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Foppa C, Rizkala T, Repici A, Hassan C, Spinelli A. Microbiota and IBD: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:911-922. [PMID: 38008696 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting disease with a remarkable increase in incidence worldwide and a substantial disease burden. Although the pathophysiology is not fully elucidated yet an aberrant immune reaction against the intestinal microbiota and the gut microbial dysbiosis have been identified to play a major role. The composition of gut microbiota in IBD patients is distinct from that of healthy individuals, with certain organisms predominating over others. Differences in the microbial dysbiosis have been also observed between Crohn Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). A disruption of the microbiota's balance can lead to inflammation and intestinal damage. Microbiota composition in IBD can be affected both by endogenous (i.e., interaction with the immune system and intestinal epithelial cells) and exogenous (i.e., medications, surgery, diet) factors. The complex interplay between the gut microbiota and IBD is an area of great interest for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing new treatments. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest evidence on the role of microbiota in IBD pathogenesis and to explore possible future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Foppa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommy Rizkala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Spinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy.
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Huang Z, Huang X, Huang Y, Liang K, Chen L, Zhong C, Chen Y, Chen C, Wang Z, He F, Qin M, Long C, Tang B, Huang Y, Wu Y, Mo X, Weizhong T, Liu J. Identification of KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota in colorectal cancer and construction of predictive machine learning model. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0272023. [PMID: 38572984 PMCID: PMC11064510 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02720-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has demonstrated an increasingly important role in the onset and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonetheless, the association between gut microbiota and KRAS mutation in CRC remains enigmatic. We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing on stool samples from 94 CRC patients and employed the linear discriminant analysis effect size algorithm to identify distinct gut microbiota between KRAS mutant and KRAS wild-type CRC patients. Transcriptome sequencing data from nine CRC patients were transformed into a matrix of immune infiltrating cells, which was then utilized to explore KRAS mutation-associated biological functions, including Gene Ontology items and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlations among these KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota, host immunity, and KRAS mutation-associated biological functions. At last, we developed a predictive random forest (RF) machine learning model to predict the KRAS mutation status in CRC patients, based on the gut microbiota associated with KRAS mutation. We identified a total of 26 differential gut microbiota between both groups. Intriguingly, a significant positive correlation was observed between Bifidobacterium spp. and mast cells, as well as between Bifidobacterium longum and chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Additionally, we also observed a notable negative correlation between Bifidobacterium and GOMF:proteasome binding. The RF model constructed using the KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota demonstrated qualified efficacy in predicting the KRAS phenotype in CRC. Our study ascertained the presence of 26 KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota in CRC and speculated that Bifidobacterium may exert an essential role in preventing CRC progression, which appeared to correlate with the upregulation of mast cells and CX3CR1 expression, as well as the downregulation of GOMF:proteasome binding. Furthermore, the RF model constructed on the basis of KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota exhibited substantial potential in predicting KRAS mutation status in CRC patients.IMPORTANCEGut microbiota has emerged as an essential player in the onset and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between gut microbiota and KRAS mutation in CRC remains elusive. Our study not only identified a total of 26 gut microbiota associated with KRAS mutation in CRC but also unveiled their significant correlations with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune-related genes, and biological pathways (Gene Ontology items and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways). We speculated that Bifidobacterium may play a crucial role in impeding CRC progression, potentially linked to the upregulation of mast cells and CX3CR1 expression, as well as the downregulation of GOMF:Proteasome binding. Furthermore, based on the KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota, the RF model exhibited promising potential in the prediction of KRAS mutation status for CRC patients. Overall, the findings of our study offered fresh insights into microbiological research and clinical prediction of KRAS mutation status for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigui Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yili Huang
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kunmei Liang
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chuzhuo Zhong
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chuanbin Chen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Fuhai He
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Mingjian Qin
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Chenyan Long
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Binzhe Tang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yongzhi Wu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Tang Weizhong
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jungang Liu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Zhu C, Li S. Role of CRH in colitis and colitis-associated cancer: a combinative result of central and peripheral effects? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1363748. [PMID: 38616821 PMCID: PMC11010637 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1363748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor family peptides (CRF peptides) comprise corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), urocortin (UCN1), UCN2 and UCN3. CRH is first isolated in the brain and later with UCNs found in many peripheral cells/tissues including the colon. CRH and UCNs function via the two types of receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, with CRH mainly acting on CRF1, UCN1 on both CRF1 &CRF2 and UCN2-3 on CRF2. Compiling evidence shows that CRH participates in inflammation and cancers via both indirect central effects related to stress response and direct peripheral influence. CRH, as a stress-response mediator, plays a significant central role in promoting the development of colitis involving colon motility, immunity and gut flora, while a few anti-colitis results of central CRH are also reported. Moreover, CRH is found to directly influence the motility and immune/inflammatory cells in the colon. Likewise, CRH is believed to be greatly related to tumorigenesis of many kinds of cancers including colon cancer via the central action during chronic stress while the peripheral effects on colitis-associated-colon cancer (CAC) are also proved. We and others observe that CRH/CRF1 plays a significant peripheral role in the development of colitis and CAC in that CRF1 deficiency dramatically suppresses the colon inflammation and CAC. However, up to date, there still exist not many relevant experimental data on this topic, and there seems to be no absolute clearcut between the central and direct peripheral effects of CRH in colitis and colon cancer. Taken together, CRH, as a critical factor in stress and immunity, may participate in colitis and CAC as a centrally active molecule; meanwhile, CRH has direct peripheral effects regulating the development of colitis and CAC, both of which will be summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Qingbo L, Jing Z, Zhanbo Q, Jian C, Yifei S, Yinhang W, Shuwen H. Identification of enterotype and its predictive value for patients with colorectal cancer. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:12. [PMID: 38414077 PMCID: PMC10897996 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota dysbiosis involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The characteristics of enterotypes in CRC development have not been determined. OBJECTIVE To characterize the gut microbiota of healthy, adenoma, and CRC subjects based on enterotype. METHODS The 16 S rRNA sequencing data from 315 newly sequenced individuals and three previously published datasets were collected, providing total data for 367 healthy, 320 adenomas, and 415 CRC subjects. Enterotypes were analyzed for all samples, and differences in microbiota composition across subjects with different disease states in each enterotype were determined. The predictive values of a random forest classifier based on enterotype in distinguishing healthy, adenoma, and CRC subjects were evaluated and validated. RESULTS Subjects were classified into one of three enterotypes, namely, Bacteroide- (BA_E), Blautia- (BL_E), and Streptococcus- (S_E) dominated clusters. The taxonomic profiles of these three enterotypes differed among the healthy, adenoma, and CRC cohorts. BA_E group was enriched with Bacteroides and Blautia; BL_E group was enriched by Blautia and Coprococcus; S_E was enriched by Streptococcus and Ruminococcus. Relative abundances of these genera varying among the three human cohorts. In training and validation sets, the S_E cluster showed better performance in distinguishing among CRC patients, adenoma patients, and healthy controls, as well as between CRC and non-CRC individuals, than the other two clusters. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence to indicate that changes in the microbial composition of enterotypes are associated with disease status, thereby highlighting the diagnostic potential of enterotypes in the treatment of adenoma and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qingbo
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qu Zhanbo
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Jian
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yifei
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yinhang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Shuwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China.
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Confessor MVA, Agreles MAA, Campos LADA, Silva Neto AF, Borges JC, Martins RM, Scavuzzi AML, Lopes ACS, Kretzschmar EADM, Cavalcanti IMF. Olive oil nanoemulsion containing curcumin: antimicrobial agent against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:241. [PMID: 38413482 PMCID: PMC10899360 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The present work aimed to develop, characterize, and evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of two nanoemulsions (NEs) containing 500 µg/mL of curcumin from Curcuma longa (CUR). These NEs, produced with heating, contain olive oil (5%) and the surfactants tween 80 (5%) and span 80 (2.5%), water q.s. 100 mL, and were stable for 120 days. NE-2-CUR presented Ø of 165.40 ± 2.56 nm, PDI of 0.254, ζ of - 33.20 ± 1.35 mV, pH of 6.49, and Entrapment Drug Efficiency (EE) of 99%. The NE-4-CUR showed a Ø of 105.70 ± 4.13 nm, PDI of 0.459, ζ of - 32.10 ± 1.45 mV, pH of 6.40 and EE of 99.29%. Structural characterization was performed using DRX and FTIR, thermal characterization using DSC and TG, and morphological characterization using SEM, suggesting that there is no significant change in the CUR present in the NEs and that they remain stable. The MIC was performed by the broth microdilution method for nine gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates resistant to antibiotics and biofilm and efflux pump producers. The NEs mostly showed a bacteriostatic profile. The MIC varied between 125 and 250 µg/mL. The most sensitive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, for which NE-2-CUR showed a MIC of 125 µg/mL. The NEs and ceftazidime (CAZ) interaction was also evaluated against the K. pneumoniae resistant clinical isolates using the Checkerboard method. NE-2-CUR and NE-4-CUR showed a synergistic or additive profile; there was a reduction in CAZ MICs between 256 times (K26-A2) and 2 times (K29-A2). Furthermore, the NEs inhibited these isolates biofilms formation. The NEs showed a MBIC ranging from 15.625 to 250 µg/mL. Thus, the NEs showed physicochemical characteristics suitable for future clinical trials, enhancing the CAZ antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, thus becoming a promising strategy for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae. KEY POINTS: • The NEs showed physicochemical characteristics suitable for future clinical trials. • The NEs showed a synergistic/additive profile, when associated with ceftazidime. • The NEs inhibited biofilm formation of clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maine Virgínia Alves Confessor
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
- University Center UNIFACISA, Manoel Cardoso Palhano, 124-152, Itararé, CEP, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58408-326, Brazil.
| | - Maria Anndressa Alves Agreles
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Luís André de Almeida Campos
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Azael Francisco Silva Neto
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Joyce Cordeiro Borges
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Molina Martins
- University Center UNIFACISA, Manoel Cardoso Palhano, 124-152, Itararé, CEP, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58408-326, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Catarina Souza Lopes
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Prof. Moraes Rego Avenue, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Khan M, Shah S, Shah W, Khan I, Ali H, Ali I, Ullah R, Wang X, Mehmood A, Wang Y. Gut microbiome as a treatment in colorectal cancer. Int Rev Immunol 2024; 43:229-247. [PMID: 38343353 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2312294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome plays a role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). AIM AND OBJECTIVE This review focuses on whether the gut microbiome is involved in the development and regulation of the host immune system. METHODS The gut microbiome can influence the production and activity of immune cells and molecules that help to maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier and prevent inflammation. Gut microbiota modulates the anti-cancer immune response. The gut microbiota can influence the function of immune cells, like T cells, that recognize and eliminate cancer cells. Gut microbiota can affect various aspects of cancer progression and the efficacy of various anti-cancer treatments. RESULTS Gut microbiota provide promise as a potential biomarker to identify the effect of immunotherapy and as a target for modulation to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC treatment. CONCLUSION The potential synergistic effect between the gut microbiome and anti-cancer treatment modalities provides an interest in developing strategies to modulate the gut microbiome to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Khan
- International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, School of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Suleman Shah
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wahid Shah
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ikram Khan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hamid Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Department of Genetics, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, City Shijiazhuang, Province Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, School of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xu H. Potential therapeutic target for polysaccharide inhibition of colon cancer progression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1325491. [PMID: 38264044 PMCID: PMC10804854 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1325491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, colon cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, posing a great threat to human health. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides have rich biological activities and medicinal value, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and immune-enhancing effects, especially with potential anti-colon cancer mechanisms. Natural polysaccharides can not only protect and enhance the homeostasis of the intestinal environment but also exert a direct inhibition effect on cancer cells, making it a promising strategy for treating colon cancer. Preliminary clinical experiments have demonstrated that oral administration of low and high doses of citrus pectin polysaccharides can reduce tumor volume in mice by 38% (p < 0.02) and 70% (p < 0.001), respectively. These results are encouraging. However, there are relatively few clinical studies on the effectiveness of polysaccharide therapy for colon cancer, and ensuring the effective bioavailability of polysaccharides in the body remains a challenge. In this article, we elucidate the impact of the physicochemical factors of polysaccharides on their anticancer effects and then reveal the anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides on colon cancer. Finally, we emphasize the challenges of using polysaccharides in the treatment of colon cancer and discuss future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Souza VGP, Forder A, Pewarchuk ME, Telkar N, de Araujo RP, Stewart GL, Vieira J, Reis PP, Lam WL. The Complex Role of the Microbiome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Development and Progression. Cells 2023; 12:2801. [PMID: 38132121 PMCID: PMC10741843 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between microorganisms in the surrounding environment and cancer cells. While the tumor microenvironment predominantly comprises cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells, emerging research highlights the significant contributions of microbial cells to tumor development and progression. Although the impact of the gut microbiome on treatment response in lung cancer is well established, recent investigations indicate complex roles of lung microbiota in lung cancer. This article focuses on recent findings on the human lung microbiome and its impacts in cancer development and progression. We delve into the characteristics of the lung microbiome and its influence on lung cancer development. Additionally, we explore the characteristics of the intratumoral microbiome, the metabolic interactions between lung tumor cells, and how microorganism-produced metabolites can contribute to cancer progression. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on the lung microbiome and its implications for the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Additionally, this review discusses the potential for therapeutic modulation of the microbiome to establish lung cancer prevention strategies and optimize lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G. P. Souza
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Aisling Forder
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | | | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Rachel Paes de Araujo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Greg L. Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Juliana Vieira
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Patricia P. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Wan L. Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
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Lagoumintzis G, Patrinos GP. Triangulating nutrigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics toward personalized nutrition and healthy living. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:109. [PMID: 38062537 PMCID: PMC10704648 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00561-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique physiological and genetic characteristics of individuals influence their reactions to different dietary constituents and nutrients. This notion is the foundation of personalized nutrition. The field of nutrigenetics has witnessed significant progress in understanding the impact of genetic variants on macronutrient and micronutrient levels and the individual's responsiveness to dietary intake. These variants hold significant value in facilitating the development of personalized nutritional interventions, thereby enabling the effective translation from conventional dietary guidelines to genome-guided nutrition. Nevertheless, certain obstacles could impede the extensive implementation of individualized nutrition, which is still in its infancy, such as the polygenic nature of nutrition-related pathologies. Consequently, many disorders are susceptible to the collective influence of multiple genes and environmental interplay, wherein each gene exerts a moderate to modest effect. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that diseases emerge because of the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and external environmental influences. In the context of this specific paradigm, the utilization of advanced "omic" technologies, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiome analysis, in conjunction with comprehensive phenotyping, has the potential to unveil hitherto undisclosed hereditary elements and interactions between genes and the environment. This review aims to provide up-to-date information regarding the fundamentals of personalized nutrition, specifically emphasizing the complex triangulation interplay among microbiota, dietary metabolites, and genes. Furthermore, it highlights the intestinal microbiota's unique makeup, its influence on nutrigenomics, and the tailoring of dietary suggestions. Finally, this article provides an overview of genotyping versus microbiomics, focusing on investigating the potential applications of this knowledge in the context of tailored dietary plans that aim to improve human well-being and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Lagoumintzis
- Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
| | - George P Patrinos
- Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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10
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Le D, Chambers MM, Mercado K, Gutowski CJ. Characterization of the gut microbiome in an osteosarcoma mouse model. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2730-2739. [PMID: 37246455 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Compelling evidence has mounted surrounding the relationship between the gut microbiome and many intestinal and extraintestinal cancers. Few studies exist investigating the relationship between the gut microbiome and sarcoma. We hypothesize that the presence of distant osteosarcoma induces change to the profile of flora within the mouse. Twelve mice were used for this experiment: six were sedated and received an injection of human osteosarcoma cells into the flank, while six served as controls. Baseline stool and weight were collected. Tumor size and mouse weight were recorded weekly, and stool samples were collected and stored. Fecal microbiomes of the mice were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analyzed for alpha diversity, relative abundances of microbial taxa, and abundance of specific bacteria at different time points. Alpha diversity was increased in the osteosarcoma group compared with the control group. The family Lachnospiraceae had the second strongest negative net average change in relative abundance over time in the osteosarcoma group whereas it had a positive net average change in the control group. An increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio was observed in the osteosarcoma group relative to the control mice. These differences suggest that there may be an interplay between the gut microbiome and osteosarcoma. Clinical significance: Due to the paucity of literature available, our work can support novel research on this relationship and the development of new, personalized treatments for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Le
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inspira Medical Center, Vineland, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Kayla Mercado
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christina J Gutowski
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
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11
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He M, Cao ZF, Huang L, Zhong WJ, Xu XM, Zeng XL, Wang J. Correlation between the expressions of metastasis-associated factor-1 in colon cancer and vacuolar ATP synthase. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:2463-2469. [PMID: 38111774 PMCID: PMC10725535 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i11.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical prognosis often worsens due to high recurrence rates following radical surgery for colon cancer. The examination of high-risk recurrence factors post-surgery provides critical insights for disease evaluation and treatment planning. AIM To explore the relationship between metastasis-associated factor-1 in colon cancer (MACC1) and vacuolar ATP synthase (V-ATPase) expression in colon cancer tissues, and recurrence rate in patients undergoing radical colon cancer surgery. METHODS We selected 104 patients treated with radical colon cancer surgery at our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021. Immunohistochemical staining was utilized to assess the expression levels of MACC1 and V-ATPase in these patients. RESULTS The rates of MACC1 and V-ATPase positivity were 64.42% and 67.31%, respectively, in colon cancer tissues, which were significantly higher than in paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Among patients with TNM stage III, medium to low differentiation, and lymph node metastasis, the positive rates of MACC1 and V-ATPase were significantly elevated in comparison to patients with TNM stage I-II, high differentiation, and no lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The rate of MACC1 positivity was 76.67% in patients with tumor diameters > 5 cm, notably higher than in patients with tumor diameters ≤ 5 cm (P < 0.05). We observed a positive correlation between MACC1 and V-ATPase expression (rs = 0.797, P < 0.05). The positive rates of MACC1 and V-ATPase were significantly higher in patients with recurrence compared to those without (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, MACC1 expression, and V-ATPase expression as risk factors for postoperative colon cancer recurrence (OR = 6.322, 3.435, 2.683, and 2.421; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The upregulated expression of MACC1 and V-ATPase in colon cancer patients appears to correlate with clinicopathological features and post-radical surgery recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zuo-Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xue-Ming Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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12
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Li Q. Bacterial infection and microbiota in carcinogenesis and tumor development. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1294082. [PMID: 38035341 PMCID: PMC10684967 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1294082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota colonize exposed body tissues (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, skin, lungs, female genital tract, and urogenital tracts) and unexposed sites (e.g., breast). Persistent bacterial infection in the host lead to the development of multiple disease. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of various complex diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and malignant diseases. Amounting studies have demonstrated the role of bacterial infection in carcinogenesis. The study of microbiota in tumorigenesis is primarily focused on lung cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), breast cancer, gastric cancer, and gynecologic tumors, and so on. Infection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer carcinogenesis is recognized as class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) decades ago. The role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the development of colorectal cancer is extensively investigated. Variable bacteria have been cultured from the tumor tissues. The identification of microbiota in multiple tumor tissues reveal that bacterial infection and microbiota are associated with tumor development. The microbiota affects multiple aspects of carcinogenesis and tumor development, including favoring epithelial cells proliferation, establishing inflammatory microenvironment, promoting metastasis, and causing resistance to therapy. On the other hand, microbiota can shape a tumor surveillance environment by enhancing cell activity, and sensitize the tumor cells to immune therapy. In the present review, the roles of microbiota in multiple malignancies are summarized, and unraveling the mechanisms of host-microbiota interactions can contribute to a better understanding of the interaction between microbiota and host cells, also the development of potential anti-tumor therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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13
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Alrushaid N, Khan FA, Al-Suhaimi E, Elaissari A. Progress and Perspectives in Colon Cancer Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatments. Diseases 2023; 11:148. [PMID: 37987259 PMCID: PMC10660546 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, colon cancer is the third most frequent malignancy and the second most common cause of death. Although it can strike anybody at any age, colon cancer mostly affects the elderly. Small, non-cancerous cell clusters inside the colon, commonly known as polyps, are typically where colon cancer growth starts. But over time, if left untreated, these benign polyps may develop into malignant tissues and develop into colon cancer. For the diagnosis of colon cancer, with routine inspection of the colon region for polyps, several techniques, including colonoscopy and cancer scanning, are used. In the case identifying the polyps in the colon area, efforts are being taken to surgically remove the polyps as quickly as possible before they become malignant. If the polyps become malignant, then colon cancer treatment strategies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, are applied to the patients. Despite the recent improvements in diagnosis and prognosis, the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a challenging task. The objective of this review was to discuss how CRC is initiated, and its various developmental stages, pathophysiology, and risk factors, and also to explore the current state of colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as recent advancements in the field, such as new screening methods and targeted therapies. We examined the limitations of current methods and discussed the ongoing need for research and development in this area. While this topic may be serious and complex, we hope to engage and inform our audience on this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Alrushaid
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ebtesam Al-Suhaimi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Institute of Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
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14
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Deng X, Yang J, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang C, Suo H, Song J. An Update on the Pivotal Roles of Probiotics, Their Components, and Metabolites in Preventing Colon Cancer. Foods 2023; 12:3706. [PMID: 37835359 PMCID: PMC10572180 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet, lifestyle, and gut microbiota composition are key risk factors for the progression of colon cancer. Probiotics are living microorganisms that can offer health benefits to the parasitifer when ingested in competent quantities. Several in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies have demonstrated that probiotics can prevent and mitigate the development of colon cancer. The anti-colon cancer mechanisms of probiotics include the suppression of cell proliferation and the promotion of cancer cell apoptosis, immunomodulation, the modulation of intestinal microorganisms and their metabolism, strengthening the intestinal barrier, and antioxidant effects. This article describes the pathogenesis of colon cancer and the available therapeutic options. In addition, this paper reviews the mechanisms by which probiotics mitigate colon cancer as well as the mitigating effects of probiotic components and metabolites on colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing & Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.D.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (C.W.); (H.S.)
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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16
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He Q, Niu M, Bi J, Du N, Liu S, Yang K, Li H, Yao J, Du Y, Duan Y. Protective effects of a new generation of probiotic Bacteroides fragilis against colitis in vivo and in vitro. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15842. [PMID: 37740010 PMCID: PMC10517118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis, one of the potential next-generation probiotics, but its protective mechanism is not yet known. We aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory effect of B. fragilisATCC25285 and to elucidate its mechanism through in vivo and in vitro experiments. An in vitro model of inflammation by induction of colonic cells with TNF-a, and co-cultured with B. fragilis to detect cell viability, apoptosis and invasive capacity. Furthermore, critical proteins of the TLR/NF-κB pathway and the inflammatory cytokines were measured. For animal trials, C57BL/6 J male mice were orally administered B. fragilis or PBS once daily for 21 days. Colitis was induced by drinking 2.5% DSS from days 0 to 7. The mice were weighed daily and rectal bleeding, stool condition and blood in the stool were recorded. We found that B. fragilis treatment alone was harmless and had no effect on cell viability or apoptosis. While predictably TNF-α decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis, B. fragilis attenuated this deterioration. The NF-κB pathway and inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β activated by TNF-α were also blocked by B. fragilis. Notably, the metabolic supernatant of B. fragilis also has an anti-inflammatory effect. Animal studies showed that live B. fragilis rather than dead strain ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by weight loss, shortened colon length and enhanced barrier function. The colonic tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were decreased and IL-10 was increased as a result of B. fragilis administration. In conclusion, B. fragilis ATCC25285 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects whether in vivo or in vitro, and it may be a potential probiotic agent for improving colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Min Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jiandie Bi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Na Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Shumin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Huanqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Yong Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.
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17
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Thompson N, Gatenby G, Waddell O, Purcell R, Keenan J, Pearson JF, Frizelle F, Glyn T. Early onset colorectal cancer in Canterbury, New Zealand. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2148-2154. [PMID: 36852900 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall incidence of colorectal cancer is decreasing in much of the world, yet the incidence in those under 50 years of age is increasing (early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC)). The reasons for this are unclear. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical, pathological and familial characteristics of patients with EOCRC and their oncological outcomes and compare this with previously published data on late onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC). METHODS A retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with EOCRC in Canterbury between 2010 and 2017 was conducted. Data was collected on demographics, family history, treatment, and oncologic outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated to assess overall survival based on disease stage. RESULTS During the study period (2010-2017) there were 3340 colorectal cancers diagnosed in Canterbury, of which 201 (6%) were in patients under 50 years (range: 17-49). Of these, 87 (43.3%) were female and 125 (62.2%) were aged between 40 and 49 years. 28 (13.9%) were associated with hereditary conditions. Of the 201 patients, 139 (69.2%) had rectal or left-sided cancers. 142 (70.6%) patients presented with either stage 3 or 4 disease and the 5-year overall survival by stage was 79.1% and 14.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION EOCRC is increasing and usually presents as distal left sided cancers, and often at an advanced stage. They do not appear to have the common risk factors of family history or inherited pre-disposition for colorectal cancer. Planning by healthcare providers for this epidemiological change is imperative in investigating symptomatic patients under 50 and optimizing early detection and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasya Thompson
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Grace Gatenby
- Department of Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Oliver Waddell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jacqui Keenan
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Francis Frizelle
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tamara Glyn
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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18
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Cao Q, Guo J, Chang S, Huang Z, Luo Q. Gut microbiota and acne: A Mendelian randomization study. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13473. [PMID: 37753688 PMCID: PMC10507220 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior observational studies have identified a relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and the onset of acne. To ascertain the causal relationship underlying this association, we adopted the Mendelian randomization (MR) method, which offers a powerful approach to causal inference. METHODS Summary statistics on gut microbiota and acne were obtained from the MiBioGen and FinnGen consortium, respectively. The causal relationship was assessed using multiple methods in a two-sample framework, including MR Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW), and weighted mode. Furthermore, the heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy analyses were conducted, along with the leave-one-out method. RESULTS The IVW estimation indicated that Allisonella (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-1.70, p = 0.0002) and Bacteroides (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.48-3.42, p = 0.0001) have adverse effects on acne. By contrast, Ruminococcus torques group (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.25-0.65, p = 0.0002) showed a beneficial effect on acne. In addition, Candidatus soleaferrea (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60-0.95, p = 0.0149), Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.47-0.95, p = 0.0230), Fusicatenibacter (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.52-0.97, p = 0.02897), and Lactobacillus (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.58-0.90, p = 0.0046) showed suggestive associations with acne. CONCLUSION The present investigation suggests a causal effect of gut microbiota on acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Cao
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryJiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangmenChina
| | - Jinyan Guo
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryJiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangmenChina
| | - Shuangqing Chang
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryJiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangmenChina
| | - Zhifang Huang
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryJiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangmenChina
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Clinical Medical CollegeJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
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19
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Shakhpazyan N, Mikhaleva L, Bedzhanyan A, Gioeva Z, Sadykhov N, Mikhalev A, Atiakshin D, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Orekhov A. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of the Tumor Stroma in Colorectal Cancer: Insights into Disease Progression and Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2361. [PMID: 37760801 PMCID: PMC10525158 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden worldwide and is the third most common type of cancer. The early detection and diagnosis of CRC is critical to improve patient outcomes. This review explores the intricate interplay between the tumor microenvironment, stromal interactions, and the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer. The review begins by assessing the gut microbiome's influence on CRC development, emphasizing its association with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). The role of the Wnt signaling pathway in CRC tumor stroma is scrutinized, elucidating its impact on disease progression. Tumor budding, its effect on tumor stroma, and the implications for patient prognosis are investigated. The review also identifies conserved oncogenic signatures (COS) within CRC stroma and explores their potential as therapeutic targets. Lastly, the seed and soil hypothesis is employed to contextualize metastasis, accentuating the significance of both tumor cells and the surrounding stroma in metastatic propensity. This review highlights the intricate interdependence between CRC cells and their microenvironment, providing valuable insights into prospective therapeutic approaches targeting tumor-stroma interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Shakhpazyan
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Liudmila Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Arkady Bedzhanyan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Oncology II (Coloproctology and Uro-Gynecology), Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Zarina Gioeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Nikolay Sadykhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Alexander Mikhalev
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 2, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitri Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Hematopathology, 22547 Hamburg, Germany;
| | | | - Alexander Orekhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121096 Moscow, Russia
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20
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Zhao J, Liao Y, Wei C, Ma Y, Wang F, Chen Y, Zhao B, Ji H, Wang D, Tang D. Potential Ability of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231188225. [PMID: 37601319 PMCID: PMC10437046 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231188225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, and its incidence rate and mortality are on the rise in many countries. In recent years, with the improvement of economic conditions, people's living habits have changed, including lack of physical activity, poor diet patterns and circadian rhythm disorder. These risk factors can change the colon environment and the composition of intestinal microbiota. This state is called intestinal imbalance, which increases the risk of cancer. Probiotics, a class of microorganisms that help maintain gut microbial homeostasis and alleviate dysbiosis, may help prevent inflammation and colorectal cancer. These probiotics inhibit or ameliorate the effects of dysbiosis through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), modulation of immunity, maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier, pro-apoptotic mechanisms, and other mechanisms. This review aims to explain the interaction between probiotics, the gut microenvironment and the gut microbiota, and summarize reports on the possibility of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiqun Liao
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yichao Ma
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuji Chen
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Wang YX, Zhang JY, Cao YM, Liu T, Zhang ZK, Zhang BX, Feng WS, Li K, Zheng XK, Zhou N. Coptis chinensis-Induced Changes in Metabolomics and Gut Microbiota in Rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:1547-1576. [PMID: 37530506 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoma coptidis (CR) is traditionally used for treating gastrointestinal diseases. Wine-processed CR (wCR), zingiber-processed CR (zCR), and evodia-processed CR (eCR) are its major processed products. However, the related study of their specific mechanisms is very limited, and they need to be further clarified. The aim of this study is to compare the intervening mechanism of wCR/zCR/eCR on rats via faecal metabolomics and 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis. First, faecal samples were collected from the control and CR/wCR/zCR/eCR groups. Then, a metabolomics analysis was performed using UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS to obtain the metabolic profile and significantly altered metabolites. The 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis was carried out to analyze the composition of gut microbiota and screen out the significantly altered microbiota at the genus level. Finally, a pathway enrichment analysis of the significantly altered metabolites via the KEGG database and a functional prediction of relevant gut microbes based on PICRUSt2 software were performed in combination. Together with the correlation analysis between metabolites and gut microbiota, the potential intervening mechanism of wCR/zCR/eCR was explored. The results suggested that wCR played a good role in maintaining immune homeostasis, promoting glycolysis, and reducing cholesterol; zCR had a better effect on protecting the integrity of the intestinal mucus barrier, preventing gastric ulcers, and reducing body cholesterol; eCR was good at protecting the integrity of the intestinal mucus barrier and promoting glycolysis. This study scientifically elucidated the intervening mechanism of wCR/zCR/eCR from the perspective of faecal metabolites and gut microbiota, providing a new insight into the processing mechanism research of Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Min Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Kai Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Xian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, P. R. China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450018, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
- Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, P. R. China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450018, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, P. R. China
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22
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Shao-Hua Z, Lin-Lin R, Shen S, Yun-He T, Zi-Bin T, Yi L, Tao M. Atrophic gastritis rather than Helicobacter pylori infection can be an independent risk factor of colorectal polyps: a retrospective study in China. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:213. [PMID: 37337163 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02764-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is considered the most effective screening method for colorectal polyps. However, the longevity and complexity of the procedure makes it less desirable to screen for colorectal polyps in the general population. Therefore, it is essential to identify other independent risk factors. In this study, we explored the link between Hp infection, atrophic gastritis, and colorectal polyps to identify a new potential risk factors of colorectal polyps. METHODS In this study, atrophic gastritis and intestinal polyps were diagnosed by endoscopy and pathology. All the 792 patients in this retrospective study were divided into sub-groups based on the presence of colorectal polyps. The correlation between polyps and atrophic gastritis was analyzed using the chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive value for colorectal polyps between Hp infection and atrophic gastritis. Binary logistic regression was utilized to identify independent risk factors for colorectal polyps. RESULTS Patients with colorectal polyps were primarily male with advanced age, and the number of patients with colorectal polyps had a higher association with smoking, alcohol drinking, and Hp infection than the control group. A positive correlation between the number of colorectal polyps and the severity of atrophic gastritis was observed. ROC analysis showed that atrophic gastritis was a better risk factors for colorectal polyps. Multivariate analysis identified atrophic gastritis as an independent risk factor for colorectal polyps (OR 2.294; 95% CI 1.597-3.296). CONCLUSIONS Atrophic gastritis confirmed could be an independent risk factors for colorectal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Shao-Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ren Lin-Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Su Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tang Yun-He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian Zi-Bin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liu Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Mao Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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23
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Li W, Zhou X, Yuan S, Wang L, Yu L, Sun J, Chen J, Xiao Q, Wan Z, Zheng JS, Zhang CX, Larsson SC, Farrington SM, Law P, Houlston RS, Tomlinson I, Ding KF, Dunlop MG, Theodoratou E, Li X. Exploring the Complex Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia Using Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:809-817. [PMID: 37012201 PMCID: PMC10233354 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human gut microbiome has complex relationships with the host, contributing to metabolism, immunity, and carcinogenesis. METHODS Summary-level data for gut microbiota and metabolites were obtained from MiBioGen, FINRISK and human metabolome consortia. Summary-level data for colorectal cancer were derived from a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. In forward Mendelian randomization (MR), we employed genetic instrumental variables (IV) for 24 gut microbiota taxa and six bacterial metabolites to examine their causal relationship with colorectal cancer. We also used a lenient threshold for nine apriori gut microbiota taxa as secondary analyses. In reverse MR, we explored association between genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia and abundance of microbiota studied above using 95, 19, and 7 IVs for colorectal cancer, adenoma, and polyps, respectively. RESULTS Forward MR did not find evidence indicating causal relationship between any of the gut microbiota taxa or six bacterial metabolites tested and colorectal cancer risk. However, reverse MR supported genetic liability to colorectal adenomas was causally related with increased abundance of two taxa: Gammaproteobacteria (β = 0.027, which represents a 0.027 increase in log-transformed relative abundance values of Gammaproteobacteria for per one-unit increase in log OR of adenoma risk; P = 7.06×10-8), Enterobacteriaceae (β = 0.023, P = 1.29×10-5). CONCLUSIONS We find genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia may be associated with abundance of certain microbiota taxa. It is more likely that subset of colorectal cancer genetic liability variants changes gut biology by influencing both gut microbiota and colorectal cancer risk. IMPACT This study highlights the need of future complementary studies to explore causal mechanisms linking both host genetic variation with gut microbiome and colorectal cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxin Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Susanna C. Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susan M. Farrington
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Feng Ding
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Malcolm G. Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Celebi O, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Celebi D, Mesnage R, Golokhvast KS, Arsene AL, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Effect of the combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (probiotic) with vitamin K3 and vitamin E on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro pathogen model. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:119. [PMID: 37144488 PMCID: PMC10196883 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a key role in maintaining health and regulating the host's immune response. The use of probiotics and concomitant vitamins can increase mucus secretion by improving the intestinal microbial population and prevent the breakdown of tight junction proteins by reducing lipopolysaccharide concentration. Changes in the intestinal microbiome mass affect multiple metabolic and physiological functions. Studies on how this microbiome mass and the regulation in the gastrointestinal tract are affected by probiotic supplements and vitamin combinations have attracted attention. The current study evaluated vitamins K and E and probiotic combinations effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimal inhibition concentrations of vitamins and probiotics were determined. In addition, inhibition zone diameters, antioxidant activities and immunohistochemical evaluation of the cell for DNA damage were performed to evaluate the effects of vitamins and probiotics. At the specified dose intervals, L. acidophilus and vitamin combinations inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. It could thus contribute positively to biological functions by exerting immune system‑strengthening activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Celebi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Demet Celebi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Vaccine Application and Development Center, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andreea Letitia Arsene
- Department of General and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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25
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Novoa Díaz MB, Carriere P, Gentili C. How the interplay among the tumor microenvironment and the gut microbiota influences the stemness of colorectal cancer cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:281-301. [PMID: 37342226 PMCID: PMC10277969 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most prevalent cancer disease and involves a multi-step process in which intestinal cells acquire malignant characteristics. It is well established that the appearance of distal metastasis in CRC patients is the cause of a poor prognosis and treatment failure. Nevertheless, in the last decades, CRC aggressiveness and progression have been attributed to a specific cell population called CRC stem cells (CCSC) with features like tumor initiation capacity, self-renewal capacity, and acquired multidrug resistance. Emerging data highlight the concept of this cell subtype as a plastic entity that has a dynamic status and can be originated from different types of cells through genetic and epigenetic changes. These alterations are modulated by complex and dynamic crosstalk with environmental factors by paracrine signaling. It is known that in the tumor niche, different cell types, structures, and biomolecules coexist and interact with cancer cells favoring cancer growth and development. Together, these components constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most recently, researchers have also deepened the influence of the complex variety of microorganisms that inhabit the intestinal mucosa, collectively known as gut microbiota, on CRC. Both TME and microorganisms participate in inflammatory processes that can drive the initiation and evolution of CRC. Since in the last decade, crucial advances have been made concerning to the synergistic interaction among the TME and gut microorganisms that condition the identity of CCSC, the data exposed in this review could provide valuable insights into the biology of CRC and the development of new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Carriere
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Heng D, Zhang M, Yuan Y, Qiu X. Alteration of Colonic Bacterial and Fungal Composition and Their Inter- and Intra-Kingdom Interaction in Patients with Adenomas with Low-Grade Dysplasia. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1327. [PMID: 37317301 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops from pre-cancerous cellular lesions in the gut epithelium and mainly originates from specific types of colonic adenomas with dysplasia. However, gut microbiota signatures among sampling sites in patients with colorectal adenomas with low-grade dysplasia (ALGD) and normal control (NC) remain uncharacterized. To characterize gut microbial and fungal profiles in ALGD and normal colorectal mucosa tissues. We used 16S and ITS1-2 rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on the microbiota of ALGD and normal colorectal mucosa from 40 subjects. Bacterial sequences in the ALGD group showed an increase in Rhodobacterales, Thermales, Thermaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and several genera, including Thermus, Paracoccus, Sphingobium, and Pseudomonas, compared to the NC group. Fungal sequences in the ALGD group showed an increase in Helotiales, Leotiomycetes, and Basidiomycota, while several orders, families, and genera, including Verrucariales, Russulales, and Trichosporonales, were decreased. The study found various interactions between intestinal bacteria and fungi. The bacterial functional analysis showed increased glycogen and vanillin degradation pathways in the ALGD group. Meanwhile, the fungal functional analysis showed a decrease in pathways related to the biosynthesis of gondoate and stearate, as well as degradation of glucose, starch, glycogen, sucrose, L-tryptophan, and pantothenate, and an increase in the octane oxidation pathway in the ALGD group. The mucosal microbiota in ALGD exhibits altered fungal and microbial composition compared to the NC mucosa, potentially contributing to the development of intestinal cancer by regulating specific metabolic pathways. Therefore, these changes in microbiota and metabolic pathways may be potential markers for diagnosing and treating colorectal adenoma and carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Heng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuhan Yuan
- Department of Endoscopic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinyun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
- F. Widjaja Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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27
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Wang AJ, Song D, Hong YM, Liu NN. Multi-omics insights into the interplay between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer in the "microworld" age. Mol Omics 2023; 19:283-296. [PMID: 36916422 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial heterogeneous disease largely due to both genetic predisposition and environmental factors including the gut microbiota, a dynamic microbial ecosystem inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota interacts with the host may contribute to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and promotion of CRC. However, deciphering the influence of genetic variants and interactions with the gut microbial ecosystem is rather challenging. Despite recent advancements in single omics analysis, the application of multi-omics approaches to integrate multiple layers of information in the microbiome and host to introduce effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies is still in its infancy. Here, we integrate host- and microbe-based multi-omics studies, respectively, to provide a strategy to explore potential causal relationships between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer. Specifically, we summarize the recent multi-omics studies such as metagenomics combined with metabolomics and metagenomics combined with genomics. Meanwhile, the sample size and sample types commonly used in multi-omics research, as well as the methods of data analysis, were also generalized. We highlight multiple layers of information from multi-omics that need to be verified by different types of models. Together, this review provides new insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China.
| | - Dingka Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China.
| | - Yue-Mei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China.
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Melnyk K, Weimann K, Conrad TOF. Understanding microbiome dynamics via interpretable graph representation learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2058. [PMID: 36739319 PMCID: PMC9899240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale perturbations in the microbiome constitution are strongly correlated, whether as a driver or a consequence, with the health and functioning of human physiology. However, understanding the difference in the microbiome profiles of healthy and ill individuals can be complicated due to the large number of complex interactions among microbes. We propose to model these interactions as a time-evolving graph where nodes represent microbes and edges are interactions among them. Motivated by the need to analyse such complex interactions, we develop a method that can learn a low-dimensional representation of the time-evolving graph while maintaining the dynamics occurring in the high-dimensional space. Through our experiments, we show that we can extract graph features such as clusters of nodes or edges that have the highest impact on the model to learn the low-dimensional representation. This information is crucial for identifying microbes and interactions among them that are strongly correlated with clinical diseases. We conduct our experiments on both synthetic and real-world microbiome datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Melnyk
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kuba Weimann
- Zuse Institute Berlin, Takustraße 7, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim O F Conrad
- Zuse Institute Berlin, Takustraße 7, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Sun R, Chen H, Yao S, Yu Z, Lai C, Huang J. Ecological and dynamic analysis of gut microbiota in the early stage of azomethane-dextran sodium sulfate model in mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1178714. [PMID: 37153156 PMCID: PMC10157258 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1178714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The success rate of azomethane-dextran sodium sulfate (AOM-DSS) model in mice has been a long-standing problem. Treatment of AOM and the first round DSS induces acute colitis and is of great significance for the success of AOM-DSS model. In this study, we focused on the role of gut microbiota in the early stage of AOM-DSS model. Few mice with obvious weight loss and high disease-activity score survived from double strike of AOM and the first round DSS. Different ecological dynamics of gut microbiota were observed in AOM-DSS treated mice. Pseudescherichia, Turicibacter, and Clostridium_XVIII were of significance in the model, uncontrolled proliferation of which accompanied with rapid deterioration and death of mice. Akkermansia and Ruthenibacterium were significantly enriched in the alive AOM-DSS treated mice. Decrease of Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus were observed in AOM-DSS model, but significant drop of these genera could be lethal. Millionella was the only hub genus of gut microbiota network in dead mice, which indicated dysbiosis of the intestinal flora and fragility of microbial network. Our results will provide a better understanding for the role of gut microbiota in the early stage of AOM-DSS model and help improve the success rate of model construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Yao
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Joint Research Center of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Technology Equipment & Standardization, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Lai, ; Jing Huang,
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Lai, ; Jing Huang,
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Bosák J, Kohoutová D, Hrala M, Křenová J, Morávková P, Rejchrt S, Bureš J, Šmajs D. Escherichia coli from biopsies differ in virulence genes between patients with colorectal neoplasia and healthy controls. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1141619. [PMID: 37125208 PMCID: PMC10133476 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1141619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli have been clearly identified as the causative agents of extraintestinal and diarrheal infections; however, the etiopathogenic role of E. coli in other conditions, including colorectal cancer, remains unclear. Methods This study aimed to characterize mucosal E. coli isolates (n = 246) from 61 neoplasia patients and 20 healthy controls for the presence of 35 genetic determinants encoding known virulence factors. Results Virulence determinants encoding invasin (ibeA), siderophore receptor (iroN), S-fimbriae (sfa), and genotoxin (usp) were more prevalent among E. coli isolated from patients with neoplasia compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the prevalence of these virulence determinants was increased in more advanced neoplasia stages (p adj < 0.0125). Compared to patients with advanced colorectal adenoma and carcinoma, the ibeA gene was rarely found in the control group and among patients with non-advanced adenoma (p < 0.05), indicating its potential as the advanced-neoplasia biomarker. Patients with neoplasia frequently had E. coli strains with at least one of the abovementioned virulence factors, whereby specific combinations of these virulence factors were found. Discussion These findings suggest that E. coli strains isolated from patients with colorectal neoplasia possess several virulence factors, which could contribute to the development of neoplastic processes in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Bosák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Darina Kohoutová
- Center of Biomedical Research, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matěj Hrala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jitka Křenová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Paula Morávková
- Second Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Stanislav Rejchrt
- Center of Biomedical Research, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jan Bureš
- Center of Biomedical Research, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - David Šmajs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: David Šmajs,
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Hoegenauer C, Hammer HF, Mahnert A, Moissl-Eichinger C. Methanogenic archaea in the human gastrointestinal tract. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:805-813. [PMID: 36050385 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The human microbiome is strongly interwoven with human health and disease. Besides bacteria, viruses and eukaryotes, numerous archaea are located in the human gastrointestinal tract and are responsible for methane production, which can be measured in clinical methane breath analyses. Methane is an important readout for various diseases, including intestinal methanogen overgrowth. Notably, the archaea responsible for methane production are largely overlooked in human microbiome studies due to their non-bacterial biology and resulting detection issues. As such, their importance for health and disease remains largely unclear to date, in particular as not a single archaeal representative has been deemed to be pathogenic. In this Perspective, we discuss the current knowledge on the clinical relevance of methanogenic archaea. We explain the archaeal unique response to antibiotics and their negative and positive effects on human physiology, and present the current understanding of the use of methane as a diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hoegenauer
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz F Hammer
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Mahnert
- Diagnostic and Research Department of Microbiology, Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Moissl-Eichinger
- Diagnostic and Research Department of Microbiology, Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Discovery and characterization of the flavonoids in Cortex Mori Radicis as naturally occurring inhibitors against intestinal nitroreductases. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110222. [PMID: 36244406 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gut bacterial nitroreductases are found to be heavily related with the intestinal toxicity of nitroaromatic compounds in food or medicine, which can be converted into mutagenic and enterotoxic nitroso or N-hydroxyl intermediates. Thus, inhibiting the gut microbe-encoded nitroreductases has become an attractive method to reduce the mutagen metabolites in colon and prevent intestinal diseases. In this study, the inhibitory effects of sixteen constituents in Cortex Mori Radicis on two kinds of gut bacterial nitroreductases (EcNfsA and EcNfsB) were evaluated with nitrofurazone (NFZ) as substrate and NADPH as electron donor. The results clearly demonstrated that four flavonoids including kuwanon G, kuwanon A, sanggenol A and kuwanon C showed dual inhibition on both EcNfsA and EcNfsB mediated NFZ reduction; morusin, morin, and sanggenone C were strong inhibitors towards EcNfsA; kuwanon H and kuwanon E exhibited effective inhibition on EcNfsB. Further inhibition kinetic analysis and molecular docking simulations displayed that all inhibitors above suppressed both EcNfsA and EcNfsB activities in competitive manners, except non-competitive inhibition of morin on EcNfsA and non-competitive inhibition of kuwanon C on EcNfsB, respectively. Taking together, these findings revealed that most flavonoids in Cortex Mori Radicis presented effective inhibition on gut microbial nitroreductases, suggesting that Cortex Mori Radicis might be a promising candidate for ameliorating nitroreductases mediated intestinal mutagenicity.
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Changes in the intestinal microbiota as a predictor of the development of colorectal cancer in the elderly persons: a case study. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/clinpract110706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, there is an increase in cancer among the elderly. Despite the obvious advances in the healthcare related to the diagnosis of the disease and its treatment, oncopathology occupies a high position in the structure of the overall morbidity. Clinical case description: Patient T., 62 years old, came to an internist with the complaints of constant pulling pains in the lower abdomen, a stool disorder in the form of alternating constipation and diarrhea, presence of blood in the stool over the past 6 months, a weight loss of 8 kg over the past 4 months. She was examined independently two years ago, when the disorders of the gastrointestinal tract appeared for the first time, which she associated with constant stressful situations at work. According to the study results, no significant deviations were found. The patient also underwent 16s-RNA sequencing of the intestinal microbiome, which revealed significant changes in many clusters of bacteria (a decrease in the quantitative composition of Lactobacterium, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, which is the main representative of the normal intestinal flora, that may indicate a decrease in the protective barrier function of the colonic mucosa, an increase in Fusobacterium, as well as other representatives of the pathogenic flora). Presently, within the framework of laboratory and instrumental studies, the following diagnosis was established: "Malignant formation of the colon (colorectal cancer). T3M0N1". A repeated study of the intestinal microbiota was carried out, according to the results of which an increase in Fusobacterium up to 7.5% was observed, along with a sharp decrease in the representatives of the normoflora (1%). Conclusion: Changes in various bacterial clusters of the intestinal microbiota can serve as an early marker for the verification of malignant neoplasms of the large intestine. Determining the amount of Fusobacterium in the intestinal microbiome can be an indicator of the first diagnostic line, which helps to identify the pathological process at the stage of precancer, take timely therapeutic measures, improve the quality of life, and increase its longevity.
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Obuya S, Elkholy A, Avuthu N, Behring M, Bajpai P, Agarwal S, Kim HG, El-Nikhely N, Akinyi P, Orwa J, Afaq F, Abdalla M, Michael A, Farouk M, Bateman LB, Fouad M, Saleh M, Guda C, Manne U, Arafat W. A signature of Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii depletion, and a link with bacterial glutamate degradation in the Kenyan colorectal cancer patients. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:2282-2292. [PMID: 36388691 PMCID: PMC9660062 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fifth most diagnosed cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, CRC incidence rates tripled from 1997 to 2017. In the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Moi University, there has been an increase in CRC cases, notably for younger patients. A suggested pathobiology for this increase is gut microbiome dysbiosis. Since, for the Kenyan CRC patient population, microbiome studies are rare, there is a need for a better understanding of how microbiome dysbiosis influences CRC epidemiology in Kenya. In this single-center study, the focus was on profiling the gut microbiome of Kenyan CRC patients and healthy volunteers and evaluating associations between microbiome profiles and the age of CRC patients. METHODS The gut mucosa-associated microbiome of 18 CRC patients and 18 healthy controls were determined by 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed for alpha and beta diversity, differential abundance, and microbial metabolic profiling. RESULTS Alpha diversity metrics showed no significant differences, but beta diversity metrics showed dissimilarities in the microbial communities between CRC patients and healthy controls. The most underrepresented species in the CRC group were Prevotella copri (P. copri) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), although Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) and Prevotella nigrescens were overrepresented (linear discriminant analysis, LDA score >2, P<0.05). Also, for CRC patients, significant metagenomic functional alterations were evident in microbial glutamate metabolic pathways (L-glutamate degradation VIII was enriched, and L-glutamate and L-glutamine biosynthesis were diminished) (P<0.05, log2 Fold Change >1). Moreover, the microbiome composition was different for patients under 40 years of age compared to older patients (LDA score >2, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Microbiome and microbial metabolic profiles of CRC patients are different from those of healthy individuals. CRC microbiome dysbiosis, particularly P. copri and F. prausnitzii depletion and glutamate metabolic alterations, are evident in Kenyan CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Obuya
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Moi University, Kesses, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr Elkholy
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nagavardhini Avuthu
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael Behring
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Prachi Bajpai
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sumit Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hyung-Gyoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - James Orwa
- Department of Population Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mohammed Abdalla
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Anwar Michael
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farouk
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lori Brand Bateman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mona Fouad
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mansoor Saleh
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Waleed Arafat
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Koustas E, Trifylli EM, Sarantis P, Papadopoulos N, Aloizos G, Tsagarakis A, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Papavassiliou AG, Karamouzis MV. Implication of gut microbiome in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1665-1674. [PMID: 36187397 PMCID: PMC9516653 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i9.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes the third most frequently reported malignancy in the male population and the second most common in women in the last two decades. Colon carcinogenesis is a complex, multifactorial event, resulting from genetic and epigenetic aberrations, the impact of environmental factors, as well as the disturbance of the gut microbial ecosystem. The relationship between the intestinal microbiome and carcinogenesis was relatively undervalued in the last decade. However, its remarkable effect on metabolic and immune functions on the host has been in the spotlight as of recent years. There is a strong relationship between gut microbiome dysbiosis, bowel pathogenicity and responsiveness to anti-cancer treatment; including immunotherapy. Modifications of bacteriome consistency are closely associated with the immunologic response to immunotherapeutic agents. This condition that implies the necessity of gut microbiome manipulation. Thus, creatingan optimal response for CRC patients to immunotherapeutic agents. In this paper, we will review the current literature observing how gut microbiota influence the response of immunotherapy on CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens, Athens 11521, Attica, Greece
| | - Georgios Aloizos
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens, Athens 11521, Attica, Greece
| | | | - Christos Damaskos
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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Kapsetaki SE, Marquez Alcaraz G, Maley CC, Whisner CM, Aktipis A. Diet, Microbes, and Cancer Across the Tree of Life: a Systematic Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:508-525. [PMID: 35704266 PMCID: PMC9197725 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancers are a leading cause of death in humans and for many other species. Diet has often been associated with cancers, and the microbiome is an essential mediator between diet and cancers. Here, we review the work on cancer and the microbiome across species to search for broad patterns of susceptibility associated with different microbial species. RECENT FINDINGS Some microbes, such as Helicobacter bacteria, papillomaviruses, and the carnivore-associated Fusobacteria, consistently induce tumorigenesis in humans and other species. Other microbes, such as the milk-associated Lactobacillus, consistently inhibit tumorigenesis in humans and other species. We systematically reviewed over a thousand published articles and identified links between diet, microbes, and cancers in several species of mammals, birds, and flies. Future work should examine a larger variety of host species to discover new model organisms for human preclinical trials, to better understand the observed variance in cancer prevalence across species, and to discover which microbes and diets are associated with cancers across species. Ultimately, this could help identify microbial and dietary interventions to diagnose, prevent, and treat cancers in humans as well as other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania E Kapsetaki
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
| | - Gissel Marquez Alcaraz
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Carlo C Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Corrie M Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Athena Aktipis
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Zhang H, Yu Y, Li J, Gong P, Wang X, Li X, Cheng Y, Yu X, Zhang N, Zhang X. Changes of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer patients with Pentatrichomonas hominis infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:961974. [PMID: 36118043 PMCID: PMC9471007 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.961974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentatrichomonas hominis is a parasitic trichomonads protozoa that parasitizes in the colon and cecum of humans and other animals. Our previous studies have demonstrated that infection with P. hominis is associated with the incidence of colon cancer (37.93%). However, the mechanism by which P. hominis infections increase the incidence of colon cancer remains unclear. Previous studies have suggested that certain parasites promote colon cancer by regulating gut microbiota. This study aimed to elucidate whether the association between P. hominis infections and the increased incidence of colon cancer is related to changes in gut microbiota. Therefore, the gut microbiota patients with colon cancer who were infected with P. hominis and uninfected patients with colon cancer were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated that patients with colon cancer who were not infected with P. hominis showed increased gut bacterial diversity, a higher relative abundance of Alcaligenes sp., Leucobacter sp., Paraprevotella sp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, and a significant reduction in the abundance of Veillonella sp., compared to individuals without colon cancer. Additionally, the relative abundance of the Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 and the Eubacterium eligens groups was reduced, while the relative abundance of bacteria associated with colon cancer, including Flavonifractor sp., Lachnoclostridium sp., and the Ruminococcus gnavus group, increased significantly in patients with colon cancer who were infected with P. hominis, compared to those of uninfected patients with colon cancer. In conclusion, these results suggested that P. hominis infections may aggravate the development of colon cancer and the findings provide new insights for subsequent in-depth studies on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prevention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhui Yu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengtao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaocen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yidan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuyan Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Zhang, ; Xichen Zhang,
| | - Xichen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Zhang, ; Xichen Zhang,
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“Bacterial Consortium”: A Potential Evolution of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Clostridioides difficile Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5787373. [PMID: 35978650 PMCID: PMC9377877 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5787373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) consists of infusion of feces from a donor to a recipient patient in order to restore the resident microbial population. FMT has shown to be a valid clinical option for Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). However, this approach shows several criticalities, such as the recruiting and screening of voluntary donors. Our aim was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a synthetic bacterial suspension defined “Bacterial Consortium” (BC) infused in the colon of CDI patients. The suspension was composed by 13 microbial species isolated by culturomics protocols from healthy donors' feces. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed both clinically and by metagenomics typing. Fecal samples of the recipient patients were collected before and after infusion. DNA samples obtained from feces at different time points (preinfusion, 7, 15, 30, and 90 days after infusion) were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Before infusion, patient 1 showed an intestinal microbiota dominated by the phylum Bacteroidetes. Seven days after the infusion, Bacteroidetes decreased, followed by an implementation of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia. Patient 2, before infusion, showed a strong abundance of Proteobacteria and a significant deficiency of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia. Seven days after infusion, Proteobacteria strongly decreased, while Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia increased. Metagenomics data revealed an “awakening” by microbial species absent or low concentrated at time T0 and present after the infusion. In conclusion, the infusion of selected bacteria would act as a trigger factor for “bacterial repopulation” representing an innovative treatment in patients with Clostridioides difficile infections.
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Hickmott AJ, Boose KJ, Wakefield ML, Brand CM, Snodgrass JJ, Ting N, White FJ. A comparison of faecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentration and gut microbiota diversity in bonobos ( Pan paniscus). MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35960548 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sex, age, diet, stress and social environment have all been shown to influence the gut microbiota. In several mammals, including humans, increased stress is related to decreasing gut microbial diversity and may differentially impact specific taxa. Recent evidence from gorillas shows faecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentration (FGMC) did not significantly explain gut microbial diversity, but it was significantly associated with the abundance of the family Anaerolineaceae. These patterns have yet to be examined in other primates, like bonobos (Pan paniscus). We compared FGMC to 16S rRNA amplicons for 202 bonobo faecal samples collected across 5 months to evaluate the impact of stress, measured with FGMC, on the gut microbiota. Alpha diversity measures (Chao's and Shannon's indexes) were not significantly related to FGMC. FGMC explained 0.80 % of the variation in beta diversity for Jensen-Shannon and 1.2% for weighted UniFrac but was not significant for unweighted UniFrac. We found that genus SHD-231, a member of the family Anaerolinaceae had a significant positive relationship with FGMC. These results suggest that bonobos are relatively similar to gorillas in alpha diversity and family Anaerolinaceae responses to FGMC, but different from gorillas in beta diversity. Members of the family Anaerolinaceae may be differentially affected by FGMC across great apes. FGMC appears to be context dependent and may be species-specific for alpha and beta diversity but this study provides an example of consistent change in two African apes. Thus, the relationship between physiological stress and the gut microbiome may be difficult to predict, even among closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexana J Hickmott
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Klaree J Boose
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Monica L Wakefield
- Sociology, Anthropology, and Philosophy, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA
| | - Colin M Brand
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.,Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - J Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Nelson Ting
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.,Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Frances J White
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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The crosstalk of the human microbiome in breast and colon cancer: A metabolomics analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103757. [PMID: 35809795 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome's role in colon and breast cancer is described in this review. Understanding how the human microbiome and metabolomics interact with breast and colon cancer is the chief area of this study. First, the role of the gut and distal microbiome in breast and colon cancer is investigated, and the direct relationship between microbial dysbiosis and breast and colon cancer is highlighted. This work also focuses on the many metabolomic techniques used to locate prospective biomarkers, make an accurate diagnosis, and research new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review clarifies the influence of anti-tumor medications on the microbiota and the proactive measures that can be taken to treat cancer using a variety of therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, next-generation biotherapeutics, gene-based therapy, integrated omics technology, and machine learning.
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Alam Z, Shang X, Effat K, Kanwal F, He X, Li Y, Xu C, Niu W, War AR, Zhang Y. The potential role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in adjuvant cancer therapy especially colorectal cancer. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14302. [PMID: 35816322 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a global health issue that is rising swiftly with younger people and an increased number of patients. The role of human microbiota in the pathophysiology of tumors has been paid more and more attention. Microecologics including prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are among the best validated/proven resources for the application of microbiological prophylaxis and therapy. There is strong evidence that microecologics have anti-cancer activity and their potential association with cancer is significant. In this review, we will focus on the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in tumor suppression in maintaining the colon barrier, metabolism, immune regulation, inhibition of host tumor cell proliferation, and epidemiological-based recommendations. Besides, other signs illuminate the role of microecological agents to adjunct the cancer treatment and counter the toxic side effects of cancer drugs. In addition, we will explore their role in chemotherapy, where these probiotics can be used as an adjunct to chemotherapy, counteracting the toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs to minimize or optimize the therapeutic effect. In the treatment of cancer, we can see the role of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and their application in cancer patients, and the effectiveness effect can be considered as a clinical benefit. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A large number of studies have shown that microecologics including prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics play an important role in regulating intestinal microecology and contribute to the prevention and treatment of cancer, indicating that prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have the potential to be used as microecological modulators in the adjuvant therapy of cancer. However, it is not clear what is the anti-tumor mechanism of these microecologics and how they antagonize the side effects of cancer chemotherapy and protect normal cells. This paper reviews the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in tumor suppression in maintaining the colon barrier, metabolism, immune regulation, and prevention of rapid growth of host cells, as well as their potential role in cancer chemotherapy. This review helps to better understand the relationship between prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics with immune regulation, intestinal microecology, metabolic regulation, and cell proliferation and provides strong evidence for their potential application as microecologics in cancer adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor Alam
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoya Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Khansa Effat
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Freeha Kanwal
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanye Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunlan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weining Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Abdul Rouf War
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Gu W, Yang X, Yang M, Han K, Pan W, Zhu Z. MarkerGenie: an NLP-enabled text-mining system for biomedical entity relation extraction. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2022; 2:vbac035. [PMID: 36699388 PMCID: PMC9710573 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Motivation Natural language processing (NLP) tasks aim to convert unstructured text data (e.g. articles or dialogues) to structured information. In recent years, we have witnessed fundamental advances of NLP technique, which has been widely used in many applications such as financial text mining, news recommendation and machine translation. However, its application in the biomedical space remains challenging due to a lack of labeled data, ambiguities and inconsistencies of biological terminology. In biomedical marker discovery studies, tools that rely on NLP models to automatically and accurately extract relations of biomedical entities are valuable as they can provide a more thorough survey of all available literature, hence providing a less biased result compared to manual curation. In addition, the fast speed of machine reader helps quickly orient research and development. Results To address the aforementioned needs, we developed automatic training data labeling, rule-based biological terminology cleaning and a more accurate NLP model for binary associative and multi-relation prediction into the MarkerGenie program. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods in identifying relations between biomedical entities on various benchmark datasets and case studies. Availability and implementation MarkerGenie is available at https://www.genegeniedx.com/markergenie/. Data for model training and evaluation, term lists of biomedical entities, details of the case studies and all trained models are provided at https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/14RypiIfIr3W_K-mNIAx9BNtObHSZoAyn?usp=sharing. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Gu
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Minhao Yang
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kun Han
- GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | | | - Zexuan Zhu
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Mohamed A, Asa SL, McCormick T, Al-Shakhshir H, Dasari A, Mauricio R, Salem I, Ocuin LM, Bajor D, Lee RT, Selfridge JE, Kardan A, Lee Z, Avril N, Kopp S, Winter JM, Hardacre JM, Ammori JB, Ghannoum MA. The Role of the Microbiome in Gastroentero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2015-2028. [PMID: 35678665 PMCID: PMC9164086 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome balance plays a key role in human health and maintains gut barrier integrity. Dysbiosis, referring to impaired gut microbiome, is linked to a variety of diseases, including cancers, through modulation of the inflammatory process. Most studies concentrated on adenocarcinoma of different sites with very limited information on gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we have analyzed the gut microbiome (both fungal and bacterial communities) in patients with metastatic GEP-NENs. Fecal samples were collected and compared with matched healthy control samples using logistic regression distances utilizing R package MatchIt (version 4.2.0, Daniel E. Ho, Stanford, California). We examined differences in microbiome profiles between GEP-NENs and control samples using small subunit (SSU) rRNA (16S), ITS1, ITS4 genomic regions for their ability to accurately characterize bacterial and fungal communities. We correlated the results with different behavioral and dietary habits, and tumor features including differentiation, grade, primary site, and therapeutic response. All tests are two-sided and p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Gut samples of 34 patients (12 males, 22 females, median age 64 years) with metastatic GEP-NENs (22 small bowel, 10 pancreatic, 1 gall bladder, and 1 unknown primary) were analyzed. Twenty-nine patients had well differentiated GEP-neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), (G1 = 14, G2 = 12, G3 = 3) and five patients had poorly differentiated GEP-neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs). Patients with GEP-NENs had significantly decreased bacterial species and increased fungi (notably Candida species, Ascomycota, and species belonging to saccharomycetes) compared to controls. Patients with GEP-NECs had significantly enriched populations of specific bacteria and fungi (such as Enterobacter hormaechei, Bacteroides fragilis and Trichosporon asahii) compared to those with GEP-NETs (p = 0.048, 0.0022 and 0.034, respectively). In addition, higher grade GEP-NETs were associated with significantly higher Bacteroides fragilis (p = 0.022), and Eggerthella lenta (p = 0.00018) species compared to lower grade tumors. There were substantial differences associated with dietary habits and therapeutic responses. This is the first study to analyze the role of the microbiome environment in patients with GEP-NENs. There were significant differences between GEP-NETs and GEP-NECs, supporting the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of these two distinct entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Mohamed
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (D.B.); (R.T.L.); (J.E.S.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sylvia L. Asa
- Department of Pathology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Thomas McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Microbiome Core and Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.M.); (H.A.-S.); (R.M.); (I.S.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Hilmi Al-Shakhshir
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Microbiome Core and Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.M.); (H.A.-S.); (R.M.); (I.S.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Arvind Dasari
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Retuerto Mauricio
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Microbiome Core and Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.M.); (H.A.-S.); (R.M.); (I.S.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Iman Salem
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Microbiome Core and Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.M.); (H.A.-S.); (R.M.); (I.S.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Lee M. Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.M.O.); (J.M.W.); (J.M.H.); (J.B.A.)
| | - David Bajor
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (D.B.); (R.T.L.); (J.E.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (D.B.); (R.T.L.); (J.E.S.); (S.K.)
| | - J. Eva Selfridge
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (D.B.); (R.T.L.); (J.E.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Arash Kardan
- Department of Radiology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.K.); (Z.L.); (N.A.)
| | - Zhenghong Lee
- Department of Radiology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.K.); (Z.L.); (N.A.)
| | - Norbert Avril
- Department of Radiology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.K.); (Z.L.); (N.A.)
| | - Shelby Kopp
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (D.B.); (R.T.L.); (J.E.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Jordan M. Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.M.O.); (J.M.W.); (J.M.H.); (J.B.A.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.M.O.); (J.M.W.); (J.M.H.); (J.B.A.)
| | - John B. Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, UH Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.M.O.); (J.M.W.); (J.M.H.); (J.B.A.)
| | - Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Microbiome Core and Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.M.); (H.A.-S.); (R.M.); (I.S.); (M.A.G.)
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Qiu P, Ishimoto T, Fu L, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Liu Y. The Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:733992. [PMID: 35273921 PMCID: PMC8902753 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.733992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological surveys indicate that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing rapidly with the continuous growth of the economy. A large number of studies have investigated the relationship between the genetic factors related to the susceptibility to IBD and the gut microbiota of patients by using high-throughput sequencing. IBD is considered the outcome of the interaction between host and microorganisms, including intestinal microbial factors, abnormal immune response, and a damaged intestinal mucosal barrier. The imbalance of microbial homeostasis leads to the colonization and invasion of opportunistic pathogens in the gut, which increases the risk of the host immune response and promotes the development of IBD. It is critical to identify the specific pathogens related to the pathogenesis of IBD. An in-depth understanding of various pathogenic factors is of great significance for the early detection of IBD. This review highlights the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD and provides a theoretical basis for the personalized approaches that modulate the gut microbiota to treat IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lingfeng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zhenyong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Liu, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-9086
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Qin Z, Yuan X, Liu J, Shi Z, Cao L, Yang L, Wu K, Lou Y, Tong H, Jiang L, Du J. Albuca Bracteata Polysaccharides Attenuate AOM/DSS Induced Colon Tumorigenesis via Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:833077. [PMID: 35264966 PMCID: PMC8899018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.833077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important risk factor in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Accumulating evidence indicates that some phytochemicals have anti-cancer properties. Polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (AB) have been reported to possess anti-neoplastic activities on colorectal cancer (CRC) models. However, it is still unclear whether they exert therapeutic effects on colorectal cancer. In this study, we investigate the properties of polysaccharides of A. bracteate, named ABP. The average molecular weight of ABP was 18.3 kDa and ABP consisted of glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid at a molar ratio of 37.8:8:2.5:1.7:1:1. An Azoxymethane/Dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced CAC mouse model was established. The CAC mice treated with ABP showed smaller tumor size and lower tumor incidence than untreated ones. ABP increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, inhibited secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), mitigated oxidative stress by increasing GSH and decreasing MDA levels, suppressed the activation of STAT3 and expressions of its related genes c-Myc and cyclin D1. Moreover, ABP treatment increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (f_Ruminococcaceae, g_Roseburia, g_Odoribacter, g_Oscillospira, and g_Akkermansia) and the levels of fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in CAC model mice. In summary, our data suggest that ABP could be a potential therapeutic agent for treating CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leipeng Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lexuan Yang
- Central Laboratory, School of the First Clinical Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, School of the First Clinical Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
| | - Jimei Du
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
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Kim J, Lee HK. Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome In Colorectal Cancer Progression. Front Immunol 2022; 12:807648. [PMID: 35069592 PMCID: PMC8777015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.807648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have revealed that the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is related to gut microbiome composition. Under normal conditions, the gut microbiome acts as a barrier to other pathogens or infections in the intestine and modulates inflammation by affecting the host immune system. These gut microbiota are not only related to the intestinal inflammation associated with tumorigenesis but also modulation of the anti-cancer immune response. Thus, they are associated with tumor progression and anti-cancer treatment efficacy. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota can be used as biomarkers to predict the effect of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating CRC through modulation. In this review, we discuss the role of the gut microbiome as revealed by recent studies of the growth and progression of CRC along with its synergistic effect with anti-cancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
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A bioanalytical screening method for Enterococcus faecalis RNPP-type quorum sensing peptides in murine feces. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:151-167. [PMID: 35014887 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2021-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacteria coordinate their behavior as a group via communication with their peers, known as 'quorum sensing'. Enterococcus faecalis employs quorum sensing via RNPP-peptides which were not yet reported to be present in mammalian biofluids. Results: Solid phase extraction of murine feces was performed, followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MS/MS) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode (in total <90 min/sample) for the nine known RNPP peptides. Limits of detection ranged between 0.045 and 52 nM. Adequate identification criteria allowed detection of RNPP quorum sensing peptides in 2/20 wild-type murine feces samples (i.e., cAM373 and cOB1). Conclusion: A fit-for-purpose UHPLC-MS/MS method detected these RNPP peptides in wild-type murine feces samples.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health problem accounting for about 10% of all new cancer cases globally. Though genetic and epigenetic factors influence CRC, the gut microbiota acts as a significant component of the disease's etiology. Further research is still needed to clarify the specific roles and identify more bacteria related to CRC development. This review aims to provide an overview of the "driver-passenger" model of CRC. The colonization and active invasion of the "driver(s)" bacteria cause damages allowing other commensals, known as "passengers," or their by-products, i.e., metabolites, to pass through the epithelium . This review will not only focus on the species of bacteria implicated in this model but also on their biological functions implicated in the occurrence of CRC, such as forming biofilms, mucus, penetration and production of enterotoxins and genotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Avril
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R. William DePaolo
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Medicine, Center for Microbiome Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,CONTACT R. William DePaolo Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Avenue, Seattle, WA98195, USA
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49
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Fujimori S. Progress in elucidating the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:8040-8046. [PMID: 35068852 PMCID: PMC8704277 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i47.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes changes to the intestinal flora, such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and increases gastric acid secretion-stimulating gastrointestinal hormones, mainly gastrin, due to a decrease in gastric acid caused by atrophic gastritis. In addition, the cellular components of H. pylori travel through the intestinal tract, so the bacterial infection affects the immune system. Therefore, the effects of H. pylori infection are observed not only in the stomach and the proximal duodenum but also in the small and large intestines. In particular, meta-analyses reported that H. pylori-infected individuals had an increased risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Moreover, a recent study reported that the risk of developing colorectal cancer was increased in subjects carrying H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin A antibody. In addition, it has been reported that H. pylori infection exacerbates the symptoms of Fabry’s disease and familial Mediterranean fever attack and is involved in irritable bowel syndrome and small intestinal ulcers. On the other hand, some studies have reported that the frequency of ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and celiac disease is low in H. pylori-infected individuals. Thus, H. pylori infection is considered to have various effects on the small and large intestines. However, few studies have reported on these issues, and the details of their effects have not been well elucidated. Therefore, additional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Fujimori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba 270-1694, Japan
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50
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Logotheti M, Agioutantis P, Katsaounou P, Loutrari H. Microbiome Research and Multi-Omics Integration for Personalized Medicine in Asthma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11121299. [PMID: 34945771 PMCID: PMC8707330 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a multifactorial inflammatory disorder of the respiratory system characterized by high diversity in clinical manifestations, underlying pathological mechanisms and response to treatment. It is generally established that human microbiota plays an essential role in shaping a healthy immune response, while its perturbation can cause chronic inflammation related to a wide range of diseases, including asthma. Systems biology approaches encompassing microbiome analysis can offer valuable platforms towards a global understanding of asthma complexity and improving patients' classification, status monitoring and therapeutic choices. In the present review, we summarize recent studies exploring the contribution of microbiota dysbiosis to asthma pathogenesis and heterogeneity in the context of asthma phenotypes-endotypes and administered medication. We subsequently focus on emerging efforts to gain deeper insights into microbiota-host interactions driving asthma complexity by integrating microbiome and host multi-omics data. One of the most prominent achievements of these research efforts is the association of refractory neutrophilic asthma with certain microbial signatures, including predominant pathogenic bacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria phyla, Gammaproteobacteria class, especially species from Haemophilus and Moraxella genera). Overall, despite existing challenges, large-scale multi-omics endeavors may provide promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future development of novel microbe-based personalized strategies for diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment of uncontrollable asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Logotheti
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Agioutantis
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
| | - Paraskevi Katsaounou
- Pulmonary Dept First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ipsilantou 45-7, 10675 Athens, Greece;
| | - Heleni Loutrari
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
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