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Devanabanda M, Sana SS, Madduri R, Kim SC, Iravani S, Varma RS, Vadde R. Immunomodulatory effects of copper nanoparticles against mitogen-stimulated rat splenic and thymic lymphocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114420. [PMID: 38151072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) on the primary B-and T-lymphocytes proliferation, cytokine levels, and bio-distribution through in vitro, in vivo and ex-vivo studies to allow the possible exploitations of CuNPs in biomedical applications. CuNPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The proliferative response of lymphocytes was studied by 3H-thymidine incorporation assay and lymphocyte viability through trypan blue assay. The bio-distribution of CuNPs into lymphoid organs was examined by using ex-vivo imaging system. Cytokine levels in plasma of control and CuNPs treated animal groups were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method along with other biochemical analysis. CuNPs significantly suppressed the proliferation of primary splenic and thymic lymphocytes in a dose dependent manner. Ex-vivo imaging exhibited the distribution of CuNPs in spleen and thymus. Oral administration of CuNPs (2 mg and 10 mg/kg body weight) significantly inhibited the proliferation of splenic and thymic lymphocytes along with lowered cytokines levels (TNF-alpha and IL-2) on comparison with controls. The results indicated the significant inhibition of lymphocytes proliferative response and secretion of cytokines, thus unveiling the immunomodulatory effects of CuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallaiah Devanabanda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, India; Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500042, India
| | - Siva Sankar Sana
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Ramanadham Madduri
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500042, India
| | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ramakrishna Vadde
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, India.
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