Circular RNA Hecw1 Regulates the Inflammatory Imbalance in Spinal Cord Injury via miR-3551-3p/LRRTM1 Axis

In-depth analyses of lncRNA and circRNA expression in the hippocampus of LPS-induced AD mice by Byu d Mar 25

Byu d Mar 25 (BM25) has been verified to have neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the expression profiling of lncRNAs and circRNAs by microarray analysis. Six hippocampus from LPS-mediated AD mice model treated with (normal saline (NS) (n = 3) and AD mice model treated with BM25 (n = 3) were selected. Microarray analysis was performed to detect the expression profiles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in hippocampus. Differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were identified through scatter plot and volcano plot filtering with a threshold of fold-change ≥2 and P  ≤ 0.05. Co-expression network is analyzed by Circos software. Cis - and Trans - regulation were analyzed using RIsearch-2.0 and FEELNC softwares. LncRNA-transcription factors (TFs) and LncRNA-Target-TFs network were analyzed by Clusterprofiler software. The prediction of miRNAs bind to circRNAs were performed with miRNAbase. A total of 113 DElncRNAs, 117 DEmRNAs, and 4 DEcircRNAs were detected. The pathway analysis showed the mRNAs that correlated with lncRNAs were involved in apoptosis, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, NF-kappa B and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The lncRNA-TFs network analysis suggested the lncRNAs were mostly regulated by Ncoa1, Phf5a, Klf6, Lmx1b, and Pax3. Additionally, lncRNA-target-TFs network analysis indicated the GATA6, Junb, Smad1, Twist1, and Mafb mostly regulate the same lncRNAs: XR_001783430.1 and NR_051982.1. Furthermore, 480 miRNAs were predicted binding to 4 identified circRNAs. The BM25 may affect AD by regulating the expression of lncRNAs and circRNAs, which could regulate the expressions of mRNAs or miRNAs by LncRNA-Target-TFs network.

Circ-KATNAL1 Knockdown Reduces Neuronal Apoptosis and Alleviates Spinal Cord Injury Through the miR-98-5p/PRDM5 Regulatory Axis

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease of the central nervous system. circRNAs play a crucial role in neurological disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of circ-KATNAL1 in SCI and its regulatory mechanism. T9-L10 spinal segment of Sprague Dawley rats was compressed or contused after T10 laminectomy to establish the SCI rat model. Then, rats were divided into SCI group, si-NC group, si-circ-KATNAL1 group, si-circ-KATNAL1 + antagomir NC group, si-circ-KATNAL1 + miR-98-5p antagomir group, si-circ-KATNAL1 + oe-NC group, and si-circ-KATNAL1 + oe-PRDM5 group, with 6 rats in each group. There was another sham operation group that received no treatment. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores were used to evaluate the neural function of rats. In addition to that, the pathological changes of spinal cord tissue, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammatory responses were correspondingly observed and analyzed. Quantitative measurements of circ-KATNAL1, miR-98-5p, and PRDM5 levels were conducted, as well as analyses of their interrelationship. Circ-KATNAL1 was up-regulated in the spinal cord tissue of SCI rats, and circ-KATNAL1 knockdown could improve neural function, alleviate pathological changes of spinal cord tissue, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses in SCI rats. For miR-98-5p, circ-KATNAL1 was an upstream factor, while PRDM5 was a downstream actor. miR-98-5p deficiency or PRDM5 restoration impaired the remission effect of circ-KATNAL1 knockdown on SCI. Circ-KATNAL1 knockdown reduces neuronal apoptosis and alleviates SCI through miR-98-5p/PRDM5 regulatory axis.

Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spinal Cord Injury-Related Neuropathic Pain via Neuroinflammation

Secondary chronic neuropathic pain (NP) in addition to sensory, motor, or autonomic dysfunction can significantly reduce quality of life after spinal cord injury (SCI). The mechanisms of SCI-related NP have been studied in clinical trials and with the use of experimental models. However, in developing new treatment strategies for SCI patients, NP poses new challenges. The inflammatory response following SCI promotes the development of NP. Previous studies suggest that reducing neuroinflammation following SCI can improve NP-related behaviors. Intensive studies of the roles of non-coding RNAs in SCI have discovered that ncRNAs bind target mRNA, act between activated glia, neuronal cells, or other immunocytes, regulate gene expression, inhibit inflammation, and influence the prognosis of NP.