1
|
Lee YC, Jou YC, Chou WC, Tsai KL, Shen CH, Lee SD. Ellagic acid protects against angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic responses through ROS-mediated MAPK pathway in H9c2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3253-3263. [PMID: 38356441 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The early myocardial response of hypertension is an elevation of angiotensin-II (Ang-II) concentration, leading to heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy. This hypertrophic event of the heart is mediated by the interaction of Ang type 1 receptors (AT-R1), thereby modulating NADPH oxidase activity in cardiomyocytes, which alters redox status in cardiomyocytes. Ellagic acid (EA) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative capacities. Thus, EA has potential preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In the last decades, because the protective effect of EA on Ang-II-induced hypertrophic responses is unclear, this study aims to investigate the protective effect of EA in cardiomyocytes. H9c2 cells were treated to Ang-II 1 μM for 24 h to induce cellular damage. We found that EA protected against Ang-II-increased cell surface area and pro-hypertrophic gene expression in H9c2. EA reduced Ang-II-caused AT-R1 upregulation, thereby inhibiting oxidative stress NADPH oxidase activation. EA mitigated Ang-II-enhanced p38 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Moreover, EA treatment under Ang-II stimulation also reversed NF-κB activity and iNOS expression. This study shows that EA protects against Ang-II-induced myocardial hypertrophy and attenuates oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in H9c2 cells. Thus, EA may be an effective compound for preventing Ang-II-induced myocardial hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Che Lee
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Chin Jou
- Department of Urology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chou
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Allied Health Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huang Shen
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Min Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, PhD program in Healthcare Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Liao R, Zhang S, Weng H, Liu Y, Tao T, Yu F, Li G, Wu J. Promising remedies for cardiovascular disease: Natural polyphenol ellagic acid and its metabolite urolithins. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154867. [PMID: 37257327 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant worldwide factor contributing to human fatality and morbidity. With the increase of incidence rates, it is of concern that there is a lack of current therapeutic alternatives because of multiple side effects. Ellagic acid (EA), the natural polyphenol (C14H6O8), is abundant in pomegranates, berries, and nuts. EA and its intestinal microflora metabolite, urolithins, have recently attracted much attention as a potential novel "medicine" because of their wide pharmacological properties. PURPOSE This study aimed to critically analyze available literature to summarize the beneficial effects of EA and urolithins, and highlights their druggability and therapeutic potential in various CVDs. METHODS We systematically studied research and review articles between 1984 and 2022 available on various databases to obtain the data on EA and urolithins with no language restriction. Their cardiovascular protective activities, underlying mechanism, and druggability were highlighted and discussed comprehensively. RESULTS We found that EA and urolithins may exert preventive and curative effects on CVD with negligible side effects and possibly regulate lipid metabolism imbalance, pro-inflammatory factor production, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, endothelial cell dysfunction, and Ca2+ intake and release. Potentially, this may lead to the prevention and amelioration of atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiotoxicities in vivo. Several molecules and signaling pathways are associated with their therapeutic actions, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-κB, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, sirtuin1, miRNA, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies shows that EA and urolithins could be used as valid candidates for early prevention and effective therapeutic strategies for various CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Li
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruixue Liao
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shijia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Huimin Weng
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Liu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Tianyi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengxu Yu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deepika, Maurya PK. Ellagic acid: insight into its protective effects in age-associated disorders. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:340. [PMID: 36340805 PMCID: PMC9633905 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The disparity in the free radical generation and the production of antioxidants to counteract its effect is known as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes damage to the macromolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA and RNA. The oxidative damage to the cellular components leads to a process of aging and various age-associated disorders. The literature survey for this review was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The papers showing the studies related to aging and age-associated disorders have been selected for reviewing this paper. Ellagic acid has been used as the keyword, and more emphasis has been put on papers from the last 10 years. However, some papers with significant studies prior to 10 years have also been considered. Almost 250 papers have been studied for reviewing this paper, and about 135 papers have been cited. Ellagic acid (EA) is present in high quantities in pomegranate and various types of berries. It is known to possess the antioxidant potential and protects from the harmful effects of free radicals. Various studies have shown its effect to protect cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, cancer, and diabetes. The present review focuses on the protective effect of ellagic acid in age-associated disorders. The effect of EA has been studied in various chronic disorders but the scope of this review is limited to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. All the disease aspects have not been addressed in this particular review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
| |
Collapse
|