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Asha AA, Haque MM, Hossain MK, Hasan MM, Bashar A, Hasan MZ, Shohan MH, Farin NN, Schneider P, Bablee AL. Effects of Commercial Probiotics on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota and Intestinal Histomorphology of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Biofloc Technology (BFT). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:299. [PMID: 38785781 PMCID: PMC11117564 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Though different types of commercial probiotics are supplemented in biofloc technology (BFT), very little information is available on their effects on the farmed fish. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating the effects of three most commonly used commercial probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, and intestinal microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in BFT. Tilapia fry, with an average weight of 3.02 ± 0.50 g, were stocked at a density of 60 fry/0.2 m3, and cultured for 90 days. Three commercial probiotics were administered, with three replications for each: a single-genus multi-species probiotic (Bacillus spp.) (T1), a multi-genus multi-species probiotic (Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Nitrosomonas sp., Nitrobacter sp.) (T2), and a multi-species probiotic (Bacillus spp.) combined with enzymes including amylase, protease, cellulase, and xylanase (T3). The results showed significant variations in growth and feed utilization, with T3 outperforming other treatments in terms of weight gain, liver weight, and intestine weight. Adding Bacillus spp. with enzymes (T3) to water significantly increased the histomorphological parameters (villi length, villi depth, crypt depth, muscle thickness, intestinal thickness) as well as microbes (total viable count and total lactic acid bacteria) of intestine of fish compared to T1 and T2, leading to improved digestion and absorption responses. It is concluded that the supplementation of commercial probiotics has potential benefits on farmed fish species in BFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Akter Asha
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Mohammad Mahfujul Haque
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Md. Kabir Hossain
- Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Abul Bashar
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Md. Zahid Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Mobin Hossain Shohan
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Nawshin Nayla Farin
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
| | - Petra Schneider
- Department of Water, Environment, Civil Engineering and Safety, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, 3655 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Alif Layla Bablee
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.A.); (M.M.H.); (M.M.H.); (A.B.); (M.Z.H.); (M.H.S.); (N.N.F.)
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Channa MJ, Ayub H, Ujan JA, Habib SS, Ullah M, Attaullah S, Khayyam K, Khan K. Human Health Risk Assessment due to the Incidence of Heavy Metals in Different Commercial Feeds Used for the Culturing of Biofloc Fish (Nile tilapia: Oreochromis niloticus). Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1741-1751. [PMID: 37452268 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fish meat is a major and rich source of white protein; its quality is determined by the fish feed. However, the low-quality feed may contribute to a source of contamination if it does not fulfill the standard protocol. Biofloc is considered one of the most efficient, successful aquacultures, but this system is still under investigation for its efficiency and safety. Thus, current study focused on the heavy metal contamination in biofloc fish fed on different commercial feeds and human health risk analysis. Samples of extensively used three feeds (Supreme™, Hitech™, and MH-Aqua™), tanks water, and biofloc fish (gills, liver muscle) were collected for heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, and Cr) analysis using atomic absorption spectrometry. An experiment was designed by dividing the fish into three groups: group 1 (Supreme™), group 2 (Hitech™), and group 3 (MH-Aqua™). A bioaccumulation factor and human health risk assessment have been calculated to measure fish and human health. Results revealed that most of the heavy metal concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in MH-Aqua™ feed compared to others. Similarly, heavy metal concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in the water of group 3, where fish was cultured on MH-Aqua™ feed. However, in the fish gills, liver, and muscle, the heavy metal concentration was significantly greater in group 3 fed on MH-Aqua™ feed, followed by group 1. Heavy metals in all feeds were positively correlated to the heavy metal concentration of the fish muscles. The bioaccumulation factor for Cu and Pb was higher in the fish liver, Cd and Cr in the case of fish gills, and least in the fish muscle. EDI and THQ values vary in all the groups, while the HI value was found lower than 1 in group 1 and group 2 but higher in group 3 fed on MH-Aqua™ feed. Strict checks and balances in formulating a diet will be helpful to progressively lower the amount of dangerous heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huma Ayub
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, 10250, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Javed Ahmed Ujan
- Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, 66111, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikandar Habib
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Mujeeb Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khayyam Khayyam
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Asha JF, Ahmed SF, Biswas A, Bony ZF, Chowdhury MR, Sarker BC. Impacts of long-term irrigation with coalmine effluent contaminated water on trace metal contamination of topsoil and potato tubers in Dinajpur area, Bangladesh. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24100. [PMID: 38293543 PMCID: PMC10827468 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid depletion of groundwater and climate change mediated shifting precipitation pattern is forcing farmers to look for alternative irrigation options like wastewater. However, routine irrigation with trace metal contaminated wastewaters could potentially pollute soil as well as cause health risks through the consumption of food products grown in contaminated soil. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the trace metals build-up status in topsoil and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers upon continuous irrigation with coalmine effluent contaminated wastewater compared to irrigation with groundwater and surface water over three consecutive years. Soil pollution status and human health risk associated with consumption of potato tubers grown on wastewater-irrigated soil was also assessed in this study. Three separate experimental sites differing in irrigation source (groundwater, surface water, and coalmine wastewater) were selected near Barapukuria Coal Mining Company Limited located at Parbatipur upazilla of Dinajpur district, Bangladesh. Nine trace metals namely arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were estimated. Results showed significantly higher trace metal content in both soil and potato tubers due to wastewater irrigation. Wastewater suitability for irrigation regarding Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb were off the permissible level although the soil contamination with trace metals and their levels in potato tubers remained within the safety limit. Health risk assessment revealed that, consumption of potato tubers grown in wastewater-irrigated soil remained safe although health risk associated with Cr was almost at the border. The study exclusively highlighted the core massage that, trace metal contamination of both soil and potatoes cultivated in them was increasing alarmingly due to three years of wastewater-irrigation. Although the extent of contamination was below critical limit, it can potentially become hazardous in years to come unless wastewater-irrigation is checked. This study was successful to provide valuable insights regarding the potential environmental and human health threats that might arise due to unmindful irrigation of contaminated coalmine wastewater. Besides, this study should prove useful in strategizing safety measures for cropping under trace metal contaminated soils and for planning industrial effluent disposal to avoid agricultural soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdoushi Asha
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Faruk Ahmed
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Arindam Biswas
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdaous Bony
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rizvi Chowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Bikash Chandra Sarker
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
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Kovacik A, Tvrda E, Tomka M, Revesz N, Arvay J, Fik M, Harangozo L, Hleba L, Kovacikova E, Jambor T, Hlebova M, Andreji J, Massanyi P. Seasonal assessment of selected trace elements in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) blood and their effects on the biochemistry and oxidative stress markers. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1522. [PMID: 37995020 PMCID: PMC10667414 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by anthropogenic activity is still a highly relevant global problem. Aquatic animals are a specifically endangered group of organisms due to their continuous direct contact with the contaminated environment. Concentrations of selected trace elements in the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (n = 36) blood serum/clot were monitored. Possible effects of the elements on selected biochemical and oxidative markers were evaluated. The concentrations of trace elements (Al, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Tl, and Zn) were analysed in the fish blood serum and blood clot by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). A general scheme of decreasing concentrations of trace elements in the blood serum samples was: Zn ˃ Fe ˃ Sr ˃ Ba ˃ Ni ˃ Al ˃ Cu ˃ Be ˃ Co; < LOQ (below limit of quantification): Bi, Cd, Cr, Ga, Mn, Mo, Pb, Tl; and in the case of the blood clot, the scheme was as follows: Fe ˃ Zn ˃ Sr ˃ Al ˃ Ni ˃ Ba ˃ Cu ˃ Be ˃ Co ˃ Mn; < LOQ (below limit of quantification): Bi, Cd, Cr, Ga, Mo, Pb, Tl. Significant differences among the seasons were detected. The Spearman R correlation coefficients and linear or non-linear regression were used to evaluate direct relationships between trace elements and selected blood biomarkers. The correlation analysis between biochemical parameters (Na, K, P, Mg, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, TAG, TP, urea, glucose) and trace elements (Al, Ba, Be, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sr, and Zn) concentrations confirmed statistically significant interactions in both seasons (summer and autumn). The regression analysis between oxidative stress markers (ROS, GPx, creatinine, uric acid, and bilirubin) and elements (Al, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Sr) content confirmed statistically significant interactions. The results point to numerous connections between the observed elements and the physiological parameters of freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kovacik
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Eva Tvrda
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marian Tomka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Revesz
- DSM Nutritional Products Inc. Hungary Kft, Japán Fasor 4, 2367, Újhartyán, Hungary
| | - Julius Arvay
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martin Fik
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Harangozo
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lukas Hleba
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kovacikova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Jambor
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Hlebova
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Andreji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
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Hussein MA, Morsy NS, Mahmoud AF, Darwish WS, Elabbasy MT, Zigo F, Farkašová Z, Rehan IF. Risk assessment of toxic residues among some freshwater and marine water fish species. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1185395. [PMID: 37559893 PMCID: PMC10407656 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1185395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Egypt has several beaches, as well as the Nile River and a few lakes; therefore, it could compensate for the lack of protein in red meat with fish. Fish, however, may become a source of heavy metal exposure in humans. The current study was to assess the level of five toxic metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and aluminum (Al), in six species, namely, Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus), Mugil cephalus (M. cephalus), Lates niloticus (L. niloticus), Plectropomus leopardus (P. leopardus), Epinephelus tauvina (E. tauvina), and Lethrinus nebulosus (L. nebulosus), collected from the El-Obour fish market in Egypt. The residual concentrations of the tested toxic metals in the examined O. niloticus, M. cephalus, L. niloticus, E. tauvina, P. leopardus, and L. nebulosus species were found to be higher than the European Commission's maximum permissible limits (MPL) for Pb and Cd by 10 and 20%, 15 and 65%, 75 and 15%, 20 and 65%, 15 and 40%, and 25 and 5%. In contrast, 30% of L. niloticus exceeded the MPL for Hg. It was shown that the average estimated daily intake (EDI) and the target hazard quotient (THQ) in fish samples are below safety levels for human consumption and hazard index (HI < 1). From the human health point of view, this study showed that there was no possible health risk to people due to the intake of any studied species under the current consumption rate in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Hussein
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nanis S. Morsy
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdallah F. Mahmoud
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Wageh S. Darwish
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T. Elabbasy
- College of Public Health and Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Center (CMDPT), Hail University, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - František Zigo
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Farkašová
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ibrahim F. Rehan
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Alkom, Egypt
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University Yagotoyama, Nagoya, Japan
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Parvez MS, Nawshin S, Sultana S, Hossain MS, Rashid Khan MH, Habib MA, Nijhum ZT, Khan R. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil Samples around Rampal, Bangladesh. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15990-15999. [PMID: 37179636 PMCID: PMC10173447 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rising soil pollution has recently emerged as a significant global issue as a result of increased industrialization, urbanization, and inadequate waste management. In Rampal Upazila, soil contamination with heavy metals resulted in a significant deterioration of quality of life and life expectancy, so the study's goal is to appraise the level of heavy metal contamination in soil samples. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was used to identify 13 heavy metals (Al, Na, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ca, Zn, and K) from 17 soil samples that were collected at random from Rampal. Enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index, elemental fractionation, and potential ecological risk analysis were used to evaluate the level of pollution and sources of metal. The average concentration of heavy metals implies that they are below in the permissible limit except for Pb. Environmental indices also showed the same result for Pb. The ecological risk index (RI) for six elements-Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cu, and Pb-is 26.575. For investigating the behavior and origin of elements, multivariate statistical analysis was also applied. From the EF, Na, Cr, Fe, and Mg are in the anthropogenic region, and Al, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Ca, K, and Zn are minorly polluted, but Pb is highly contaminated in the Rampal area. The geo-accumulation index exhibits that Pb is slightly contaminated but others are not, while CF shows no contamination in this region. From the ecological RI, the value which is below 150 is called uncontaminated, which indicates that our studied area is ecologically free. There are various classifications of heavy metal contamination in the study area. Therefore, regular monitoring of soil pollution is required, and the public awareness needs to be raised to ensure a safe environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayma Nawshin
- Physics
Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sadiya Sultana
- Physics
Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Rahat Khan
- Reactor
and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
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