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Padilla-Reyes DA, Dueñas-Moreno J, Mahlknecht J, Mora A, Kumar M, Ornelas-Soto N, Mejía-Avendaño S, Navarro-Gómez CJ, Bhattacharya P. Arsenic and fluoride in groundwater triggering a high risk: Probabilistic results using Monte Carlo simulation and species sensitivity distribution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142305. [PMID: 38740338 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) in groundwater poses substantial risks to human health on a global scale. These elements have been identified as the most prevalent geogenic contaminants in groundwater in northern Mexico. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the human health and ecological risks associated with the content of As and F- in the Meoqui-Delicias aquifer, which is in one of Mexico's most emblematic irrigation districts. Concentrations of As and F- were measured in 38 groundwater samples using ICP-MS and ion chromatography, respectively. Overall, these elements showed a similar trend across the aquifer, revealing a positive correlation between them and pH. The concentration of As and F- in the groundwater ranged from 5.3 μg/L to 303 μg/L and from 0.5 mg/L to 8.8 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the levels of As and F- surpassed the established national standards for safe drinking water in 92% and 97% of samples, respectively. Given that groundwater is used for both agricultural purposes and human activities, this study also assessed the associated human health and ecological risks posed by these elements using Monte Carlo simulation and Species Sensitivity Distribution. The findings disclosed a significant noncarcinogenic health risk associated with exposure to As and F-, as well as an unacceptable carcinogenic health risk to As through water consumption for both adults and children. Furthermore, a high ecological risk to aquatic species was identified for F- and high to medium risks for As in the sampling sites. Therefore, the findings in this study provide valuable information for Mexican authorities and international organizations (e.g., WHO) about the adverse effects that any exposure without treatment to groundwater from this region represents for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Padilla-Reyes
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jaime Dueñas-Moreno
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Abrahan Mora
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sandra Mejía-Avendaño
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen J Navarro-Gómez
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, 31109, Campus Uach II, Chihuahua, Chih, C.P. 31125, Mexico
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-114 28, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mohammadpour A, Hosseini MR, Dehbandi R, Khodadadi N, Keshtkar M, Shahsavani E, Elshall AS, Azhdarpoor A. Probabilistic human health risk assessment and Sobol sensitivity reveal the major health risk parameters of aluminum in drinking water in Shiraz, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7665-7677. [PMID: 37415002 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of aluminum salts (a.k.a., alum) in coagulation and flocculation processes in water treatment raises concerns about increased levels of aluminum (Al) in drinking water. In this study, we present a probabilistic human health risk assessment (HRA) for non-cancerogenic risks, with Sobol sensitivity analysis, to vet the concern of increased health risk from Al in drinking water in Shiraz, Iran, for children, adolescents, and adults. The results show that the concentration of Al in the drinking water in Shiraz varies significantly between winter and summer seasons and varies considerably spatially across the city irrespective of the season. However, all concentrations are below the guideline concentration. The HRA results show that the highest health risk is for children in summer, and the lowest is for adolescents and adults during winter, with generally higher health risks for younger age groups. However, Monte Carlo results for all age groups suggest no adverse health effects due to Al exposure. The sensitivity analysis shows that the sensitive parameters vary across age groups. For example, the Al concentration and ingestion rate pose the most risk for adolescent and adult groups, and children group, respectively. More importantly, the interaction of Al concentration with ingestion rate and body weight is the controlling parameters for evaluating HRA rather than Al concentration alone. We conclude that while the HRA of Al in Shiraz drinking water did not indicate significant health risk, regular monitoring and optimal operation of the coagulation and flocculation processes are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mohammadpour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hosseini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reza Dehbandi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Mahsa Keshtkar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shahsavani
- Research Center for Social Determinates of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Ahmed S Elshall
- Department of Bioengineering, Civil Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, U.A. Whitaker College of Engineering, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA
- The Water School, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA
| | - Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Sepúlveda CH, Sotelo-Gonzalez MI, Osuna-Martínez CC, Frías-Espericueta MG, Sánchez-Cárdenas R, Bergés-Tiznado ME, Góngora-Gómez AM, García-Ulloa M. Biomonitoring of potentially toxic elements through oysters (Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis) from coastal lagoons of Southeast Gulf of California, Mexico: health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2329-2348. [PMID: 35953735 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The coastal lagoons of the Gulf of California support important traditional fisheries and mollusc cultures (generally oysters) and receive important volumes of agricultural, industrial and urban effluents, consumption of the oysters could pose risk to human health. The concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in the oysters Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis, from four coastal lagoons (Altata, AL; Macapule, ML; Navachiste, NL; El Colorado, ECL) in the Southeast Gulf of California, were seasonally evaluated (summer 2019-spring 2020). The order of magnitude of potentially toxic elements concentrations in the soft tissue in both oyster species and at all sites was Zn > Fe > Cu > As > Cd > Pb. Cadmium, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded the maximum permissible limits in more than one sampling site. The highest concentrations (mg kg-1, wet weight) of As (4.2 ± 1.1, spring) and Cd (3.3 ± 0.7, autumn) were registered in S. palmula et al. and NL sampling sites, respectively. Crassostrea corteziensis presented higher levels of Cu (40.5 ± 6.7, spring), Pb (2.0 ± 0.4, spring), and Zn (96.9 ± 20.4, spring) in ECL and Fe (62.2 ± 25.4, autumn) in ML. The hazard quotient (HQ) values exceeded the safe level of 1 for Cd in S. palmula and C. corteziensis in NL for children (~ 16 kg weight). In addition, in children, the hazard index (HI) values in both species of oysters ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 and 0.6 to 1.9, respectively. On the other hand, the intake of the studied elements through the consumption of oysters would not induce adverse effects to human health (men and women weighing 70 and 60 kg, respectively); HQ and HI values were < 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Humberto Sepúlveda
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Recursos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Avenida de los Deportes S/N Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 82017, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Maria Isabel Sotelo-Gonzalez
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Recursos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Avenida de los Deportes S/N Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 82017, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Carmen Cristina Osuna-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Paseo Claussen S/N Col. Los Pinos, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Martín Gabriel Frías-Espericueta
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Paseo Claussen S/N Col. Los Pinos, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Sánchez-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Paseo Claussen S/N Col. Los Pinos, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Magdalena Elizabeth Bergés-Tiznado
- Ingeniería en Tecnología Ambiental, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa. Carretera Municipal Libre Mazatlán-Higueras Km. 3, C.P. 82199, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Andrés Martín Góngora-Gómez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Sinaloa, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes, No. 250, Col. San Joachin, C.P. 81101, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Manuel García-Ulloa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Sinaloa, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes, No. 250, Col. San Joachin, C.P. 81101, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Rangel-Moreno K, Mérida-Ortega Á, Gamboa-Loira B, Flores-García MK, Rothenberg SJ, López-Carrillo L. Dietary contribution to total urinary arsenic in Mexican women. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1453-1462. [PMID: 35793148 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2093982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) damages health in many ways. The main routes of human exposure are consumption of contaminated water and diet, but evidence regarding the dietary contribution of iAs is limited. The objective of this work was to determine the foods and beverages that contribute to urinary total arsenic levels (TAs). This is a secondary analysis of an original study of breast cancer cases and population controls carried out in northern Mexico during the period 2007-2011, from which 1,462 women without a history of diabetes were selected. We estimated the consumption of the food and beverage groups with a frequency questionnaire. We measured the concentrations of urinary iAs metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). Total arsenic ranged from 0.5 to 2,360 µg/g creatinine. After adjusting for covariates, we observed a positive association between TAs (with arsenobetaine) with non-bottled drinking water intake, as well as the consumption of root vegetables, vegetables and fruits rich in water, eggs, fish and shellfish. Our findings highlight the relevance of water consumption and some foods for TAs exposure. Food quality monitoring deserves attention in high-risk regions of arsenic contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Rangel-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Ángel Mérida-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - M Karen Flores-García
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Stephen J Rothenberg
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
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Khajehpour S, Karbassi A, Honarmand M, Shariat M. Exposure risk assessment, pollution level, and source identification of arsenic in soil: A case study of the Bardsir Plain (southeastern Iran). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1123-1136. [PMID: 33153289 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1836134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the total arsenic concentration in the soil and the related human exposure risks in the central part of the Bardsir Plain in southeastern Iran. The results show that the average total arsenic concentration in agricultural soil is 50.26 mg/kg, which is 2.5 times higher than the maximum acceptable limit (20 mg/kg) recommended by the European Community. The natural portion of the arsenic concentration was larger than the anthropogenic portion. The high total arsenic concentration could be due to a combination of geogenic sources and irrigation with polluted groundwater. The average values of Igeo, Ipoll, and IB for agricultural soils were 1.10, 0.14, and 0.15, respectively; which are characterized as moderately polluted. The average non-carcinogenic hazard (HI) values for children and adults were 2.27 and 0.24, respectively, suggesting that children are exposed to non-carcinogenic risks. The total carcinogen risk (CR) value was 1.16E-04, which indicates a high risk of harmful effects to inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Khajehpour
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environmental Pollution, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Karbassi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Honarmand
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shariat
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environmental Pollution, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Olmos V, Astolfo MA, Sassone AH, Villaamil Lepori EC. The level of exposure affects the arsenic urinary methylation profile of a population of children. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125623. [PMID: 33740719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Differences in the As methylation capacity of Argentine children, exposed to different levels of As in drinking water were evaluated, considering the gender and the presence of the As3MT T860C gene polymorphism. Inorganic As (%IAs), monomethylated As (%MMA) and dimethylated As (%DMA), primary methylation index (PMI) and secondary methylation index (SMI) were evaluated and represented the As methylation capacity. Urinary As ranged from 18 to 5106 µg/g creatinine. Comparisons were performed between lowest and highest quartiles of urinary As. The level of exposure was positively related to urinary %MMA and negatively to %DMA and to SMI. Considering the presence of the As3MT T860C polymorphism, the level of exposure increased %MMA, and decreased %DMA and the SMI in carriers of the T/T genotype. SMI OR for T/T carriers was 10.61 (95% CI: 2.16-52.16, p: 0.0036). Regarding the gender, the level of exposure increased %MMA, and decreased %DMA and the SMI in girls and boys. SMI OR for girls was 8.71 (95% CI: 1.48-51.08, p: 0.0165) and for boys, OR: 18.15 (95% CI: 2.03-162.35, p: 0.0095). It was possible to identify the level of exposure as a factor that can modify the influence that other factors have on the methylation of As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Olmos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Junin 956, 7th Floor, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina.
| | - María Agustina Astolfo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Junin 956, 7th Floor, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Adriana H Sassone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Junin 956, 7th Floor, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Edda C Villaamil Lepori
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Junin 956, 7th Floor, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
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Vega-Millán CB, Dévora-Figueroa AG, Burgess JL, Beamer PI, Furlong M, Lantz RC, Meza-Figueroa D, O Rourke MK, García-Rico L, Meza-Escalante ER, Balderas-Cortés JJ, Meza-Montenegro MM. Inflammation biomarkers associated with arsenic exposure by drinking water and respiratory outcomes in indigenous children from three Yaqui villages in southern Sonora, México. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34355-34366. [PMID: 33650048 PMCID: PMC7919633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental arsenic exposure in adults and children has been associated with a reduction in the expression of club cell secretory protein (CC16) and an increase in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), both biomarkers of lung inflammation and negative respiratory outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine if the levels of serum CC16 and MMP-9 and subsequent respiratory infections in children are associated with the ingestion of arsenic by drinking water. This cross-sectional study included 216 children from three Yaqui villages, Potam, Vicam, and Cocorit, with levels of arsenic in their ground water of 70.01 ± 21.85, 23.3 ± 9.99, and 11.8 ± 4.42 μg/L respectively. Total arsenic in water and urine samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry. Serum was analyzed for CC16 and MMP-9 using ELISA. The children had an average urinary arsenic of 79.39 μg/L and 46.8 % had levels above of the national concern value of 50 μg/L. Increased arsenic concentrations in drinking water and average daily arsenic intake by water were associated with decreased serum CC16 levels (β = - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.20, - 0.04 and β = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.18, - 0.03), and increased serum MMP-9 levels (β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.22, 0.48 and β = 0.29, 95% CI 0.18, 0.40) at significant levels (P < 0.05). However, no association was found between levels of these serum biomarkers and urinary arsenic concentrations. In these children, reduced serum CC16 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of respiratory infections (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13, 0.90). In conclusion, altered levels of serum CC16 and MMP-9 in the children may be due to the toxic effects of arsenic exposure through drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Vega-Millán
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Especialidad en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Ana G Dévora-Figueroa
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Especialidad en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paloma I Beamer
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa Furlong
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R Clark Lantz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, División de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Encinas, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Mary Kay O Rourke
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Leticia García-Rico
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Astiazarán 46, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Edna R Meza-Escalante
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - José J Balderas-Cortés
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Maria M Meza-Montenegro
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México.
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Social Representations of Drinking Water in Schoolchildren and Parents from Two Schools in Zapopan, Mexico. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061871. [PMID: 34070874 PMCID: PMC8229986 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity and children being overweight has increased recently; although they are multi-causal problems, an unhealthy diet is a critical component. In Mexico, drinking water consumption in children from 9 to 18 years only reaches 30% of total fluid consumption. The aim of our study was to describe the social representations (SR) of drinking water in school-children and parents of two schools in Zapopan, Mexico. Associative free listing was used as an information gathering technique. Schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years (n = 50) and parents (n = 23) from two elementary schools were selected by a convenience sampling from April to June 2015. A similarity analysis was performed using the co-occurrence index; with this, a similarity graph was obtained. Prototypical analysis was performed to explore the structure of the SR. Three dimensions were described in the children’s SR: a functional dimension related to health and nutrition, a practical dimension that describes the instruments used for its consumption, and a theoretical dimension that specifies the characteristics of water and its relationship with nature. In the parents’ SR, a functional dimension was also found; another dimension was described regarding the integral well-being that drinking water provides. A practical dimension describes the features related to its consumption. The investigation describes the structure of the water SR, which help to contextualize and explain the actions of schoolchildren and their parents regarding drinking water consumption.
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Navarro-Espinoza S, Angulo-Molina A, Meza-Figueroa D, López-Cervantes G, Meza-Montenegro M, Armienta A, Soto-Puebla D, Silva-Campa E, Burgara-Estrella A, Álvarez-Bajo O, Pedroza-Montero M. Effects of Untreated Drinking Water at Three Indigenous Yaqui Towns in Mexico: Insights from a Murine Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020805. [PMID: 33477870 PMCID: PMC7832869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Reports in a northwestern Mexico state linked arsenic (As) in drinking water to DNA damage in people from indigenous communities. However, this correlation remains under discussion due to unknown variables related to nutrition, customs, and the potential presence of other metal(oid)s. Methods: To determine this association, we sampled water from three Yaqui towns (Cócorit, Vícam, and Pótam), and analyzed the metals by ICP-OES. We exposed four separate groups, with five male CD-1 mice each, to provide further insight into the potential effects of untreated drinking water. Results: The maximum concentrations of each metal(oid) in µg·L−1 were Sr(819) > Zn(135) > As(75) > Ba(57) > Mo(56) > Cu(17) > Al(14) > Mn(12) > Se(19). Histological studies revealed brain cells with angulation, satellitosis, and reactive gliosis with significant statistical correlation with Mn and As. Furthermore, the liver cells presented hepatocellular degeneration. Despite the early response, there is no occurrence of both statistical and significative changes in hematological parameters. Conclusions: The obtained results provide experimental insights to understand the potential effects of untreated water with low As and Mn contents in murine models. This fact is noteworthy because of the development of histological changes on both the brain and liver at subchronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Navarro-Espinoza
- Department of Geology, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Aracely Angulo-Molina
- Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Department of Geology, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (D.M.-F.); (M.P.-M.)
| | - Guillermo López-Cervantes
- Department of Medicine, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Mercedes Meza-Montenegro
- Department of Natural Resources, Sonora Technological Institute, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Obregon City 85000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Aurora Armienta
- Institute of Geophysics, National Autonomous University of Mexico-UNAM, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico;
| | - Diego Soto-Puebla
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Erika Silva-Campa
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Alexel Burgara-Estrella
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Osiris Álvarez-Bajo
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología CONACyT, Insurgentes 1582, Benito Juárez 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Martín Pedroza-Montero
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.-F.); (M.P.-M.)
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Osuna-Martínez CC, Armienta MA, Bergés-Tiznado ME, Páez-Osuna F. Arsenic in waters, soils, sediments, and biota from Mexico: An environmental review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:142062. [PMID: 33207489 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed over 226 studies dealing with arsenic (As) in water bodies (124 sites or regions; 5,834 samples), soils (44; 2,700), sediments (56; 765), rocks (6; 85), mine waste (25; 582), continental plants (17 (77 species); 571), continental animals (10 (32 species); 3,525) and aquatic organisms (27 (100 species) 2,417) in Mexico. In general, higher As concentrations were associated with specific regions in the states of Hidalgo (21 sites), San Luis Potosi (SLP) (19), Baja California Sur (15), Zacatecas (5), and Morelos (4). High As levels have been detected in drinking water in certain locations of Coahuila (up to 435 μg L-1) and Sonora (up to 1004 μg L-1); in continental surficial water in Puebla (up to 780 μg L-1) and Matehuala, SLP (up to 8684 μg L-1); in groundwater in SLP (up to 16,000 μg L-1) and Morelia, Michoacán (up to 1506,000 μg L-1); in soils in Matehuala, SLP (up to 27,945 μg g-1) and the Xichú mining area, Guanajuato (up to 62,302 μg g-1); and in sediments in Zimapán, Hidalgo (up to 11,810 μg g-1) and Matehuala, SLP (up to 28,600 μg g-1). In contaminated arid and semi-arid areas, the plants P. laevigata and A. farnesiana exhibit the highest As levels. These findings emphasize the human and environmental risks associated with the presence of As in such regions. A synthesis of the available techniques for the removal of As in water and the remediation technologies for As contaminated soils and sediments is given. The As occurrence, origin (geogenic, thermal, mining and anthropogenic) and evolution in specific regions is summarized. Also, the mobilization and mechanisms to explain the As variability in continental environments are concisely given. For future research, a stratified regional sampling is proposed which prioritizes critical sites for waters, soils and sediments, and biota, considering the subpopulation of foods from agriculture, livestock, and seafood. It is concluded that more detailed and comprehensive studies concerning pollution levels, as well as As trends, transfer, speciation, and toxic effects are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cristina Osuna-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n Col. Centro, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - María Aurora Armienta
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geofísica, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, 04360 México, D.F., Mexico; Member of El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 Poniente, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Federico Páez-Osuna
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, P.O. Box 811, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Member of El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 Poniente, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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11
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Wang Q, Huang Q, Guo G, Qin J, Luo J, Zhu Z, Hong Y, Xu Y, Hu S, Hu W, Yang C, Wang J. Reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soil and uptake by maize using organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:128122. [PMID: 33113643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in soil are harmful to human health via the food chain, but little is known about the mechanism of reducing bioavailability of Cd or Pb to maize (Zea mays L.) by applying complex amendments to soil. A field experiment was conducted at a tropical site in Hainan Province, China, that had been subjected to soil pollution by Cd and Pb from past mining activities. There were ten treatment groups comprising a mixture of biochar, hydroxyapatite (HAP), manure, and plant ash in varying proportions and at three different rates. Compared with untreated soil, all treatments increased pH by 2-3 units in bulk soil or 1-2 units in rhizosphere soil. For all amendments, the concentration of Cd in all parts of maize plants was decreased compared with unamended soil, but this effect was much smaller for Pb. The greatest effect was found with a mixture containing the ratio of HAP:manure:biochar:plant ash as 6:4:2:1 when applied at 20.1 t ha-1. The dominant microbial group in contaminated soil was Proteobacteria. There is evidence that this group can immobilize Cd by mechanisms that include biosorption and bioprecipitation. It was concluded that the mixed amendments containing biochar, HAP, manure, and plant ash can be useful in decreasing Cd uptake by maize. The amendment in this study likely operates through a combination of soil chemical changes and by influencing the soil-microbe-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Qing Huang
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China.
| | - Genmao Guo
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Jiemin Qin
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Junyi Luo
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropic Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Yi Hong
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropic Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Shan Hu
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Wen Hu
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- College of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China.
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12
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Fernández-Macias JC, Ochoa-Martínez ÁC, Orta-García ST, Varela-Silva JA, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Probabilistic human health risk assessment associated with fluoride and arsenic co-occurrence in drinking water from the metropolitan area of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:712. [PMID: 33070268 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08675-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A major public health concern in Mexico is the natural contamination of groundwater with fluoride and arsenic. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the magnitude of human health risk after determining fluoride and arsenic concentrations in groundwater samples (n = 50) from the Metropolitan area of the city of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Fluoride levels in water were determined via a potentiometric method using an ion-selective electrode. Arsenic concentrations in water samples were determined with an Atomic Absorption technique. Subsequently, a probabilistic health risk assessment was developed (Monte Carlo Analysis). Fluoride levels in water ranged from 0.20 to 3.50 mg/L. For arsenic, the mean level found in the assessed water samples was 15.5 ± 5.50 μg/L (range: 2.50-30.0 μg/L). In addition, when the probabilistic health risk assessment was completed, a mean HI (cumulative hazardous index) of higher than 1 was detected, indicating a high NCR (non-carcinogenic risk) for children and adults. According to the results found in this study, exposure protection campaigns are imperative in the Metropolitan area of the city of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, to successfully diminish exposure to arsenic and fluoride and, as a consequence, decrease the NCR in the population living in that region of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Fernández-Macias
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ángeles C Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sandra T Orta-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - José A Varela-Silva
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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13
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Karimian S, Chamani A, Shams M. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in the Zayandeh-Rud River as the only permanent river in the central plateau of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:316. [PMID: 32342228 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zayandeh-Rud River is the only permanent river in the central plateau of Iran. This river has been subject to an extensive discharge of wastewater and effluents from several point and nonpoint pollution sources. Accordingly, sediment quality of Zayandeh-Rud River in Varzaneh region, were studied. Algae and the sediment were sampled through 3 replications at 6 stations in the downstream after crossing through the Isfahan city and reaching Gavkhuni international wetland. Chlorophyll content and As, Pb, and Cd concentrations were measured in each sample Cladophora sp. and Oscillatoria sp. were identified using standard identification keys. The mean concentrations of metals in all stations exceeded background levels. Mean concentration of arsenic (162.9 mg/kg) in the sediment is about 31 times more than the ISQG standard (5.9 mg/kg) and considerably higher than the similar studies in Iran and other regions of the world. The mean concentration of As in algae samples is higher than the most polluted areas of the world. The mean concentration of Pb in the sediment (19.69 mg/kg) is lower than the ISQGs standard (35 mg/kg) and most of the studied river in north of Iran such as Chalous, Baboul-Rud, Gorgan-Rud (North), Khiav (North West), and Anzali wetland. The mean concentration of Cd in the sediment (2.11 mg/kg) is significantly higher than ISQG standard (0.6 mg/kg and some north highly polluted wetlands of Iran such as Anzali. There is a significant positive correlation between the mean concentrations of As and Pb in the sediment and Cladophora sp. tissue, and a negative one between the mean concentration of Pb in the sediment and chlorophyll b/a. There are significant negative correlations between the mean concentration of As in the sediment and chlorophyll a, and the total chlorophyll concentration in Oscillatoria sp. The results of Muller index indicate that the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and As in all stations occur in the Unpolluted, Moderate/Heavy, and Heavy/Extreme groups, respectively. Degree of contamination and modified degree of contamination show very high degree of pollution in the studied area. RI in all the stations showed very high ecological risk. The bioaccumulation factor for all metals in both algae is less than one. So, these two species may not be described as heavy metal accumulators. This study is an alarm for the Zayandeh-Rud River as the most important freshwater source for the Iranian Plateau. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Karimian
- Environmental Sciences Department, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Chamani
- Environmental Sciences Department, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Shams
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Jones M, Credo J, Ingram J, Baldwin J, Trotter R, Propper C. Arsenic Concentrations in Ground and Surface Waters across Arizona Including Native Lands. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY WATER RESEARCH & EDUCATION 2020; 169:44-60. [PMID: 33042358 PMCID: PMC7544159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1936-704x.2020.03331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Parts of the Southwestern United States report arsenic levels in water resources that are above the United States Environmental Protection Agency's current drinking water limits. Prolonged exposure to arsenic through food and drinking water can contribute to significant health problems including cancer, developmental effects, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity, and diabetes. In order to understand exposure risks, water sampling and testing has been conducted throughout Arizona. This information is available to the public through often non-overlapping databases that are difficult to access and in impracticable formats. The current study utilized a systemic compilation of online databases to compile a spreadsheet containing over 33,000 water samples. The reported arsenic concentrations from these databases were collected from 1990-2017. Using ArcGIS software, these data were converted into a map shapefile and overlaid onto a map of Arizona. This visual representation shows that arsenic levels in surface and ground water exceed the United States Environmental Protection Agency's drinking water limits for many sites in several counties in Arizona, and there is an underrepresentation of sampling in several tribal jurisdictions. This information is useful for water managers and private well owners throughout the State for determining safe drinking water sources and limiting exposure to arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.C. Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - J.M. Credo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - J.C. Ingram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - J.A. Baldwin
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - R.T. Trotter
- Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - C.R. Propper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
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15
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Alegría-Torres JA, Pérez-Rodríguez RY, García-Torres L, Costilla-Salazar R, Rocha-Amador D. Exposure to arsenic and lead in children from Salamanca México, effects on telomeric lengthening and mitochondrial DNA. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:6420-6428. [PMID: 31873895 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Levels of urinary arsenic and levels of lead in blood were measured in children attending elementary schools located in an industrial zone in Salamanca, México. Its possible effects using telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number as biomarkers of genomic disequilibrium by oxidative stress were studied. Eighty-eight children (6-15 years old) were included and urine samples were collected for quantification of arsenic, while lead was measured in blood samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and relative telomere length and the mitochondrial DNA copy number were determined by real-time PCR. The geometric mean of urinary arsenic was 54.16 μg/L (11.7-141.1 μg/L). Ninety-eight percent of the children were above 15 μg/L (biomonitoring equivalent value). With respect to the concentration of lead in blood, the mean was 3.78 μg/dL (LOD-22.61), where 24.5% of the participants had equal or above the reference value (5 μg/dL; Mexican Official Norm NOM-199-SSA1-2000, 2017). A positive association between urinary arsenic and telomere length was found (β = 0.161; 95% CI: 0.12; 0.301; P = 0.034), while lead blood concentrations were negatively associated with mitochondrial DNA copy number (β = - 0.198; 95% CI: - 2.81; - 0.17; P = 0.019), after adjusting by age, sex, and total white blood cell count. Differences in the mitochondrial DNA content were observed in children with lead blood levels from 2.5 μg/dL, (P ≤ 0.001), suggesting an effect at lead exposure levels considered acceptable (< 5 μg/dL). In conclusion, children living in an industrial area in Salamanca showed an exposure to arsenic and lead and an impact on telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content associated with arsenic and lead exposure, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alejandro Alegría-Torres
- Department of Pharmacy, DCNE, University of Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n Edificio I planta alta, Guanajuato, México.
- Laboratorio de Investigación Molecular en Nutrición (LIMON), Universidad del Centro de México UCEM, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | | | - Lizeth García-Torres
- Laboratorio de Investigación Molecular en Nutrición (LIMON), Universidad del Centro de México UCEM, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Diana Rocha-Amador
- Department of Pharmacy, DCNE, University of Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n Edificio I planta alta, Guanajuato, México
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16
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Giménez-Gómez P, Baldi A, Ayora C, Fernández-Sánchez C. Automated Determination of As(III) in Waters with an Electrochemical Sensor Integrated into a Modular Microfluidic System. ACS Sens 2019; 4:3156-3165. [PMID: 31657207 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The presence of high levels of arsenic in waters poses a threat to the human health in many countries all over the world. Effective surveillance programs of water quality require the implementation of in-field tests to assess early the presence of this metal ion and other contaminants. To date, there exist few market-available analytical approaches that suffer from important limitations related to cost, in addition to complex reactions, very long analysis times, and/or high limits of detection. This work describes a robust electrochemical sensor integrated into a modular microfluidic system that shows a clear potential to be deployed for the on-site monitoring of inorganic As(III) species. Flexible and transparent microfluidic modules are fabricated by rapid prototyping techniques and include different microfluidic components among them, flow cells where electrochemical sensors can be easily and reversibly inserted. The electrochemical sensor comprises a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-modified gold thin-film electrode that is readily applied to the sensitive detection of As(III) by anodic stripping linear sweep voltammetry. The microfluidic system enables the automatic sensor calibration, sample uptake, and preconditioning as well as As(III) detection. The system response to As(III) is linear in a concentration range of 1-150 μg L-1, with a detection limit of 0.42 μg L-1, which is well below the threshold value of 10 μg L-1 set by the World Health Organization. Analysis of tap water and two water samples from two Argentinean aquifers, spiked with different As(III) concentrations, demonstrates the excellent performance of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Giménez-Gómez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Baldi
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ayora
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Fernández-Sánchez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nonomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Das S, Upadhaya P, Barhoi D, Nath Barbhuiya S, Langthasa P, Giri S. GCMS analysis of sadagura (smokeless tobacco), its enhanced genomic instability causing potential due to arsenic co-exposure, and vitamin-C supplementation as a possible remedial measure: a study involving multiple model test systems. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:185-196. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1675687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Das
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Dharmeswar Barhoi
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Sweety Nath Barbhuiya
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Pimily Langthasa
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Sarbani Giri
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
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18
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Adsorption of Aqueous As (III) in Presence of Coexisting Ions by a Green Fe-Modified W Zeolite. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The high toxicity of arsenite and the difficulty to remove it is one of the main challenges for water treatment. In the present work the surface of a low cost zeolite was modified by chemical treatment with a ferrous chloride to enhance its arsenite adsorption capacity. The effect of pH, ions coexistence, concentration, temperature and dosage was studied on the adsorption process. Additionally, the Fe-modified W zeolite was aged by an accelerated procedure and the regeneration of the exhausted zeolite was demonstrated. The Fe-modified W zeolite was stable in the pH range of 3 to 8 and no detriment to its arsenite removal capacity was observed in the presence of coexisting ions commonly found in underground water. The studies showed that the adsorption of As (III) on Fe-modified W zeolite is a feasible, spontaneous and endothermic process and it takes place by chemical bonding. The exhausting process proved the adsorption of 0.20 mg g−1 of As (III) by the Fe-modified W zeolite and this withstand at least five aging cycles without significant changes of its arsenite adsorption capacity. Fe-modified W zeolite prepared from fly ash might be a green and low-cost alternative for removal of As (III) from groundwater.
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