass concentration estimation was developed, with recommendations for suitable measuring devices based on algae concentration levels. New values for magnesium content and the average single-cell weight of C. vulgaris were established, in addition to the development of a rapid, semiautomated cell counting method, improving efficiency and accuracy in algae quantification for cultivation and biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Fekete
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - András Sebők
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - Szandra Klátyik
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - Zsolt István Varga
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - János Grósz
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - Imre Czinkota
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - András Székács
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
| | - László Aleksza
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (G.F.); (A.S.); (S.K.); (Z.I.V.); (J.G.); (I.C.); (L.A.)
- Profikomp Environmental Technologies Inc., Kühne Ede u. 7, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
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Purba LDA, Susanti H, Admirasari R, Praharyawan S, Taufikurahman, Iwamoto K. Bibliometric insights into microalgae cultivation in wastewater: Trends and future prospects for biolipid production and environmental sustainability. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120104. [PMID: 38242026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Cultivation of microalgae in wastewater stream has been extensively reported, especially for simultaneous production of biolipid and wastewater treatment process. This study aimed to derive the research trend and focus on biolipid production from microalgae cultivated in wastewater by using bibliometric approach. The search strategy used in Scopus database resulted in 1339 research articles from 1990 to November 2023. Majority of publications (46%) were affiliated to China and India, showing their predominance in this field. Keywords related to the center of attention included biodiesel, biofuel, biomass and nutrient removal. Meanwhile, keyword with recent publication year, indicating the emerging research trends, revolved around the cultivation techniques and application of the system. Co-culture involving more than one microalgae species, bacteria and yeast showed promising results, while addition of nanoparticles was also found to be beneficial. Increasing exploration on the application of microalgae for treatment of saline wastewater was also reported and the carbon fixation mechanism by microalgae has been widely investigated to promote less environmental impact. Future research on these topics were suggested based on the findings of the bibliometric analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Dina Amalia Purba
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
| | - Hani Susanti
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rahmania Admirasari
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Swastika Praharyawan
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Taufikurahman
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Koji Iwamoto
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia
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Efremenko E, Senko O, Stepanov N, Aslanli A, Maslova O, Lyagin I. Quorum Sensing as a Trigger That Improves Characteristics of Microbial Biocatalysts. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1395. [PMID: 37374897 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) of various microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, microalgae) today attracts the attention of researchers mainly from the point of view of clarifying the biochemical basics of this general biological phenomenon, establishing chemical compounds that regulate it, and studying the mechanisms of its realization. Such information is primarily aimed at its use in solving environmental problems and the development of effective antimicrobial agents. This review is oriented on other aspects of the application of such knowledge; in particular, it discusses the role of QS in the elaboration of various prospective biocatalytic systems for different biotechnological processes carried out under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (synthesis of enzymes, polysaccharides, organic acids, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the biotechnological aspects of QS application and the use of biocatalysts, which have a heterogeneous microbial composition. The priorities of how to trigger a quorum response in immobilized cells to maintain their long-term productive and stable metabolic functioning are also discussed. There are several approaches that can be realized: increase in cell concentration, introduction of inductors for synthesis of QS-molecules, addition of QS-molecules, and provoking competition between the participants of heterogeneous biocatalysts, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Senko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Stepanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aysel Aslanli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Maslova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Lyagin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Algal-fungal interactions and biomass production in wastewater treatment: Current status and future perspectives. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Bai S, Qiao B, Hou ZJ, Gao GR, Cao CY, Cheng JS, Yuan YJ. Mutualistic microbial community of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and recombinant Yarrowia lipolytica co-produced lipopeptides and fatty acids from food waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136864. [PMID: 36243085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion is an important method for transforming food waste (FW) into high value-added products, rendering it harmless, and recycling resources. An artificial microbial consortium (AMC) was constructed to produce FW-based lipopeptides in order to investigate the strategy of FW bioconversion into value-added products. Exogenous fatty acids as a precursor significantly improved the lipopeptide production of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HM618. To enhance fatty acid synthesis and efflux in AMC, the recombinant Yarrowia lipolytica YL21 (strain YL21) was constructed by screening 12 target genes related to fatty acids to replace exogenous fatty acids in order to improve lipopeptide production. The levels of fengycin, surfactin, and iturin A in the AMC of strains HM618 and YL21 reached 76.19, 192.80, and 31.32 mg L-1, increasing 7.24-, 12.13-, and 3.23-fold compared to the results from the pure culture of strain HM618 in flask with Landy medium, respectively. Furthermore, free fatty acids were almost undetectable in the co-culture of strains HM618 and YL21, although its level was around 1.25 g L-1 in the pure culture of strain YL21 with Landy medium. Interestingly, 470.24 mg L-1 of lipopeptides and 18.11 g L-1 of fatty acids were co-produced in this AMC in a bioreactor with FW medium. To our knowledge, it is the first report of FW biotransformation into co-produce of lipopeptides and fatty acids in the AMC of B. amyloliquefaciens and Y. lipolytica. These results provide new insights into the biotransformation potential of FW for value-added co-products by AMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Zheng-Jie Hou
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Geng-Rong Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Chun-Yang Cao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Jing-Sheng Cheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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Mittermeier F, Bäumler M, Arulrajah P, García Lima JDJ, Hauke S, Stock A, Weuster‐Botz D. Artificial microbial consortia for bioproduction processes. Eng Life Sci 2023; 23:e2100152. [PMID: 36619879 PMCID: PMC9815086 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of artificial microbial consortia for biotechnological production processes is an emerging field in research as it offers great potential for the improvement of established as well as the development of novel processes. In this review, we summarize recent highlights in the usage of various microbial consortia for the production of, for example, platform chemicals, biofuels, or pharmaceutical compounds. It aims to demonstrate the great potential of co-cultures by employing different organisms and interaction mechanisms and exploiting their respective advantages. Bacteria and yeasts often offer a broad spectrum of possible products, fungi enable the utilization of complex lignocellulosic substrates via enzyme secretion and hydrolysis, and microalgae can feature their abilities to fixate CO2 through photosynthesis for other organisms as well as to form lipids as potential fuelstocks. However, the complexity of interactions between microbes require methods for observing population dynamics within the process and modern approaches such as modeling or automation for process development. After shortly discussing these interaction mechanisms, we aim to present a broad variety of successfully established co-culture processes to display the potential of artificial microbial consortia for the production of biotechnological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mittermeier
- Department of Energy and Process EngineeringTUM School of Engineering and DesignChair of Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Miriam Bäumler
- Department of Energy and Process EngineeringTUM School of Engineering and DesignChair of Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Prasika Arulrajah
- TUM School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | | | - Sebastian Hauke
- TUM School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Anna Stock
- TUM School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Dirk Weuster‐Botz
- Department of Energy and Process EngineeringTUM School of Engineering and DesignChair of Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
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Fungal Contamination in Microalgal Cultivation: Biological and Biotechnological Aspects of Fungi-Microalgae Interaction. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101099. [PMID: 36294664 PMCID: PMC9605242 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the increasing interest in microalgae as sources of new biomolecules and environmental remediators stimulated scientists’ investigations and industrial applications. Nowadays, microalgae are exploited in different fields such as cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals and as human and animal food supplements. Microalgae can be grown using various cultivation systems depending on their final application. One of the main problems in microalgae cultivations is the possible presence of biological contaminants. Fungi, among the main contaminants in microalgal cultures, are able to influence the production and quality of biomass significantly. Here, we describe fungal contamination considering both shortcomings and benefits of fungi-microalgae interactions, highlighting the biological aspects of this interaction and the possible biotechnological applications.
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Ye Z, Sun T, Hao H, He Y, Liu X, Guo M, Chen G. Optimising nutrients in the culture medium of Rhodosporidium toruloides enhances lipids production. AMB Express 2021; 11:149. [PMID: 34778908 PMCID: PMC8590987 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodosporidium toruloides is a useful oleaginous yeast, but lipids production is affected by various factors including nutrients in the culture medium. Herein, the R-ZL2 high-yield mutant strain was used to investigate the effects of different carbon sources (sucrose, glucose, xylose), nitrogen sources (ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate), and C/N ratio on lipids production capacity, get the following conclusion (1) Compared with glucose and xylose, sucrose was a superior carbon source for lipids production; (2) When using ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (10.7 g/L, 6.32 g/L and 59%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N conditions have potential for biodiesel production (except for C/N = 40 and C/N = 80); (3) When using ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (12.1 g/L, 8.25 g/L and 65%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N ratio conditions have potential for biodiesel production. Thus, a combination of sucrose and ammonium nitrate was optimal for the lipid accumulation in R-ZL2. The findings will lay a foundation for further improving lipids yields.
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Liu C, Hu B, Cheng Y, Guo Y, Yao W, Qian H. Carotenoids from fungi and microalgae: A review on their recent production, extraction, and developments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125398. [PMID: 34139560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The demand for carotenoids from natural sources obtained by biological extraction methods is increasing with the development of biotechnology and the continued awareness of food safety. Natural plant-derived carotenoids have a relatively high production cost and are affected by the season, while microbial-derived carotenoids are favored due to their natural, high-efficiency, low production cost, and ease of industrialization. This article reviewed the following aspects of natural carotenoids derived from microorganisms: (1) the structures and properties of main carotenoids; (2) fungal and microalgal sources of the main carotenoids; (3) influencing factors and modes of improvement for carotenoids production; (4) efficient extraction methods for carotenoids; and (5) the commercial value of carotenoids. This review provided a reference and guidance for the development of natural carotenoids derived from microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
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Yin P, Yu T, Liu J, Zhang X. Harvesting of Rhodotorula glutinis via Polyaluminum Chloride or Cationic Polyacrylamide Using the Extended DLVO Theory. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2717-2728. [PMID: 33830424 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) play a crucial role for separating microorganisms from bulk media. However, the mechanism of adsorption between cells and flocculants remain to be further defined to improve the flocculation efficiency (FE) in extreme conditions. This study conducted the flocculation process of Rhodotorula glutinis induced by PAC and CPAM, firstly. The result demonstrated that CPAM possessed more efficient harvesting ability for R. glutinis compared to PAC. The difference of flocculation capacity was then thermodynamically explained by the extended DLVO (eDLVO) theory; it turned out that the poor harvesting efficiency of PAC was attributed to lacking of binding sites as well as low adsorption force within particles. Based on this, the FE of PAC to R. glutinis was mechanically enhanced to 99.84% from 32.89% with 0.2 g/L CPAM modification at an optimum pH of 9. Also, the paper will play a guiding role in the treatment of inorganic salt ions and organic matters in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Bai Wan Zhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Yu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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Biorefinery-Based Approach to Exploit Mixed Cultures of Lipomyces starkeyi and Chloroidium saccharophilum for Single Cell Oil Production. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14051340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mutualistic interactions between the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi and the green microalga Chloroidium saccharophilum in mixed cultures were investigated to exploit possible synergistic effects. In fact, microalga could act as an oxygen generator for the yeast, while the yeast could provide carbon dioxide to microalga. The behavior of the two microorganisms alone and in mixed culture was studied in two synthetic media (YEG and BBM + G) before moving on to a real model represented by the hydrolysate of Arundo donax, used as low-cost feedstock, and previously subjected to steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis. The overall lipid content and lipid productivity obtained in the mixed culture of YEG, BBM + G and for the hydrolysate of Arundo donax were equal to 0.064, 0.064 and 0.081 glipid·gbiomass−1 and 30.14, 35.56 and 37.22 mglipid·L−1·day−1, respectively. The mixed cultures, in all cases, proved to be the most performing compared to the individual ones. In addition, this study provided new input for the integration of Single Cell Oil (SCO) production with agro-industrial feedstock, and the fatty acid distribution mainly consisting of stearic (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) allows promising applications in biofuels, cosmetics, food additives and other products of industrial interest.
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