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Zambonino MC, Quizhpe EM, Mouheb L, Rahman A, Agathos SN, Dahoumane SA. Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles in Biomedical Sciences: Properties, Current Trends, Novel Opportunities and Emerging Challenges in Theranostic Nanomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:424. [PMID: 36770385 PMCID: PMC9921003 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an important dietary supplement and an essential trace element incorporated into selenoproteins with growth-modulating properties and cytotoxic mechanisms of action. However, different compounds of selenium usually possess a narrow nutritional or therapeutic window with a low degree of absorption and delicate safety margins, depending on the dose and the chemical form in which they are provided to the organism. Hence, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are emerging as a novel therapeutic and diagnostic platform with decreased toxicity and the capacity to enhance the biological properties of Se-based compounds. Consistent with the exciting possibilities offered by nanotechnology in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, SeNPs are useful tools in current biomedical research with exceptional benefits as potential therapeutics, with enhanced bioavailability, improved targeting, and effectiveness against oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated disorders. In view of the need for developing eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple, and high-throughput biomedical agents that can also ally with theranostic purposes and exhibit negligible side effects, biogenic SeNPs are receiving special attention. The present manuscript aims to be a reference in its kind by providing the readership with a thorough and comprehensive review that emphasizes the current, yet expanding, possibilities offered by biogenic SeNPs in the biomedical field and the promise they hold among selenium-derived products to, eventually, elicit future developments. First, the present review recalls the physiological importance of selenium as an oligo-element and introduces the unique biological, physicochemical, optoelectronic, and catalytic properties of Se nanomaterials. Then, it addresses the significance of nanosizing on pharmacological activity (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) and cellular interactions of SeNPs. Importantly, it discusses in detail the role of biosynthesized SeNPs as innovative theranostic agents for personalized nanomedicine-based therapies. Finally, this review explores the role of biogenic SeNPs in the ongoing context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and presents key prospects in translational nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie C. Zambonino
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Mateo Quizhpe
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Lynda Mouheb
- Laboratoire de Recherche de Chimie Appliquée et de Génie Chimique, Hasnaoua I, Université Mouloud Mammeri, BP 17 RP, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Center for Midstream Management and Science, Lamar University, 211 Redbird Ln., Beaumont, TX 77710, USA
| | - Spiros N. Agathos
- Earth and Life Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Si Amar Dahoumane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18, Ave Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
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Gu X, Wang Y, He Y, Zhao B, Zhang Q, Li S. MiR-1656 targets GPX4 to trigger pyroptosis in broilers kidney tissues by activating NLRP3 inflammasome under Se deficiency. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 105:109001. [PMID: 35346830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a vital minor element for the organism. Se deficiency caused inflammation in kidney tissue and regulate the expression of selenoproteins and microRNAs (miRNAs). Pyroptosis involved in the inflammatory response, however, whether microRNA targets GPX4 to regulate Se-deficient kidney tissue pyroptosis is unclear. In this study, broilers were divided into two groups, Control group with 0.3mg/kg Se diet and Se-deficient group with 0.03mg/kg Se diet. The dual luciferase reporter assay system and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to screen the specificity of miR-1656 and its target protein in Se-deficient broilers. We tested the pyroptosis-related genes of Se-deficient broilers kidney and miR-1656-transfected primary broilers kidney by qRT-PCR, Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence staining. Our research indicated that the GPX4 is one of the target genes of miR-1656, and Se deficiency leaded to the overexpression of miR-1656 and the increased expression of pyroptosis-related genes. The overexpression of miR-1656 can induce increased expression of pyroptosis-related genes including NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β by inhibiting the release of GPX4. This study showed that miR-1656 could increase the release of ROS by targeting GPX4, activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, and release the inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 to trigger pyroptosis in the kidney tissue of Se-deficient broilers. This finding may provide new research ideas for kidney injury and cell death due to Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedie Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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Urbankova L, Skalickova S, Pribilova M, Ridoskova A, Pelcova P, Skladanka J, Horky P. Effects of Sub-Lethal Doses of Selenium Nanoparticles on the Health Status of Rats. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9020028. [PMID: 33546233 PMCID: PMC7913318 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are fast becoming a key instrument in several applications such as medicine or nutrition. Questions have been raised about the safety of their use. Male rats were fed for 28 days on a monodiet containing 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 mg Se/kg. Se content in blood and liver, liver panel tests, blood glucose, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed. Liver and duodenum were subjected to histopathology examination. The weight gain of rats showed no differences between tested groups. Se content in blood was higher in all treated groups compared to the control group. The liver concentration of Se in the treated groups varied in the range from 222 to 238 ng/g. No differences were observed in the activity of AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and TAS (total antioxidant status). A significant decrease in ALT activity compared to the control group was observed in the treated groups. GPx activity varied from 80 to 88 U/mL through tested groups. SOD activity in liver was decreased in the SeNP-treated group with 5 mg Se/kg (929 ± 103 U/mL). Histopathological examination showed damage to the liver parenchyma and intestinal epithelium in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggests that short-term SeNP supplementation can be safe and beneficial in Se deficiency or specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Urbankova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Pribilova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Andrea Ridoskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (P.P.)
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Pelcova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
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Zhou Y, Zhu H, Qi Y, Wu C, Zhang J, Shao L, Tan J, Chen D. Absorption and Distribution of Selenium Following Oral Administration of Selenium-Enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98, Selenized Yeast, or Sodium Selenite in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:599-605. [PMID: 31845206 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-02011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the essential elements required to maintain human health. Although various kinds of Se supplements are now available on the market, their biological activities and toxicities vary based on the transportation characteristics of Se. In this study, we compared the absorption and distribution of Se in rats administered with different Se supplements: Se-enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98 (Se-DD98), selenized yeast (Se-Y), and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Se-DD98, Se-Y, and Na2SeO3 were orally administered to rats. The plasma Se content at different time points after administration was determined within 72 h. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed to reveal the absorption of Se. Se-DD98, Se-Y, and Na2SeO3 were also repeatedly administered by oral gavage for 30 days, and Se content of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and muscle was determined to analyze the distribution of Se. The results showed that the organic Se supplements (Se-DD98 and Se-Y) were more easily absorbed into the blood and retained longer in the plasma than the inorganic Na2SeO3 was. Moreover, Se-DD98 induced better absorption of Se in plasma than Se-Y did. Furthermore, significantly higher concentrations of Se were found in the heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, and muscle of rats administered with organic Se supplements (Se-DD98 and Se-Y) than those administered the inorganic Na2SeO3. Rats administered Se-DD98 accumulated more Se in the spleen, lung, and kidney than those administered Se-Y, while Se-Y led to higher concentration of Se in the liver compared to Se-DD98. These results suggest that the organic form of Se was better absorbed and accumulated than the inorganic form was. Se-enriched B. longum DD98 induced greater absorption of Se in plasma and accumulation of Se in several organs than the selenized yeast did, which could suggest the potential superior nutritional function of Se-DD98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201100, China
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Yan Qi
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunzhen Wu
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lei Shao
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jun Tan
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Daijie Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201100, China.
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, No. 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Zeng X, Zhang X, Fan B, Li Y, Jia Z, Huang W, Liu J, Liu G. Pharmacokinetics of Sodium Selenite in Rat Plasma and Tissues After Intragastric Administration. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:494-501. [PMID: 31656014 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the absorption, distribution, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of selenite in rats after intragastric administration, and thus illustrate the efficiency of selenium (Se) supplementation. After a single gavage of sodium selenite, a concentration of Se in plasma and tissues was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at different time points. Through fitting the data with the metabolic kinetic model, the corresponding kinetic parameters were determined for plasma and tissues, including kidney, liver, heart, muscle, and gonad. While the metabolic kinetics of sodium selenite in plasma, liver, and kidney of rats was well reflected by a two-compartment open model, that in heart and gonad was fitted to a one-compartment open model, and that in muscle was fitted to a one-compartment open model with a lag time. The results indicate that sodium selenite was absorbed by plasma and tissues quickly and was eliminated slowly after intragastric administration. Based on the results, we propose that multi-supplementation of Se with low dosage is superior to single supplementation with high dosage, in terms of avoiding selenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Guanggu 1st road, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Fan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Jia
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyao Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiafa Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Guanggu 1st road, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China.
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Li B, Li W, Tian Y, Guo S, Qian L, Xu D, Cao N. Selenium-Alleviated Hepatocyte Necrosis and DNA Damage in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Geese by Mitigating Oxidative Stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 193:508-516. [PMID: 31025241 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been well recognized as an immune-enhancing agent with antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. The commonly used chemotherapy drug, cyclophosphamide (CTX), induces liver injury by increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. However, little is known about how Se alleviates CTX-induced liver injury in geese. In this study, 90 male Magang geese (3 days old) were randomly allocated into three groups (control, CTX, and Se + CTX group) with three replicates per group and ten geese per replicate. The control and CTX groups were fed a basal diet (Se content was 0.03 mg/kg). The Se + CTX group was fed a basal diet containing 0.44 mg/kg sodium selenite (Se content was 0.2 + 0.03 mg/kg). The control group was injected with 0.5 mL saline, while the CTX and Se + CTX groups were injected with CTX at 40 mg/kg body weight per day on days 21-23. The liver index, liver histology, and ultra-micromorphology detected antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver and serum. In addition, we detected the liver marker enzymes and protein levels in serum, and hepatocyte DNA damage. Se could alleviate liver development dysregulation, hepatocyte structural damage, the disturbances in antioxidant enzyme (GPx, CAT, and SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum and liver. Besides, Se could alleviate the dysregulation of liver marker enzyme (ALT and AST) activity and protein (ALB and TP) levels in the serum, and DNA migration induced by CTX. In conclusion, Se may inhibit hepatocyte necrosis and DNA damage by inhibiting CTX-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Li
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyan Li
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunbo Tian
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixuan Guo
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Qian
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danning Xu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nan Cao
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China.
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Lin X, Yang T, Li H, Ji Y, Zhao Y, He J. Interactions Between Different Selenium Compounds and Essential Trace Elements Involved in the Antioxidant System of Laying Hens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 193:252-260. [PMID: 30929135 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions between different selenium (Se) compounds including sodium selenite (SS), selenium-enriched yeast (SY), and nano-selenium (NS) and various essential trace elements involved in the antioxidant systems, and to evaluate the effects on laying performance and egg quality. A total of 288 21-week-old Hyline Sophie hens were allotted to four dietary treatments: (1) basal diet without Se supplementation; (2) basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Se of SS; (3) basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Se of SY; (4) basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Se of NS. Each treatment had eight replicates with nine hens per replicate. The trial lasted for 35 days. Results demonstrated that NS supplementation decreased the egg production (EP) and increased the feed conversion rate (FCR) and eggshell thickness and that SY changed the egg shape index (p < 0.05). Supplementation with three Se compounds significantly increased serum Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in all treatment groups, as well as total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in the SY and NS groups. Yolk iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) concentrations in the NS group were also increased with Se supplementation. While the serum zinc (Zn) concentration decreased in the NS and SY groups, as well as the yolk manganese (Mn) concentration in the SY group. And the total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) of yolk with 3 days of storage in the SY and NS groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) value in the NS group, and the T-SOD activity and MDA value of yolk with 10 days of storage in the SY group also decreased. Thus, the source of Se compounds may influence the balance between Se and other trace elements including Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu, which is important for proper antioxidant defense in blood and egg yolk of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Ting Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Yinli Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Selenium Treatment Enhanced Clearance of Salmonella in Chicken Macrophages (HD11). Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110532. [PMID: 31703342 PMCID: PMC6912687 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important micronutrient, selenium (Se) plays many essential roles in immune response and protection against pathogens in humans and animals, but underlying mechanisms of Se-based control of salmonella growth within macrophages remain poorly elucidated. In this study, using RNA-seq analyses, we demonstrate that Se treatment (at an appropriate concentration) can modulate the global transcriptome of chicken macrophages HD11. The bioinformatic analyses (KEGG pathway analysis) revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in retinol and glutathione metabolism, revealing that Se may be associated with retinol and glutathione metabolism. Meanwhile, Se treatment increased the number of salmonella invading the HD11 cells, but reduced the number of salmonella within HD11 cells, suggesting that enhanced clearance of salmonella within HD11 cells was potentially modulated by Se treatment. Furthermore, RNA-seq analyses also revealed that nine genes including SIVA1, FAS, and HMOX1 were differentially expressed in HD11 cells infected with salmonella following Se treatment, and GO enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in an extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. In summary, these results indicate that Se treatment may not only affect retinol and glutathione metabolism in macrophages, but could also inhibit salmonella-induced macrophage apoptosis via an extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway involving SIVA1.
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