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Wang Y, Ji Y, Meng K, Zhang J, Zhong L, Zhan Q, Zhao L. Effects of different selenium biofortification methods on Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides: Structural characteristics, antioxidant activity and binding capacity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133214. [PMID: 38897526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The effects of selenium biofortification methods involving sodium selenite and selenium yeast on the structural characteristics, antioxidant activity and binding capacity of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides were investigated. Sodium selenite Se-enriched Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (Se-SPEP), selenium yeast Se-enriched Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (Se-YPEP), and Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (PEP) had Se contents of 20.548 ± 1.561, 19.822 ± 0.613, and 0.052 ± 0.016 μg/g, respectively. Compared with PEP, Se-SPEP and Se-YPEP had lower molecular weight and contained the same monosaccharides in varying molar ratios. The results of FT-IR, PS, ZP, and SEM indicated significant alterations in structural characteristics following selenium biofortification. Se-PEPs exhibited superior activity against ABTS, DPPH, and ·OH radicals, as well as the higher binding capacity for Cd2+ and Cu2+ compared to natural polysaccharides. The binding capacity of the polysaccharides for Cd2+ and Cu2+ was higher at pH 6.8 compared to pH 2.0, while the opposite was observed for Pb2+. Furthermore, Se-PEPs exhibited a significantly higher binding capacity for Cd2+ and Cu2+ at both pH levels compared to natural polysaccharides (P < 0.05). Se-YPEP displayed higher antioxidant activity than Se-SPEP, with their binding capacities reversed. These data indicated that selenium biofortification methods have different positive impacts on the structure and activity of polysaccharides compared to natural polysaccharides, making Se-PEPs promising dietary supplements for safeguarding the body against the risks posed by food-derived heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keke Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiping Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Dahiya P, Kumari S, Behl M, Kashyap A, Kumari D, Thakur K, Devi M, Kumari N, Kaushik N, Walia A, Bhatt AK, Bhatia RK. Guardians of the Gut: Harnessing the Power of Probiotic Microbiota and Their Exopolysaccharides to Mitigate Heavy Metal Toxicity in Human for Better Health. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9. [PMID: 38733461 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a significant global health concern, posing risks to both the environment and human health. Exposure to heavy metals happens through various channels like contaminated water, food, air, and workplaces, resulting in severe health implications. Heavy metals also disrupt the gut's microbial balance, leading to dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in beneficial microorganisms and proliferation in harmful ones, ultimately exacerbating health problems. Probiotic microorganisms have demonstrated their ability to adsorb and sequester heavy metals, while their exopolysaccharides (EPS) exhibit chelating properties, aiding in mitigating heavy metal toxicity. These beneficial microorganisms aid in restoring gut integrity through processes like biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation of heavy metals. Incorporating probiotic strains with high affinity for heavy metals into functional foods and supplements presents a practical approach to mitigating heavy metal toxicity while enhancing gut health. Utilizing probiotic microbiota and their exopolysaccharides to address heavy metal toxicity offers a novel method for improving human health through modulation of the gut microbiome. By combining probiotics and exopolysaccharides, a distinctive strategy emerges for mitigating heavy metal toxicity, highlighting promising avenues for therapeutic interventions and health improvements. Further exploration in this domain could lead to groundbreaking therapies and preventive measures, underscoring probiotic microbiota and exopolysaccharides as natural and environmentally friendly solutions to heavy metal toxicity. This, in turn, could enhance public health by safeguarding the gut from environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpak Dahiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manya Behl
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aakash Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deeksha Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kumari
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP, 176062, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Corrales D, Alcántara C, Clemente MJ, Vélez D, Devesa V, Monedero V, Zúñiga M. Phosphate Uptake and Its Relation to Arsenic Toxicity in Lactobacilli. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5017. [PMID: 38732236 PMCID: PMC11084836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotic lactobacilli has been proposed as a strategy to mitigate damage associated with exposure to toxic metals. Their protective effect against cationic metal ions, such as those of mercury or lead, is believed to stem from their chelating and accumulating potential. However, their retention of anionic toxic metalloids, such as inorganic arsenic, is generally low. Through the construction of mutants in phosphate transporter genes (pst) in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains, coupled with arsenate [As(V)] uptake and toxicity assays, we determined that the incorporation of As(V), which structurally resembles phosphate, is likely facilitated by phosphate transporters. Surprisingly, inactivation in Lc. paracasei of PhoP, the transcriptional regulator of the two-component system PhoPR, a signal transducer involved in phosphate sensing, led to an increased resistance to arsenite [As(III)]. In comparison to the wild type, the phoP strain exhibited no differences in the ability to retain As(III), and there were no observed changes in the oxidation of As(III) to the less toxic As(V). These results reinforce the idea that specific transport, and not unspecific cell retention, plays a role in As(V) biosorption by lactobacilli, while they reveal an unexpected phenotype for the lack of the pleiotropic regulator PhoP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Corrales
- Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics Laboratory, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Cristina Alcántara
- Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics Laboratory, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.C.); (C.A.)
| | - María Jesús Clemente
- Next-Generation Approaches for Integrative Food Toxicology Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Catedràtic Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.J.C.); (D.V.); (V.D.)
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Next-Generation Approaches for Integrative Food Toxicology Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Catedràtic Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.J.C.); (D.V.); (V.D.)
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Next-Generation Approaches for Integrative Food Toxicology Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Catedràtic Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.J.C.); (D.V.); (V.D.)
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics Laboratory, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Manuel Zúñiga
- Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics Laboratory, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (D.C.); (C.A.)
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Srirengaraj V, Razafindralambo HL, Rabetafika HN, Nguyen HT, Sun YZ. Synbiotic Agents and Their Active Components for Sustainable Aquaculture: Concepts, Action Mechanisms, and Applications. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1498. [PMID: 38132324 PMCID: PMC10740583 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a fast-emerging food-producing sector in which fishery production plays an imperative socio-economic role, providing ample resources and tremendous potential worldwide. However, aquatic animals are exposed to the deterioration of the ecological environment and infection outbreaks, which represent significant issues nowadays. One of the reasons for these threats is the excessive use of antibiotics and synthetic drugs that have harmful impacts on the aquatic atmosphere. It is not surprising that functional and nature-based feed ingredients such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and synbiotics have been developed as natural alternatives to sustain a healthy microbial environment in aquaculture. These functional feed additives possess several beneficial characteristics, including gut microbiota modulation, immune response reinforcement, resistance to pathogenic organisms, improved growth performance, and enhanced feed utilization in aquatic animals. Nevertheless, their mechanisms in modulating the immune system and gut microbiota in aquatic animals are largely unclear. This review discusses basic and current research advancements to fill research gaps and promote effective and healthy aquaculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hary L. Razafindralambo
- ProBioLab, 5004 Namur, Belgium;
- BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Sustainable Management of Bio-Agressors & Microbial Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech—Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Huu-Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biotechnology, An Giang University, Long Xuyen City 90000, Vietnam;
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
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Ao XL, Liao YM, Kang HY, Li HL, He T, Zou LK, Liu SL, Chen SJ, Yang Y, Liu XY. Untargeted Metabolomics and Physicochemical Analysis Revealed the Quality Formation Mechanism in Fermented Milk Inoculated with Lactobacillus brevis and Kluyveromyces marxianus Isolated from Traditional Fermented Milk. Foods 2023; 12:3704. [PMID: 37835356 PMCID: PMC10572762 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional fermented milk from the western Sichuan plateau of China has a unique flavor and rich microbial diversity. This study explored the quality formation mechanism in fermented milk inoculated with Lactobacillus brevis NZ4 and Kluyveromyces marxianus SY11 (MFM), the dominant microorganisms isolated from traditional dairy products in western nan. The results indicated that MFM displayed better overall quality than the milk fermented with L. brevis NZ4 (LFM) and K. marxianus SY11 (KFM), respectively. MFM exhibited good sensory quality, more organic acid types, more free amino acids and esters, and moderate acidity and ethanol concentrations. Non-targeted metabolomics showed a total of 885 metabolites annotated in the samples, representing 204 differential metabolites between MFM and LFM and 163 between MFM and KFM. MFM displayed higher levels of N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, cysteinyl serine, glaucarubin, and other substances. The differential metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and beta-alanine metabolism. This study speculated that L. brevis affected K. marxianus growth via its metabolites, while the mixed fermentation of these strains significantly changed the metabolism pathway of flavor-related substances, especially glycerophospholipid metabolism. Furthermore, mixed fermentation modified the flavor and quality of fermented milk by affecting cell growth and metabolic pathways.
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Pandit B, Moin A, Mondal A, Banik A, Alam M. Characterization of a biofilm-forming, amylase-producing, and heavy-metal-bioremediating strain Micrococcus sp. BirBP01 isolated from oligotrophic subsurface lateritic soil. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:351. [PMID: 37805972 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Lateritic soil is the reddish to brown-colored soil composed mainly of iron or aluminium oxides, hydroxides, or oxyhydroxides. Information on bacteria that inhabit this soil type, their ecological role, and metabolic potential are scarce. We have isolated and partially characterized a bacterial strain BirBP01 from a lead, calcium, and magnesium-rich, oligotrophic subsurface lateritic soil-sample collected from 12-feet deep horizon of a laterite mining pit in Birbhum district, India. The isolate is a biofilm-forming, Gram-positive bacterium having a sarcinae arrangement, mesophilic, slightly alkaliphilic, able to produce amylase, and resistant against multiple heavy-metals. BirBP01 has the ability to bioremediate 51% of Pb, 30% of Zn, and 22% of Cu through biosorption, possibly into the biofilm matrix. The bioremediating ability of the bacterium alleviated the inhibitory effect of heavy-metals on the germination of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that BirBP01 is a member of the genus Micrococcus. It showed more than 99% identity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, and clustered within the same branch of the phylogenetic tree, with strains of M. yunnanensis, M. endophyticus, and M. luteus. The ability to produce amylase, and bioremediate heavy-metals signify that Micrococcus sp. BirBP01 could be potentially a good candidate for industrial applications, and to clean up heavy-metal contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishali Pandit
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
- Department of Botany, Surendranath College, 24/2 MG Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Abdul Moin
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Mondal
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Avishek Banik
- Laboratory of Microbial Interaction, Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Canal Bank Road, DG Block, Action Area 1D, New Town, Kolkata, 700156, India
| | - Masrure Alam
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, 700160, West Bengal, India.
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Li X, Chen S, Zhao L, Zeng X, Liu Y, Li C, Yang Q. Effect of lactic acid bacteria by different concentrations of copper based on non-target metabolomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:107568-107579. [PMID: 37737949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element for mammals, but excess intake can have detrimental health consequences. However, Cu is no longer present in the "Limit of Contaminants in Foods" promulgated in 2022. The potential impact of different Cu (II) concentrations on human health remains unclear. In this study, a strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), namely, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CICC 23121 (L23121), was selected as a prebiotic indicator strain to indirectly assess the effects of food-limited Cu (II) concentrations (issued by Tolerance limit of copper in foods in 1994) on the functions of intestinal microbes. We used non-target metabolomics, automatic growth curve detector, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the effects of Cu (II) on L23121. The study revealed shows that the 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of Cu (II) for most lactic acid bacteria was 4 mg/L. At low Cu (II) concentrations (≤ 4 mg/L), the pentose phosphate pathway and pyrimidine metabolism of the lactic acid bacteria were affected, resulting in a decrease in the content of beneficial secondary metabolites and a significant decrease in the cell activity. As Cu (II) concentrations increase (≥ 6 mg/L), the key amino acid and lipid metabolisms were affected, leading to the inhibition of growth and primary metabolite production of the bacteria. Under high concentration of Cu (II) (6 mg/L), the surface adhesion of the bacteria was distorted and covered with significantly large particles, and the functional groups of the cells were significantly shifted. As a probiotic, the abundance of lactic acid bacteria in the intestine is significantly reduced, which will inevitably seriously damage intestinal homeostasis. Thus, to protect human intestinal microbes' health, it is recommended to limit the concentration of Cu in food to less than 4 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shiyue Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiangpeng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Chaochuang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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